13. Fasting
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1544No grade recorded
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ أَعْرَابِيٌّ لَيْلَةَ هِلَالِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْهِلَالَ فَقَالَ «أَتَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَتَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَنَادِ فِي النَّاسِ أَنْ يَصُومُوا»
✧ A bedouin man came on the night of the crescent of Ramadan and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I have seen the crescent.' He said, 'Do you bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Then announce to the people that they should fast.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1545No grade recorded
جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ لَيْلَةَ هِلَالِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْهِلَالَ فَقَالَ «أَتَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَنَادَى أَنْ يَصُومُوا»
✧ A bedouin came on the night of the crescent of Ramadan and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I have seen the crescent.' He said, 'Do you bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Then he announced that they should fast.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1546No grade recorded
أَنْ لَا يَقُومُوا وَلَا يَصُومُوا فَجَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ مِنَ الْحَرَّةِ فَشَهِدَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى الْهِلَالَ «فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِلَالًا أَنْ يَقُومُوا وَيَصُومُوا» قَدِ احْتَجَّ الْبُخَارِيُّ بِأَحَادِيثَ عِكْرِمَةَ وَاحْتَجَّ مُسْلِمٌ بِأَحَادِيثِ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ وَحَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ صَحِيحٌ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ
✧ They were instructed not to stand (for prayer) and not to fast. Then a bedouin came from al-Harrah and testified that he had seen the crescent. The Prophet ﷺ ordered Bilal to announce that they should stand (for prayer) and fast. Al-Bukhari used the hadiths of 'Ikrimah as evidence, and Muslim used the hadiths of Simak b. Harb and Hammad b. Salama as evidence. This hadith is authentic, but they did not include it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1547No grade recorded
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عِكْرِمَةَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَهُوَ يَأْكُلُ فَقَالَ ادْنُ فَكُلْ قُلْتُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَتَدْنُوَنَّ قُلْتُ فَحَدِّثْنِي قَالَ
✧ I entered upon 'Ikrimah on the day about which there is doubt regarding Ramadan, and he was eating. He said, 'Come near and eat.' I said, 'I am fasting.' He said, 'By Allah, you will come near.' I said, 'Then narrate to me.' He said:
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1548No grade recorded
«أَحْصُوا هِلَالَ شَعْبَانَ لِرَمَضَانَ»
✧ 'Observe the crescent of Sha'ban for Ramadan.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1549No grade recorded
الْفَجْرُ فَجْرَانِ فَأَمَّا الْأَوَّلُ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُحَرِّمُ الطَّعَامَ وَلَا يُحِلُّ الصَّلَاةَ وَأَمَّا الثَّانِي فَإِنَّهُ يُحَرِّمُ الطَّعَامَ وَيُحِلُّ الصَّلَاةَ
✧ Dawn is of two types. As for the first, it does not prohibit food nor permit the prayer. As for the second, it prohibits food and permits the prayer.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1550No grade recorded
«لَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ أَذَانُ بِلَالٍ وَلَا هَذَا الْبَيَاضُ لِعَمُودِ الصُّبْحِ حَتَّى يَسْتَطِيرَ»
✧ 'Let not the call of Bilal deceive you, nor this whiteness of the pillar of dawn, until it spreads.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1551No grade recorded
«اسْتَعِينُوا بِطَعَامِ السَّحَرِ عَلَى صِيَامِ النَّهَارِ وَبِقَيْلُولَةِ النَّهَارِ عَلَى قِيَامِ اللَّيْلِ»
✧ 'Seek help in the pre-dawn meal for fasting during the day, and in the midday nap for standing in prayer at night.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1552No grade recorded
«إِذَا سَمِعَ أَحَدُكُمُ النِّدَاءَ وَالْإِنَاءُ عَلَى يَدِهِ فَلَا يَضَعُهُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ حَاجَتَهُ مِنْهُ»
✧ “When one of you hears the call while the vessel is in his hand, he should not put it down until he fulfills his need from it.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1553No grade recorded
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَاءَ فَأَفْطَرَ» فَلَقِيتُ ثَوْبَانَ فِي مَسْجِدِ دِمَشْقَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ أَنَا صَبَبْتُ لَهُ وَضُوءَهُ
✧ “The Prophet ﷺ vomited and broke his fast.” Then I met Thawban in the mosque of Damascus and mentioned that to him, and he said, “He spoke the truth; I poured for him the water for his ablution.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1554No grade recorded
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَاءَ فَأَفْطَرَ»
✧ “The Prophet ﷺ vomited and broke his fast.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1555No grade recorded
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَاءَ فَأَفْطَرَ»
✧ The translation of the given Arabic sentence is: "That the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, fasted and then broke his fast."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1556No grade recorded
«إِذَا اسْتَقَاءَ الصَّائِمُ أَفْطَرَ وَإِذَا ذَرَعَهُ الْقَيْءُ لَمْ يُفْطِرْ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If the fasting person mistakenly eats or drinks, then he should continue fasting, and if he vomits involuntarily, then it does not break his fast." This was narrated by Isa ibn Yunus from Hisham.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1557No grade recorded
«مَنْ ذَرَعَهُ الْقَيْءُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قَضَاءٌ وَمَنِ اسْتَقَاءَ فَلْيَقْضِ»
✧ “Whoever is overcome by vomiting is not obliged to make up the fast, but whoever intentionally vomits must make it up.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1558No grade recorded
خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِالْبَقِيعِ نَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى رَجُلٍ يَحْتَجِمُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» قَدْ أَقَامَ الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ هَذَا الْإِسْنَادُ فَجَوَّدَهُ وَبَيَّنَ سَمَاعَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الرُّوَاةِ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ «وَتَابَعَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ شَيْبَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ النَّحْوِيُّ وَهِشَامُ بْنُ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ وَكُلُّهُمْ ثِقَاتٌ» فَإِذَا الْحَدِيثُ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ
✧ I went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when eighteen nights of Ramadan had passed. When he was at al-Baqi', the Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at a man being cupped and said, “The cupper and the one cupped have broken their fast.” Al-Awza'i established this chain and made it sound, clarifying each narrator's hearing from his source. “Shayban b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Nahwi and Hisham b. Abi 'Abd Allah al-Dastuwa'i concurred with him on that, and all of them are trustworthy.” If so, the hadith is authentic according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs, but they did not include it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1559No grade recorded
أَنَّ ثَوْبَانَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَمْشِي فِي الْبَقِيعِ فِي رَمَضَانَ إِذْ رَأَى رَجُلًا يَحْتَجِمُ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ «وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ مَا رُوِيَ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ»
✧ Thawban, the freed slave of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, said: While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was walking in al-Baqi' during Ramadan, he saw a man being cupped and said, “The cupper and the one cupped have broken their fast.” Ahmad b. Hanbal said, “And it is the most authentic report on this topic.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1560No grade recorded
أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَمْشِي بِالْبَقِيعِ فِي رَمَضَانَ إِذْ رَأَى رَجُلًا يَحْتَجِمُ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» فَهَذِهِ الْأَسَانِيدُ الْمُبَيَّنُ فِيهَا سَمَاعُ الرُّوَاةِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ نَاقِلُوهَا وَالثِّقَاتُ الْأَثْبَاتُ لَا تُعَلَّلُ بِخِلَافٍ يَكُونُ فِيهِ بَيْنَ الْمَجْرُوحِينَ عَلَى أَبِي قِلَابَةَ وَغَيْرِهِ وَعِنْدَ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ فِيهِ إِسْنَادٌ آخَرُ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ
✧ He informed him; he said: While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was walking in al-Baqi' during Ramadan, he saw a man being cupped and said, “The cupper and the one cupped have broken their fast.” These chains, in which the hearing of the narrators who transmitted them is clarified and who are trustworthy and precise, are not to be deemed defective because of a disagreement among those who are criticized concerning Abu Qilabah or others. And according to Yahya b. Abi Kathir, there is another chain that is authentic according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1561No grade recorded
«أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» وَفِي حَدِيثِ إِسْحَاقَ الدَّبَرِيِّ وَالْمُسْتَحْجِمُ وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ سَمِعْتُ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ الْمَدِينِيِّ يَقُولُ لَا أَعْلَمُ فِي الْحَاجِمِ وَالْمَحْجُومِ حَدِيثًا أَصَحَّ مِنْ هَذَا تَابَعَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ
✧ “The cupper and the one cupped have broken their fast,” and in the hadith of Ishaq al-Dabari, “and the one who seeks cupping.” Abu Bakr Muhammad b. Ishaq said in his hadith: I heard al-'Abbas b. 'Abd al-'Azim say: I heard 'Ali b. al-Madini say: I do not know any hadith about the cupper and the one cupped more authentic than this. Mu'awiyah b. Sallam concurred with him from Yahya b. Abi Kathir.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1562No grade recorded
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ فَلْيَعْلَمْ طَالِبُ هَذَا الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ الْإِسْنَادَيْنِ لِيَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ قَدْ حَكَمَ لِأَحَدِهِمَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ بِالصِّحَّةِ وَحَكَمَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ لِلْآخَرِ بِالصِّحَّةِ فَلَا يُعَلَّلُ أَحَدُهُمَا بِالْآخَرِ وَقَدْ حَكَمَ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ لِحَدِيثِ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ بِالصِّحَّةِ
✧ From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ something similar. The seeker of this knowledge should know that of the two chains from Yahya b. Abi Kathir, one has been ruled authentic by Ahmad b. Hanbal, and the other has been ruled authentic by 'Ali b. al-Madini. Neither is to be deemed defective because of the other, and Ishaq b. Ibrahim al-Hanzali ruled the hadith of Shaddad b. Aws authentic.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1563No grade recorded
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَتَى عَلَى رَجُلٍ بِالْبَقِيعِ وَهُوَ يَحْتَجِمُ وَهُوَ آخِذٌ بِيَدِي لِثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ خَلَتْ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» فَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ صَالِحٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ سَلَمَةَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ يَقُولُ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ يَقُومُ بِهِ الْحُجَّةُ وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قَدْ صَحَّ بِأَسَانِيدَ وَبِهِ يَقُولُ فَرَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْ إِمَامِنَا أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ فَقَدْ حَكَمَ بِالصِّحَّةِ لِحَدِيثٍ ظَاهِرٌ صِحَّتُهُ وَقَالَ بِهِ وَقَدِ اتَّفَقَ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَشُعْبَةُ عَلَى رِوَايَتِهِ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ هَكَذَا
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came upon a man in al-Baqi' while he was being cupped, and he was holding my hand, when eighteen nights of Ramadan had passed, and said, “The cupper and the one cupped have broken their fast.” I heard Muhammad b. Salih say: I heard Ahmad b. Salamah say: I heard Ishaq b. Ibrahim say: This is a sound chain that establishes proof. This hadith is authentic with multiple chains, and he held this view—may Allah be pleased with our Imam Abu Ya'qub—for he ruled a hadith whose authenticity is evident as authentic and acted upon it. Al-Thawri and Shu'bah agreed on reporting it from 'Asim al-Ahwal from Abu Qilabah in this manner.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1564No grade recorded
مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَعْقِلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ صَبِيحَةَ ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَهُوَ يَحْتَجِمُ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by Ma'qil b. Yasar on the morning of the eighteenth of Ramadan while he was being cupped and said, “The cupper and the one cupped have broken their fast.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1565No grade recorded
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ يَحْتَجِمُ فِي سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْإِسْفَرَائِنِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ قَالَ حَدِيثُ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَجُلًا يَحْتَجِمُ فِي رَمَضَانَ رَوَاهُ عَاصِمٌ الْأَحْوَلُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَشْعَثِ وَرَوَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي أَسْمَاءَ عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ «وَلَا أَرَى الْحَدِيثَيْنِ إِلَّا صَحِيحَيْنِ فَقَدْ يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ سَمِعَهُ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعًا» فَأَمَّا رُخْصَةُ الْحِجَامَةِ لِلصَّائِمِ فَقَدْ أَخْرَجَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الْجَامِعِ الصَّحِيحِ
✧ The Prophet ﷺ passed by a man being cupped on the seventeenth of Ramadan and said, “The cupper and the one cupped have broken their fast.” Abu Muhammad al-Hasan b. Muhammad b. Ishaq al-Isfara'ini narrated to us: Muhammad b. Ahmad b. al-Bara' narrated to us: 'Ali b. al-Madini narrated to us; he said: The hadith of Shaddad b. Aws from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, that he saw a man being cupped in Ramadan, was reported by 'Asim al-Ahwal from Abu Qilabah from Abu al-Ash'ath, and reported by Yahya b. Abi Kathir from Abu Qilabah from Abu Asma' from Thawban. “I consider both hadiths authentic, for it is possible that he heard it from both of them.” As for the license for cupping for a fasting person, Muhammad b. Isma'il al-Bukhari included it in the Sahih.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1566No grade recorded
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ احْتَجَمَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ» فَاسْتَمِعِ الْآنَ كَلَامَ إِمَامِ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ فِي عَصْرِهِ بِلَا مُدَافَعَةٍ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ لِتَسْتَدِلَّ بِهِ عَلَى أَرْشَدِ الصَّوَابِ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was cupped while he was fasting. Now listen to the words of the Imam of the people of hadith in his era, without dispute, on this hadith, so that you may be guided by it to the most correct view.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1567No grade recorded
وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو يَعْلَى قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ثنا رَوْحُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ عَنْ مَطَرٍ الْوَرَّاقِ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُزَنِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ قَالَ دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي مُوسَى وَهُوَ يَحْتَجِمُ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَقُلْتُ أَلَا احْتَجَمْتَ نَهَارًا؟ فَقَالَ تَأْمُرُنِي أَنْ أُهَرِيقَ دَمِي وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ»
✧ And Abu Ali al-Hafiz informed me; Abu Ya'la reported to us; they said: Abu Khaythama Zuhayr b. Harb narrated to us; Rawh b. Ubada narrated to us from Sa'id b. Abi Aruba from Matar al-Warraq from Bakr b. Abd Allah al-Muzani from Abu Rafi', who said: We entered upon Abu Musa while he was being cupped after Maghrib. I said, 'Why were you not cupped during the day?' He said, 'Do you command me to shed my blood while I am fasting? I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "The cupper and the cupped have broken their fast."'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1568No grade recorded
بَيْنَا أَنَا نَائِمٌ إِذْ أَتَانِي رَجُلَانِ فَأَخَذَا بِضَبْعَيَّ فَأَتَيَا بِي جَبَلًا وَعْرًا فَقَالَا لِي اصْعَدْ فَقُلْتُ «إِنِّي لَا أُطِيقُهُ» فَقَالَا إِنَّا سَنُسَهِّلُهُ لَكَ فَصَعِدْتُ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُ فِي سَوَاءِ الْجَبَلِ إِذَا أَنَا بِأَصْوَاتٍ شَدِيدَةٍ فَقُلْتُ «مَا هَذِهِ الْأَصْوَاتُ؟» قَالُوا هَذَا عَوَىُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ بِي فَإِذَا أَنَا بِقَوْمٍ مُعَلَّقِينَ بِعَرَاقِيبِهِمْ مُشَقَّقَةُ أَشْدَاقُهُمْ تَسِيلُ أَشْدَاقُهُمْ دَمًا قَالَ قُلْتُ «مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ؟» قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ يُفْطِرُونَ قَبْلَ تَحِلَّةِ صَوْمِهِمْ
✧ While I was sleeping, two men came to me, took me by my upper arms, and brought me to a rugged mountain. They said to me, 'Climb.' I said, 'I cannot.' They said, 'We will make it easy for you.' So I climbed until I reached the top of the mountain, and there I heard loud voices. I said, 'What are these voices?' They said, 'This is the howling of the people of the Fire.' Then they took me on, and I saw people hanging by their hamstrings, their cheeks split, and blood flowing from their mouths. I said, 'Who are these?' They said, 'These are those who break their fast before it is lawful to do so.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1569No grade recorded
«مَنْ أَفْطَرَ فِي رَمَضَانَ نَاسِيًا فَلَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَا كَفَّارَةَ»
✧ Whoever breaks his fast in Ramadan out of forgetfulness, there is no makeup for him and no expiation.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1570No grade recorded
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَيْسَ الصِّيَامُ مِنَ الْأَكْلِ وَالشُّرْبِ إِنَّمَا الصِّيَامُ مِنَ اللَّغْوِ وَالرَّفَثِ فَإِنْ سَابَّكَ أَحَدٌ وَجَهِلَ عَلَيْكَ فَقُلْ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Fasting is not from eating and drinking; rather, fasting is from vain talk and obscenity. If someone insults you or behaves ignorantly toward you, say, 'I am fasting.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1571No grade recorded
«رُبَّ صَائِمٍ حَظُّهُ مِنْ صِيَامِهِ الْجُوعُ وَرُبَّ قَائِمٍ حَظُّهُ مِنْ قِيَامِهِ السَّهَرُ»
✧ Many a fasting person gets nothing from his fast but hunger, and many a standing person gets nothing from his standing but sleeplessness.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1572No grade recorded
أَنَّهُ قَالَ هَشَشْتُ يَوْمًا فَقَبَّلْتُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ وَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ صَنَعْتُ الْيَوْمَ أَمْرًا عَظِيمًا فَقَبَّلْتُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ تَمَضْمَضْتَ مَاءً وَأَنْتَ صَائِمٌ؟» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هَذَا» حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ
✧ He said: One day I felt desire and kissed while I was fasting. I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'Today I did a grave thing: I kissed while fasting.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'What do you think if you rinsed your mouth with water while fasting?' I said, 'There is no harm in that.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'So this.' This is a sound hadith according to the conditions of the two shaykhs, but they did not include it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1573No grade recorded
«لَا يَزَالُ الدِّينُ ظَاهِرًا مَا عَجَّلَ النَّاسُ الْفِطْرَ لِأَنَّ الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى يُؤَخِّرُونَ»
✧ The religion will remain uppermost as long as people hasten to break the fast, because the Jews and Christians delay it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1574No grade recorded
«مَنْ وَجَدَ تَمْرًا فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ لَا فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ طَهُورٌ»
✧ Whoever finds dates, let him break his fast with them; and whoever does not, let him break his fast on water, for it is purifying.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1575No grade recorded
«إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ صَائِمًا فَلْيُفْطِرْ عَلَى التَّمْرِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدِ التَّمْرَ فَعَلَى الْمَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ الْمَاءُ طَهُورُ»
✧ When one of you is fasting, let him break his fast with dates; if he does not find dates, then with water, for water is purifying.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1576No grade recorded
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُفْطِرُ عَلَى رُطَبَاتٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ رُطَبَاتٍ فَعَلَى تَمَرَاتٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ تَمَرَاتٍ حَسَا حَسَوَاتٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ»
✧ He heard Anas b. Malik say: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to break his fast with fresh dates before praying; if there were no fresh dates, then with dried dates; if there were no dried dates, he would take a few sips of water.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1577No grade recorded
كَانَ لَا يُصَلِّي الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يُفْطِرَ وَلَوْ عَلَى شَرْبَةٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ»
✧ He would not pray Maghrib until he broke his fast, even if with a sip of water.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1578No grade recorded
«رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْعَرْجِ يَصُبُّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ مِنَ الْمَاءِ مِنَ الْحَرِّ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ»
✧ I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at al-'Arj pouring water on his head from the heat while he was fasting.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1579No grade recorded
ثنا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ فِيمَا قُرِئَ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ سُمَيٍّ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ فِي سَفَرِهِ بِالْفِطْرِ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ وَقَالَ «تَقَوَّوْا لِعَدُوِّكُمْ»
✧ Al-Qa'nabi narrated on what was recited from Malik, from Sumayy, the freed slave of Abu Bakr, from Abu Bakr ibn Abdur-Rahman, from some of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ, who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanding the people during his travel in the year of conquest, saying: "Prepare yourselves for your enemy."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1580No grade recorded
«لَيْسَ مِنَ الْبِرِّ الصِّيَامُ فِي السَّفَرِ»
✧ Fasting while traveling is not part of righteousness.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1581No grade recorded
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي صَاحِبُ ظَهْرٍ أُعَالِجُهُ أُسَافِرُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَكْرِيهِ وَإِنَّهُ رُبَّمَا صَادَفَنِي هَذَا الشَّهْرُ يَعْنِي شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَأَنَا أَجِدُ الْقُوَّةَ وَأَنَا شَابٌّ وَأَجِدُنِي أَنْ أَصُومَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُؤَخِّرَهُ فَيَكُونُ دَيْنًا أَفَأَصُومُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَعْظَمُ لِأَجْرِي أَوْ أُفْطِرُ؟ قَالَ «أَيَّ ذَلِكَ شِئْتَ يَا حَمْزَةُ»
✧ I said: O Messenger of Allah, I am a man who works with riding camels; I treat them, travel on them, and hire them out. Sometimes this month—meaning the month of Ramadan—comes upon me while I find strength and I am a young man, and I find that fasting, O Messenger of Allah, is easier for me than delaying it so that it becomes a debt. Should I fast, O Messenger of Allah, for greater reward, or should I break the fast? He said: "Whichever you wish, O Hamzah."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1582No grade recorded
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ سَافَرَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَاشْتَدَّ الصَّوْمُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَجَعَلَتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ تَهِيمُ بِهِ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَأُخْبِرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِأَمْرِهِ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ ثُمَّ دَعَا النَّبِي ﷺ بِإِنَاءٍ فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى يَدِهِ ثُمَّ شَرِبَ وَالنَّاسُ يَنْظُرُونَ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ traveled during Ramadan, and fasting became severe for a man among his companions. His riding camel began to wander with him under the trees, and the Prophet ﷺ was informed of his condition. He ordered him to break the fast. Then the Prophet ﷺ called for a vessel, placed it in his hand, and drank while the people were watching.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1583No grade recorded
كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ فَأُتِيَ بِطَعَامٍ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ «ادْنُوَا فَكُلَا» فَقَالَا إِنَّا صَائِمَانِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اعْمَلُوا لِصَاحِبِكُمْ ارْحَلُوا لِصَاحِبِكُمْ ادْنُوَا فَكُلَا»
✧ We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Marr al-Zahran, and food was brought. He said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar: "Come near and eat." They said: "We are fasting." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Work for your companion; prepare to depart for your companion; come near and eat."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1584No grade recorded
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا تَزَالُ أُمَّتِي عَلَى سُنَّتِي مَا لَمْ تَنْتَظِرْ بِفِطْرِهَا النُّجُومَ» وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ صَائِمًا أَمَرَ رَجُلًا فَأَوْفَى عَلَى نَشَزٍ فَإِذَا قَالَ قَدْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَفْطَرَ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "My community will continue to follow my Sunnah as long as it does not wait for the stars to break its fast." When the Prophet ﷺ was fasting, he would order a man to climb a hill, and when he said that the sun had set, he would break the fast.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1585No grade recorded
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ «كَانَ أَحَبَّ الشُّهُورِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ شَعْبَانُ ثُمَّ يَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ»
✧ He heard 'A'ishah say: "The most beloved of months to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to fast was Sha'ban, then he would connect it to Ramadan."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1586No grade recorded
«يَوْمُ عَرَفَةَ وَيَوْمُ النَّحْرِ وَأَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ عِيدُنَا أَهْلُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَهُنَّ أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ»
✧ "The Day of 'Arafah, the Day of Sacrifice, and the days of Tashriq are our festival, O people of Islam; they are days of eating and drinking."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1587No grade recorded
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade fasting on the Day of 'Arafah at 'Arafat.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1588No grade recorded
كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَى بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْبَيْضَاءِ فِي شِعْبِ الْأَنْصَارِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ أَيَّامُ صِيَامٍ إِنَّهَا أَيَّامُ أَكْلٍ وَشُرْبٍ وَذِكْرٍ»
✧ It is as if I am looking at 'Ali b. Abi Talib on the white mule of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the mountain pass of the Ansar, saying: "O people, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'These are not days of fasting; they are days of eating, drinking, and remembrance.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1589No grade recorded
أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَلَى أَبِيهِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَقَرَّبَ إِلَيْهِمَا طَعَامًا فَقَالَ كُلْ فَقَالَ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو «كُلْ فَهَذِهِ الْأَيَّامُ الَّتِي كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُنَا بِإِفْطَارِهَا وَيَنْهَانَا عَنْ صِيَامِهَا» قَالَ مَالِكٌ «وَهُنَّ أَيَّامُ التَّشْرِيقِ»
✧ He entered upon 'Abd Allah b. 'Amr, whose father was 'Amr b. al-'As, and he brought them food. He said: "Eat." He replied: "I am fasting." 'Amr said: "Eat, for these are the days in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to order us to break the fast and forbade us to fast." Malik said: "They are the days of Tashriq."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1590No grade recorded
«مَنْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ مَا صَامَ وَمَا أَفْطَرَ» أَوْ «لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ»
✧ "Whoever fasts perpetually has neither fasted nor broken his fast," or "he has not fasted and has not broken his fast."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1591No grade recorded
قِيلَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ فُلَانًا لَا يُفْطِرُ نَهَارَ الدَّهْرِ قَالَ «لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ»
✧ It was said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, "So-and-so does not break his fast during the entire daytime forever." He said, "He has neither fasted nor broken his fast."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1592No grade recorded
«لَا تَصُومُوا يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ إِلَّا فِيمَا افْتُرِضَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَّا لِحَاءَ عِنَبَةٍ أَوْ عُودَ شَجَرَةٍ فَلْيَمْضُغْهَا»
✧ Do not fast on Saturday except what is obligatory upon you, and if one of you finds nothing but the bark of a grapevine or a twig of a tree, let him chew it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1593No grade recorded
أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ وَنَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ بَعَثُونِي إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ أَسْأَلُهَا عَنْ أَيِّ الْأَيَّامِ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَكْثَرَ لَهَا صِيَامًا؟ فَقَالَتْ يَوْمُ السَّبْتِ وَالْأَحَدِ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُمْ فَكَأَنَّهُمْ أَنْكَرُوا ذَلِكَ فَقَامُوا بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالُوا إِنَّا بَعَثْنَا إِلَيْكِ هَذَا فِي كَذَا وَكَذَا فَذَكَرَ أَنَّكِ قُلْتِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقَالَتْ صَدَقَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَكْثَرَ مَا كَانَ يَصُومُ مِنَ الْأَيَّامِ يَوْمُ السَّبْتِ وَالْأَحَدِ وَكَانَ يَقُولُ «إِنَّهُمَا يَوْمَا عِيدٍ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُخَالِفَهُمْ»
✧ He informed him that Ibn Abbas and some people from among the companions of the Messenger ﷺ sent me to Umm Salamah to ask her about which days the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fasted most with her. She said, "Saturday and Sunday." So I returned to them and informed them, and it was as if they rejected that. They all arose and went to her and said, "We sent this one to you about such-and-such, and he mentioned that you said such-and-such." She said, "He has spoken the truth. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fasted most often on Saturday and Sunday, and he used to say, 'They are two festival days for the polytheists, and I want to differ from them.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1594No grade recorded
جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ زَوْجِي صَفْوَانَ بْنَ الْمُعَطَّلِ يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ وَيُفَطِّرُنِي إِذَا صُمْتُ وَلَا يُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ قَالَ وَصَفْوَانُ عِنْدَهُ قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُ عَمَّا قَالَتْ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يَضْرِبُنِي إِذَا صَلَّيْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَقْرَأُ سُورَتَيْنِ نَهَيْتُهَا عَنْهُمَا وَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ سُورَةً وَاحِدَةً لَكَفَتِ النَّاسَ وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا يُفَطِّرُنِي إِذَا صُمْتُ فَإِنَّهَا تَنْطَلِقُ فَتَصُومُ وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ شَابٌّ فَلَا أَصْبِرُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ «لَا تَصُومُ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا» وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهَا بِأَنِّي لَا أُصَلِّي حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ فَإِنَّا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ قَدْ عُرِفَ لَنَا ذَاكَ لَا نَكَادُ نَسْتَيْقِظُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ قَالَ «فَإِذَا اسْتَيْقَظْتَ فَصَلِّ»
✧ A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ while we were with him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, my husband Safwan b. al-Mu'attal beats me when I pray, breaks my fast when I fast, and does not pray the dawn prayer until the sun rises." He said, and Safwan was with him. He said, "So he asked him about what she said." He said, "O Messenger of Allah, as for her saying that he beats me when I pray, she recites two surahs which I forbade her, and I said, 'If it were one surah, it would suffice the people.' As for her saying that he breaks my fast when I fast, she goes off and fasts, while I am a young man and cannot be patient." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on that day, "A woman is not to fast except with her husband's permission." And as for her saying that he does not pray until the sun rises, we are a household known for that; we hardly wake up until the sun rises. He said, "When you wake up, then pray."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1595No grade recorded
«يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ عِيدٌ فَلَا تَجْعَلُوا يَوْمَ عِيدِكُمْ يَوْمَ صِيَامِكُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَصُومُوا قَبْلَهُ أَوْ بَعْدَهُ»
✧ Friday is a festival, so do not make your festival day a day of fasting unless you fast before it or after it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1596No grade recorded
سَأَلْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ فَقُلْتُ أَسَأَلْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ؟ فَقَالَ أَنَا كُنْتُ أَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ عَنْهَا قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ أَفِي رَمَضَانَ أَوْ فِي غَيْرِهِ؟ قَالَ «بَلْ هِيَ فِي رَمَضَانَ» قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَكُونُ مَعَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مَا كَانُوا فَإِذَا قُبِضَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ رُفِعَتْ أَمْ هِيَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ؟ قَالَ «بَلْ هِيَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ» قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِي أَيِّ رَمَضَانَ هِيَ؟ قَالَ «الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأُوَلِ وَالْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ» قَالَ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحَدَّثَ فَاهْتَبَلْتُ غَفْلَتَهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فِي أَيِّ الْعِشْرِينَ؟ قَالَ «الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ لَا تَسْأَلُنِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدَهَا» ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحَدَّثَ فَاهْتَبَلْتُ غَفْلَتَهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ لَتُخْبِرَنِّي أَوْ لَمَا أَخْبَرَتْنِي فِي أَيِّ الْعَشْرِ هِيَ؟ قَالَ فَغَضِبَ عَلَيَّ غَضَبًا مَا غَضِبَ عَلَيَّ مِثْلَهُ قَبْلَهُ وَلَا بَعْدَهُ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَوْ شَاءَ لَأَطْلَعَكُمْ عَلَيْهَا الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي السَّبْعِ الْأَوَاخِرِ»
✧ I asked Abu Dharr, saying, "Did you ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the Night of Decree?" He said, "I was the one who asked people about it." He said, "I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, tell me about the Night of Decree. Is it in Ramadan or in other than it?' He said, 'Rather, it is in Ramadan.'" He said, "I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, will it be with the prophets as long as they exist, and when the prophets are taken, it is lifted, or is it until the Day of Resurrection?' He said, 'Rather, it is until the Day of Resurrection.'" He said, "Then I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, in which Ramadan is it?' He said, 'Seek it in the first ten and the last ten.'" He said, "Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ continued speaking and I seized a moment of his inattention and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, in which of the two tens?' He said, 'Seek it in the last ten; do not ask me about anything after that.'" Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ continued speaking and I seized a moment of his inattention and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I adjure you to tell me, or will you not tell me, in which ten it is?" He said, "He became angry with me with an anger like which he had never become angry with me before or after, and he said, 'If Allah willed, He would have made it known to you. Seek it in the last seven.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1597No grade recorded
حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ الزَّاهِدُ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَرَوَيْهِ الْمُؤَذِّنُ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ثنا عَاصِمُ بْنُ كُلَيْبٍ الْجَرْمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ يَدْعُونِي مَعَ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ وَيَقُولُ لِي لَا تَتَكَلَّمْ حَتَّى يَتَكَلَّمُوا قَالَ فَدَعَاهُمْ وَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ قَالَ أَرَأَيْتُمْ قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ أَيُّ لَيْلَةٍ تَرَوْنَهَا؟» قَالَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَيْلَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَقَالَ آخَرُ خَمْسٍ وَأَنَا سَاكِتٌ فَقَالَ مَا لَكَ لَا تَتَكَلَّمُ؟ فَقُلْتُ إِنْ أَذِنْتَ لِي يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَكَلَّمْتُ قَالَ فَقَالَ مَا أَرْسَلْتُ إِلَيْكَ إِلَّا لِتَتَكَلَّمَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ أُحَدِّثُكُمْ بِرَأْيِي؟ قَالَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ نَسْأَلُكَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ السَّبْعُ رَأَيْتُ اللَّهَ ذَكَرَ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَمَنَ الْأَرَضِينَ سَبْعًا وَخَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ سَبْعٍ وَبَرَزَ نَبْتُ الْأَرْضِ مِنْ سَبْعٍ قَالَ فَقَالَ هَذَا أَخْبَرَتْنِي مَا أَعْلَمُ أَرَأَيْتَ مَا لَا أَعْلَمُ مَا قَوْلُكَ نَبْتُ الْأَرْضَ مِنٍ سَبْعٍ؟ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ {شَقَقْنَا الْأَرْضَ شَقًّا} [عبس 26] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَفَاكِهَةً وَأَبًّا} [عبس 31] وَالْأَبُّ نَبْتُ الْأَرْضِ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُهُ الدَّوَابُّ وَلَا يَأْكُلُهُ النَّاسُ قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَعَجَزْتُمْ أَنْ تَقُولُوا كَمَا قَالَ هَذَا الْغُلَامُ الَّذِي لَمْ يَجْتَمِعْ شُئُونُ رَأْسِهِ بَعْدُ إِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا أَرَى الْقَوْلَ إِلَّا كَمَا قُلْتَ قَالَ وَقَالَ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَمَرْتُكَ أَنْ لَا تَتَكَلَّمَ حَتَّى يَتَكَلَّمُوا وَإِنِّي آمُرُكَ أَنْ تَتَكَلَّمَ مَعَهُمْ قَالَ ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ فَحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِمِثْلِهِ
✧ Abu al-Hasan Ahmad b. Abi Uthman al-Zahid narrated to me, Abu Abdullah Muhammad b. Barawayh al-Mu'adhdhin narrated to us, Yahya b. Yahya narrated to us, Abdullah b. Idris informed us, Asim b. Kulayb al-Jarmi narrated to us from his father from Ibn Abbas, who said: Umar b. al-Khattab used to invite me with the companions of Muhammad ﷺ and say to me, "Do not speak until they speak." He said, "So he invited them and asked them about the Night of Decree. He said, 'What do you think of the saying of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, "Seek it in the last ten"—which night do you think it is?'" He said, "Some of them said, 'The twenty-first night,' some said, 'The twenty-third night,' and another said, 'The twenty-fifth night,' while I was silent. He said, 'What is the matter with you that you do not speak?' I said, 'If you permit me, O Commander of the Faithful, I will speak.' He said, 'I did not send for you except that you speak.' I said, 'I will tell you my opinion.' He said, 'About that we ask you.' I said, 'The seventh. I see that Allah mentioned seven heavens, and of the earths seven, and created man from seven, and the plants of the earth emerge from seven.' He said, 'This has told me what I know. What do you think of what I do not know—what is your saying that the plants of the earth are from seven?' I said, 'Allah says: {We split the earth in clefts} [Abasa 26] until His saying {and fruit and pasture} [Abasa 31], and pasture is the plants of the earth from what the animals eat and people do not eat.' He said, 'Umar said, "Were you unable to say as this boy said, whose skull bones have not yet knit together? By Allah, I do not think the saying is other than what you said."' He said, "And he said, 'I had commanded you not to speak until they speak, and I now command you to speak with them.'" Ibn Idris said, "Abd al-Malik narrated to us from Said b. Jubayr from Ibn Abbas the like of it."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1598No grade recorded
ذَكَرْتُ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ عِنْدَ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ فَقَالَ «مَا أَنَا بِطَالِبِهَا إِلَّا فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ فِي تِسْعٍ أَوْ فِي سَبْعٍ يَبْقَيْنَ أَوْ خَمْسٍ يَبْقَيْنَ أَوْ فِي ثَلَاثٍ يَبْقَيْنَ أَوْ فِي آخِرِ لَيْلَةٍ» فَكَانَ لَا يُصَلِّي فِي الْعِشْرِينَ إِلَّا صَلَاتَهُ سَائِرَ السَّنَةِ فَإِذَا دَخَلَ الْعَشْرُ اجْتَهَدَ
✧ I mentioned the Night of Decree in the presence of Abu Bakrah, and he said, "I do not seek it except in the last ten: in the ninth or seventh remaining, or the fifth remaining, or the third remaining, or the last night." He used not to pray in the twenty nights except as he prayed throughout the rest of the year, but when the ten entered, he exerted himself.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1599No grade recorded
«الصَّائِمُ الْمُتَطَوِّعُ أَمِيرُ نَفْسِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ»
✧ The voluntary faster is the commander of himself: if he wishes, he fasts, and if he wishes, he breaks his fast.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1600No grade recorded
«الْمُتَطَوِّعُ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ»
✧ The one who fasts voluntarily has the choice: if he wishes, he fasts, and if he wishes, he breaks his fast.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1601No grade recorded
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَعْتَكِفُ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ عَامًا فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَامُ الْمُقْبِلُ اعْتَكَفَ عِشْرِينَ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to observe i'tikaf in the last ten of Ramadan, then he did not observe i'tikaf one year. When the next year came, he observed i'tikaf for twenty days.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1602No grade recorded
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَسَافَرَ عَامًا فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ وَاعْتَكَفَ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ used to observe i'tikaf in the last days of Ramadan, then he traveled one year and did not observe i'tikaf, and he observed i'tikaf for twenty nights in the following year.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1603No grade recorded
«لَيْسَ عَلَى الْمُعْتَكِفِ صِيَامٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يَجْعَلَهُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ»
✧ "There is no fasting required of the one performing i'tikaf unless he imposes it upon himself."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1604No grade recorded
أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ يَوْمًا فَسَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «اعْتَكِفْ وَصُمْ يَوْمًا» الْحَدِيثُ الثَّانِي
✧ that he should observe i'tikaf for a day. So he asked the Prophet ﷺ, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Observe i'tikaf and fast one day." The second hadith.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1605No grade recorded
«لَا اعْتِكَافَ إِلَّا بِصِيَامٍ»
✧ "There is no i'tikaf except with fasting."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1606No grade recorded
أَنَّهُ قَدْ وَضَعَ لِلشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ الَّذِي لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ الصِّيَامَ وَأَمَرَ أَنْ يُطْعِمَ الَّذِي يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ لَا يُطِيقُهُ
✧ that he had made a concession for the very old man who is not able to fast, and he ordered that he feed one who knows that he cannot bear it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1607No grade recorded
«رُخِّصَ لِلشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَيُطْعِمَ عَلَى كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِينًا وَلَا قَضَاءَ عَلَيْهِ»
✧ "The very old man has been given a concession to break the fast and to feed one poor person for each day, with no making up required of him."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1608No grade recorded
سَمِعْتُ النُّعْمَانَ بْنَ بَشِيرٍ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ حِمْصٍ يَقُولُ «قُمْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ لَيْلَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ إِلَى ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ ثُمَّ قُمْنَا مَعَهُ لَيْلَةَ خَمْسٍ وَعِشْرِينَ إِلَى نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ ثُمَّ قُمْنَا مَعَهُ لَيْلَةَ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ إِلَى نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ ثُمَّ قُمْنَا مَعَهُ لَيْلَةَ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنْ لَا نُدْرِكَ الْفَلَاحَ وَكُنَّا نُسَمِّيهَا الْفَلَاحَ وَأَنْتُمْ تُسَمُّونَ السَّحُورَ»
✧ I heard al-Nu'man b. Bashir on the pulpit of Hims saying, "We stood in prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the month of Ramadan on the night of the twenty-third until the first third of the night. Then we stood with him on the night of the twenty-fifth until half the night. Then we stood with him on the night of the twenty-seventh until half the night. Then we stood with him on the night of the twenty-seventh until we thought we would not attain al-falah. We used to call it al-falah, but you call it al-sahur."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1532No grade recorded
«إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَمَرَدَةُ الْجِنِّ وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجِنَانِ فَلَمْ يُغْلَقْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَنَادَى مُنَادٍ يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبِلْ وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ»
✧ "When the first night of Ramadan comes, the devils and the rebellious jinn are chained, the gates of the Fire are closed and not one of them is opened, the gates of Paradise are opened and not one of them is closed, and a caller cries out: 'O seeker of good, come forward; O seeker of evil, desist! And Allah has those freed from the Fire.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1533No grade recorded
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمَلٍ قَالَ «عَلَيْكَ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا عِدْلَ لَهُ»
✧ I said, "O Messenger of Allah, direct me to an action." He said, "You must fast, for there is nothing equal to it."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1534No grade recorded
إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنَّ يَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَيَأْمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ وَكَأَنَّهُ أَبْطَأَ بِهِنَّ فَأَتَاهُ عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَكَ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَتَأْمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ فَإِمَّا أَنْ تُخْبِرَهُمْ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُخْبِرَهُمْ قَالَ يَا أَخِي لَا تَفْعَلْ فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ إِنْ سَبَقْتَنِي بِهِنَّ أَنْ يُخْسَفَ بِي وَأُعَذَّبَ قَالَ فَجَمَعَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ حَتَّى امْتَلَأَ الْمَسْجِدُ وَقَعَدُوا عَلَى الشُّرُفَاتِ ثُمَّ خَطَبَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ أَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وآمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ أُولَاهُنَّ أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ مَنْ أَشْرَكَ بِاللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى عَبْدًا مِنْ خَالِصِ مَالِهِ بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ وَرِقٍ ثُمَّ أَسْكَنَهُ دَارًا فَقَالَ اعْمَلْ وَارْفَعْ إِلَيَّ فَجَعَلَ يَعْمَلُ وَيَرْفَعُ إِلَى غَيْرِ سَيِّدِهِ فَأَيُّكُمْ يَرْضَى أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدُهُ كَذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَكُمْ وَرَزَقَكُمْ فَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَإِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَلَا تَلْتَفِتُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُقْبِلُ بِوَجْهِهِ إِلَى وَجْهِ عَبْدِهِ مَا لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصِّيَامِ وَمَثَلُ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ فِي عِصَابَةٍ مَعَهُ صُرَّةُ مِسْكٍ كُلُّهُمْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَجِدَ رِيحَهَا وَإِنَّ رِيحَ الصِّيَامِ كَرِيحِ الْمِسْكِ وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ وَمَثَلُ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ أَسَرَهُ الْعَدُوُّ فَأَوْثَقُوا يَدَهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ وَقَرَّبُوهُ لِيَضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ هَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْ أَفْدِيَ نَفْسِي مِنْكُمْ وَجَعَلَ يُعْطِي الْقَلِيلَ وَالْكَثِيرَ حَتَّى فَدَى نَفْسَهُ وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ كَثِيرًا وَمَثَلُ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ طَلَبَهُ الْعَدُوُّ سِرَاعًا فِي أَثَرِهِ حَتَّى أَتَى حِصْنًا حَصِينًا فَأَحْرَزَ نَفْسَهُ فِيهِ وَكَذَلِكَ الْعَبْدُ لَا يَنْجُو مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ إِلَّا بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ
✧ Allah revealed to Yahya b. Zakariyya (peace be upon them both) five words to act upon and to command the Children of Israel to act upon, but it seemed he was slow in doing so. Isa ﷺ came to him and said, "Allah has commanded you with five words to act upon and to command the Children of Israel to act upon. Either you tell them, or I tell them." He said, "O my brother, do not do that, for I fear that if you precede me with them, the earth will swallow me and I will be punished." He said, "So he gathered the Children of Israel in Jerusalem until the mosque was full, and they sat on the balconies. Then he addressed them, saying, 'Allah has revealed to me five words: that I act upon them and command the Children of Israel to act upon them. The first of them: do not associate anything with Allah. The likeness of one who associates with Allah is like a man who bought a slave with his pure wealth, gold or silver, then lodged him in a house and said, "Work and bring the earnings to me." But the slave worked and brought the earnings to other than his master. Which of you would be pleased to have his slave do that? Allah created you and provided for you, so do not associate anything with Him. When you stand for prayer, do not turn away, for Allah faces His servant as long as he does not turn away. He commanded you to fast, and the likeness of that is like a man in a group with a pouch of musk: all of them love to find its fragrance. The fragrance of fasting is like the fragrance of musk. He commanded you to give charity, and the likeness of that is like a man captured by the enemy; they tied his hand to his neck and brought him forward to strike his neck. He kept saying, "Will you let me ransom myself from you?" And he gave little and much until he ransomed himself. He commanded you to remember Allah much, and the likeness of remembering Allah is like a man whom the enemy pursued swiftly in his tracks until he reached a fortified fortress and secured himself in it. Likewise, the servant does not escape from Satan except by the remembrance of Allah.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1535No grade recorded
«إِنَّ لِلصَّائِمِ عِنْدَ فِطْرِهِ دَعْوَةً اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ الَّتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ أَنْ تَغْفِرَ لِي ذُنُوبِي»
✧ "The fasting person has a supplication at the time of breaking the fast: 'O Allah, I ask You by Your mercy that encompasses all things to forgive my sins.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1536No grade recorded
وَقَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ «ذَهَبَ الظَّمَأُ وَابْتَلَّتِ الْعُرُوقُ وَثَبَتَ الْأَجْرُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ»
✧ He said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ broke his fast, he said, "Thirst is gone, the veins are moistened, and the reward is established, if Allah wills."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1537No grade recorded
«الطَّاعِمُ الشَّاكِرُ مِثْلُ الصَّائِمِ الصَّابِرِ»
✧ "The thankful eater is like the patient faster."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1538No grade recorded
كُنَّا فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ وَافْتَدَى بِطَعَامِ مِسْكِينٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ {فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ} [البقرة 185] الْآيَةَ
✧ We were in Ramadan during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: whoever wished fasted, and whoever wished broke the fast and ransomed with food for a poor person, until the verse was revealed: {So whoever of you witnesses the month, let him fast it} [al-Baqarah 185]—the verse.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1539No grade recorded
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَ الْأَهِلَّةَ مَوَاقِيتَ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَصُومُوا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ الْأَشْهُرَ لَا تَزِيدُ عَلَى ثَلَاثِينَ»
✧ "Allah has made the crescent moons as markers of time. So when you see it, fast, and when you see it, break the fast. If it is obscured for you, then estimate for it. And know that the months do not exceed thirty."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1540No grade recorded
سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ هِلَالِ شَعْبَانَ مَا لَا يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِرُؤْيَةِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عَدَّ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ صَامَ»
✧ I heard A'ishah say: 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pay more attention to the crescent of Sha'ban than to any other, then he would fast upon seeing the crescent of Ramadan; if it was obscured from him, he would count thirty days and then fast.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1541No grade recorded
تَرَاءَى النَّاسُ الْهِلَالَ فَأَخْبَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ «فَصَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَمَرَ النَّاسَ بِالصِّيَامِ» صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ مُسْلِمٍ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ
✧ The people sighted the crescent, and I informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that I had seen it. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fasted and commanded the people to fast. It is authentic according to the conditions of Muslim, but they did not include it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1542No grade recorded
كُنَّا عِنْدَ عَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ فَأَمَرَ بِشَاةٍ مَصْلِيَّةٍ فَقَالَ «كُلُوا» فَتَنَحَّى بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ عَمَّارٌ «مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمَ الشَّكِّ فَقَدْ عَصَى أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ ﷺ»
✧ We were with 'Ammar b. Yasir when he ordered a roasted sheep and said, 'Eat.' Some of the people held back, and one of them said, 'I am fasting.' 'Ammar said, 'Whoever fasts on the day of doubt has disobeyed Abu al-Qasim ﷺ.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1543No grade recorded
جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ الْهِلَالَ يَعْنِي هِلَالَ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «أَتَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «أَتَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «يَا بِلَالُ أَذِّنْ فِي النَّاسِ أَنْ يَصُومُوا غَدًا» تَابَعَهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ
✧ A bedouin came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'I have seen the crescent,' meaning the crescent of Ramadan. He said, 'Do you bear witness that there is no god but Allah?' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Do you bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'O Bilal, announce to the people that they should fast tomorrow.' Sufyan al-Thawri and Hammad b. Salama followed him in narrating it from Simak b. Harb.