22. Inheritance
Sunan ad-Darimi 2892Sahih
«تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَاللَّحْنَ وَالسُّنَنَ كَمَا تَعَلَّمُونَ الْقُرْآنَ»
✧ “Learn the obligatory shares of inheritance, the art of grammatical errors, and the Sunnahs, just as you learn the Quran.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2893No grade recorded
«تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ دِينِكُمْ»
✧ “Learn the obligatory shares of inheritance, for they are part of your religion.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2894Sahih
«لَوْ هَلَكَ عُثْمَانُ وَزَيْدٌ فِي بَعْضِ الزَّمَانِ لَهَلَكَ عِلْمُ الْفَرَائِضِ لَقَدْ أَتَى عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ وَمَا يَعْلَمُهَا غَيْرُهُمَا»
✧ “If Uthman and Zayd were to perish in some age, the knowledge of the obligatory shares of inheritance would perish. Indeed, a time came upon the people when none knew it except those two.”
«تَعَلَّمُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَالْفَرَائِضَ فَإِنَّهُ يُوشِكُ أَنْ يَفْتَقِرَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى عِلْمٍ كَانَ يَعْلَمُهُ أَوْ يَبْقَى فِي قَوْمٍ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ»
✧ “Learn the Quran and the obligatory shares of inheritance, for it is near that a man will become poor in respect to knowledge he used to know, or he will remain among a people who do not know.”
«مَنْ عَلِمَ الْقُرْآنَ وَلَمْ يَعْلَمِ الْفَرَائِضَ فَإِنَّ مَثَلَهُ مَثَلُ الْبُرْنُسِ لَا وَجْهَ لَهُ أَوْ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَجْهٌ»
✧ “Whoever knows the Quran but does not know the obligatory shares of inheritance, his likeness is that of a burnus with no face—or it has no face.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2897Sahih
مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ قَالَ «أَمِتْ جِيرَانَكَ»
✧ He said, “I do not know what you are asking me about.” He said, “Kill your neighbors.”
«تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَالطَّلَاقَ وَالْحَجَّ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ دِينِكُمْ»
✧ “Learn the obligatory shares of inheritance, divorce, and Hajj, for they are part of your religion.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2899Sahih
«كَانُوا يُرَغِّبُونَ فِي تَعْلِيمِ الْقُرْآنِ وَالْفَرَائِضِ وَالْمَنَاسِكِ»
✧ They used to encourage the teaching of the Qur'an, the obligatory shares of inheritance, and the rites of Hajj.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2900No grade recorded
مَنْ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ فَلْيَتَعَلَّمِ الْفَرَائِضَ فَإِنْ لَقِيَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ قَالَ يَا مُهَاجِرُ أَتَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ تَفْرِضُ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَهُوَ زِيَادَةٌ وَخَيْرٌ وَإِنْ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَمَا فَضْلُكَ عَلَيَّ يَا مُهَاجِرُ
✧ "Whoever reads the Quran, let him learn the obligations, for if he meets an Arab, and the Arab asks, 'Do you read the Quran?' If he says 'Yes,' then he asks, 'Do you fulfill the obligations?' If he says 'Yes,' then it is something additional and good. But if he says 'No,' then the Arab asks, 'What is your superiority over me, O emigrant?'"
Sunan ad-Darimi 2901Sahih
سَأَلْنَا مَسْرُوقًا كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تُحْسِنُ الْفَرَائِضَ؟ قَالَ «وَالَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْأَكَابِرَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ مُحَمَّدٍ يَسْأَلُونَهَا عَنِ الْفَرَائِضِ»
✧ We asked Masruq: Was A'ishah proficient in the obligatory shares of inheritance? He said: "By the One besides whom there is no god, I saw the senior companions of Muhammad ﷺ asking her about the obligatory shares of inheritance."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2902Sahih
«مَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ أَبِيهِ فَالْجَنَّةُ عَلَيْهِ حَرَامٌ»
✧ Whoever claims descent from other than his father, knowing that he is not his father, Paradise is forbidden for him.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2903Sahih
«كُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ ادِّعَاءٌ إِلَى نَسَبٍ لَا يُعْرَفُ وَكُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ تَبَرُّؤٌ مِنْ نَسَبٍ وَإِنْ دَقَّ»
✧ Claiming a lineage that is not known is disbelief in Allah, and disavowing a lineage, even if it is distant, is disbelief in Allah.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2904Sahih
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا وَائِلٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ نَحْوًا مِنْهُ
✧ I heard Abu Wa'il narrating from Ibn Mas'ud something similar to it.
أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لِأُبَايِعَهُ فَجِئْتُ وَقَدْ قُبِضَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمٌ فِي مَقَامِهِ فَأَطَالَ الثَّنَاءَ وَأَكْثَرَ الْبُكَاءَ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «كُفْرٌ بِاللَّهِ انْتِفَاءٌ مِنْ نَسَبٍ وَإِنْ دَقَّ وَادِّعَاءُ نَسَبٍ لَا يُعْرَفُ»
✧ I came to the Prophet ﷺ to pledge allegiance to him, but I arrived after he had passed away, and Abu Bakr was standing in his place. He prolonged the praise and wept profusely, then said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Disavowing a lineage, even if it is distant, is disbelief in Allah, and claiming a lineage that is not known is disbelief in Allah."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2906Sahih
«أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ وَالِدِهِ أَوْ تَوَلَّى غَيْرَ مَوَالِيهِ الَّذِينَ أَعْتَقُوهُ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ»
✧ Any man who claims descent from other than his father, or allies himself with other than his patrons who freed him, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people until the Day of Resurrection. Neither an obligatory act nor a supererogatory act will be accepted from him.
كَانَ عُمَرُ إِذَا سَلَكَ بِنَا طَرِيقًا وَجَدْنَاهُ سَهْلًا وَإِنَّهُ قَالَ فِي زَوْجٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ «لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ»
✧ Whenever Umar took us along a path, we found it easy. He said regarding a husband and two parents: "The husband receives half, and the mother receives one-third of what remains."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2908Sahih
رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَأَبَوَيْهِ؟ فَقَالَ «قَسَّمَهَا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ»
✧ A man who left behind his wife and his parents? He said: "Zayd b. Thabit divided it into four parts."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2909Sahih
فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ «لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ»
✧ Regarding a woman and two parents: "The woman receives one-fourth, and the mother receives one-third of what remains."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2910Sahih
لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ سَهْمٌ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ سَهْمٌ وَلِلْأَبِ سَهْمَانِ
✧ The woman receives one-fourth: one share out of four; the mother receives one-third of what remains: one share; and the father receives two shares.
أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ الْحَارِثَ الْأَعْوَرَ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ عُثْمَانَ
✧ He asked al-Harith al-A'war about a woman and two parents, and he gave an answer similar to the saying of Uthman.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2912Sahih
فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَأَبَوَيْهَا «لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ»
✧ Regarding a woman who left behind her husband and her two parents: “For the husband is half, and for the mother is one-third of what remains.”
فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ قَالَ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعُ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأَبِ
✧ Regarding a woman and two parents, he said: “From four shares: for the woman is one-fourth, for the mother is one-third of what remains, and what remains is for the father.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2914Sahih
كَانَ عُمَرُ «إِذَا سَلَكَ بِنَا طَرِيقًا اتَّبَعْنَاهُ فِيهِ وَجَدْنَاهُ سَهْلًا وَإِنَّهُ قَضَى فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ فَأَعْطَى الْمَرْأَةَ الرُّبُعَ وَالْأُمَّ ثُلُثَ مَا بَقِيَ وَالْأَبَ سَهْمَيْنِ»
✧ Umar, when he took us along a path, we would follow him in it, and we found it easy. He ruled concerning a woman and two parents from four shares: he gave the woman one-fourth, the mother one-third of what remained, and the father two shares.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2915Sahih
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عِيسَى عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ
✧ Muhammad b. Yusuf narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from Isa, from al-Sha'bi, from Zayd b. Thabit, something similar to that.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2916No grade recorded
مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيَرَانِي أَنْ أُفَضِّلَ أُمًّا عَلَى أَبٍ
✧ Allah would not see me favor a mother over a father.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2917Sahih
أَرْسَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ أَتَجِدُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ لِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ؟ فَقَالَ زَيْدٌ «إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ رَجُلٌ تَقُولُ بِرَأْيِكَ وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ أَقُولُ بِرَأْيِي»
✧ Ibn Abbas sent to Zayd b. Thabit: “Do you find in the Book of Allah for the mother one-third of what remains?” Zayd said: “You are only a man who speaks according to his opinion, and I am a man who speaks according to my opinion.”
فِي زَوْجٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ «لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأَبِ»
✧ "From Ibn Abbas, they said about a husband and parents: 'The husband is entitled to half of the wealth, while the mother is entitled to one-third of the total wealth, and whatever is left belongs to the father.'"
«لِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ وَفِي زَوْجٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ»
✧ “For the mother is one-third of the entire estate in the case of a woman and two parents, and in the case of a husband and two parents.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2920No grade recorded
خَالَفَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَهْلَ الْقِبْلَةِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ جَعَلَ لِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ
✧ Ibn Abbas opposed the people of the Qiblah concerning a woman and two parents: he gave the mother one-third of the entire estate.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2921Sahih
«قَضَى مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ بِالْيَمَنِ فِي بِنْتٍ وَأُخْتٍ فَأَعْطَى الْبِنْتَ النِّصْفَ وَالْأُخْتَ النِّصْفَ»
✧ Mu'adh ibn Jabal decided in Yemen in favor of a girl and a sister, so he gave half to the girl and half to the sister.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2922Sahih
أَنَّ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ كَانَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْأُخْتَ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ مَعَ الْبِنْتِ حَتَّى حَدَّثَهُ الْأَسْوَدُ «أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ جَعَلَ لِلْبِنْتِ النِّصْفَ وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفَ» فَقَالَ «أَنْتَ رَسُولِي إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ فَأَخْبِرْهُ بِذَاكَ» وَكَانَ قَاضِيَهُ بِالْكُوفَةِ
✧ Ibn al-Zubayr did not give inheritance to a full sister along with a daughter until al-Aswad narrated to him that Mu'adh b. Jabal gave the daughter half and the sister half. He said: “You are my messenger to Abdullah b. Utbah, so inform him of that.” He was his judge in Kufah.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2923Sahih
رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ بِنْتًا وَأُخْتًا؟ فَقَالَ «لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ وَلِأُخْتِهِ مَا بَقِيَ»
✧ A man who left behind a daughter and a sister? He said: “For his daughter is half, and for his sister is what remains.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2924Sahih
فِي زَوْجٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأُمٍّ؟ قَالَ كَانَ عُمَرُ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَزَيْدٌ يُشَرِّكُونَ وَقَالَ عُمَرُ «لَمْ يَزِدْهُمُ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا»
✧ Regarding a husband, a mother, full siblings, and maternal siblings? He said: Umar, Abdullah, and Zayd used to make them partners. Umar said: “The father only increased them in closeness.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2925No grade recorded
«أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يُشَرِّكُ»
✧ “He used not to make them partners.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2926Sahih
«أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ
✧ that Uthman used to make [them] partners
Sunan ad-Darimi 2927Sahih
«أَنَّ زَيْدًا كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ»
✧ that Zayd used to make [them] partners
Sunan ad-Darimi 2928No grade recorded
«أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ»
✧ that he used to make [them] partners
أَنَّ عُمَرَ قَالَ فِي الْمُشَرَّكَةِ «لَمْ يَزِدْهُمُ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا»
✧ Umar said regarding al-musharraka, "The father only increased them in closeness."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2930No grade recorded
أُتِيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فِي فَرِيضَةِ بَنِي عَمٍّ أَحَدُهُمْ أَخٌ لِأُمٍّ فَقَالَ الْمَالُ أَجْمَعُ لِأَخِيهِ لِأُمِّهِ فَأَنْزَلَهُ بِحِسَابِ أَوْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَخِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِقَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ يَرْحَمُهُ اللَّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَفَقِيهًا أَمَّا أَنَا فَلَمْ أَكُنْ لِأَزِيدَهُ عَلَى مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَهُ سَهْمٌ السُّدُسُ ثُمَّ يُقَاسِمُهُمْ كَرَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ
✧ Abdullah came concerning the obligation of the half-brothers from the mother's side. He said that all the property belongs to his brother, his mother's son, so he distributed it to him according to the share of a full brother from the father's side and the mother's side. When Ali arrived, I asked him about it and informed him of Abdullah's statement. He said, "May Allah have mercy on him. If he was a jurist, then perhaps I would have increased his share beyond what Allah had prescribed for him, which is one-sixth. Then he would have divided it among them like a man from among them."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2931Hasan
أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ فِي ابْنَيْ عَمٍّ أَحَدُهُمَا أَخٌ لِأُمٍّ فَقِيلَ لِعَلِيٍّ إِنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ كَانَ يُعْطِيهِ الْمَالَ كُلَّهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ «إِنْ كَانَ لَفَقِيهًا وَلَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا أَعْطَيْتُهُ السُّدُسَ وَمَا بَقِيَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ»
✧ A case was brought to him concerning two paternal cousins, one of whom was a maternal brother. It was said to Ali, "Ibn Mas'ud used to give him all the wealth." Ali said, "Indeed he was a jurist. Had it been me, I would have given him the sixth and whatever remained would be between them."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2932Sahih
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ وَإِلَى سَلْمَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ فَسَأَلَهُمَا عَنْ بِنْتٍ وَبِنْتِ ابْنٍ وَأُخْتٍ لِأُمٍّ وَأَبٍ فَقَالَا لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ وَأْتِ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُتَابِعُنَا فَجَاءَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ ضَلَلْتُ إِذًا وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُهْتَدِينَ وَإِنِّي أَقْضِي بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَلِابْنَةِ الِابْنِ السُّدُسُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ»
✧ A man came to Abu Musa al-Ash'ari and Salman b. Rabi'a and asked them about a daughter, a son's daughter, and a full sister. They said, "For the daughter is half, and what remains is for the sister. Go to Ibn Mas'ud, for he will agree with us." The man came to Abdullah and asked him about that. He said, "I would then be astray and not of the rightly guided. I judge by what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ judged: for the daughter half, for the son's daughter a sixth, and what remains is for the sister."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2933Sahih
أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ وَأَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ لِلْأَخَوَاتِ لِلْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَانِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلذُّكُورِ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ فَقَدِمَ مَسْرُوقٌ الْمَدِينَةَ فَسَمِعَ قَوْلَ زَيْدٍ فِيهَا فَأَعْجَبَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ أَتَتْرُكُ قَوْلَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ إِنِّي أَتَيْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ مِنَ الرَّاسِخِينَ فِي الْعِلْمِ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي شِهَابٍ وَكَيْفَ قَالَ زَيْدٌ فِيهَا؟ قَالَ «شَرَّكَ بَيْنَهُمْ»
✧ He used to say concerning full sisters and half-brothers and half-sisters through the father: for the full sisters two-thirds, and what remains is for the males without the females. Masruq came to Madinah and heard the statement of Zayd concerning it, and it pleased him. One of his companions said to him, "Will you abandon the statement of Abdullah?" He said, "I came to Madinah and found Zayd b. Thabit among those firmly grounded in knowledge." Ahmad said: I said to Abu Shihab, "How did Zayd rule concerning it?" He said, "He made them partners."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2934Sahih
ذَكَرْنَا عِنْدَ حَكِيمِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ فِي أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ وَأَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ «أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُعْطِي الْأَخَوَاتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلذُّكُورِ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ» فَقَالَ حَكِيمٌ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ «هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَنْ يَرِثَ الرِّجَالُ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ إِنَّ إِخْوَتَهُنَّ قَدْ رُدُّوا عَلَيْهِنَّ»
✧ We mentioned in the presence of Hakim b. Jabir that Ibn Mas'ud said concerning full sisters and half-brothers and half-sisters through the father: "He used to give the full sisters two-thirds, and what remained was for the males without the females." Hakim said: Zayd b. Thabit said, "This is from the practice of the pre-Islamic era, that men inherit instead of women. Indeed their brothers are returned to them."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2935Sahih
أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تُشَرِّكُ بَيْنَ ابْنَتَيْنِ وَابْنَةِ ابْنٍ وَابْنِ ابْنٍ تُعْطِي الِابْنَتَيْنِ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَشَرِكتُهُمْ
✧ She used to make partners between two daughters, a son's daughter, and a son's son, giving the two daughters two-thirds, and whatever remained she made them partners in.
كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي بِنْتٍ وَبَنَاتِ ابْنٍ وَابْنِ ابْنٍ «إِنْ كَانَتِ الْمُقَاسَمَةُ بَيْنَهُمْ أَقَلَّ مِنَ السُّدُسِ أَعْطَاهُمُ السُّدُسَ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ السُّدُسِ أَعْطَاهُمُ السُّدُسَ»
✧ He used to say concerning a daughter, son's daughters, and a son's son, "If the division between them is less than a sixth, he gives them a sixth; and if it is more than a sixth, he gives them a sixth."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2937Sahih
أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلْقَمَةُ هَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَثْبَتُ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ لَا وَلَكِنِّي «رَأَيْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ وَأَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ يُشَرِّكُونَ فِي ابْنَتَيْنِ وَبِنْتِ ابْنٍ وَابْنِ ابْنٍ وَأُخْتَيْنِ»
✧ He used to make [them] partners. Alqama said to him, "Is any of them more reliable than Abdullah?" He said, "No, but I saw Zayd b. Thabit and the people of Madinah making partners in two daughters, a son's daughter, a son's son, and two sisters."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2938Sahih
«فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَأُمَّهَا وَأُخْتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا وَأُخْتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَإِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا جَعَلَهَا مِنْ سِتَّةٍ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا فَبَلَغَتْ عَشَرَةً لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَلِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ سَهْمٌ وَلِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ سَهْمَانِ وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ سَهْمٌ تَكْمِلَةُ الثُّلُثَيْنِ»
✧ Concerning a woman who left her husband, her mother, her full sister, her paternal half-sister, and her maternal siblings: he made it from six, then raised it until it reached ten. For the husband is half: three shares; for the full sister is half: three shares; for the mother is a sixth: one share; for the maternal siblings is a third: two shares; and for the paternal half-sister is one share to complete the two-thirds.
أَنَّ عَلِيًّا وَزَيْدًا «كَانَا لَا يَحْجُبَانِ بِالْكُفَّارِ وَلَا بِالْمَمْلُوكِينَ وَلَا يُوَرِّثَانِهِمْ شَيْئًا» وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ «يَحْجُبُ بِالْكُفَّارِ وَبِالْمَمْلُوكِينَ وَلَا يُوَرِّثُهُمْ»
✧ Ali and Zaid used to not be hindered by the disbelievers or the slaves, and they would not inherit anything from them. Abdullah, on the other hand, would be hindered by the disbelievers and the slaves, and he would not inherit anything from them.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2940Sahih
أَنَّ عَلِيًّا وَزَيْدًا قَالَا «الْمَمْلُوكُونَ وَأَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ لَا يَحْجُبُونَ وَلَا يَرِثُونَ» وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ «يَحْجُبُونَ وَلَا يَرِثُونَ»
✧ That ʿAlī and Zayd said: “The mamluks and the People of the Book do not veil and do not inherit.” And ʿAbdullāh said: “They veil and do not inherit.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2941Sahih
أَنَّ عُمَرَ كَانَ كَتَبَ مِيرَاثَ الْجَدِّ حَتَّى إِذَا طُعِنَ دَعَا بِهِ فَمَحَاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ «سَتَرَوْنَ رَأْيَكُمْ فِيهِ»
✧ That ʿUmar had written down the inheritance of the grandfather until when he was stabbed, he called for it and erased it. Then he said: “You will see your own opinion regarding it.”
حَدِّثْنِي عَنِ الْجَدِّ فَقَالَ «إِنِّي لَأَحْفَظُ فِي الْجَدِّ ثَمَانِينَ قَضِيَّةً مُخْتَلِفَةً»
✧ "I manage eighty different cases in seriousness."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2943Accepted
أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ فَرِيضَةٍ فَقَالَ «إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهَا جَدٌّ فَهَاتِهَا»
✧ A man came to him and asked him about an obligatory share, so he said: “If there is no grandfather in it, then bring it.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2944No grade recorded
«مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَتَقَحَّمَ جَرَاثِيمَ جَهَنَّمَ فَلْيَقْضِ بَيْنَ الْجَدِّ وَالْإِخْوَةِ»
✧ “Whoever would like to plunge into the depths of Hell, let him judge between the grandfather and the brothers.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2945No grade recorded
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ
✧ From Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2946Accepted
«أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا»
✧ “That Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq made the grandfather a father.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2947No grade recorded
أَنَّ أَبا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ «جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا»
✧ That Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq “made the grandfather a father.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2948No grade recorded
«أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا»
✧ “That Abū Bakr made the grandfather a father.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2949No grade recorded
أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ «كَانَ يَجْعَلُ الْجَدَّ أَبًا»
✧ That Abū Bakr “used to make the grandfather a father.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2950Accepted
أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ كَانَ يَجْعَلُ الْجَدَّ أَبًا
✧ That Abū Bakr used to make the grandfather a father.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2951Sahih
لَقِيتُ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ يَا ابْنَ أَبِي مُوسَى أَلَمْ أُخْبَرْ أَنَّ الْجَدَّ لَا يُنَزَّلُ فِيكُمْ مَنْزِلَةَ الْأَبِ وَأَنْتَ لَا تُنْكِرُ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ وَلَوْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ لَمْ تُنْكِرْ قَالَ مَرْوَانُ فَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ «أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ دُونَهُ أَبٌ»
✧ "Indeed, a grandfather does not hold the same position as a father in your eyes, and you do not deny." He (the interrogator) said, "I said, even if you were (the father), you would not deny." Marwan said, "I bear witness regarding Uthman bin Affan that he testified regarding Abu Bakr that he made the grandfather (as) a father when there is no father."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2952Sahih
أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ «كَانَ يَجْعَلُ الْجَدَّ أَبًا»
✧ That Abū Bakr “used to make the grandfather a father.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2953Sahih
جَعَلَهُ الَّذِي قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَوْ كُنْتُ مُتَّخِذًا أَحَدًا خَلِيلًا لَاتَّخَذْتُهُ خَلِيلًا وَلَكِنْ أُخُوَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ أَفْضَلُ» يَعْنِي «أَبَا بَكْرٍ جَعَلَهُ أَبًا» يَعْنِي الْجَدَّ
✧ He made him the one whom the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “If I were to take anyone as a close friend, I would have taken him as a close friend, but the brotherhood of Islam is better”—meaning “Abū Bakr”—he made him a father, meaning the grandfather.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2954Sahih
جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا»
✧ He made the grandfather a father."
«إِنَّ الْجَدَّ قَدْ مَضَتْ سُنَّتُهُ وَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا وَلَكِنَّ النَّاسَ تَخَيَّرُوا»
✧ "Indeed, the grandfather's established practice has passed, and indeed Abu Bakr made the grandfather a father, but the people chose otherwise."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2956Accepted
«إِنَّ أَوَّلَ جَدٍّ وَرِثَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ عُمَرُ»
✧ "Indeed, the first grandfather to inherit in Islam was Umar."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2957Sahih
إِنَّ أَوَّلَ جَدٍّ وَرِثَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ عُمَرُ فَأَخَذَ مَالَهُ فَأَتَاهُ عَلِيٌّ وَزَيْدٌ فَقَالَا «لَيْسَ لَكَ ذَاكَ إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ كَأَحَدِ الْأَخَوَيْنِ»
✧ Indeed, the first grandfather to inherit in Islam was Umar. He took his wealth, then Ali and Zayd came to him and said, "You do not have that; you are only like one of the two brothers."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2958No grade recorded
«كَانَ عُمَرُ يُقَاسِمُ بِالْجَدِّ مَعَ الْأَخِ وَالْأَخَوَيْنِ فَإِذَا زَادُوا أَعْطَاهُ الثُّلُثَ وَكَانَ يُعْطِيهِ مَعَ الْوَلَدِ السُّدُسَ»
✧ "Umar used to divide the estate with the grandfather along with one brother or two brothers; when they increased, he gave him one-third, and he used to give him one-sixth along with a child."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2959Accepted
أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَمَّا طُعِنَ اسْتَشَارَهُمْ فِي الْجَدِّ فَقَالَ «إِنِّي كُنْتُ رَأَيْتُ فِي الْجَدِّ رَأْيًا فَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمْ أَنْ تَتَّبِعُوهُ فَاتَّبِعُوهُ» فَقَالَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ إِنْ نَتَّبِعْ رَأْيَكَ فَإِنَّهُ رَشَدٌ وَإِنْ نَتَّبِعْ رَأْيَ الشَّيْخِ فَلَنِعْمَ ذُو الرَّأْيِ كَانَ
✧ When Umar b. al-Khattab was stabbed, he consulted them regarding the grandfather. He said, "I had formed an opinion concerning the grandfather, so if you see fit to follow it, then follow it." Uthman said to him, "If we follow your opinion, it is sound; and if we follow the opinion of the elder (Abu Bakr), then what a fine man of opinion he was."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2960Accepted
كَتَبَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بِالْبَصْرَةِ إِنِّي أُتِيتُ بِجَدٍّ وَسِتَّةِ إِخْوَةٍ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَلِيٌّ «أَنْ أَعْطِ الْجَدَّ سُدُسًا وَلَا تُعْطِهِ أَحَدًا بَعْدَهُ»
✧ Ibn Abbas wrote to Ali while Ibn Abbas was in Basra: I have been brought a case of a grandfather and six brothers. Ali wrote to him: "Give the grandfather one-sixth, and do not give him anything after that."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2961Sahih
فِي سِتَّةِ إِخْوَةٍ وَجَدٍّ قَالَ «أَعْطِ الْجَدَّ السُّدُسَ»
✧ Regarding six brothers and a grandfather, he said: "Give the grandfather one-sixth."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2962Hasan
أَنَّ عَلِيًّا «كَانَ يَجْعَلُ الْجَدَّ أَخًا مَتََى يَكُونَ سَادِسًا»
✧ Ali used to consider seriousness as a sixth sense.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2963Sahih
أَنَّ عَلِيًّا «كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ الْجَدَّ مَعَ الْإِخْوَةِ إِلَى السُّدُسِ»
✧ Ali "used to make the grandfather share with the brothers up to one-sixth."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2964Hasan
«كَانَ عَلِيٌّ يُشَرِّكُ بَيْنَ الْجَدِّ وَالْإِخْوَةِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ سَادِسًا»
✧ "Ali used to make the grandfather share with the brothers until he would be a sixth."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2965Sahih
«كَانَ عَلِيٌّ يُشَرِّكُ الْجَدَّ إِلَى سِتَّةٍ مَعَ الْإِخْوَةِ يُعْطِي كُلَّ صَاحِبِ فَرِيضَةٍ فَرِيضَتَهُ وَلَا يُوَرِّثُ أَخًا لِأُمٍّ مَعَ جَدٍّ وَلَا أُخْتًا لِأُمٍّ وَلَا يَزِيدُ الْجَدَّ مَعَ الْوَلَدِ عَلَى السُّدُسِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ غَيْرُهُ وَلَا يُقَاسِمُ بِأَخٍ لِأَبٍ مَعَ أَخٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ أُخْتٌ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَأَخٌ لِأَبٍ أَعْطَى الْأُخْتَ النِّصْفَ وَالنِّصْفَ الْآخَرَ بَيْنَ الْجَدِّ وَالْأَخِ نِصْفَيْنِ وَإِذَا كَانُوا إِخْوَةً وَأَخَوَاتٍ شَرَّكَهُمْ مَعَ الْجَدِّ إِلَى السُّدُسِ»
✧ "Ali used to make the grandfather share up to six along with the brothers, giving each entitled heir his share, and he would not allow an uterine brother to inherit along with a grandfather, nor an uterine sister. He would not increase the grandfather's share beyond one-sixth along with a child unless there was someone else, and he would not divide with a paternal brother along with a full brother. When there was a full sister and a paternal brother, he would give the sister half and the remaining half between the grandfather and the brother in equal halves. When there were brothers and sisters, he would make them share with the grandfather up to one-sixth."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2966No grade recorded
سُئِلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ الْجَدِّ؟ فَقَالَ «أَيُّ أَبٍ لَكَ أَكْبَرُ؟» فَقُلْتُ أَنَا آدَمُ قَالَ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْ إِلَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى {يَا بَنِي آدَمَ}
✧ Ibn Abbas was asked about the grandfather. He said, "Which father of yours is greater?" I said, "Adam." He said, "Have you not heard the words of Allah, Exalted is He: {O children of Adam}"
«لَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي وَالَّذِينَ يُخَالِفُونَنِي فِي الْجَدِّ تَلَاعَنَّا أَيُّنَا أَسْوَأُ قَوْلًا»
✧ I wish that I and those who disagree with me regarding the grandfather would invoke mutual curses as to which of us is worse in speech.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2968Sahih
«أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ الْجَدَّ أَبًا»
✧ He made the grandfather a father.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2969Sahih
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى شُرَيْحٍ وَعِنْدَهُ عَامِرٌ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فِي فَرِيضَةِ امْرَأَةٍ مِنَّا الْعَالِيَةِ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَأُمَّهَا وَأَخَاهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَجَدَّهَا فَقَالَ لِي هَلْ مِنْ أُخْتٍ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ لِلْبَعْلِ الشَّطْرُ وَلِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ قَالَ فَجَهِدْتُ عَلَى أَنْ يُجِيبَنِي فَلَمْ يُجِبْنِي إِلَّا بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَعَامِرٌ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَا جَاءَ أَحَدٌ بِفَرِيضَةٍ أَعْضَلَ مِنْ فَرِيضَةٍ جِئْتَ بِهَا قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ عَبِيدَةَ السَّلْمَانِيَّ وَكَانَ يُقَالُ لَيْسَ بِالْكُوفَةِ أَحَدٌ أَعْلَمَ بِفَرِيضَةٍ مِنْ عَبِيدَةَ وَالْحَارِثِ الْأَعْوَرِ وَكَانَ عَبِيدَةُ يَجْلِسُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِذَا وَرَدَتْ عَلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَرِيضَةٌ فِيهَا جَدٌّ رَفَعَهُمْ إِلَى عَبِيدَةَ فَفَرَضَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ نَبَّأْتُكُمْ بِفَرِيضَةِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فِي هَذَا «جَعَلَ لِلزَّوْجِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَسْهُمٍ النِّصْفَ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثُ مَا بَقِيَ السُّدُسُ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْمَالِ وَلِلْأَخِ سَهْمٌ وَلِلْجَدِّ سَهْمٌ» قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ «الْجَدُّ أَبُو الْأَبِ»
✧ Do I have any sisters? I said no. He said that the husband's share is a half and the mother's share is a third. He said, "So I tried my best to answer me and he did not answer me except by that." Ibrahim and 'Amir and 'Abdul-Rahman ibn 'Abdullah said, "No one has ever come with a obligation more confusing than the obligation you came with." He said, "So I came to 'Ubaidah As-Salmani and it was said that no one in Kufa knows more about a obligation than 'Ubaidah and Al-Harith Al-A'war. 'Ubaidah used to sit in the mosque, and when Shurayh came with an obligation that had a difficulty, he would refer it to 'Ubaidah, and he would give a ruling. So I asked him and he said, "If you want, I can tell you about the obligation of Abdullah ibn Mas'ood in this matter. He said, "For the husband, there are three shares, half for the wife, a third for the mother, and a sixth of the remaining capital for the father-in-law." Abu Ishaq said, "The father-in-law is the grandfather."
أَنَّ زَيْدًا «كَانَ يُشَرِّكُ الْجَدَّ مَعَ الْإِخْوَةِ إِلَى الثُّلُثِ»
✧ Zaid used to make the grandfather a sharer with the siblings up to one-third.
«أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُقَاسِمُ بِالْجَدِّ مَعَ الْإِخْوَةِ إِلَى الثُّلُثِ ثُمَّ لَا يُنْقِصُهُ»
✧ He used to divide with the grandfather along with the siblings up to one-third, then he would not diminish him.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2972Sahih
«خُذْ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَدِّ مَا اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ»
✧ Take concerning the matter of the grandfather what the people have agreed upon.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2973Sahih
أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ قَالَ فِي أُخْتٍ وَأُمٍّ وَزَوْجٍ وَجَدٍّ قَالَ جَعَلَهَا مِنْ سَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ لِلْأُمِّ سِتَّةٌ وَلِلزَّوْجِ تِسْعَةٌ وَلِلْجَدِّ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَلِلْأُخْتِ أَرْبَعَةٌ
✧ Zaid b. Thabit said regarding a sister, mother, husband, and grandfather: he made it from twenty-seven: to the mother six, to the husband nine, to the grandfather eight, and to the sister four.
«إِنَّ أَوَّلَ جَدَّةٍ أُطْعِمَتْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ سَهْمًا أَمُّ أَبٍ وَابْنُهَا حَيٌّ»
✧ The first grandmother to be given a share in Islam was the father's mother while her son was alive.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «أَطْعَمَ جَدَّةً سُدُسًا»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ gave a grandmother one-sixth.
أَنَّ عُمَرَ «وَرَّثَ جَدَّةً مَعَ ابْنِهَا»
✧ It means: "Umar inherited a grandmother with her son."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2977No grade recorded
«أَطْعَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثَ جَدَّاتٍ سُدُسًا» قَالَ قُلْتُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ مَنْ هُنَّهْ؟ قَالَ جَدَّتَاكَ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَبِيكَ وَجَدَّتُكَ مِنْ قِبَلِ أُمِّكَ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave three grandmothers one-sixth. He said: I said to Ibrahim: Who are they? He said: Your two grandmothers on your father's side and your grandmother on your mother's side.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2978Sahih
«تَرِثُ الْجَدَّةُ وَابْنُهَا حَيٌّ»
✧ The grandmother inherits while her son is alive.
Sunan ad-Darimi 2979Sahih
«لَا تَرِثُ أُمُّ أَبِ الْأُمِّ ابْنُهَا الَّذِي تُدْلِي بِهِ لَا يَرِثُ فَكَيْفَ تَرِثُ هِيَ؟»
✧ The mother of the father of the mother does not inherit; her son through whom she is connected does not inherit, so how could she inherit?
Sunan ad-Darimi 2980Sahih
«تَرِثُ الْجَدَّةُ وَابْنُهَا حَيٌّ»
✧ The grandmother inherits while her son is alive.
جَاءَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ جَدَّةٌ أُمُّ أَبٍ أَوْ أُمُّ أُمٍّ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ ابْنَ ابْنِي أَوِ ابْنَ ابْنَتِي تُوُفِّيَ وَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّ لِي نَصِيبًا فَمَا لِي؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِيهَا شَيْئًا وَسَأَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ فقَالَ أَيُّكُمْ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي الْجَدَّةِ شَيْئًا؟ فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ أَنَا قَالَ مَاذَا؟ قَالَ «أَعْطَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُدُسًا» قَالَ أَيَعْلَمُ ذَاكَ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُكَ؟ فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ صَدَقَ فَأَعْطَاهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ السُّدُسَ فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى عُمَرَ مِثْلُهَا فَقَالَ مَا أَدْرِي مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيهَا شَيْئًا وَسَأَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ فَحَدَّثُوهُ بِحَدِيثِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ «أَيُّكُمَا خَلَتْ بِهِ فَلَهَا السُّدُسُ فَإِنِ اجْتَمَعْتُمَا فَهُوَ بَيْنَكُمَا»
✧ A grandmother, the mother of a father or the mother of a mother, came to Abu Bakr and said, “The son of my son, or the son of my daughter, has died, and I have heard that I have a share. So what is for me?” Abu Bakr said, “I have not heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say anything about her, and I will ask the people.” When he prayed Zuhr, he said, “Which of you heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say anything about the grandmother?” Al-Mughirah b. Shu'bah said, “I did.” He said, “What?” He said, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her a sixth.” He said, “Does anyone other than you know that?” Muhammad b. Maslamah said, “He has spoken the truth.” So Abu Bakr gave her the sixth. Then a similar case came to Umar, and he said, “I do not know; I have not heard anything from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about her, and I will ask the people.” They told him the hadith of al-Mughirah b. Shu'bah and Muhammad b. Maslamah. Umar said, “Whichever of you two she is alone with, she gets the sixth; but if you both come together, it is between you.”
«إِذَا كَانَتِ الْجَدَّاتُ سَوَاءً وَرِثَ ثَلَاثُ جَدَّاتٍ جَدَّتَا أَبِيهِ أُمُّ أُمِّهِ وَأُمُّ أَبِيهِ وَجَدَّةُ أُمِّهِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ إِحَدَاهُنَّ أَقْرَبَ فَالسَّهْمُ لِذَوِي الْقُرْبَى»
✧ “When the grandmothers are equal, three grandmothers inherit: the two grandmothers of his father—the mother of his mother and the mother of his father—and the grandmother of his mother. But if one of them is closer, the share belongs to the nearest of kin.”
«أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا لَا يُوَرِّثَانِ الْجَدَّةَ أُمَّ الْأَبِ مَعَ الْأَبِ»
✧ “They both did not allow the grandmother, the mother of the father, to inherit along with the father.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2984Sahih
أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ «كَانَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْجَدَّةَ وَابْنُهَا حَيٌّ»
✧ That Uthman “did not allow the grandmother to inherit while her son was alive.”
«إِنَّ الْجَدَّاتِ لَيْسَ لَهُنَّ مِيرَاثٌ إِنَّمَا هِيَ طُعْمَةٌ أُطْعِمْنَهَا وَالْجَدَّاتُ أَقْرَبُهُنَّ وَأَبْعَدُهُنَّ سَوَاءٌ»
✧ “Grandmothers have no inheritance; it is only a provision given to them. The nearest and the farthest of grandmothers are equal.”
«تَرِثُ الْجَدَّةُ وَابْنُهَا حَيٌّ»
✧ “The grandmother inherits while her son is alive.”
جِئْنَ أَرْبَعُ جَدَّاتٍ يَتَسَاوَقْنَ إِلَى مَسْرُوقٍ فَأَلْغَى أَمَّ أَبِي الْأُمِّ وَوَرَّثَ ثَلَاثًا جَدَّتَيْ أَبِيهِ أُمَّ أُمِّهِ وَأُمَّ أَبِيهِ وَجَدَّةَ أُمِّهِ
✧ Four grandmothers came racing to Masruq, and he set aside the mother of the father of the mother and allowed three to inherit: the two grandmothers of his father—the mother of his mother and the mother of his father—and the grandmother of his mother.
فِي ابْنَةٍ وَابْنَةِ ابْنٍ قَالَ «النِّصْفُ وَالسُّدُسُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَرَدٌّ عَلَى الْبِنْتِ»
✧ Regarding a daughter and a son's daughter, he said: “A half and a sixth, and what remains is returned to the daughter.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2989Sahih
أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ فِي إِخْوَةٍ لِأُمٍّ وَأُمٍّ فَأَعْطَى الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَ وَالْأُمَّ سَائِرَ الْمَالِ وَقَالَ «الْأُمُّ عَصَبَةُ مَنْ لَا عَصَبَةَ لَهُ»
✧ That he was asked about maternal siblings and a mother, so he gave the maternal siblings a third and the mother the rest of the wealth, and he said: “The mother is the residuary heir of one who has no residuary heir.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2990Sahih
عَنْ رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ لَا يُعْلَمُ وَارِثٌ غَيْرُهَا قَالَ «لَهَا الْمَالُ كُلُّهُ»
✧ About a man who died and left his daughter, with no heir known other than her, he said: “She gets all the wealth.”
أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ «كَانَ لَا يَرُدُّ عَلَى أَخٍ لِأُمٍّ مَعَ أُمٍّ وَلَا عَلَى جَدَّةٍ إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهَا غَيْرُهَا مِمَّنْ لَهُ فَرِيضَةٌ وَلَا عَلَى ابْنَةِ ابْنٍ مَعَ ابْنَةِ الصُّلْبِ وَلَا عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ وَزَوْجٍ» وَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ يَرُدُّ عَلَى كُلِّ ذِي سَهْمٍ إِلَّا الْمَرْأَةَ وَالزَّوْجَ
✧ Ibn Mas'ud “did not return to a maternal brother along with a mother, nor to a grandmother when there was with her someone else entitled to a fixed share, nor to a son's daughter along with a full daughter, nor to a wife and husband.” Ali used to return to every holder of a fixed share except the wife and the husband.
«أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ فِي ابْنَةٍ أَوْ أُخْتٍ فَأَعْطَاهَا النِّصْفَ وَجَعَلَ مَا بَقِيَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ»
✧ “That he was asked about a daughter or a sister, so he gave her a half and placed what remained in the public treasury.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 2993No grade recorded
فِي ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ قَالَ «مِيرَاثُهُ لِأُمِّهِ»
✧ About the cursed son, he said: "His inheritance belongs to his mother."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2994Sahih
سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ عَطَاءَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَنْ وَلَدِ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ لِمَنْ مِيرَاثُهُ؟ قَالَ «لِأُمِّهِ وَأَهْلِهَا»
✧ I heard a man ask 'Ata' b. Abi Rabah about the child of two who cursed each other: To whom does his inheritance belong? He said: "To his mother and her family."
فِي ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ «تَرَكَ أَخَاهُ لِأُمِّهِ وَأُمَّهُ لِأَخِيهِ السُّدُسُ وَلِأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ عَلَيْهِمَا فَيَصِيرُ لِلْأَخِ الثُّلُثُ وَلِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَانِ» وقَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ «لِأَخِيهِ السُّدُسُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُمِّ»
✧ About the cursed son: "If he leaves a maternal brother and his mother, the brother gets one-sixth and the mother one-third, then the remainder is returned to them, so the brother gets one-third and the mother two-thirds." Ibn Mas'ud said: "The brother gets one-sixth and whatever remains goes to the mother."
فِي ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ تَرَكَ ابْنَ أَخٍ وَجَدًّا قَالَ «الْمَالُ لِابْنِ الْأَخِ»
✧ About the cursed son who leaves a paternal nephew and a grandfather, he said: "The wealth belongs to the paternal nephew."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2997Hasan
فِي مِيرَاثِ ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ «لِأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثَانِ لِبَيْتِ الْمَالِ»
✧ About the inheritance of the cursed son: "His mother gets one-third and two-thirds go to the public treasury."
«مِيرَاثُهُ لِأُمِّهِ تَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ عَصَبَةُ أُمِّهِ»
✧ "His inheritance belongs to his mother; the agnates of his mother pay blood money on his behalf."
Sunan ad-Darimi 2999No grade recorded
فِي وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةٍ تَرَكَ جَدَّتَهُ وَإِخْوَتَهُ لِأُمِّهِ قَالَ «لِلْجَدَّةِ الثُّلُثُ وَلِلْإِخْوَةِ الثُّلُثَانِ» وقَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ «لِلْجَدَّةِ السُّدُسُ وَلِلْإِخْوَةِ لِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِبَيْتِ الْمَالِ»
✧ About the child of a woman who was cursed by her husband, who leaves his grandmother and his maternal brothers: He said: "The grandmother gets one-third and the brothers get two-thirds." Zayd b. Thabit said: "The grandmother gets one-sixth, the maternal brothers get one-third, and whatever remains goes to the public treasury."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3000Sahih
«تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ» يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ
✧ "His mother inherits him," meaning the cursed son.
«تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ»
✧ "His mother inherits him."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3002Sahih
كَتَبْتُ إِلَى أَخٍ لِي مِنْ بَنِي زُرَيْقٍ أَسْأَلُهُ لِمَنْ قَضَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ؟ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيَّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «قَضَى بِهِ لِأُمِّهِ هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أُمِّهِ وَأَبِيهِ» وقَالَ سُفْيَانُ «الْمَالُ كُلُّهُ لِلْأُمِّ هِيَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ»
✧ I wrote to a brother of mine from Banu Zurayq asking him: To whom did the Prophet ﷺ rule for the cursed son? He wrote back to me that the Prophet ﷺ "ruled it for his mother; she is in the position of both his mother and his father." Sufyan said: "All the wealth belongs to the mother; she is in the position of his father and mother."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3003Sahih
فِي ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ تَرَكَ أُمَّهُ وَعَصَبَةَ أُمِّهِ قَالَ «الثُّلُثُ لِأُمِّهِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِعَصَبَةِ أُمِّهِ»
✧ About the cursed son who leaves his mother and his mother's agnates, he said: "One-third belongs to his mother and whatever remains goes to his mother's agnates."
فِي ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ قَالَا «عَصَبَتُهُ عَصَبَةُ أُمِّهِ»
✧ About the cursed son, they both said: "His agnates are his mother's agnates."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3005Accepted
«مِيرَاثُ وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ لِأُمِّهِ» قُلْتُ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ أَخٌ مِنْ أُمِّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَهُ السُّدُسُ»
✧ “The inheritance of the child of a cursed (li‘ān) mother belongs to his mother.” I said, “What if he has a brother from his mother?” He said, “He gets one-sixth.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3006Sahih
«وَلَدُ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ لِأُمِّهِ تَرِثُ فَرِيضَتَهَا مِنْهُ وَسَائِرُ ذَلِكَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ»
✧ “The child of a cursed (li‘ān) mother belongs to his mother: she inherits her prescribed share from him, and the rest goes to the public treasury.”
إِذَا تَلَاعَنَا فُرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَمْ يَجْتَمِعَا وَدُعِيَ الْوَلَدُ لِأُمِّهِ يُقَالُ ابْنُ فُلَانَةَ هِيَ عَصَبَتُهُ يَرِثُهَا وَتَرِثُهُ وَمَنْ دَعَاهُ لِزِنْيَةٍ جُلِدَ
✧ “When they curse each other (li‘ān), they are separated and never reunited, and the child is attributed to his mother: he is called ‘son of So-and-so,’ she is his ‘aṣaba (residuary heir); she inherits from him and he inherits from her. Whoever attributes him to adultery is flogged.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3008Sahih
فِي وَلَدِ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ «أَنَّهُ تَرِثُهُ عَصَبَةُ أُمِّهِ وَهُمْ يَعْقِلُونَ عَنْهُ»
✧ Concerning the child of two who have cursed each other (li‘ān): “His mother’s ‘aṣaba inherit from him, and they pay his blood-money on his behalf.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3009Sahih
فِي وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ هُوَ الَّذِي لَا أَبَ لَهُ «تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ وَإِخْوَتُهُ مِنْ أُمِّهِ وَعَصَبَةُ أُمِّهِ فَإِنْ قَذَفَهُ قَاذِفٌ جُلِدَ قَاذِفُهُ»
✧ Concerning the child of a cursed (li‘ān) mother – he is the one who has no father – “his mother inherits from him, as do his brothers from his mother, and his mother’s ‘aṣaba. If someone slanders him, the slanderer is flogged.”
أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ مِيرَاثِ وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ لِمَنْ هُوَ؟ قَالَ «جَعَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِأُمِّهِ فِي سَبَبِهِ لِمَا لَقِيَتْ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ وَلِإِخْوَتِهِ مِنْ أُمِّهِ»
✧ He was asked about the inheritance of the child of a cursed (li‘ān) mother: to whom does it belong? He said, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ assigned it to his mother, because of the affliction she suffered, and to his brothers from his mother.”
أَنَّ قَوْمًا اخْتَصَمُوا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي وَلَدِ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ فَجَاءَ عَصَبَةُ أَبِيهِ يَطْلُبُونَ مِيرَاثَهُ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ أَبَاهُ كَانَ تَبَرَّأَ مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ لَكُمْ مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ شَيْءٌ» فَقَضَى بِمِيرَاثِهِ لِأُمِّهِ وَجَعَلَهَا عَصَبَتَهُ
✧ Some people brought a dispute before ‘Alī ؓ concerning the child of two who had cursed each other (li‘ān). His father’s ‘aṣaba came seeking his inheritance. He said, “His father had disowned him, so you have no right to any of his inheritance.” He ruled that his inheritance belonged to his mother, and made her his ‘aṣaba.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3012No grade recorded
فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ مَا لِلرَّجُلِ وَمَا لِلْمَرْأَةِ مِنْ أَيِّهِمَا يُوَرَّثُ؟ فَقَالَ «مِنْ أَيِّهِمَا بَالَ»
✧ Concerning a person who has both male and female organs: from which of them is he to be given inheritance? He said, “From whichever of them he urinates.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3013No grade recorded
فِي الْخُنْثَى قَالَ «يُوَرَّثُ مِنْ قِبَلِ مَبَالِهِ»
✧ Concerning the hermaphrodite (khunthā): he said, “He is given inheritance according to the organ from which he urinates.”
سُئِلَ عَامِرٌ عَنْ مَوْلُودٍ وُلِدَ وَلَيْسَ بِذَكَرٍ وَلَا أُنْثَى لَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلذَّكَرِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَا لِلْأُنْثَى يُخْرِجُ مِنْ سُرَّتِهِ كَهَيْئَةِ الْبَوْلِ وَالْغَائِطِ سُئِلَ عَنْ مِيرَاثِهِ فَقَالَ «نِصْفُ حَظِّ الذَّكَرِ وَنِصْفُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَى»
✧ ‘Āmir was asked about a newborn who is neither male nor female, who has neither male nor female organs, and who excretes urine and feces from his navel. He was asked about his inheritance. He said, “Half the share of a male and half the share of a female.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3015No grade recorded
سُئِلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنِ الْكَلَالَةِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَأَقُولُ فِيهَا بِرَأْيِي فَإِنْ كَانَ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ أُرَاهُ مَا خَلَا الْوَالِدَ وَالْوَلَدَ فَلَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ عُمَرُ قَالَ «إِنِّي لَأَسْتَحْيِي اللَّهَ أَنْ أَرُدَّ شَيْئًا قَالَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ»
✧ Abū Bakr was asked about kalāla. He said, “I will state my own opinion about it. If it is correct, it is from Allah; if it is wrong, it is from me and from Satan. I think it means anyone other than the parent and the child.” When ‘Umar became caliph, he said, “I would be ashamed before Allah to reject anything that Abū Bakr said.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3016Sahih
«مَا أَعْضَلَ بِأَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ شَيْءٌ مَا أَعْضَلَتْ بِهِمُ الْكَلَالَةُ»
✧ “Nothing ever perplexed the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as much as kalāla perplexed them.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3017Sahih
الْكَلَالَةُ مَا خَلَا الْوَالِدَ وَالْوَلَدَ
✧ Al-kalalati is anyone other than the parent and the child.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3018Sahih
أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَإِنْ كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُورَثُ كَلَالَةً} [النساء 12] أَوِ امْرَأَةٌ وَلَهُ أَخٌ أَوْ أُخْتٌ قَالَ سَعْدٌ لِأُمٍّ
✧ He used to recite this verse: “And if a man or a woman is inherited by a kalalah, and he has a brother or a sister” [al-Nisaʾ 12] — Saʿd said: “to a mother.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3019No grade recorded
«أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ الْتَمَسَ مَنْ يَرِثُ ابْنَ الدَّحْدَاحَةِ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ وَارِثًا فَدَفَعَ مَالَ ابْنِ الدَّحْدَاحَةِ إِلَى أَخْوَالِ ابْنِ الدَّحْدَاحَةِ»
✧ ʿUmar b. al-Khattab sought someone to inherit Ibn al-Dahdahah but found no heir, so he gave the wealth of Ibn al-Dahdahah to the maternal uncles of Ibn al-Dahdahah.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3020No grade recorded
«اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ»
✧ Allah and His Messenger are the patron of one who has no patron, and the maternal uncle is the heir of one who has no heir.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3021Accepted
«أُتِيَ عُمَرُ فِي عَمٍّ لِأُمٍّ وَخَالَةٍ فَأَعْطَى الْعَمَّ لِلْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَأَعْطَى الْخَالَةَ الثُّلُثَ»
✧ ʿUmar was brought a case concerning a maternal uncle through the mother and a maternal aunt, and he gave the maternal uncle through the mother two thirds and gave the maternal aunt one third.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3022Sahih
«أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَعْطَى الْخَالَةَ الثُّلُثَ وَالْعَمَّةَ الثُّلُثَيْنِ»
✧ ʿUmar b. al-Khattab gave the maternal aunt one third and the paternal aunt two thirds.
قَالَ أُتِيَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ فِي خَالَةٍ وَعَمَّةٍ فَقَامَ شَيْخٌ فَقَالَ «شَهِدْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَعْطَى الْخَالَةَ الثُّلُثَ وَالْعَمَّةَ الثُّلُثَيْنِ» قَالَ فَهَمَّ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ بِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَيْنَ زَيْدٌ عَنْ هَذَا
✧ He said: ʿAbd al-Malik b. Marwan was brought a case concerning a maternal aunt and a paternal aunt, and an old man stood up and said: “I witnessed ʿUmar b. al-Khattab give the maternal aunt one third and the paternal aunt two thirds.” He said: He was about to write according to that, then he said: “Where is Zayd on this?”
«الْخَالَةُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأُمِّ وَالْعَمَّةُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَبِ وَبِنْتُ الْأَخِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَخِ وَكُلُّ ذي رَحِمٍ بِمَنْزِلَةِ رَحِمِهِ الَّتِي يُدْلِي بِهَا إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ وَارِثٌ ذُو قَرَابَةٍ»
✧ "The aunt is in the position of the mother, and the uncle is in the position of the father, and the niece is in the position of the sibling, and every relative is in the position of the womb, by which he asserts his rights if he is not an inheritor with close kinship."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3025Sahih
«أَنَّ عُمَرَ قَضَى فِي أَهْلِ طَاعُونِ عَمَوَاسَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا إِذَا كَانُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأَبِ سَوَاءً فَبَنُو الْأُمِّ أَحَقُّ وَإِذَا كَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَقْرَبَ مِنْ بَعْضٍ بِأَبٍ فَهُمْ أَحَقُّ بِالْمَالِ»
✧ ʿUmar ruled concerning the people of the plague of ʿAmawas that if they were equal from the father's side, then the children of the mother are more entitled, and if some of them were closer to others through a father, then they are more entitled to the wealth.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3026Accepted
أُصِيبَ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ فَبَلَغَ مِيرَاثُهُ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ «احْبِسُوهَا عَلَى أُمِّهِ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ عَلَى آخِرِهَا»
✧ Salim, the mawla of Abu Hudhayfah, was struck on the day of al-Yamamah, and his inheritance amounted to two hundred dirhams. ʿUmar said: “Hold it back for his mother until she consumes it all.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3027Hasan
«الْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأُمِّ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ بَنِي الْعَلَّاتِ يَرِثُ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ دُونَ أَخِيهِ لِأَبِيهِ»
✧ Brothers through the mother inherit from one another, to the exclusion of half-brothers through the father: a man inherits from his full brother, to the exclusion of his half-brother through the father.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3028Sahih
قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلًا تَرَكَ ابْنَ ابْنَتِهِ أَيَرِثُهُ؟ قَالَ «لَا»
Muhammad bin Ja'far narrated to us, from Shu'bah, from Amr bin Murrah who said: "I asked Abu Ubaidah bin Abdullah: 'Did you remember anything from Abdullah?' He said, 'No'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 624)
Sunan ad-Darimi 3029No grade recorded
«الْأُمُّ عَصَبَةُ مَنْ لَا عَصَبَةَ لَهُ وَالْأُخْتُ عَصَبَةُ مَنْ لَا عَصَبَةَ لَهُ»
✧ The mother is the ʿasabah of one who has no ʿasabah, and the sister is the ʿasabah of one who has no ʿasabah.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3030Sahih
«أَلْحِقُوا الْفَرَائِضَ بِأَهْلِهَا فَمَا بَقِيَ فَهُوَ لِأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ»
The Prophet ﷺ said, "Give the Fara'id (the shares of the inheritance that are prescribed in the Qur'an) to those who are entitled to receive it. Then whatever remains, should be given to the closest male relative of the deceased." (Using translation from Bukhārī 6732)
Sunan ad-Darimi 3031Accepted
أَنَّ عَمَّةً لَهُ تُوُفِّيَتْ يَهُودِيَّةً بِالْيَمَنِ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ «يَرِثُهَا أَقْرَبُ النَّاسِ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ دِينِهَا»
✧ A paternal aunt of his died as a Jew in Yemen, and he mentioned that to ʿUmar b. al-Khattab, who said: “The closest of the people to her from among the people of her religion inherits from her.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3032Sahih
مَاتَتْ عَمَّةُ الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ وَهِيَ يَهُودِيَّةٌ فَأَتَى عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ «أَهْلُ دِينِهَا يَرِثُونَهَا»
✧ The paternal aunt of al-Ash'ath b. Qays died while she was a Jew. He went to Umar b. al-Khattab, and he said, "The people of her religion inherit from her."
«أَهْلُ الشِّرْكِ لَا نَرِثُهُمْ وَلَا يَرِثُونَا»
Umar ibn Al-Khattab said, "Those who associate partners with God, we do not inherit from them nor do they inherit from us."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3034No grade recorded
«لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ دِينَيْنِ»
✧ "The people of two different religions do not inherit from one another."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3035No grade recorded
«لَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ»
✧ "The people of two different communities do not inherit from one another."
«لَا نَرِثُ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ وَلَا يَرِثُونَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَمُوتَ لِلرَّجُلِ عَبْدُهُ أَوْ أَمَتُهُ»
✧ "We do not inherit from the People of the Book, nor do they inherit from us, except that a man inherits from his male slave or his female slave when they die."
«لَا نَرِثُ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ وَلَا يَرِثُونَا إِلَّا الرَّجُلُ يَرِثُ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ»
✧ "We do not inherit from the People of the Book, nor do they inherit from us, except that a man inherits from his male slave or his female slave."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3038No grade recorded
«كَانَ مُعَاوِيَةُ يُوَرِّثُ الْمُسْلِمَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِ وَلَا يُوَرِّثُ الْكَافِرَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِ»
✧ "Mu'awiyah used to allow a Muslim to inherit from a disbeliever, but he did not allow a disbeliever to inherit from a Muslim."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3039Sahih
أَنَّ الْمُعْزِلَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ تُوُفِّيَتْ بِالْيَمَنِ وَهِيَ يَهُودِيَّةٌ فَرَكِبَ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ وَكَانَتْ عَمَّتَهُ إِلَى عُمَرَ فِي مِيرَاثِهَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ «لَيْسَ ذَاكَ لَكَ يَرِثُهَا أَقْرَبُ النَّاسِ مِنْهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ دِينِهَا لَا يَتَوَارَثُ مِلَّتَانِ»
✧ Al-Mu'zilah bt. al-Harith died in Yemen while she was a Jew. Al-Ash'ath b. Qays, who was her paternal nephew, rode to Umar concerning her inheritance. Umar said, "That is not for you. The closest of people to her from the people of her religion inherit from her. Two communities do not inherit from one another."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3040No grade recorded
«لَا يَتَوَارَثُ مِلَّتَانِ شَتَّى وَلَا يَحْجُبُ مَنْ لَا يَرِثُ»
✧ "Two separate communities do not inherit from one another, and one who does not inherit does not block others from inheriting."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3041Sahih
«لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ»
✧ "A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, nor does a disbeliever inherit from a Muslim."
«إِذَا مَاتَ الْمَيِّتُ وَجَبَتِ الْحُقُوقُ لِأَهْلِهَا وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِمَنْ أَسْلَمَ أَوْ أُعْتِقَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْسَمَ الْمِيرَاثُ شَيْئًا»
✧ "When the deceased dies, the rights become due to their rightful owners, and nothing is given to one who accepted Islam or was manumitted before the inheritance is divided."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3043Sahih
«لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ»
✧ "A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, nor does a disbeliever inherit from a Muslim."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3044Sahih
«لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ»
✧ "A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, nor does a disbeliever inherit from a Muslim."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3045Sahih
«لَيْسَ لِلْمُكَاتَبِ مِيرَاثٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ»
✧ "The mukatab has no inheritance as long as any of his kitabah remains upon him."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3046Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ لَهُ بَنُونَ قَدْ أَعْتَقَ مِنْ بَعْضِهِمُ النِّصْفَ وَمِنْ بَعْضِهِمُ الثُّلُثَ وَمِنْ بَعْضٍ الرُّبُعَ قَالَ «لَا يَرِثُونَ حَتَّى يُعْتَقُوا»
✧ About a man who has sons and he freed half of some of them, a third of some of them, and a quarter of some. He said, "They do not inherit until they are fully freed."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3047Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى ابْنَهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ قَالَ «إِنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ وَرِثَهُ وَإِنْ وَقَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ السِّعَايَةُ لَمْ يَرِثْ»
✧ About a man who bought his son during his illness. He said, "If it comes out of the third, he inherits from him; but if the si'ayah is imposed on him, he does not inherit."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3048Sahih
«حَدُّ الْمُكَاتَبِ حَدُّ الْمَمْلُوكِ حَتَّى يُعْتَقَ»
✧ "The hadd of the mukatab is the hadd of a slave until he is freed."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3049Sahih
«الْمَوْلَى أَخٌ فِي الدِّينِ وَنِعْمَةٌ وَأَحَقُّ النَّاسِ بِمِيرَاثِهِ أَقْرَبُهُمْ مِنَ الْمُعْتِقِ»
✧ "The mawla is a brother in religion and a blessing, and the most entitled of people to his inheritance is the closest of them to the one who freed him."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3050Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكًا ثُمَّ مَاتَ الْمَوْلَى وَالْمَمْلُوكُ وَتَرَكَ الْمُعْتِقُ أَبَاهُ وَابْنَهُ قَالَا «الْمَالُ لِلِابْنِ»
✧ About a man who freed a slave, then the mawla and the slave died, and the one who freed left his father and his son. They both said, "The wealth belongs to the son."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3051Hasan
فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ أَبَاهُ وَابْنَ ابْنِهِ فَقَالَ «الْوَلَاءُ لِابْنِ الِابْنِ»
✧ About a man who left his father and his son's son. He said, "The wala' belongs to the son's son."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3052Hasan
أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَعْتَقَتْ عَبْدًا لَهَا ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَتْ وَتَرَكَتِ ابْنَهَا وَأَخَاهَا ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ مَوْلَاهَا فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ ابْنُ الْمَرْأَةِ وَأَخُوهَا فِي ميراثه فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مِيرَاثُهُ لِابْنِ الْمَرْأَةِ» فَقَالَ أَخُوهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنَّهُ جَرَّ جَرِيرَةً عَلَى مَنْ كَانَتْ؟ قَالَ «عَلَيْكَ»
✧ A woman freed a slave of hers, then she died and left her son and her brother; then her mawla died. The woman's son and her brother came to the Prophet ﷺ about his inheritance. The Prophet ﷺ said, "His inheritance belongs to the woman's son." Her brother said, "O Messenger of Allah, if he had committed a grave offense, upon whom would it be?" He said, "Upon you."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3053Sahih
سَأَلْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكًا لَهُ فَمَاتَ وَمَاتَ الْمَوْلَى وَتَرَكَ الْمُعْتِقُ أَبَاهُ وَابْنَهُ فَقَالَ «لِأَبِيهِ كَذَا وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِابْنِهِ»
✧ I asked Ibrahim about a man who freed a slave of his, then the slave died and the mawla died, and the one who freed left his father and his son. He said, "To his father such-and-such, and what remains is for his son."
«هُوَ لِلِابْنِ»
✧ "It belongs to the son."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ فَرَأَى رَجُلًا يُبَاعُ فَأَتَاهُ فَسَاوَمَ بِهِ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ فَرَآهُ رَجُلٌ فَاشْتَرَاهُ فَأَعْتَقَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ بِهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُ هَذَا فَأَعْتَقْتُهُ فَمَا تَرَى فِيهِ؟ فَقَالَ «هُوَ أَخُوكَ وَمَوْلَاكَ» قَالَ مَا تَرَى فِي صُحْبَتِهِ؟ فَقَالَ «إِنْ شَكَرَكَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَهُ وَشَرٌّ لَكَ وَإِنْ كَفَرَكَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ وَشَرٌّ لَهُ» قَالَ مَا تَرَى فِي مَالِهِ؟ قَالَ «إِنْ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ عَصَبَةً فَأَنْتَ وَارِثُهُ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ went out to al-Baqi' and saw a man being sold. He came to him and bargained for him, then left him. Another man saw him, bought him, and freed him. Then he brought him to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "I bought this man and freed him, so what do you think about him?" He said, "He is your brother and your mawla." He said, "What do you think about his companionship?" He said, "If he is grateful to you, it is good for him and bad for you; and if he is ungrateful to you, it is good for you and bad for him." He said, "What do you think about his wealth?" He said, "If he dies and leaves no 'asabah, then you are his heir."
أَنَّ ابْنَةَ حَمْزَةَ أَعْتَقَتْ عَبْدًا لَهَا فَمَاتَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَمَوْلَاتَهُ بِنْتَ حَمْزَةَ «فَقَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِيرَاثَهُ بَيْنَ ابْنَتِهِ وَمَوْلَاتِهِ بِنْتِ حَمْزَةَ نِصْفَيْنِ»
✧ The daughter of Hamzah freed a slave of hers, then he died and left his daughter and his mawlat, the daughter of Hamzah. "So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided his inheritance between his daughter and his mawlat, the daughter of Hamzah, into two halves."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3057Sahih
«قَاضَيْتُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فِي أَبٍ مَاتَ لَمْ يَدَعْ أَحَدًا غَيْرِي وَمَوْلَاهُ فَأَعْطَانِي النِّصْفَ وَأَعْطَى مَوْلَاهُ النِّصْفَ»
✧ I brought a dispute before Ali concerning a father who died leaving no one besides me and his freed slave. He gave me half and gave his freed slave half.
«أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ بِابْنَةٍ وَمَوْلًى فَأَعْطَى الِابْنَةَ النِّصْفَ وَالْمَوْلَى النِّصْفَ»
✧ A case was brought to him involving a daughter and a freed slave. He gave the daughter half and the freed slave half.
«أَنَّهُ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَمَوَالِيَهُ فَأَعْطَى عَلِيٌّ ابْنَتَهُ النِّصْفَ وَمَوَالِيَهُ النِّصْفَ»
✧ "He died and left behind his daughter and his followers, so Ali gave his daughter half and his followers half."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3060No grade recorded
«أَنَّ أَبَاهَا مَاتَ فَجَعَلَ عَلِيٌّ لَهَا النِّصْفَ وَلِمَوَالِيهِ النِّصْفَ»
✧ Her father died, and Ali assigned half to her and half to his freed slaves.
أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ أُخْتَيْنِ اشْتَرَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا أَبَاهَا فَأَعْتَقَتْهُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ قَالَ «لَهُمَا الثُّلُثَانِ فَرِيضَتُهُمَا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْمُعْتِقَةِ دُونَ الْأُخْرَى»
✧ He was asked about two sisters, one of whom purchased her father and then set him free, after which he died. He said, "They receive two-thirds as their fixed share in the Book of Allah, and what remains belongs to the one who freed him, to the exclusion of the other."
فِي امْرَأَةٍ أَعْتَقَتْ أَبَاهَا فَمَاتَ الْأَبُ وَتَرَكَ أَرْبَعَ بَنَاتٍ هِيَ إِحْدَاهُنَّ قَالَ «لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَّةٌ لَهُنَّ الثُّلُثَانِ وَهِيَ مَعَهُنَّ»
✧ Regarding a woman who freed her father and the father then died leaving four daughters, she being one of them. He said, "No favor is owed by him; they receive two-thirds, and she shares with them."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3063Sahih
كُنْتُ عِنْدَ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ غَفَلَةَ فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ فَرِيضَةِ رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَامْرَأَتَهُ فقَالَ أَنَا أُنْبِئُكَ قَضَاءَ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ حَسْبِي قَضَاءُ عَلِيٍّ قَالَ «قَضَى عَلِيٌّ لِامْرَأَتِهِ الثُّمُنَ وَلِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفَ ثُمَّ رَدَّ الْبَقِيَّةَ عَلَى ابْنَتِهِ»
✧ I was with Suwayd b. Ghafalah when a man came to him and asked about the share of a man who left behind his daughter and his wife. He said, "I shall inform you of the ruling of Ali." The man said, "The ruling of Ali is sufficient for me." He said, "Ali ruled that his wife receives one-eighth and his daughter one-half, then he returned the remainder to his daughter."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3064Sahih
أَنَّ مَوْلَاةً لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ تُوُفِّيَتْ وَتَرَكَتْ مَالًا فَقُلْتُ لِإِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ لَهَا ذَا قَرَابَةٍ»
✧ A female client of Ibrahim died leaving property. I said to Ibrahim, and he said, "She has a relative."
«الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ» يَعْنُونَ بِالْكُبْرِ مَا كَانَ أَقْرَبَ بِأَبٍ أَوْ أُمٍّ
✧ "Loyalty belongs to the closest elder," meaning by elder the nearest through father or mother.
كُتِبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ فِي شَأْنِ فُكَيْهَةَ بِنْتِ سَمْعَانَ أَنَّهَا مَاتَتْ وَتَرَكَتِ ابْنَ أَخِيهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا وَابْنَ أَخِيهَا لِأَبِيهَا فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ «إِنَّ الْوَلَاءَ لِلْكُبْرِ»
✧ A letter was written to Umar concerning Fukayhah bt. Sam'an that she died leaving her nephew through her father and mother and her nephew through her father. Umar wrote: "Loyalty belongs to the closest elder."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3067Sahih
أَنَّ عَلِيًّا وَزَيْدًا قَالَا «الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ» وقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَشُرَيْحٌ «لِلْوَرَثَةِ»
✧ Abdullah and Shurayh said, "for the inheritors."
«قَضَى عُمَرُ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَعَلِيٌّ وَزَيْدٌ لِلْكُبْرِ بِالْوَلَاءِ»
✧ "Umar, Abdullah, Ali, and Zayd ruled that loyalty belongs to the closest elder."
تُوُفِّيَتْ فُكَيْهَةُ بِنْتُ سَمْعَانَ وَتَرَكَتِ ابْنَ أَخِيهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَبَنِي بَنِي أَخِيهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا «فَوَرَّثَ عُمَرُ بَنِي أَخِيهَا لِأَبِيهَا»
✧ Fukayhah bt. Sam'an died leaving her nephew through her father and the sons of her nephew through her father and mother. "Umar gave inheritance to the sons of her nephew through her father."
«الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ»
✧ "Loyalty belongs to the closest elder."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3071Sahih
عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي أَخَوَيْنِ وَرِثَا مَوْلًى كَانَ أَعْتَقَهُ أَبُوهُمَا فَمَاتَ أَحَدُهُمَا وَتَرَكَ وَلَدًا قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ وَزَيْدٌ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَقُولُونَ «الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ»
✧ From Ibrahim regarding two brothers who inherited a freedman that their father had manumitted, then one of them died and left children: He said, 'Ali, Zayd, and 'Abdullah used to say, "Loyalty belongs to the eldest."
«الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ»
✧ "Loyalty belongs to the eldest."
«الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ»
✧ "Loyalty belongs to the eldest."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3074Sahih
«الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ»
✧ "Loyalty belongs to the eldest."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3075Sahih
فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوَالِي الرَّجُلَ قَالَا «هُوَ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ» قَالَ سُفْيَانُ وَكَذَلِكَ نَقُولُ
✧ Regarding the man who supports another man, they said: "He is among the Muslims." Sufyan said: "And that's what we say as well."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3076Sahih
سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا السُّنَّةُ فِي الرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُفْرِ يُسْلِمُ عَلَى يَدَيْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هُوَ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِمَحْيَاهُ وَمَمَاتِهِ»
✧ I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, saying, "O Messenger of Allah, what is the Sunnah regarding a man from the people of disbelief who becomes Muslim at the hands of a man from the Muslims?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "He is the closest of people to him in his life and in his death."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3077Sahih
سُئِلَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ السَّوَادِ إِذَا أَسْلَمَ عَلَى يَدَيْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ «يَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَيَرِثُهُ»
✧ He was asked about a man from the people of the Sawad when he becomes Muslim at the hands of a man. He said, "He pays blood money on his behalf and inherits from him."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3078Sahih
«تَرِثُ الْمَرْأَةُ مِنْ دِيَةِ زَوْجِهَا فِي الْعَمْدِ وَالْخَطَإِ»
✧ "A woman inherits from the blood money of her husband, whether intentional or accidental."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3079Sahih
«الدِّيَةُ عَلَى فَرَائِضِ اللَّهِ ﷻ»
✧ "The blood money is according to the obligatory shares prescribed by Allah ﷻ."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3080Sahih
«الدِّيَةُ سَبِيلُهَا سَبِيلُ الْمِيرَاثِ»
✧ "The blood money follows the same course as inheritance."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3081Sahih
«أَنْ يُوَرَّثَ الْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأُمِّ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ»
✧ "That maternal brothers be made heirs from the blood money."
«الْعَقْلُ مِيرَاثٌ بَيْنَ وَرَثَةِ الْقَتِيلِ عَلَى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ وَفَرَائِضِهِ»
✧ "The blood money is an inheritance among the heirs of the slain, according to the Book of Allah and its obligatory shares."
«لَقَدْ ظَلَمَ مَنْ لَمْ يُوَرِّثِ الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأُمِّ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ»
✧ "Indeed, he has wronged who does not make maternal brothers heirs from the blood money."
«الدِّيَةُ تُورَثُ كَمَا يُورَثُ الْمَالُ خَطَؤُهُ وَعَمْدُهُ»
✧ Blood money is inherited as wealth is inherited, its accidental and its deliberate.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3085Sahih
«كَانَ عَلِيٌّ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأُمِّ وَلَا الزَّوْجَ وَلَا الْمَرْأَةَ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ شَيْئًا»
✧ Ali did not give inheritance from blood money to brothers from the mother, nor to the husband, nor to the wife at all.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3086Sahih
«لَا تُوَرَّثُ الْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأُمِّ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ»
✧ Brothers from the mother do not inherit from blood money.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3087Hasan
«كُلُّ قَوْمٍ مُتَوَارِثِينَ عَمِيَ مَوْتُهُمْ فِي هَدْمٍ أَوْ غَرَقٍ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَتَوَارَثُونَ يَرِثُهُمُ الْأَحْيَاءُ»
✧ Any people who inherit from one another whose deaths are obscured in a collapse or drowning do not inherit from one another; the living inherit them.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3088Sahih
قَرَأْتُ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فِي الْقَوْمِ يَقَعُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَيْتُ لا يُدْرَى أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلُ؟ قَالَ «لَا يُوَرَّثُ الْأَمْوَاتُ بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَيُوَرَّثُ الْأَحْيَاءُ مِنَ الْأَمْوَاتِ»
✧ I read in one of the books of Umar b. Abd al-Aziz concerning a people upon whom a house falls and it is not known which of them died first: The dead do not inherit from one another, and the living inherit from the dead.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3089Hasan
«أَنَّ أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ وَابْنَهَا زَيْدًا مَاتَا فِي يَوْمٍ وَاحِدٍ فَالْتَقَتِ الصَّائِحَتَانِ فِي الطَّرِيقِ فَلَمْ يَرِثْ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ وَأَنَّ أَهْلَ الْحَرَّةِ لَمْ يَتَوَارَثُوا وَأَنَّ أَهْلَ صِفِّينَ لَمْ يَتَوَارَثُوا»
✧ Umm Kulthum and her son Zayd died on the same day, and the two wailing women met in the road, and neither of them inherited from the other. The people of al-Harrah did not inherit from one another, and the people of Siffin did not inherit from one another.
«أَنَّ بَيْتًا فِي الشَّامِ وَقَعَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَوَرَّثَ عُمَرُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ»
✧ A house in Syria collapsed upon some people, and Umar made some of them inherit from the others.
أَنَّهُ وَرَّثَ أَخَوَيْنِ قُتِلَا بِصِفِّينَ أَحَدَهُمَا مِنَ الْآخَرِ
✧ He made two brothers who were killed at Siffin inherit from one another, each from the other.
«أَنَّ رَجُلًا هَلَكَ وَتَرَكَ عَمَّتَهُ وَخَالَتَهُ فَأَعْطَى عُمَرُ الْعَمَّةَ نَصِيبَ الْأَخِ وَأَعْطَى الْخَالَةَ نَصِيبَ الْأُخْتِ»
✧ A man perished and left his paternal aunt and his maternal aunt, so Umar gave the paternal aunt the share of a brother and gave the maternal aunt the share of a sister.
«مَنْ أَدْلَى بِرَحِمٍ أُعْطِيَ بِرَحِمِهِ الَّتِي يُدْلِي بِهَا»
✧ Whoever is connected by a womb relation is given according to the womb relation through which he is connected.
فِي رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ عَمَّتَهُ وَابْنَةَ أَخِيهِ قَالَ «الْمَالُ لِابْنَةِ أَخِيهِ»
✧ Regarding a man who left his paternal aunt and his brother's daughter, he said: The wealth belongs to his brother's daughter.
«الْخَالُ وَارِثٌ»
✧ The maternal uncle is an heir.
أن عُمَرَ وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ «رَأَيَا أَنْ يُوَرِّثَا خَالًا»
✧ That ʿUmar and ʿAbdullāh considered it appropriate to give a maternal uncle a share of inheritance.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3097Sahih
فِي عَمَّةٍ وَبِنْتِ أَخٍ قَالَ «الْمَالُ لِابْنَةِ الْأَخِ»
✧ Concerning a paternal aunt and a brother's daughter, he said: "The wealth goes to the brother's daughter."
«لِلْعَمَّةِ»
✧ "The paternal aunt [receives]."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3099Sahih
فِي بِنْتِ أَخٍ وَعَمَّةٍ قَالَ «أَعْطِي الْمَالَ لِابْنَةِ الْأَخِ»
✧ Concerning a brother's daughter and a paternal aunt, he said: "I would give the wealth to the brother's daughter."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3100Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ تُوُفِّيَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ إِلَّا ابْنَةُ أَخِيهِ وَخَالُهُ قَالَ «لِلْخَالِ نَصِيبُ أُخْتِهِ وَلِابْنَةِ الْأَخِ نَصِيبُ أَبِيهَا»
✧ Concerning a man who died leaving no heir except his brother's daughter and his maternal uncle, he said: "The maternal uncle gets the share of his sister, and the brother's daughter gets the share of her father."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3101Sahih
«كَانَ مَسْرُوقٌ يُنَزِّلُ الْعَمَّةَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأَبِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ أَبٌ وَالْخَالَةَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأُمِّ إِذَا لَمْ تَكُنْ أُمٌّ»
✧ Masrūq used to place the paternal aunt in the position of the father when there was no father, and the maternal aunt in the position of the mother when there was no mother.
تُوُفِّيَ ابْنُ الدَّحْدَاحَةِ وَكَانَ أَتِيًّا وَهُوَ الَّذِي لَا يُعْرَفُ لَهُ أَصْلٌ فَكَانَ فِي بَنِي الْعَجْلَانِ وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ عَقِبًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِعَاصِمِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ «هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ لَهُ فِيكُمْ نَسَبًا؟» قَالَ مَا نَعْرِفُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَدَعَا ابْنَ أُخْتِهِ فَأَعْطَاهُ مِيرَاثَهُ
✧ The son of al-Daḥdāḥa died, and he was an atī (a person of unknown lineage) with no known origin. He was among the Banū al-ʿAjlān and left no offspring. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to ʿĀṣim b. ʿAdī: "Do you know of any lineage for him among you?" He replied: "We do not know him, O Messenger of Allah." So he called his sister's son and gave him his inheritance.
«أَنَّهُ أَعْطَى خَالًا الْمَالَ»
✧ That he gave the wealth to a maternal uncle.
سُئِلَ عَامِرٌ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ أَوْ رَجُلٍ تُوُفِّيَ وَتَرَكَ خَالَةً وَعَمَّةً قال لَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ وَلَا رَحِمٌ غَيْرُهُمَا فَقَالَ «كَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ يُنَزِّلُ الْخَالَةَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أُمِّهِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْعَمَّةَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ أَخِيهَا»
✧ ʿĀmir was asked about a woman or a man who died leaving a maternal aunt and a paternal aunt, with no other heir or relative. He said: "ʿAbdullāh b. Masʿūd used to place the maternal aunt in the position of his mother and the paternal aunt in the position of her brother."
فِي رَجُلٍ اعْتَرَفَ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ لِرَجُلٍ وَأَقَامَ آخَرُ بَيِّنَةً بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَتَرَكَ الْمَيِّتُ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ «الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُفْلِسًا فَلَا يَجُوزُ إِقْرَارُهُ»
✧ Concerning a man who, at his death, acknowledged a debt of one thousand dirhams to a man, while another man established proof of one thousand dirhams, and the deceased left one thousand dirhams. He said: "The wealth is divided between them in halves, unless he was insolvent, in which case his acknowledgment is not valid."
قُلْتُ لِشَرِيكٍ كَيْفَ ذَكَرْتَ فِي الْأَخَوَيْنِ يَدَّعِي أَحَدُهُمَا أَخًا؟ قَالَ «يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ فِي نَصِيبِهِ»
✧ I said to Sharīk: "How did you mention regarding the two brothers, when one of them claims a brother?" He said: "He enters into his share."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3107No grade recorded
فِي الْإِخْوَةِ يَدَّعِي بَعْضُهُمُ الْأَخَ وَيُنْكِرُ الْآخَرُونَ قَالَ «يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُمْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ عَبْدٍ يَكُونُ بَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ فَيَعْتِقَ أَحَدُهُمْ نَصِيبَهُ» قَالَ وَكَانَ عَامِرٌ وَالْحَكَمُ وَأَصْحَابُهُمَا يَقُولُونَ «لَا يَدْخُلُ إِلَّا فِي نَصِيبِ الَّذِي اعْتَرَفَ بِهِ»
✧ Concerning brothers, when some of them claim a brother and the others deny him, he said: "He enters with them, taking the position of a slave owned jointly by brothers, when one of them frees his share." He said: "ʿĀmir, al-Ḥakam, and their companions used to say: 'He does not enter except into the share of the one who acknowledged him.'"
إِذَا كَانَا أَخَوَيْنِ فَادَّعَى أَحَدُهُمَا أَخًا وَأَنْكَرَهُ الْآخَرُ؟ قَالَ كَانَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى يَقُولُ هِيَ مِنْ سِتَّةٍ لِلَّذِي لَمْ يَدَّعِ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَلِلْمُدَّعِي سَهْمَانِ وَلِلْمُدَّعَى سَهْمٌ
✧ When they are two brothers, and one of them claims a [third] brother while the other denies him? He said: Ibn Abi Layla used to say, 'It is from six: to the one who did not claim, three; to the claimant, two shares; and to the one claimed, one share.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3109Sahih
فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةُ بَنِينَ فَقَالَ ثُلُثِي لِأَصْغَرِ بَنِيَّ فَقَالَ الْأَوْسَطُ أَنَا أُجِيزُ وَقَالَ الْأَكْبَرُ أَنَا لَا أُجِيزُ قَالَ «هِيَ مِنْ تِسْعَةٍ يُخْرِجُ ثُلُثَهُ فَلَهُ سَهْمُهُ وَسَهْمُ الَّذِي أَجَازَ» وَقَالَ حَمَّادٌ «يَرُدُّ السَّهْمَ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعًا» وَقَالَ عَامِرٌ «الَّذِي رَدَّ إِنَّمَا رَدَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ»
✧ About a man who had three sons and said, 'Two thirds of my property are for the youngest of my sons.' The middle one said, 'I approve it,' and the eldest said, 'I do not approve it.' He said, 'It is from nine: he takes out his third, so he gets his share and the share of the one who approved.' Hammad said, 'He returns the share to all of them.' Amir said, 'The one who rejected only rejected against himself.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3110Hasan
فِي رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ بِأَخٍ قَالَ «بَيِّنَتُهُ أَنَّهُ أَخُوهُ»
✧ About a man who acknowledged a brother, he said, 'His proof is that he is his brother.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3111Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ مُضَارَبَةً وَأَلْفٍ دَيْنًا وَلَمْ يَدَعْ إِلَّا أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ «يُبْدَأُ بِالدَّيْنِ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ فَضْلٌ كَانَ لِصَاحِبِ الْمُضَارَبَةِ»
✧ About a man who, at his death, acknowledged one thousand dirhams as a partnership investment and one thousand as a debt, and left only one thousand dirhams. He said, 'The debt is paid first, and if anything remains, it belongs to the partner in the investment.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3112Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ ثَلَاثَ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَثَلَاثَةَ بَنِينَ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَدَّعِي مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَأَقَرَّ لَهُ أَحَدُهُمْ قَالَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْحِصَّةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ «مَا أُرَى أَنْ يَكُونَ مِيرَاثًا حَتَّى يُقْضَى الدَّيْنُ»
✧ About a man who died and left three hundred dirhams and three sons. A man came claiming one hundred dirhams against the deceased, and one of the sons acknowledged it for him. He said, 'It is charged to them proportionally.' Then al-Sha'bi said, 'I do not think it should be an inheritance until the debt is paid.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3113Hasan
فِي رَجُلٍ هَلَكَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَيْنِ وَتَرَكَ أَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فَاقْتَسَمَا الْأَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ وَغَابَ أَحَدُ الِابْنَيْنِ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَحَقَّ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ يَأْخُذُ جَمِيعَ مَا فِي يَدِ الشَّاهِدِ وَيُقَالُ لَهُ اتَّبِعْ أَخَاكَ الْغَائِبَ فَخُذْ نِصْفَ مَا فِي يَدِهِ
✧ About a man who died and left two sons and two thousand dirhams. They divided the two thousand dirhams, and one of the sons went absent. Then a man came and established a rightful claim of one thousand dirhams against the deceased. He said, 'He takes all that is in the hand of the one present, and it is said to him: pursue your absent brother and take half of what is in his hand.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3114Sahih
«إِذَا أَقَرَّ بَعْضُ الْوَرَثَةِ بِدَيْنٍ فَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ بِحِصَّتِهِ»
✧ If some of the heirs acknowledge a debt, it is upon him according to his share.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3115Sahih
«إِذَا شَهِدَ اثْنَانِ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ بِدَيْنٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ إِذَا كَانُوا عُدُولًا» وَقَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ «عَلَيْهِمَا فِي نَصِيبِهِمَا»
✧ If two of the heirs testify to a debt, it is from the entire estate if they are upright. Al-Sha'bi said, 'It is upon them in their portions.'
«كَانَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ يُوَرِّثُ أَهْلَ الْمُرْتَدِّ إِذَا قُتِلَ»
✧ Ibn Mas'ud used to give inheritance to the family of an apostate if he was killed.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3117Sahih
أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ «جَعَلَ مِيرَاثَ الْمُرْتَدِّ لِوَرَثَتِهِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ»
✧ Ali b. Abi Talib made the inheritance of an apostate for his Muslim heirs.
«أَنَّ عَلِيًّا قَضَى فِي مِيرَاثِ الْمُرْتَدِّ لِأَهْلِهِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ»
✧ Ali ruled that the inheritance of an apostate goes to his Muslim family.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3119No grade recorded
«إِذَا قَتَلَ الرَّجُلُ أَخَاهُ عَمْدًا لَمْ يُوَرَّثْ مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ وَلَا مِنْ دِيَتِهِ فَإِذَا قَتَلَهُ خَطَأً وُرِّثَ مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ وَلَمْ يُوَرَّثْ مِنْ دِيَتِهِ» قَالَ وَكَانَ عَطَاءٌ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ
✧ If a man kills his brother intentionally, he does not inherit from his estate nor from his blood money. But if he kills him accidentally, he inherits from his estate but does not inherit from his blood money. He said: Ata used to say that.
رَمَى رَجُلٌ أُمَّهُ بِحَجَرٍ فَقَتَلَهَا فَطَلَبَ مِيرَاثَهُ مِنْ إِخْوَتِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِخْوَتُهُ لَا مِيرَاثَ لَكَ فَارْتَفَعُوا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَجَعَلَ عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةَ وَأَخْرَجَهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ
✧ A man threw a stone at his mother and killed her, then sought his inheritance from his brothers. His brothers said to him, 'You have no inheritance.' They went up to Ali, and he imposed the blood-money on him and excluded him from the inheritance.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3121Sahih
«أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا قَتَلَ امْرَأَتَهُ خَطَأً أَنَّهُ يُمْنَعُ مِيرَاثَهُ مِنَ الْعَقْلِ وَغَيْرِهِ»
✧ When a man kills his wife mistakenly, he is prevented from inheriting her blood-money and anything else.
«لَا يَرِثُ الْقَاتِلُ مِنَ الْمَقْتُولِ شَيْئًا»
✧ The killer does not inherit anything from the one he killed.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3123Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ قَذَفَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَجَاءَ بِشُهُودٍ فَرُجِمَتْ؟ قَالَ «يَرِثُهَا»
✧ Regarding a man who slandered his wife and brought witnesses, so she was stoned: he said, 'He inherits from her.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3124Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ أَرَاهُ مَاتَ شَكَّ أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ ؟ قَالَ «يَتَوَارَثَانِ»
✧ Regarding a man who was flogged with the prescribed punishment – I think he died, Abu al-Nu'man was uncertain – he said, 'They inherit from each other.'
«الْقَاتِلُ لَا يَرِثُ وَلَا يَحْجُبُ»
✧ The killer does not inherit and does not block others from inheritance.
«لَا يُوَرَّثُ الْقَاتِلُ»
✧ The killer is not made an heir.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3127No grade recorded
«لَا يَرِثُ قَاتِلٌ خَطَأً وَلَا عَمْدًا»
✧ No killer inherits, whether by mistake or intentionally.
«لَا يَرِثُ الْقَاتِلُ»
✧ The killer does not inherit.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3129Sahih
«إِذَا اجْتَمَعَ نَسَبَانِ وُرِّثَ بِأَكْبَرِهِمَا»
✧ When two relationships are combined, inheritance is according to the closer of them.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3130Sahih
«يَرِثُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الَّذِي يَصْلُحُ وَلَا يَرِثُ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الَّذِي لَا يَصْلُحُ»
✧ He inherits from the side that is valid and does not inherit from the side that is not valid.
فِي الْمَجُوسِ «إِذَا أَسْلَمُوا يَرِثُونَ مِنَ الْقَرَابَتَيْنِ جَمِيعًا»
✧ Regarding the Magians: when they embrace Islam, they inherit from both relationships together.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3132Hasan
فِي امْرَأَةِ الْأَسِيرِ «أَنَّهَا تَرِثُهُ وَيَرِثُهَا»
✧ Concerning the wife of the prisoner: “She inherits from him and he inherits from her.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3133Sahih
فِي الْأَسِيرِ يُوصِي قَالَ «أُجِيزُ لَهُ وَصِيَّتَهُ مَا دَامَ عَلَى دِينِهِ لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ عَنْ دِينِهِ»
✧ Concerning the prisoner who makes a bequest, he said: “I permit his bequest as long as he remains upon his religion and has not changed from his religion.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3134Sahih
«يُوَرَّثُ الْأَسِيرُ إِذَا كَانَ فِي أَيْدِي الْعَدُوِّ»
✧ “The prisoner is treated as an heir when he is in the hands of the enemy.”
«يُوَرَّثُ الْأَسِيرُ»
✧ “The prisoner is treated as an heir.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3136Sahih
كَانَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْأَسِيرَ»
✧ He did not treat the prisoner as an heir.”
«كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ أَنْ لَا يُوَرِّثَ الْحَمِيلَ إِلَّا بِبَيِّنَةٍ وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ فِي خِرَقِهَا»
✧ “Umar b. al-Khattab wrote to Shurayh not to treat the foundling as an heir except with clear proof, even if she brought him in her swaddling cloths.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3138Sahih
«وَرِّثِ الْحَمِيلَ»
✧ “Treat the foundling as an heir.”
«لَا يُوَرَّثُ الْحُمَلَاءُ»
✧ “Foundlings are not treated as heirs.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3140Sahih
ذُكِرَ عِنْدَهُ قَوْلُ مَنْ يَقُولُ فِي الْحَمِيلِ فَأَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ «قَدْ تَوَارَثَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ بِنَسَبِهِمُ الَّذِي كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ»
✧ Mention was made in his presence of the statement of one who spoke about the foundling, and he rejected that and said: “The Muhajirun and the Ansar inherited from one another by their lineage which was in the Jahiliyyah.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3141Sahih
«لَا يُوَرَّثُ الْحَمِيلُ إِلَّا بِبَيِّنَةٍ»
✧ “The foundling is not treated as an heir except with clear proof.”
«لَمْ يَكُنْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعُثْمَانُ يُوَرِّثُونَ الْحَمِيلَ»
✧ “Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman did not treat the foundling as an heir.”
Sunan ad-Darimi 3143Sahih
«أَقَرَّتْ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ مُحَارِبٍ جَلِيبَةٌ بِنَسَبٍ أَخٍ لَهَا جَلِيبٍ فَوَرَّثَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ مِنْ أُخْتِهِ»
✧ “A woman from Muharib, a captive, acknowledged the lineage of a brother of hers, also a captive, so Abdullah b. Utbah made him inherit from his sister.”
عَنْ رَجُلٍ قَالَ عِنْدَ فِرَاقِ الدُّنْيَا أَنَا مَوْلَى فُلَانٍ قَالَ «يُرَدُّ مِيرَاثَهُ لِمَنْ سَمَّى أَنَّهُ مَوْلَاهُ عِنْدَ فِرَاقِ الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتُوا عَلَيْهِ بِبَيِّنَةٍ بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ يَرُدُّونَ بِهِ قَوْلَهُ فَيُرَدُّ مِيرَاثُهُ إِلَى مَا قَامَتْ بِهِ الْبَيِّنَةُ»
✧ From a man: he said at the point of departure from this world, 'I am the client of so-and-so.' He said: "His inheritance is returned to the one whom he named as his patron at the point of departure from this world, unless they bring evidence against him to the contrary by which they rebut his statement, in which case his inheritance is returned to what the evidence established."
«وَلَدُ الزِّنَا بِمَنْزِلَةِ ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ»
✧ Regarding Ali and Abdullah, they said, "The child of adultery is considered like the son of condemnation."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3146Sahih
«أَنَّ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا لَا يَرِثُهُ الَّذِي يَدَّعِيهِ وَلَا يَرِثُهُ الْمَوْلُودُ»
✧ "That a child born of fornication is not inherited by the one who claims him, nor does the child inherit from that one."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3147Accepted
كَانَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ وَلَدَ الزِّنَا وَإِنْ ادَّعَاهُ الرَّجُلُ»
✧ He used not to give inheritance to a child born of fornication even if a man claimed him."
«أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَتَى إِلَى غُلَامٍ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ ابْنٌ لَهُ وَأَنَّهُ زَنَى بِأُمِّهِ وَلَمْ يَدَّعِ ذَلِكَ الْغُلَامَ أَحَدٌ فَهُوَ يَرِثُهُ» قَالَ بُكَيْرٌ وَسَأَلْتُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ
✧ "Any man who comes to a boy claiming that he is his son and that he committed fornication with his mother, and no one else claims that boy, then he inherits from him." Bukayr said: I asked Urwah about that and he said the like of the statement of Sulayman b. Yasar.
«ابْنُ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ مِثْلُ وَلَدِ الزِّنَا تَرِثُهُ أُمُّهُ وَوَرَثَتُهُ وَرَثَةُ أُمِّهِ»
✧ "The child of a woman divorced by li'an is like a child born of fornication: his mother inherits from him, and his heirs are the heirs of his mother."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3150Sahih
«لَا يُوَرَّثُ وَلَدُ الزِّنَا»
✧ "A child born of fornication is not given inheritance."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3151Sahih
فِي أَوْلَادِ الزِّنَا قَالَ «يَتَوَارَثُونَ مِنْ قِبَلِ الْأُمَّهَاتِ وَإِنْ وَلَدَتْ تَوْأَمًا فَمَاتَ وَرِثَ السُّدُسَ»
✧ Regarding children born of fornication, he said: "They inherit from one another on the mother's side. If she gives birth to twins and one dies, he inherits the sixth."
«لَا يَرِثُ وَلَدُ الزِّنَا إِنَّمَا يَرِثُ مَنْ لَمْ يُقَمْ عَلَى أَبِيهِ الْحَدُّ أَوْ تُمْلَكُ أُمُّهُ بِنِكَاحٍ أَوْ شِرَاءٍ»
✧ "A child born of fornication does not inherit. Only one whose father had not had the hadd punishment established upon him, or whose mother was owned through marriage or purchase, inherits."
فِي الرَّجُلِ يَفْجُرُ بِالْمَرْأَةِ ثُمَّ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا قَالَ «لَا بَأْسَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ حُبْلَى فَإِنَّ الْوَلَدَ لَا يَلْحَقُهُ»
✧ Regarding a man who commits fornication with a woman then marries her, he said: "There is no harm, unless she is pregnant, in which case the child is not attributed to him."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3154Hasan
أن رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَضَى أَنَّ كُلِّ مُسْتَلْحَقٍ اسْتُلْحِقَ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ ادَّعَاهُ وَرَثَتُهُ بَعْدَهُ فَقَضَى إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ يَمْلِكُهَا يَوْمَ يَطَؤُهَا فَقَدْ لَحِقَ بِمَنِ اسْتَلْحَقَهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ فيمَّا قُسِمَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ شَيْءٌ وَمَا أَدْرَكَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَلَهُ نَصِيبُهُ وَلَا يَلْحَقُ إِذَا كَانَ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ أَنْكَرَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ لَا يَمْلِكُهَا أَوْ حُرَّةٍ عَاهَرَهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَلْحَقُ وَلَا يَرِثُ وَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ هُوَ ادَّعَاهُ فهُوَ وَلَدُ زِنَا لِأَهْلِ أُمِّهِ مَنْ كَانُوا حُرَّةً أَوْ أَمَةً»
✧ That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ "ruled that every child claimed after his father to whom he is attributed, if his heirs after him claim him, then he ruled: if he was from a slave woman whom he owned on the day he had intercourse with her, then he is attached to the one who claimed him, and he has nothing of the inheritance that was divided before him, and whatever inheritance he reaches that has not been divided, he has his share. He is not attached if the one to whom he is attributed denied him. And if he was from a slave woman he did not own or a free woman with whom he committed adultery, then he is not attached and does not inherit, even if the one to whom he is attributed claimed him, for he is a child of fornication belonging to the people of his mother, whether they were free or slave."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3155Accepted
سَأَلْتُ الشَّعْبِيَّ عَنْ مَمْلُوكٍ لِي وَلَدُ زِنًا قَالَ «لَا تَبِعْهُ وَلَا تَأْكُلْ ثَمَنَهُ وَاسْتَخْدِمْهُ»
✧ I asked al-Sha'bi about a slave of mine who was a child of fornication. He said: "Do not sell him, do not consume his price, and employ him."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3156Sahih
«إِنْ كَانَ ابْنَ عَرَبِيَّةٍ وَرِثَتْ أُمُّهُ الثُّلُثَ وَجُعِلَ بَقِيَّةُ مَالِهِ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ وَإِنْ كَانَ ابْنَ مَوْلَاةٍ وَرِثَتْ أُمُّهُ الثُّلُثَ وَوَرِثَ مَوَالِيهَا الَّذِينَ أَعْتَقُوهَا مَا بَقِيَ» قَالَ مَرْوَانُ وَسَمِعْتُ مَالِكًا «يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ»
✧ He was asked about a child born out of wedlock who dies. He said, "If he is the son of an Arab woman, his mother inherits one-third, and the remainder of his wealth is placed in the public treasury. If he is the son of a freedwoman, his mother inherits one-third, and those who freed her inherit the rest." Marwan said, "And I heard Malik say that."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3157Sahih
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «قَضَى بِمِيرَاثِ ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ لِأُمِّهِ كُلِّهِ لِمَا لَقِيَتْ فِيهِ مِنَ الْعَنَاءِ»
✧ That the Prophet ﷺ "ruled the inheritance of the child of a woman divorced by li'an entirely for his mother, because of the hardship she endured in bearing him."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3158Sahih
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي وَلَدِ الزِّنَا لِأَوْلِيَاءِ أُمِّهِ «خُذُوهُ إْنَكُمْ تَرِثُونَهُ وَتَعْقِلُونَهُ وَلَا يَرِثُكُمْ»
✧ He said regarding the child of zina: To his mother's guardians, "Take him, for you will inherit from him and pay his blood money, and he will not inherit from you."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3159Sahih
«السَّائِبَةُ يَضَعُ مَالَهُ حَيْثُ شَاءَ»
✧ "The sa'ibah places his wealth wherever he wishes."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3160Sahih
سُئِلَ عَنْ مِيرَاثِ السَّائِبَةِ فَقَالَ «كُلُّ عَتِيقٍ سَائِبَةٌ»
✧ He was asked about the inheritance of the sa'ibah. He said, "Every freed slave is a sa'ibah."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3161Sahih
«الصَّدَقَةُ وَالسَّائِبَةُ لِيَوْمِهِمَا أَوْ لِوَقْتِهِمَا»
✧ "The sadaqah and the sa'ibah are for their day or their time."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3162Sahih
سُئِلَ عَامِرٌ عَنْ الْمَمْلُوكِ يُعْتَقُ سَائِبَةً لِمَنْ وَلَاؤُهُ؟ قَالَ «لِلَّذِي أَعْتَقَهُ»
✧ Amir was asked about a slave who is freed as a sa'ibah. To whom does his wala' belong? He said, "To the one who freed him."
«مَاتَ مَوْلًى عَلَى عَهْدِ عُثْمَانَ َلَيْسَ لَهُ وَالٍ فَأَمَرَ بِمَالِهِ فَأُدْخِلَ بَيْتَ الْمَالِ»
✧ "Mawlā died during the time of Uthman without having a heir, so he commanded for his wealth to be entered into the treasury."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3164Sahih
فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَوْلَى عَتَاقَةٍ قَالَ «مَالُهُ حَيْثُ أَوْصَى بِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَوْصَى فَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ»
✧ Regarding a man who died and had no patron of manumission, he said, "His wealth goes where he bequeathed it. If he did not bequeath, then it goes to the bayt al-mal."
فِيمَنْ أُعْتِقَ سَائِبَةً «إِنَّ وَلَاءَهُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَهُ إِنَّمَا سَيَّبَهُ مِنَ الرِّقِّ وَلَمْ يُسَيِّبْهُ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ»
✧ Regarding one freed as a sa'ibah: "His wala' belongs to the one who freed him. He only released him from slavery and did not release him from wala'."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3166Sahih
«لَا بَأْسَ بِبَيْعِ وَلَاءِ السَّائِبَةِ وَهِبَتِهِ»
✧ "There is no harm in selling the wala' of a sa'ibah or giving it as a gift."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3167No grade recorded
أَعْتَقَ رَجُلٌ غُلَامًا سَائِبَةً فَأَتَى عَبْدَ اللَّهِ وَقَالَ إِنِّي أَعْتَقْتُ غُلَامًا لِي سَائِبَةً وَهَذِهِ تَرِكَتُهُ قَالَ «هِيَ لَكَ» قَالَ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهَا قَالَ «فَضَعْهَا فَإِنَّ هَاهُنَا وَارِثًا كَثِيرًا»
✧ "A man emancipated a runaway boy and then came to Abdullah and said, 'I have emancipated a runaway boy for myself, and this is his belonging.' He said, 'It is yours.' He said, 'I have no need for it.' He said, 'Put it, as there are many inheritors here.'"
«إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الصَّبِيُّ وُرِّثَ وَصُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ»
✧ "When the infant cries out, it is inherited from and prayed over."
«إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الصَّبِيُّ وَرِثَ وَوُرِثَ وَصُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ»
✧ "If a boy receives an inheritance and is inherited and prayers are offered for him."
«لَيْسَ مِنْ مَوْلُودٍ إِلَّا اسْتَهَلَّ وَاسْتِهْلَالُهُ بِعَصْرِ الشَّيْطَانِ بَطْنَهُ فَيَصِيحُ إِلَّا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ»
✧ "There is no newborn except that it cries out, and its crying out is by Satan squeezing its belly so it screams, except Isa son of Maryam ﷺ."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3171Sahih
«لَا يَرِثُ الْمَوْلُودُ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ صَارِخًا وَإِنْ وَقَعَ حَيًّا»
✧ "The newborn does not inherit until it cries out screaming, even if it was born alive."
«إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الْمَوْلُودُ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَوُرِثَ»
✧ "When the newborn cries out, it is prayed over and inherited from."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3173Sahih
«أَرَى الْعُطَاسَ اسْتِهْلَالًا»
✧ I consider the sneeze a cry.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3174Sahih
«لَا يُوَرَّثُ الْمَوْلُودُ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ وَلَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ فَإِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ صُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ وَوُرِّثَ وَكُمِّلَتِ الدِّيَةُ»
✧ A newborn is not inherited from until he cries, and no funeral prayer is offered over him until he cries. When he cries, prayer is offered over him, he is inherited from, and the full blood money is paid.
وَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَنِ السَّقْطِ فَقَالَ «لَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ وَلَا يُصَلَّى عَلَى مَوْلُودٍ حَتَّى يَسْتَهِلَّ صَارِخًا»
✧ "He is not offered prayers and a newborn is not offered prayers until he starts crying."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3176Sahih
إِذَا ابْتَاعَ الْمُكَاتَبَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ هَذَا هَذَا مِنْ سَيِّدِهِ وَهَذَا هَذَا مِنْ سَيِّدِهِ فَالْبَيْعُ لِلْأَوَّلِ وَيَقُولُ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ الْوَلَاءُ لِسَيِّدِ الْبَائِعِ وَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّمَا ابْتَاعَ هَذَا مَا عَلَى الْمُكَاتَبِ فَالْوَلَاءُ لِلسَّيِّدِ
✧ When two mukatabs buy each other—this one from his master and that one from his master—the sale is for the first, and the people of Madinah say: The wala belongs to the master of the seller. They say: He only bought what the mukatab owed, so the wala belongs to the master.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3177No grade recorded
«أَيُّمَا حُرٍّ تَزَوَّجَ أَمَةً فَقَدْ أَرَقَّ نِصْفَهُ وَأَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ يَتَزَوَّجُ حُرَّةً فَقَدْ أَعْتَقَ نِصْفَهُ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد يَعْنِي الْوَلَدَ
✧ Any free man who marries a slave woman has enslaved half of himself, and any slave who marries a free woman has freed half of himself. Abu Muhammad said: Meaning the child.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3178Sahih
فِي الْعَبْدِ يَتَزَوَّجُ الْمَرْأَةَ ثُمَّ يُطَلِّقُهَا وَلَهُ مِنْهَا وَلَدٌ؟ قَالَ إِنْ كَانَتْ حُرَّةً فَالنَّفَقَةُ عَلَى أُمِّهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَبْدًا يَعْنِي الصَّبِيَّ فَعَلَى مَوَالِيهِ
✧ Regarding a slave who marries a woman, then divorces her while he has a child from her: He said: If she is free, the maintenance is upon his mother, and if he is a slave—meaning the child—then upon his patrons.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3179Sahih
«وَلَاؤُهُ لِمَنْ بَدَأَ بِالْعِتْقِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ»
✧ From Ibrahim, they both said, "His loyalty is to whoever begins with freeing a slave for the first time."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3180Sahih
«إِنْ ضَمِنَ كَانَ الْوَلَاءُ لَهُ وَإِنْ اسْتَسْعَى الْعَبْدُ كَانَ الْوَلَاءُ بَيْنَهُمْ»
✧ If he guarantees, the wala is his, and if the slave is made to work to pay off his value, the wala is between them.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3181Sahih
فِي عَبْدٍ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ أَعْتَقَ أَحَدُهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ فَقَالَ «يُتَمَّمُ عِتْقُهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتُسْعِيَ الْعَبْدُ فِي النِّصْفِ بِقِيمَةِ عَدْلٍ وَالْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ»
✧ Regarding a slave owned by two men, one of whom frees his share: He said: His emancipation is to be completed. If he has no wealth, the slave is made to work for the half at a fair value, and the wala belongs to the one who freed him.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3182Sahih
فِي عَبْدٍ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ أَعْتَقَ أَحَدَهُمَا نَصِيبَهُ وَأَمْسَكَهُ الْآخَرُ قَالَ «مِيرَاثُهُ بَيْنَهُمَا»
✧ Regarding a slave owned by two men, one of whom frees his share and the other retains his: He said: His inheritance is between them.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3183Sahih
«مِيرَاثُهُ لِلَّذِي أَمْسَكَهُ» وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ «هُوَ لِلْمُعْتِقِ كُلُّهُ وَثَمَنُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَيَقُولُهُ أَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ»
✧ His inheritance belongs to the one who retained him. Qatadah said: It belongs entirely to the one who freed him, and his value is upon him. The people of Kufa say that.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3184Sahih
فِي الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ وَيَتْرُكُ مُكَاتَبًا وَلَهُ بَنُونَ وَبَنَاتٌ أَيَكُونُ لِلنِّسَاءِ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَ «تَرِثُ النِّسَاءُ مِمَّا عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ وَيَكُونُ الْوَلَاءُ لِلرِّجَالِ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا مَا كَاتَبْنَ أَوْ أَعْتَقْنَ»
✧ Regarding a man who dies leaving a mukatab and has sons and daughters: Do women have any right to the wala? He said: Women inherit from what remains of his kitabah upon him, and the wala belongs to men apart from women, except what they themselves contracted or freed.
«لَا تَرِثُ النِّسَاءُ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ إِلَّا مَا أَعْتَقْنَ أَوْ أَعْتَقَ مَنْ أَعْتَقْنَ»
✧ Women do not inherit from the wala except what they freed or what was freed by those they freed.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3186Sahih
«تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ وَتَرَكَ مُكَاتَبًا ثُمَّ مَاتَ الْمُكَاتَبُ وَتَرَكَ مَالًا فَجَعَلَ ابْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ بَيْنَ بَنِي مَوْلَاهُ الرِّجَالُ وَالنِّسَاءُ عَلَى مِيرَاثِهِمْ وَمَا فَضَلَ مِنَ الْمَالِ بَعْدَ كِتَابَتِهِ فَلِلرِّجَالِ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ بَنِي مَوْلَاهُ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ»
✧ A man died leaving a mukatab, then the mukatab died leaving wealth. Ibn al-Musayyab and Abu Salamah b. Abd al-Rahman allocated what remained of his kitabah among the male and female children of his patron according to their inheritance shares, and what remained of the wealth after his kitabah belonged to the males among the children of his patron rather than the females.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3187No grade recorded
«الْوَلَاءُ لِلْكُبْرِ وَلَا يُوَرِّثُونَ النِّسَاءَ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ إِلَّا مَا أَعْتَقْنَ أَوْ كَاتَبْنَ»
✧ Clientage belongs to the eldest, and women do not inherit from clientage except what they themselves have manumitted or have contracted for manumission.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3188No grade recorded
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ
✧ "From Abu Qilabah"
Sunan ad-Darimi 3189No grade recorded
وحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ
✧ And Ibn Wahb narrated to us from Yunus, from al-Zuhri, from Sa'id b. al-Musayyab.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3190Sahih
«لَا تَرِثُ النِّسَاءُ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ إِلَّا مَا أَعْتَقْنَ أَوْ كَاتَبْنَ»
✧ Women do not inherit from clientage except what they themselves have manumitted or have contracted for manumission.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3191Sahih
«لَا تَرِثُ النِّسَاءُ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ إِلَّا مَا أَعْتَقْنَ أَوْ أَعْتَقَ مَنْ أَعْتَقْنَ إِلَّا الْمُلَاعَنَةُ فَإِنَّهَا تَرِثُ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ ابْنُهَا الَّذِي انْتَفَى مِنْهُ أَبُوهُ»
✧ Women do not inherit from clientage except what they themselves have manumitted or what those whom they manumitted have manumitted, except for the woman of li'an, for she inherits from the one whom her son manumits, the son from whom his father has disavowed himself.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3192Sahih
«أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَرِثُ مَوَالِيَ عُمَرَ دُونَ بَنَاتِ عُمَرَ»
✧ That he used to inherit the clients of 'Umar instead of 'Umar's daughters.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3193Sahih
فِي امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ وَتَرَكَتْ بَنِيهَا فَوَرِثُوهَا مَالًا وَمَوَالِيَ ثُمَّ مَاتَ بَنُوهَا قَالَ «يَرْجِعُ الْوَلَاءُ إِلَى عَصَبَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ»
✧ Regarding a woman who died and left behind her sons, and they inherited wealth and clients from her, then her sons died. He said, "The clientage returns to the woman's male relatives."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3194Sahih
سَأَلْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ كَاتَبَ عَبْدًا لَهُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ وَلَدًا رِجَالًا وَنِسَاءً قَالَ «لِلذُّكُورِ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ»
✧ I asked Ibrahim about a man who contracted a slave of his for manumission, then died and left behind sons and daughters. He said, "It belongs to the males, not the females."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3195Sahih
فِي امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ وَتَرَكَتْ مَوْلًى قَالَ «الْوَلَاءُ لِبَنِيهَا فَإِذَا مَاتُوا رَجَعَ إِلَى عَصَبَتِهَا»
✧ Regarding a woman who died and left behind a client. He said, "The clientage belongs to her sons, and when they die it returns to her male relatives."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3196Sahih
«لَيْسَ لِلنِّسَاءِ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا مَا أَعْتَقَتْ هِيَ فِي نَفْسِهَا»
✧ Women have no share in clientage except what she herself has manumitted personally.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3197Sahih
مَاتَ مَوْلًى لِعُمَرَ فَسَأَلَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَقَالَ هَلْ لِبَنَاتِ عُمَرَ مِنْ مِيرَاثِهِ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَ «مَا أَرَى لَهُنَّ شَيْئًا وَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُنَّ أَعْطَيْتَهُنَّ»
✧ A client of 'Umar died, and Ibn 'Umar asked Zayd b. Thabit, "Do 'Umar's daughters have any share of his inheritance?" He said, "I do not think they have anything. If you wish to give them something, you may give it to them."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3198Sahih
«يُحْرِزُ الْوَلَاءَ مَنْ يُحْرِزُ الْمِيرَاثَ»
✧ Whoever secures the inheritance secures the clientage.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3199Sahih
أَنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنْ مُحَارِبٍ وَهَبَتْ وَلَاءَ عَبْدِهَا لِنَفْسِهِ فَأَعْتَقَتْهُ فَوَهَبَ وَلَاءَ نَفْسِهِ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ وَمَاتَتْ فَخَاصَمَتْ الْمَوَالِي إِلَى عُثْمَانَ فَدَعَا عُثْمَانُ الْبَيِّنَةَ عَلَى مَا قَالَ قَالَ فَأَتَى الْبَيِّنَةُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ «اذْهَبْ فَوَالِ مَنْ شِئْتَ» قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَوَالَى عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ
✧ A woman from Muharib granted the clientage of her slave to himself, so she manumitted him, and he granted the clientage of himself to 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Amr b. Hazm. Then she died, and the clients brought a dispute before 'Uthman. 'Uthman called for evidence regarding what he said. The evidence was brought, and 'Uthman said to him, "Go and ally yourself with whomever you wish." Abu Bakr said, "So he allied himself with 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Amr b. Hazm."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3200Sahih
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the sale of allegiance and its gift.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3201Sahih
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ»
✧ He prohibited the sale of allegiance and its gift.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3202Sahih
«لَا يُبَاعُ الْوَلَاءُ وَلَا يُوهَبُ وَالْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ»
✧ Allegiance is not to be sold nor given as a gift, and allegiance belongs to the one who manumits.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3203No grade recorded
«الْوَلَاءُ لُحْمَةٌ كَلُحْمَةِ النَّسَبِ لَا يُبَاعُ وَلَا يُوهَبُ»
✧ Allegiance is a tie like the tie of kinship; it is not to be sold nor given as a gift.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3204Sahih
«أَنَّهُمَا كَرِهَا بَيْعَ الْوَلَاءِ»
✧ They both disliked the sale of allegiance.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3205No grade recorded
لَا يُبَاعُ الْوَلَاءُ أَيُؤْكَلُ بِرَقَبَةِ رَجُلٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ
✧ Ibn Abbas, loyalty cannot be sold, meaning it cannot be consumed by the enslavement of a person twice.
«الْفَرَائِضُ مِنْ سِتَّةٍ لَا نُعِيلُهَا»
✧ The obligations are from six; we do not make them awl.
اخْتُصِمَ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فِي بِنْتَيْنِ وَأَبَوَيْنِ وَزَوْجٍ فَقَضَى فِيهَا فَأَقْبَلَ الزَّوْجُ يَشْكُوهُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَبَاحٍ فَأَخَذَهُ وَبَعَثَ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَقَالَ مَا تقُولُ في هَذَا؟ قَالَ هَذَا يَخَالُنِي امْرَءاً جَائِرًا وَأَنَا أخَالُهُ امْرَءاً فَاجِرًا يُظْهِرُ الشَّكْوَى وَيَكْتُمُ قَضَاءً سَائِرًا فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ مَا تَقُولُ فِي بِنْتَيْنِ وَأَبَوَيْنِ وَزَوْجٍ؟ فَقَالَ «لِلزَّوْجِ الرُّبُعُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ وَلِلْأَبَوَيْنِ السُّدُسَانِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلِابْنَتَيْنِ» فَلِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ نَقَصْتَنِي؟ قَالَ «لَيْسَ أَنَا نَقَصْتُكَ اللَّهُ نَقَصَكَ لِلِابْنَتَيْنِ الثُّلُثَانِ وَلِلْأَبَوَيْنِ السُّدُسَانِ وَلِلزَّوْجِ الرُّبُعُ فَهِيَ مِنْ سَبْعَةٍ وَنِصْفٍ فَرِيضَةً فَرِيضَتُكَ عَائِلَةٌ»
✧ A dispute was brought to Shurayh concerning two daughters, two parents, and a husband, and he judged in it. The husband then came complaining about him in the mosque. So he sent Abdullah b. Rabah to him, and he seized him and sent to Shurayh, saying, 'What do you say about this?' He said, 'This man thinks me an unjust man, and I think him a wicked man: he displays complaint and conceals a just judgment.' The man said to him, 'What do you say about two daughters, two parents, and a husband?' He said, 'The husband gets one-fourth of all the property, the parents get two sixths, and what remains is for the two daughters.' 'For what reason did you diminish me?' He said, 'It is not I who diminished you; Allah diminished you. For the two daughters is two-thirds, for the parents two sixths, and for the husband one-fourth. Thus it is from seven and a half as an obligation; your obligation is awl.'
«الْوَالِدُ يَجُرُّ وَلَاءَ وَلَدِهِ»
✧ The father draws the allegiance of his child.
«الْجَدُّ يَجُرُّ الْوَلَاءَ»
✧ "Aljad du yajurru alwala’a" translates to "Generosity leads to loyalty" in English.
«الْوَالِدُ يَجُرُّ وَلَاءَ وَلَدِهِ»
✧ The father draws the allegiance of his child.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3211Sahih
فِي مَمْلُوكٍ تُوُفِّيَ وَلَهُ أَبٌ حُرٌّ وَلَهُ بَنُونَ مِنَ امْرَأَةٍ حُرَّةٍ لِمَنْ وَلَاءُ وَلَدِهِ؟ قَالَ «لِمَوَالِي الْجَدِّ»
✧ About a slave who died having a free father and sons from a free woman: to whom belongs the allegiance of his child? He said, 'To the patrons of the grandfather.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3212Sahih
فِي مُكَاتَبٍ مَاتَ وَقَدْ أَدَّى نِصْفَ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ وَلَهُ وَلَدٌ مِنَ امْرَأَةٍ حُرَّةٍ قَالَ «مَا أُرَاهُ إِلَّا قَدْ جَرَّ وَلَاءَ وَلَدِهِ»
✧ About a mukatab who died having paid half of his kitabah and having a child from a free woman, he said, 'I do not see but that he has drawn the allegiance of his child.'
Sunan ad-Darimi 3213Sahih
كَانَ شُرَيْحٌ لَا يَرْجِعُ عَنْ قَضَاءٍ يَقْضِي بِهِ فَحَدَّثَهُ الْأَسْوَدُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ قَالَ «إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَمْلُوكُ الْحُرَّةَ فَوَلَدَتْ أَوْلَادًا أَحْرَارًا ثُمَّ عُتِقَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ رَجَعَ الْوَلَاءُ لِمَوَالِي أَبِيهِمْ» فَأَخَذَ بِهِ شُرَيْحٌ
✧ Shurayh would not retract a judgment he had made. Then al-Aswad narrated to him that Umar said, 'When a slave marries a free woman and she bears free children, then he is manumitted after that, the allegiance reverts to the patrons of their father.' So Shurayh adopted it.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3214No grade recorded
الْمَمْلُوكِ يَكُونُ تَحْتَهُ الْحُرَّةُ «يُعْتَقُ الْوَلَدُ بِعِتْقِ أُمِّهِ فَإِذَا عُتِقَ الْأَبُ جَرَّ الْوَلَاءَ»
✧ Regarding a slave who has a free woman as his wife: "The child is freed by the manumission of his mother; then when the father is freed, he draws the wala'."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3215Sahih
فِي الْحُرَّةِ تَحْتَ الْعَبْدِ قَالَ «أَمَّا مَا وَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ عَبْدٌ فَوَلَاؤُهُمْ لِأَهْلِ نِعْمَتِهَا وَمَا وَلَدَتْ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ حُرٌّ فَوَلَاؤُهُمْ لِأَهْلِ نِعْمَتِهِ»
✧ Regarding a free woman under a slave, he said: "As for what she bore from him while he was a slave, their wala' belongs to her patrons; and what she bore from him while he was free, their wala' belongs to his patrons."
«إِذَا كَانَتِ الْحُرَّةُ تَحْتَ الْمَمْلُوكِ فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ غُلَامًا فَإِنَّهُ يُعْتَقُ بِعِتْقِ أُمِّهِ وَوَلَاؤُهُ لِمَوَالِي أُمِّهِ فَإِذَا أُعْتِقَ الْأَبُ جَرَّ الْوَلَاءَ إِلَى مَوَالِي أَبِيهِ»
✧ "If a free woman is under a slave and she bears him a boy, then he is freed by the manumission of his mother, and his wala' belongs to his mother's mawali. Then when the father is freed, he draws the wala' to his father's mawali."
Sunan ad-Darimi 3217No grade recorded
كَانَتْ أُمِّي مَوْلَاةً لِلْحُرَقَةِ وَكَانَ أَبِي يَعْقُوبُ مُكَاتَبًا لِمَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ النَّصْرِيِّ ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبِي أَدَّى كِتَابَتَهُ فَدَخَلَ الْحُرَقِيُّ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ فسَأَلَ لي الْحَقَّ يَعْنِي الْعَطَاءَ وَعِنْدَهُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ فَقَالَ ذَاكَ مَوْلَايَ فَاخْتَصَمَا إِلَى عُثْمَانَ فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلْحُرَقِيِّ
✧ My mother was a mawla of al-Huraqa, and my father Ya'qub was a mukatab of Malik b. Aws b. al-Hadathan al-Nasri. Then my father paid his kitaba, so al-Huraqi entered upon Uthman and asked for the right for me, meaning the stipend, while Malik b. Aws was with him. He said: "That is my mawla." They disputed before Uthman, and he ruled in favor of al-Huraqi.
Sunan ad-Darimi 3218Accepted
أن رَجُلًا تُوُفِّيَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَارِثٌ فَكُتِبَ فِيهِ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَهُوَ خَلِيفَةٌ فَكَتَبَ «أَنْ قسِمُوا مِيرَاثَهُ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ يَأْخُذُ مَعَهُمُ الْعَطَاءَ» فَقُسِمَ مِيرَاثُهُ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ يَأْخُذُ مَعَهُمُ الْعَطَاءَ فِي عِرَافَتِهِ
✧ A man died leaving no heir. It was written about him to Umar b. Abd al-Aziz while he was caliph, and he wrote: "Distribute his inheritance among those who receive the stipend with them." So his inheritance was distributed among those who received the stipend with them in his administrative unit.