20. ✧ The caliphate and governance

1. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2502No grade recorded

   لَمَّا كَانَتْ غَزْوَةُ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَيْشًا وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ ؓ، وَفِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ، وَهِيَ الْغَزْوَةُ الَّتِي يَفْتَخِرُ بِهَا أَهْلُ الشَّامِ، يَقُولُونَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعْمَلَ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ ؓ عَلَى جَيْشٍ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَسْتَنْفِرُوا مَنْ مَرُّوا بِهِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَمَرُّوا بِنَا فِي دَارِنَا فَاسْتَنْفَرُونَا فَنَفَرْنَا مَعَهُمْ، فَقُلْتُ: لَأَتَخَيَّرَنَّ لِنَفْسِي رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخْدُمُهُ وَأَتَعَلَّمُ مِنْهُ، فَإِنِّي لَسْتُ أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ آتِيَ الْمَدِينَةَ كُلَّمَا شِئْتُ، فَتَخَيَّرْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ فَصَحِبْتُهُ، وَكَانَ لَهُ كِسَاءٌ فَدَكِيٌّ نَحُلُّهُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا رَكِبَ، نَلْبَسُهُ جَمِيعًا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا، وَهُوَ الْكِسَاءُ الَّذِي عَيَّرَتْهُ بِهِ هَوَازِنُ فَقَالُوا: ذَا الْجِلَالِ نُتَابِعُ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا غَزَاتَنَا رَجَعْنَا وَلَمْ أَسْأَلْهُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ، قُلْتُ لَهُ: إِنِّي قَدْ صَحِبْتُكَ وَلِي عَلَيْكَ حَقٌّ، وَلَمْ أَسْأَلْكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ، فَعَلِّمْنِي مَا يَنْفَعُنِي ; فَإِنِّي لَسْتُ أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ آتِيَ الْمَدِينَةَ كُلَّ سَبْتٍ. قَالَ ؓ: قَدْ كَانَ فِي نَفْسِي ذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَذْكُرَهُ لِي، اعْبُدِ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ، وَآتِ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ، وَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ، وَصُمْ رَمَضَانَ، وَلَا تَأَمَّرَنَّ عَلَى رَجُلَيْنِ. قُلْتُ: أَمَّا الصَّلَاةُ وَالزَّكَاةُ فَقَدْ عَرَفْتُهَا، وَأَمَّا الْإِمَارَةُ فَإِنَّمَا يُصِيبُ النَّاسُ الْخَيْرَ مِنَ الْإِمَارَةِ. قَالَ: إِنَّكَ قَدِ اسْتَجْهَدْتَنِي فَجَهَدْتُ لَكَ، إِنَّ النَّاسَ دَخَلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ طَوْعًا وَكَرْهًا فَأَجَارَهُمُ اللهُ مِنَ الظُّلْمِ، فَهُمْ عُوَّاذُ اللهِ، وَجِيرَانُ اللهِ، وَفِي ذِمَّةِ اللهِ وَمَنْ يَظْلِمْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ، فَإِنَّمَا يَخْفِرُ رَبَّهُ، وَاللهِ إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَتُؤْخَذُ شَاةُ جَارِهِ أَوْ بَعِيرُهُ فَيَظَلُّ بَاقِيَ عَفَلَتِهِ غَضَبًا لِجَارِهِ، وَاللهُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ جَارِهِ. فَلَمَّا رَجَعْنَا إِلَى دِيَارِنَا وَقُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَبَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ وَاسْتُخْلِفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ، فَقُلْتُ: مَنِ اسْتُخْلِفَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ قَالُوا: صَاحِبُكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ. فَأَتَيْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أَتَعَرَّضُ لَهُ حَتَّى وَجَدْتُهُ خَالِيًا، فَأَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: أَمَا تَعْرِفُنِي ؟ أَنَا صَاحِبُكَ. قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قُلْتُ: أَمَا تَحْفَظُ مَا قُلْتَ لِي لَا تَأَمَّرَنَّ عَلَى رَجُلَيْنِ، وَتَأَمَّرْتَ عَلَى النَّاسِ ؟ قَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ تُوُفِّيَ وَالنَّاسُ حَدِيثُ عَهْدٍ بِجَاهِلِيَّةٍ، وَحَمَلَنِي أَصْحَابِي وَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَرْتَدُّوا فَوَاللهِ مَا زَالَ يَعْتَذِرُ حَتَّى عَذَرْتُهُ. وَزَادَ جَرِيرٌ فِيهِ: قَالَ: وَكُنْتُ أَسُوقُ الْغَنَمَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَلَمْ يَزَلِ الْأَمْرُ بِي حَتَّى صِرْتُ عَرِيفًا فِي إِمَارَةِ الْحَجَّاجِ،

   ✧ During the expedition of Dhat al-Salasil, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent an army and appointed ‘Amr b. al-‘As ؓ over them, and Abu Bakr ؓ was among them. It was the expedition of which the people of Syria boast, saying: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed ‘Amr b. al-‘As ؓ over an army that included Abu Bakr ؓ, and he ordered them to call to arms any Muslims they passed by. They passed by us at our home and called us to arms, so we went out with them. I said: I will choose for myself a man from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ to serve and learn from, for I cannot come to Madinah whenever I wish. So I chose Abu Bakr ؓ and accompanied him. He had a Fadak cloak that we would drape over him when he rode, and we would all wear it when we dismounted—the same cloak for which Hawazin reproached him, saying: This one with the large cloak—we are to follow him after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? When we finished our expedition and returned, I had not asked him about anything. I said to him: I have accompanied you, and I have a right upon you, yet I have not asked you about anything. Teach me what will benefit me, for I cannot come to Madinah every week. He ؓ said: That was already on my mind before you mentioned it. Worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, establish the obligatory prayer, give the prescribed zakat, perform pilgrimage to the House, fast Ramadan, and never take command over two men. I said: As for prayer and zakat, I know them. As for command, people only attain good through command. He said: You have pressed me, and I have exerted myself for you. People entered Islam willingly and unwillingly, and Allah gave them refuge from oppression. They are Allah's refugees, Allah's neighbors, and under Allah's protection. Whoever wrongs any of them breaks his covenant with his Lord. By Allah, if one of you loses a sheep or camel belonging to his neighbor, he remains angry for his neighbor's sake for the rest of his life, and Allah is behind his neighbor. When we returned to our homes, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, and the people pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr ؓ, and Abu Bakr ؓ was appointed as successor. I said: Who was appointed successor after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? They said: Your companion, Abu Bakr. So I came to Madinah and kept seeking him out until I found him alone. I took his hand and said: Do you not recognize me? I am your companion. He said: Yes. I said: Do you not remember what you told me: Never take command over two men—yet you have taken command over the people? He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while the people were still new to leaving the days of ignorance, and my companions placed this burden on me, and I feared they would apostatize. By Allah, he kept apologizing until I excused him. Jarir added in it: He said: In the days of ignorance I used to drive sheep, and the matter kept progressing with me until I became an ‘arif during the governorship of al-Hajjaj.

2. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2503No grade recorded

   لَا خَيْرَةَ فِي الْإِمْرَةِ لِرَجُلٍ مُؤْمِنٍ

   ✧ There is no good in leadership for a believing man.

3. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2504No grade recorded

   إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ الْمِقْدَادَ بْنَ الْأَسْوَدِ ؓ بَعْثًا، فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ قَالَ: كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ بَعْثَكَ ؟ قَالَ: مَا زِلْتُ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ مَنْ مَعِي خَوَلٌ لِي، فَايْمُ اللهِ لَا أَعْمَلُ عَلَى رَجُلَيْنِ مَا دُمْتُ حَيًّا

   ✧ The Messenger of God ﷺ sent al-Miqdad b. al-Aswad ؓ on an expedition. When he returned, he said: "How did you find your expedition?" He said: "I kept going until I thought that those with me were my servants. By God, I will never take charge of two men as long as I live."

4. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2505No grade recorded

   أَنَّهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَعْمِلَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَكْرَهُ ذَلِكَ، فَغَضِبَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ لَا بُدَّ لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي نَحْنُ فِيهِ مِنْ أَعْوَانٍ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ سَمَحَ لَهُ وَقَالَ: أَنْطَلِقُ إِلَى أَهْلِي فَأُوصِيهِمْ، ثُمَّ أَرُوحُ. فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ. فَخَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَلَقِيَهُ عَمُّهُ، فَقَالَ: آمُرُكَ أَنْ لَا تَفْعَلَ. قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ بِأَمْرِهِ. قَالَ: تَرُوحُ وَأَرُوحُ مَعَكَ ; فَإِنَّهُ إِذَا رَآكَ فَسَيَقُولُ لَكَ: أَمَا رُحْتَ ؟ فَقُلْ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنِّي أَسْتَخِيرُكَ فَفَعَلَ، فَقَالَ: مَنْ نَهَاكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: فُلَانٌ - لِعَمِّهِ - فَقَالَ: أَمَا إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ، وَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَعْمِلَ رَجُلًا عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ عَمَلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، إِنِّي أَسْتَخِيرُكَ. قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: فَإِنِّي أَخْتَارُ لَكَ أَنْ تَجْلِسَ، فَإِنَّهُ لَنْ يُؤَمَّرَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى عَشَرَةٍ أَبَدًا إِلَّا أَتَى اللهَ تَعَالَى مَغْلُولًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، حَتَّى يَكُونَ عَمَلُهُ هُوَ الَّذِي يَحِلُّ عَنْهُ. وَكَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ مُتَّكِئًا ؓ، فَاسْتَوَى جَالِسًا فَجَعَلَ يُنَادِي: أَيُّ عَمَلٍ يَحِلُّ عَنْهُ ؟ فَنَادَى بِذَلِكَ مِرَارًا

   ✧ He wanted to appoint a man from among the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ, but the man disliked that. Umar ؓ became angry and said: "This matter in which we are engaged must have helpers." When the man saw that, he relented and said: "I will go to my family and instruct them, then I will return." He said: "Yes." So he left him, and his paternal uncle met him and said: "I urge you not to do it." He said: "What about his command?" He said: "You return and I return with you; when he sees you, he will say to you: 'Have you not returned?' Say: 'O Commander of the Faithful, I ask you to excuse me.'" So he did that, and he said: "Who forbade you?" He said: "So-and-so"—meaning his uncle. He said: "Indeed I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say"—and he had wanted to appoint a man over some affair of the Muslims, but the man said: "O Messenger of God, I ask you to excuse me." The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "I choose for you to sit, for no man is ever put in charge of ten without coming to God Almighty in fetters on the Day of Resurrection, until his deeds are what release him." Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ was reclining, so he sat up straight and began calling out: "What deed will release him?" He repeated this several times.

5. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2506No grade recorded

   كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ ؓ عَنْ عَهْدِهِ، فَقَالَ: لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِ، سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ الْوُلَاةَ يُجَاءُ بِهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيَقِفُونَ عَلَى جِسْرِ جَهَنَّمَ، فَمَنْ كَانَ مُطَاوِعًا لِلهِ يُنَاوِلُهُ اللهُ بِيَمِينِهِ حَتَّى يُنْجِيَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ عَاصِيًا لِلهِ انْخَرَقَ بِهِ الْجِسْرُ إِلَى وَادٍ مِنْ نَارٍ يَتَلَهَّبُ الْتِهَابًا قَالَ: فَأَرْسَلَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِلَى أَبِي ذَرٍّ وَإِلَى سَلْمَانَ ؓ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي ذَرٍّ ؓ: أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ وَاللهِ، وَبَعْدَ الْوَادِي وَادٍ آخَرُ مِنْ نَارٍ. قَالَ: وَسَأَلَ سَلْمَانَ ؓ فَكَرِهَ أَنْ يُخْبِرَهُ بِشَيْءٍ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: مَنْ يَأْخُذُهَا بِمَا فِيهَا ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ ؓ: مَنْ سَلَبَ اللهُ عَيْنَهُ وَأَنْفَهُ وَأَصْدَعَ خَدَّهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ

   ✧ Umar ؓ wrote to him about his covenant, but he said: "I have no need of it. I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: 'The governors will be brought on the Day of Resurrection and made to stand on the bridge of Hell. Whoever was obedient to God, God will take him by His right hand and save him. Whoever was disobedient to God, the bridge will collapse with him into a valley of fire, blazing fiercely.'" He said: "So Umar ؓ sent for Abu Dharr and Salman ؓ and said to Abu Dharr ؓ: 'Did you hear this from the Messenger of God ﷺ?' He said: 'Yes, by God, and after the valley there is another valley of fire.'" He said: "He asked Salman ؓ, but he disliked telling him anything. Umar ؓ said: 'Who will take it with all its consequences?' Abu Dharr ؓ said: 'One whose eye God has plucked out, whose nose He has cut off, and whose cheek He has cleft to the ground.'"

6. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2507No grade recorded

   2507 2099 / 2 - وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ: ثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، بِهِ.:

   ✧ 2507 2099 / 2 - And al-Hasan b. Sufyan said: Abu Bakr narrated to us, with it.

7. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2508No grade recorded

   بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَنْ يَسْتَعِينَ بِهِ، عَلَى بَعْضِ الصَّدَقَةِ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَعْمَلَ لَهُ فَقَالَ: لِمَ ؟ قَالَ: لِأَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ أُتِيَ بِالْوَالِي فَقُذِفَ عَلَى جِسْرِ جَهَنَّمَ، فَيَأْمُرُ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْجِسْرَ، فَيَنْهَضُ بِهِ انْتِهَاضَةً يَزُولُ عَنْهُ كُلُّ عَظْمٍ مِنْهُ عَنْ مَكَانِهِ، ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْعِظَامَ فَتَرْجِعُ إِلَى مَكَانِهَا، فَإِنْ كَانَ لِلهِ مُطِيعًا أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ وَأَعْطَاهُ كِفْلَيْنِ مِنْ رَحْمَتِهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ لِلهِ عَاصِيًا خُرِقَ بِهِ الْجِسْرُ فَهَوَى فِي جَهَنَّمَ سَبْعِينَ عَامًا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَهُ ؓ: سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا لَمْ نَسْمَعْ، وَكَانَ سَلْمَانُ وَأَبُو ذَرٍّ ؓ جَالِسَيْنِ، فَقَالَ سَلْمَانُ ؓ: نَعَمْ وَاللهِ يَا عُمَرُ، مَعَ السَّبْعِينَ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا فِي وَادٍ مِنْ نَارٍ يَلْتَهِبُ الْتِهَابًا. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ بِيَدِهِ عَلَى جَبْهَتِهِ: إِنَّا لِلهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ، مَنْ يَأْخُذُهَا بِمَا فِيهَا ؟ فَقَالَ: مَنْ سَلَبَ اللهُ أَنْفَهُ وَأَلْصَقَ خَدَّهُ بِالْأَرْضِ

   ✧ Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ sent for him to seek his help with some of the alms, but he refused to work for him. He said: "Why?" He said: "Because I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: 'When the Day of Resurrection comes, the governor will be brought and thrown onto the bridge of Hell. God Almighty will command the bridge and it will jolt him with a jolt that every bone in his body shifts from its place. Then God Almighty will command the bones and they will return to their places. If he was obedient to God, He will take him by the hand and give him a double portion of His mercy. If he was disobedient to God, the bridge will be pierced with him and he will fall into Hell for seventy years.'" Umar ؓ said to him: "You have heard from the Messenger of God ﷺ what we have not heard." Salman and Abu Dharr ؓ were sitting there, and Salman ؓ said: "Yes, by God, O Umar, along with the seventy there are seventy autumns in a valley of fire, blazing fiercely." Umar ؓ put his hand on his forehead and said: "Indeed we belong to God and to Him we return. Who will take it with all its consequences?" He said: "One whose nose God has cut off and whose cheek He has made cling to the ground."

8. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2509No grade recorded

   إِنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ، أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَعْمِلَ بِشْرَ بْنَ عَاصِمٍ، فَقَالَ: لَا أَعْمَلُ لَكَ. قَالَ: لِمَ ؟ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: يُؤْتَى بِالْوَالِي فَيُوقَفُ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ فَيَهْتَزُّ بِهِ حَتَّى يَزُولَ كُلُّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهُ عَنْ مَكَانِهِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ عَدْلًا مَضَى، وَإِنْ كَانَ جَائِرًا هَوَى فِي النَّارِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا. فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ ؓ الْمَسْجِدَ وَهُوَ مُنْتَقِعُ اللَّوْنِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو ذَرٍّ ؓ: مَا شَأْنُكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؟ قَالَ: حَدِيثٌ حَدَّثَنِيهِ بِشْرُ بْنُ عَاصِمٍ. قَالَ: وَمَا هُوَ ؟ فَحَدَّثَهُ بِهِ. فَقَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ ؓ: نَعَمْ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: فَمَنْ يَرْغَبُ فِي الْعَمَلِ بَعْدَ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ ؓ: مَنْ أَسْلَبَ اللهُ تَعَالَى أَنْفَهُ وَأَصْدَعَ خَدَّهُ

   ✧ Umar ؓ wanted to appoint Bishr b. 'Asim, so he said: "I will not work for you." He said: "Why?" He said: "I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: 'The governor will be brought and made to stand on the bridge, and it will shake him until every limb of his shifts from its place. If he was just, he will pass on; but if he was unjust, he will fall into the Fire for seventy autumns.'" Umar ؓ entered the mosque with a changed complexion. Abu Dharr ؓ said to him: "What is the matter with you, O Commander of the Faithful?" He said: "A hadith that Bishr b. 'Asim told me." He said: "What is it?" So he told him. Abu Dharr ؓ said: "Yes, I heard it from the Messenger of God ﷺ." Umar ؓ said: "Who would desire authority after this?" Abu Dharr ؓ said: "One whose nose God Almighty has cut off and whose cheek He has cleft."

9. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2510No grade recorded

   اسْتَعْمَلَ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لِيُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: إِيَّاكَ يَا سَعْدُ أَنْ تَجِيءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَحْمِلُ عَلَى عُنُقِكَ بَعِيرًا لَهُ رُغَاءٌ. فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، فَإِنْ فَعَلْتُ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ لَكَائِنٌ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: قَدْ عَلِمْتَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَنِّي أُسْأَلُ فَأُعْطِي فَأَعْفِنِي، فَأَعْفَاهُ

   ✧ He appointed Sa'd b. 'Ubadah, and he came to the Prophet ﷺ to greet him. The Prophet ﷺ said to him: "Beware, O Sa'd, lest you come on the Day of Resurrection carrying on your neck a camel with a loud bray." He said: "O Messenger of God, if I do that, will that happen?" He said: "Yes." He said: "You know, O Prophet of God, that I am asked and I give, so excuse me." So he excused him.

10. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2511No grade recorded

    وَكَتَبَ مُسَيْلِمَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ: مِنْ مُسَيْلِمَةَ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ لِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَإِنَّ لِقُرَيْشٍ نِصْفَ الْأَرْضِ، وَلَنَا نِصْفَ الْأَرْضِ وَلَكِنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَوْمٌ يَعْتَدُونَ، وَشَهِدَ الرَّجُلَانِ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ. وَقَالَا: إِنَّ مُسَيْلِمَةَ لَا يُنْكِرُ ذَلِكَ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَدْ أُشْرِكَ مَعَكَ فِي الْأَمْرِ، وَأُحْدِثَتْ إِلَيْهِ نُبُوَّةٌ مَعَ نُبُوَّتِكَ.

    ✧ Musaylima wrote to the Messenger of God ﷺ: "From Musaylima b. Habib to Muhammad, the Messenger of God ﷺ. Peace be upon you. Now then, Quraysh have half the earth and we have half the earth, but Quraysh are a people who transgress." And the two men bore witness that Muhammad ﷺ is the Messenger of God. They said: "Musaylima does not deny that, except that he has been made a partner with you in the affair, and a prophethood has been brought to him alongside your prophethood."

11. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2512No grade recorded

    قَامَ مُعَاوِيَةُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: النَّاسُ تَبَعٌ لِقُرَيْشٍ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ، خِيَارُهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ خِيَارُهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ إِذَا فَقُهُوا، وَلَوْلَا أَنْ تَبْطَرَ قُرَيْشٌ لَأَخْبَرْتُهَا بِمَا لَهَا عِنْدَ اللهِ.

    ✧ Mu'awiya stood on the pulpit and said: "I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: 'People are followers of Quraysh in this matter, their best in the pre-Islamic era are their best in Islam if they gain understanding. Were it not that Quraysh would become arrogant, I would have told them what they have with God.'"

12. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2513No grade recorded

    كُنْتُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، إِنَّكُمُ الْوُلَاةُ بَعْدِي لِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ... وَلا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ وَاعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللهِ جَمِيعًا إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ، وَاحْفَظُونِي فِي الْأَنْصَارِ وَأَبْنَائِهِمْ وَأَبْنَاءِ أَبْنَائِهِمْ

    ✧ I was with the Prophet ﷺ and he said: "O assembly of Quraysh, you are the governors after me of this affair... do not die except as Muslims, and hold fast to the rope of God all together" to the end of the verse, "and preserve me in the Ansar and their children and their children's children."

13. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2514No grade recorded

    كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: حَلِيفُ الْقَوْمِ مِنْهُمْ، وَابْنُ أُخْتِ الْقَوْمِ مِنْهُمْ.

    ✧ I was sitting with the Prophet ﷺ and he said: "The ally of a people is one of them, and the son of a people's sister is one of them."

14. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2515No grade recorded

    إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَقَالَ: أَلَا إِنَّ الْأُمَرَاءَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، أَلَا إِنَّ الْأُمَرَاءَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، مَا أَقَامُوا بِثَلَاثٍ، مَا حَكَمُوا فَعَدَلُوا، وَمَا عَاهَدُوا فَوَفَوْا، وَمَا اسْتُرْحِمُوا فَرَحِمُوا، فَمَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ

    ✧ The Messenger of God ﷺ addressed the people one day and said: "Verily, the rulers are from Quraysh. Verily, the rulers are from Quraysh, as long as they uphold three things: when they judge, they are just; when they make a covenant, they fulfill it; and when they are asked for mercy, they show mercy. Whoever among them does not do that, upon him is the curse of God, the angels, and all people."

15. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2516No grade recorded

    أَحْجَمَتْ عَلَيْنَا السَّنَةُ نَابِغَةَ بْنَ جَعْدَةَ، وَنَحْنُ مَعَ ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ؓ بِمَكَّةَ، فَوَقَفَ بَعْدَ مَا صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ بِالنَّاسِ بِالْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ، فَقَالَ: حَكَيْتَ لَنَا الصِّدِّيقَ لَمَّا وَلِيتَنَا وَعُثْمَانَ وَالْفَارُوقَ فَارْتَاحَ مُعْدِمُ أَتَاكَ أَبُو لَيْلَى يُشَقُّ بِهِ الدُّجَى دُجَى اللَّيْلِ جَوَّابُ الْفَلَاةِ عَثَمْثَمُ لِتَرْفَعَ مِنْهُ جَانِبًا ذَعْذَعَتْ بِهِ صُرُوفُ اللَّيَالِي وَالزَّمَانُ الْمُصَمْصِمُ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ؓ: أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ أَبَا لَيْلَى، فَإِنَّ الشِّعْرَ أَهْوَنُ وَسَائِلِكَ عَلَيْنَا، أَمَّا صَفْوَةُ مَالِنَا فَلِآلِ الزُّبَيْرِ: وَأَمَّا عَفْوَتُهُ فَإِنَّ بَنِي أَسَدٍ تَشْغَلُنَا عَنْكَ، وَلَكِنْ لَكَ فِي مَالِ اللهِ حَقَّانِ: حَقٌّ بِرُؤْيَتِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ، وَحَقٌّ بِشَرِكَتِكَ أَهْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَأَمَرَ أَنْ تُوقَرَ لَهُ الرِّكَابُ حَبًّا وَتَمْرًا، فَجَعَلَ أَبُو لَيْلَى يُعَجِّلُ وَيَأْكُلُ مِنَ التَّمْرِ وَالْحَبِّ وَابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ؓ يَقُولُ لَهُ: لَقَدْ بَلَغَ بِكَ الْجَهْدُ أَبَا لَيْلَى، فَلَمَّا قَضَى نَهْمَتَهُ قَالَ: أَشْهَدُ لَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: مَا وَلِيَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فَعَدَلَتْ، وَاسْتُرْحِمَتْ فَرَحِمَتْ، وَحَدَّثَتْ فَصَدَقَتْ، وَوَعَدَتْ خَيْرًا فَأَنْجَزَتْ، فَأَنَا وَالنَّبِيُّونَ عَلَى الْحَوْضِ فَرَطٌ لِلْقَاصِفِينَ

    ✧ The year of famine pressed hard upon us, [affecting] Nabighah b. Ja'dah, while we were with Ibn al-Zubayr ؓ in Makkah. He stood after leading the people in the morning prayer in the Sacred Mosque and said: "You have imitated for us al-Siddiq when you governed us, and Uthman and al-Faruq, so the destitute rejoiced. Abu Layla came to you, cleaving through the darkness, the darkness of night, a traverser of the desert, sturdy. So that you might raise a side that the vicissitudes of nights and the calamitous time have shattered." Ibn al-Zubayr ؓ said to him: "Restrain yourself, Abu Layla, for poetry is the least of your means to us. As for the choice of our wealth, it belongs to the family of al-Zubayr. As for its surplus, the Banu Asad keep us preoccupied from you. But you have two rights in the wealth of God: a right due to your seeing the Messenger of God ﷺ, and a right due to your partnership with the people of Islam." He ordered that mounts be loaded for him with grain and dates. Abu Layla began to hasten and eat from the dates and grain, while Ibn al-Zubayr ؓ said to him: "Hardship has taken its toll on you, Abu Layla." When he had satisfied his appetite, he said: "I bear witness that I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: 'Quraysh have not governed but they have been just; have not been asked for mercy but they have shown mercy; have not spoken but they have spoken truth; and have not promised good but they have fulfilled it. So I and the prophets will be at the forefront of the Hawd for those who are driven away.'"

16. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2517No grade recorded

    قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ وَقَدْ مَاتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَاسْتُخْلِفَ عُمَرُ ؓ. فَقُلْتُ لِعُمَرَ: ارْفَعْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ عَلَى مَا بَايَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ صَاحِبَكَ قَبْلَكَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ

    ✧ I came to Madinah after Abu Bakr ؓ had died and Umar ؓ had been appointed as his successor. I said to Umar: "Raise your hand so that I may pledge allegiance to you upon what I pledged allegiance to your companion before you: upon hearing and obedience as much as I am able."

17. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2518No grade recorded

    وَقَالَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ: حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، نَحْوَهُ. وَفِي آخِرِهِ يَعْنِي: النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ.:

    ✧ Al-Tayalisi said: Hammad b. Salamah narrated to us something similar. And at the end of it, meaning: the Prophet ﷺ and Abu Bakr al-Siddiq ؓ.

18. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2519No grade recorded

    شَهِدْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ وَهُوَ يُبَايِعُ النَّاسَ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ تَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ الْعِصَابَةُ فَيَقُولُ لَهُمْ: بَايِعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ لِلهِ، وَلِكِتَابِهِ ثُمَّ لِلْأَمِيرِ. فَتَعَلَّقْتُ بِسَوْطِي، وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ غُلَامٌ مُحْتَلِمٌ أَوْ نَحْوُهُ، فَلَمَّا خَلَا مَنْ عِنْدَهُ أَتَيْتُهُ، فَقُلْتُ: أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ لِلهِ وَلِكِتَابِهِ، وَلِلْأَمِيرِ. قَالَ: فَصَعَّدَ فِيَّ الْبَصَرَ وَصَوَّبَهُ.

    ✧ I witnessed Abu Bakr al-Siddiq ؓ while he was accepting the pledge of allegiance from the people after the death of the Messenger of God ﷺ. A group would gather around him and he would say to them: "Pledge allegiance to me upon hearing and obedience to God and His Book, then to the commander." I clung to my whip, and I was at that time a boy who had reached puberty or around that. When those with him had dispersed, I came to him and said: "I pledge allegiance to you upon hearing and obedience to God and His Book, and to the commander." He said: "He looked me up and down."

19. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2520No grade recorded

    دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النِّسَاءَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ، فَقَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَلَا تَحْسِرُ لَنَا عَنْ يَدِكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَا أُصَافِحُ النِّسَاءَ

    ✧ The Messenger of God ﷺ called the believing women to the pledge of allegiance. Asma' said: "O Messenger of God, will you not uncover your hand for us?" He said: "I do not shake hands with women."

20. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2521No grade recorded

    أَتَيْتُ عُمَرَ ؓ فَبَايَعْتُهُ وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ، عَلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ وَسُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ، هِيَ لَنَا وَهِيَ عَلَيْنَا، فَضَحِكَ وَبَايَعَنِي

    ✧ I came to Umar ؓ and pledged allegiance to him while I was a boy, upon the Book of God and the Sunnah of His Prophet, that it is for us and upon us. He laughed and accepted my allegiance.

21. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2522No grade recorded

    جَاءَتْ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ ؓ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لِتُبَايِعَهُ، فَقَالَ: اذْهَبِي فَغَيِّرِي يَدَكِ. قَالَتْ: فَذَهَبَتْ فَغَيَّرَتْهَا بِحِنَّاءٍ، ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: أُبَايِعُكِ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكِي بِاللهِ شَيْئًا، وَلَا تَسْرِقِي، وَلَا تَزْنِي. قَالَتْ: أَوَتَزْنِي الْحُرَّةُ ؟ قَالَ: وَلَا تَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَادَكُنَّ خَشْيَةَ إِمْلَاقٍ. قَالَتْ: وَهَلْ تَرَكْتَ لَنَا أَوْلَادًا نَقْتُلُهُمْ ؟ قَالَتْ: فَبَايَعَتْهُ. ثُمَّ قَالَتْ لَهُ وَعَلَيْهَا سِوَارَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ: مَا تَقُولُ فِي هَذَيْنِ السِّوَارَيْنِ ؟ قَالَ ﷺ: جَمْرَتَانِ مِنْ جَمْرِ جَهَنَّمَ.

    ✧ Hind bt. Utbah b. Rabi'ah ؓ came to the Messenger of God ﷺ to pledge allegiance to him. He said: "Go and change your hand." She said: "So she went and changed it with henna, then came to the Messenger of God ﷺ. He said: 'I accept your allegiance upon that you do not associate anything with God, do not steal, and do not commit adultery.' She said: 'Does a free woman commit adultery?' He said: 'And do not kill your children for fear of poverty.' She said: 'Have you left us any children to kill?' She said: 'So she pledged allegiance to him.' Then she said to him, while wearing two gold bracelets: 'What do you say about these two bracelets?' He ﷺ said: 'Two embers from the embers of Hell.'"

22. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2523No grade recorded

    إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يُؤَيِّدُ الْإِسْلَامَ بِرِجَالٍ مَا هُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ.

    ✧ God, Blessed and Exalted, supports Islam with men who are not from its people.

23. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2524No grade recorded

    إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَيُؤَيِّدُ هَذَا الدِّينَ بِالرَّجُلِ الْفَاجِرِ.

    ✧ God, Mighty and Majestic, indeed supports this religion with the wicked man.

24. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2525No grade recorded

    إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَ سَرِيَّةً فَاسْتَقْرَأَهُمْ، فَقَرَأَ شَيْخٌ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ شَابٌّ فَاسْتَعْمَلَهُ، فَقَالَ الشَّيْخُ: اسْتَعْمَلْتَهُ عَلَيَّ، وَأَنَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْهُ سِنًّا ؟ فَقَالَ ﷺ: إِنَّهُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْكَ قُرْآنًا.

    ✧ The Messenger of God ﷺ sent out a military expedition and had them recite. An old man recited, then a young man recited, so he appointed the young man. The old man said: "You appointed him over me, while I am older than him in age?" He ﷺ said: "He has more Qur'an than you."

25. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2526No grade recorded

    خَرَجْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَنَا أَمِيرُ مَكَّةَ نَافِعُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ، وَتَسَمَّى بِنَافِعٍ عَمٍّ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: مَنِ اسْتَخْلَفْتَ عَلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ ؟ قَالَ: عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَبْزَى. قَالَ: عَمَدْتَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمَوَالِي وَاسْتَخْلَفْتَهُ عَلَى مَنْ بِهَا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَأَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ وَجَدْتُهُ أَقْرَأَهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللهِ، وَمَكَّةُ أَرْضٌ مُحْتَضَرَةٌ، فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَسْمَعُوا كِتَابَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ رَجُلٍ حَسَنِ الْقِرَاءَةِ. فَقَالَ: نِعْمَ مَا رَأَيْتَ، إِنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ أَبْزَى مِمَّنْ يَرْفَعُهُ اللهُ بِالْقُرْآنِ

    ✧ I went out with Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ to Makkah. The governor of Makkah, Nafi' b. 'Alqamah—who was named after an uncle of his—met us. He asked: "Whom have you appointed as your successor over the people of Makkah?" He said: "Abd al-Rahman b. Abza." He said: "You chose a man from the clients and appointed him over the Quraysh and the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ who are there?" He said: "Yes, I found him to be the best reciter of the Book of God among them, and Makkah is a land that is frequently visited, so I wanted them to hear the Book of God, Mighty and Majestic, from a man with excellent recitation." He said: "What a good opinion you have. Abd al-Rahman b. Abza is among those whom God raises through the Qur'an."

26. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2527No grade recorded

    أَنَّهُ كَانَ قَائِمًا عَلَى رَأْسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَعُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ يُكَلِّمُهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمُغِيرَةُ: لَتَكُفَّنَّ يَدَكَ أَوْ لَا تَرْجِعُ إِلَيْكَ، وَالْمُغِيرَةُ يَتَقَلَّدُ سَيْفًا. فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: هَذَا ابْنُ أَخِيكَ الْمُغِيرَةُ. فَقَالَ: يَا غُدَرُ، مَا غَسَلْتُ رَأْسِي مِنْ غَدْرَتِكَ.

    ✧ He was standing over the head of the Messenger of God ﷺ while ʿUrwa b. Masʿūd was speaking to him. Al-Mughīra said to him, 'You will surely restrain your hand, or it will not return to you,' and al-Mughīra was girded with a sword. ʿUrwa said, 'Who is this?' He said, 'This is your nephew al-Mughīra.' He said, 'O treacherous one, I have not yet washed my head of your treachery.'

27. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2528No grade recorded

    أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ، خَطَبَ فَقَالَ: أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا أَنَا بِخَيْرِكُمْ، لَقَدْ كُنْتُ لِمَقَامِي هَذَا كَارِهًا، وَلَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ فِيكُمْ مَنْ يَكْفِينِي، أَفَتَظُنُّونَ أَنِّي أَعْمَلُ فِيكُمْ بِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، إِذًا لَا أَقُومُ بِهَا، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُعْصَمُ بِالْوَحْيِ، وَكَانَ مَعَهُ مَلَكٌ، وَإِنَّ لِي شَيْطَانًا يَعْتَرِينِي، فَإِذَا غَضِبْتُ فَاجْتَنِبُونِي أَنْ لَا أُؤْثِرَ فِي أَشْعَارِكُمْ وَأَبْشَارِكُمْ، أَلَا فَرَاعُونِي فَإِنِ اسْتَقَمْتُ فَأَعِينُونِي، وَإِنْ زِغْتُ فَقَوِّمُونِي قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: خُطْبَةٌ وَاللهِ مَا خُطِبَ بِهَا بَعْدَهُ.

    ✧ Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ؓ gave a sermon and said: 'By God, I am not the best of you. I was averse to this position of mine, and I wished there were among you someone who could suffice me. Do you think that I would act among you according to the Sunnah of the Messenger of God ﷺ? If so, I would not be able to establish it. The Messenger of God ﷺ was protected by revelation, and an angel was with him. But I have a devil that comes upon me. So when I become angry, avoid me, lest I affect your hair and your skin. Indeed, tend to me: if I am upright, help me; if I deviate, correct me.' Al-Ḥasan said: 'A sermon, by God, none after him gave the like of it.'

28. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2529No grade recorded

    خَطَبَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ، فَذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ. رَوَى أَحْمَدُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ قَيْسِ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ بَعْضَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ:،::

    ✧ Abū Bakr ؓ gave a sermon, and he mentioned the like of it. Aḥmad narrated from the ḥadīth of Qays b. Abī Ḥāzim, from Abū Bakr ؓ, part of it with its meaning.

29. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2530No grade recorded

    كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَأْمُرُ عُمَّالَهُ فَيُوَافُونَهُ الْمَوْسِمَ، فَيَقُولُ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي لَمْ أَسْتَعْمِلْ عُمَّالَكُمْ - أَوْ قَالَ: عُمَّالِي - لِيُصِيبُوا مِنْ أَبْشَارِكُمْ وَلَا مِنْ أَمْوَالِكُمْ وَلَا مِنْ أَعْرَاضِكُمْ، وَلَكِنِّي إِنَّمَا اسْتَعْمَلْتُهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ لِيَحْجِزُوا بَيْنَكُمْ، وَلِيَقْسِمُوا فِيكُمْ، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ مَظْلِمَةٌ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ فَلْيَقُمْ، فَمَا قَامَ مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ غَيْرُ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، عَامِلُكَ ضَرَبَنِي مِائَةَ سَوْطٍ. قَالَ: قُمْ فَاسْتَقِدْ مِنْهُ. فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ ؓ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَفْتَحْ هَذَا عَلَى عُمَّالِكَ يَكُونُ سُنَّةً يُسْتَنُّ بِهَا بَعْدَكَ. فَقَالَ: أَنَا لَا أُقِيدُ مِنْهُ، وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُقِيدُ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ ؟ قَالَ عَمْرٌو: دَعْنَا فَلْنُرْضِهِ، قَالَ: فَأَرْضُوهُ، فَافْتَدَوْا مِنْهُ بِمِائَتَيْ دِينَارٍ، كُلُّ سَوْطٍ بِدِينَارَيْنِ

    ✧ ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ used to command his governors, and they would meet him at the pilgrimage season. He would say: 'O people, I have not appointed your governors—or he said: my governors—to take from your skins, your wealth, or your honor. I appointed them over you only to restrain among you and to distribute among you. So whoever has suffered an injustice at the hands of any of them, let him stand up.' On that day none stood except one man, who said: 'O Commander of the Faithful, your governor struck me a hundred lashes.' He said: 'Stand and take retaliation from him.' ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ ؓ said: 'O Commander of the Faithful, if you open this door against your governors, it will become a precedent followed after you.' He said: 'Shall I not exact retaliation from him, when I saw the Messenger of God ﷺ exact retaliation from himself?' ʿAmr said: 'Let us appease him.' He said: 'Then appease him.' So they ransomed him for two hundred dinars, two dinars for each lash.

30. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2531No grade recorded

    أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ، نَحْوَهُ. قُلْتُ: أَخْرَجَ أَحْمَدُ مَعْنَاهُ فِي حَدِيثٍ وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ مَا فِي آخِرِهِ

    ✧ Jarīr reported to us, from Layth, from ʿAṭāʾ, from ʿUmar, something similar. I say: Aḥmad narrated its meaning in a ḥadīth, and it does not contain what is at its end.

31. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2532No grade recorded

    خَطَبَنَا عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنَّا كُنَّا نَعْرِفُكُمْ إِذْ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ، وَفِيهِ: وَإِنِّي لَا أُرْسِلُ عُمَّالِي لِيَضْرِبُوا أَبْشَارَكُمْ. فَذَكَرَهُ، فَوَثَبَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ ؓ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، أَرَأَيْتَكَ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ عَلَى رَعِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّبَ بَعْضَ رَعِيَّتِهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَقُصُّهُ مِنْهُ ؟ قَالَ: إِي وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ عُمَرَ بِيَدِهِ، وَكَيْفَ لَا أَقُصُّ مِنْهُ، وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُقِصُّ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ ؟ أَلَا لَا تَضْرِبُوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَتُذِلُّوهُمْ، وَلَا تَمْنَعُوهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ فَتُكَفِّرُونَهُمْ، وَلَا تُجَمِّرُوهُمْ فَتَفْتِنُوهُمْ وَلَا تُنْزِلُوهُمُ الْغِيَاضَ فَتُضَيِّعُوهُمْ

    ✧ ʿUmar ؓ gave us a sermon and said: 'O people, we used to recognize you when the Messenger of God ﷺ was among us...' and he mentioned the ḥadīth. In it: 'I do not send my governors to strike your skins.' He mentioned it. ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ ؓ leapt up and said: 'O Commander of the Faithful, consider: if a Muslim man were in charge of a flock and disciplined some of his flock, would you exact retaliation from him?' He said: 'Yes, by the One in whose hand is ʿUmar's soul. How could I not exact retaliation from him, when I saw the Messenger of God ﷺ exact retaliation from himself? Indeed, do not strike the Muslims and humiliate them; do not withhold their rights and lead them to disbelief; do not confine them and tempt them; and do not send them into the thickets and cause them to perish.'

32. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2533No grade recorded

    قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْمَاءَ، ثَنَا مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ، بِطُولِهِ.::

    ✧ Abū Yaʿlā said: ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad b. Asmāʾ narrated to us, Mahdī b. Maymūn narrated to us, Saʿīd al-Jurayrī narrated to me, in full.

33. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2534No grade recorded

    خُذْ لِمَا أَصَبْتُ مَالًا وَانْطَلِقْ. فَقَالَ: لَا. قَالَ: فَهَبْ لِي ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: لَا أَفْعَلُ. فَقَالَ ﷺ: فَتُرِيدُ مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ: أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْتَقِيدَ مِنْكَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ. فَقَالَ ﷺ: نَعَمْ. فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ: اخْرُجْ مِنْ وَسَطِ هَؤُلَاءِ، فَخَرَجَ مِنْ وَسَطِهِمْ وَأَمْكَنَ الرَّجُلَ مِنَ الْجَرِيدَةِ يَسْتَقِيدُ مِنْهُ ﷺ، فَكَشَفَ عَنْ بَطْنِهِ، وَجَاءَ عُمَرُ ؓ لِيُمْسِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ، فَقَالَ: عَثَرْتَ بِنَعْلِكَ وَانْكَسَرَتْ أَسْنَانُكَ. فَلَمَّا دَنَا الرَّجُلُ لِيَطْعَنَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَلْقَى الْجَرِيدَةَ، وَقَبَّلَ سُرَّتَهُ وَقَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ هَذَا الَّذِي أَرَدْتُ لِكَيْمَا يُقْمَعَ الْجَبَّارُونَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: لَأَنْتَ أَوْثَقُ عَمَلًا مِنِّي. كذا في طبعة دار العاصمة وفي مصادر التخريج عند أبي يعلي ( أبي هرم ) قال الحافظ في تعجيل المنفعة عن أبي هرمز؛ كذا هو الأصل، وكتبها الحسيني بخطه ومن تبعه بغير زاي، وهو الذي في تاريخ ابن عساكر بخط ولد المصنف، وجزم ابن عساكر بأنه أبو هريرة الحمصي، ونبه ابن عساكر في ترجمة صدقة على أن الصواب أبو هريرة، وأن من قال: أبو هرم، فقد وهم، وأنه مجهول. فالله أعلم.

    ✧ Take compensation for what I have done and go.' He said: 'No.' He said: 'Will you grant it to me?' He said: 'I will not do that.' He ﷺ said: 'What do you want then?' He said: 'I want to exact retaliation from you, O Prophet of God.' He ﷺ said: 'Yes.' The man said: 'Come out from among these people.' So he came out from among them and gave the man the palm branch to exact retaliation from him ﷺ. He uncovered his belly, and ʿUmar ؓ came to hold the Prophet ﷺ from behind. He said: 'You stumbled with your sandal and your teeth broke.' When the man drew near to strike the Prophet ﷺ, he threw down the palm branch, kissed his navel, and said: 'O Prophet of God, this is what I wanted, so that the tyrants after you might be subdued.' ʿUmar ؓ said: 'You are more reliable in deed than I.' Thus in the Dār al-ʿĀṣima edition and in the sources of extraction in Abū Yaʿlā (Abū Hirm). Al-Ḥāfiẓ in Taʿjīl al-Manfaʿa said about Abū Hirm: 'Thus it is in the original, and al-Ḥusaynī wrote it in his own hand, and those who followed him, without a zāy, and that is what is in the History of Ibn ʿAsākir in the handwriting of the author's son. Ibn ʿAsākir affirmed that he is Abū Hurayra al-Ḥimṣī, and he pointed out in the biography of Ṣadaqa that the correct is Abū Hurayra, and that whoever said Abū Hirm erred, and that he is unknown. God knows best.'

34. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2535No grade recorded

    بَلَغَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَنَّ سَعْدًا اتَّخَذَ بَابًا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: انْقَطَعَ الصَّوِيتُ. فَبَعَثَ إِلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَسْلَمَةَ ؓ، فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ: انْطَلِقْ إِلَى سَعْدٍ فَأَحْرِقْ بَابَهُ، ثُمَّ خُذْ بِيَدِهِ وَأَخْرِجْهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ وَقُلْ: هَاهُنَا فَاقْعُدْ لِلنَّاسِ. قَالَ: فَبَعَثَ مُحَمَّدٌ غُلَامَهُ مَكَانَهُ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ بِرَاحِلَتَيْنِ، وَزَادٍ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ، وَانْطَلَقَ يَمْشِي قِبَلَ الْكُوفَةِ حَتَّى قَدِمَ جَبَّانَةَ الْكُوفَةِ، فَرَأَى نَبَطِيًّا يَدْخُلُ الْكُوفَةَ بِقَصَبٍ عَلَى حِمَارٍ يَبِيعُهُ، فَابْتَاعَهُ مِنْهُ وَشَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُلْقِيَهُ عِنْدَ بَابِ الْأَمِيرِ، فَجَاءَ حَتَّى أَلْقَى قَصَبَهُ عِنْدَ بَابِ الْأَمِيرِ، فَأَوْرَى زَنْدَهُ، فَأَتَى سَعْدٌ فَقِيلَ: إِنَّ هَاهُنَا رَجُلًا أَسْوَدَ طَوِيلًا عَظِيمًا بَيْنَ إِزَارٍ وَرِدَاءٍ عَلَيْهِ عِمَامَةُ خَزٍّ قَانِيَةٌ عَلَى غَيْرِ قَلَنْسِيَةٍ، فَقَالَ: ذَاكَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، دَعُوهُ يَبْلُغْ حَاجَتَهُ لَا يَعْرِضُ لَهُ إِنْسَانٌ بِشَيْءٍ. فَأَحْرَقَ الْبَابَ حَتَّى صَارَ فَحْمًا، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ سَعْدٌ، فَسَأَلَهُ وَحَلَفَ بِاللهِ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِالْكَلِمَةِ الَّتِي بَلَغَتْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَلَقَدْ بَلَّغَهُ كَاذِبٌ. قَالَ: فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَنْزِلَ لِيَدْخُلَ، فَأَبَى، وَانْصَرَفَ مَكَانَهُ رَاجِعًا، قَالَ: فَأَتْبَعَهُ سَعْدٌ بِزَادِهِ، فَرَدَّهُ مَعَ رَسُولِهِ وَقَالَ: ارْجِعْ بِطَعَامِكَ إِلَى صَاحِبِكَ، فَإِنَّ لَهُ عِيَالًا وَإِنَّ مَعَنَا فَضْلَةً مِنْ زَادِنَا. قَالَ: فَسَارَ فَأَرْمَلَا أَيَّامًا، فَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَا أَدْرَكْنَا مِنَ الْإِنْسِ امْرَأَةً فِي غَنَمٍ، فَقَامَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ يُصَلِّي، وَانْطَلَقَ الْغُلَامُ حَتَّى بَايَعَ صَاحِبَةَ الْغَنَمِ بِشَاةٍ صَغِيرَةٍ مِنْ غَنَمِهَا بِعِصَابَةٍ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَ: فَصَرَعَهَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَذْبَحَهَا، وَمُحَمَّدٌ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يَذْبَحَهَا، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ: مَا هَذِهِ الشَّاةُ ؟ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي الْغَنَمِ صَاحِبُهَا، فَبَايِعْهُ أَوْ سَلِّمْ بَيْعَ الْأَمَةِ فَأَقْبِلْ بِهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ إِنَّمَا هِيَ رَعِيَّةٌ فَرُدَّهَا، فَإِنَّ الْجُوعَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ مَأْكَلِ السُّوءِ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ سَارَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِالَّذِي كَانَ، وَبِمَا أَتْبَعُهُ سَعْدٌ، فَرَدَّهُ مَعَ رَسُولِهِ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: وَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَقْبَلَ مِنْهُ ؟

    ✧ It reached ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ that Saʿd had installed a door, then said: 'The sound has ceased.' He sent for Muḥammad b. Maslama ؓ, who came to him. He said: 'Go to Saʿd, burn his door, then take him by the hand and bring him out to the people and say: Sit here for the people.' He said: Muḥammad sent his servant in his place to his house, instructing him to bring him two riding camels and provisions from his family. Then he set out walking toward Kufa until he reached the cemetery of Kufa. He saw a Nabataean entering Kufa with reeds on a donkey, selling them. He bought them from him and stipulated that he should deposit them at the door of the amir. He came and deposited his reeds at the door of the amir, lit his fire stick, and Saʿd came. It was said: 'There is a tall, imposing black man here, wearing a lower garment and an upper garment, with a dark-red silk turban without a cap.' He said: 'That is Muḥammad b. Maslama; let him accomplish his task, let no one interfere with him.' He burned the door until it became charcoal. Then Saʿd came out to him and asked him, swearing by God that he had not uttered the word that had reached the Commander of the Faithful, and that a liar had conveyed it to him. He said: Then he offered him lodging, but he refused and returned the way he came. He said: Saʿd sent his provisions after him, but he returned them with his messenger, saying: 'Take your food back to your companion, for he has a family, and we have surplus provisions.' He said: They traveled and ran out of food for some days. The first human being they encountered was a woman with sheep. Muḥammad b. Maslama stood to pray, and the servant went and bargained with the sheep's owner for a small sheep, paying with a headband he had. He said: He threw it down to slaughter it, while Muḥammad was standing praying. He gestured to him not to slaughter it. When he finished, he said: 'What is this sheep? If there is an owner among the flock, bargain with him or hand over the sale of the slave woman and bring it; but if she is merely a shepherdess, return it, for hunger is better than eating from an unlawful source.' He said: Then he traveled until he came to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ and told him what had happened and what Saʿd had sent after him, and that he had returned it with his messenger. ʿUmar ؓ said: 'What prevented you from accepting it from him?'

35. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2536No grade recorded

    بَلَغَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَنَّ سَعْدًا ؓ اتَّخَذَ بَابًا ثُمَّ قَالَ: انْقَطَعَ الصَّوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ ؓ فَحَرَّقَهُ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ ؓ بِيَدِهِ فَأَخْرَجَهُ وَقَالَ: هَاهُنَا اجْلِسْ لِلنَّاسِ. فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ سَعْدٌ ؓ، وَحَلَفَ لَهُ مَا تَكَلَّمْتُ الْكَلِمَةَ الَّتِي بَلَغَتْ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

    ✧ It reached the Commander of the Faithful ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ that Saʿd ؓ had installed a door and then said: 'The sound has ceased.' So ʿUmar ؓ sent to him and burned it. Then Muḥammad b. Maslama ؓ took him by the hand and brought him out, saying: 'Sit here for the people.' Saʿd ؓ apologized to him and swore to him: 'I did not utter the word that reached the Commander of the Faithful.'

36. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2537No grade recorded

    إِنَّ غَرَفَةَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ ؓ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ، فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. قَالَ: وَقَالَ غَرَفَةُ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ؓ: إِنَّكَ إِذَا جَلَسْتَ مَعَنَا اتَّكَأْتَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا فَلَا تَفْعَلْ ; فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ عُدْتَ كَتَبْتَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ، فَعَادَ عَمْرٌو ؓ فَكَتَبَ غَرَفَةُ، فَجَاءَ قَاصِدُ عُمَرَ إِلَى عَمْرٍو ؓ فَقَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ إِذَا جَلَسْتَ مَعَ أَصْحَابِكَ اتَّكَأْتَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ كَمَا يَفْعَلُ الْأَعَاجِمُ، فَلَا تَفْعَلِ، اجْلِسْ مَعَهُمْ مَا جَلَسْتَ، فَإِذَا دَخَلْتَ بَيْتَكَ فَافْعَلْ مَا بَدَا لَكَ. قَالَ عَمْرٌو لِغَرَفَةَ ؓ: قَدْ أُثْبِتَ عَلَيَّ عِنْدَ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ غَرَفَةُ: مَا عَهِدْتَنِي كَذَّابًا. قَالَ: فَكَانَ عَمْرٌو ؓ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَتَّكِئَ فَيَذْكُرُ فَيَجْلِسُ، وَيَقُولُ: اللهُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ غَرَفَةَ. قَالَ: وَخَرَجُوا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ، فَكَانَ يَوْمَ ضَبَابٍ، فَتَقَدَّمَ فَرَسُ غَرَفَةَ فَرَسَ عَمْرٍو. فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو: وَمَا يَوْمِي مِنْ غَرَفَةَ بِوَاحِدٍ. فَقِيلَ لِغَرَفَةَ: إِنَّ الْأَمِيرَ قَالَ: كَذَا وَكَذَا. قَالَ: إِنِّي لَمْ أُبْصِرْهُ مِنَ الضَّبَابِ. قِيلَ: فَاعْتَذِرْ لَهُ. قَالَ: لَا تُعَوِّدُوهُمْ هَذَا، فَلَمْ يَزَالُوا بِهِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي لَمْ أُبْصِرْكَ مِنَ الضَّبَابِ. فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ غُفْرًا، لَوْ شِئْتَ أَمْسَكْتَ فَرَسَكَ. فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ لَوَدِدْتُ لَوْ رَمَى بِكَ فِي أَقْصَى حَجَرٍ فِي الْمَرْجِ، أَعْتَذِرُ إِلَيْكَ بِالضَّبَابِ، وَإِنِّي لَمْ أُبْصِرْكَ وَتَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ غُفْرًا ؟ فَقَالَ عَمْرٌو: يَا أَبَا الْحَارِثِ، قَدْ رَأَيْتُكَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ كَذَا وَكَذَا عَلَى فَرَسٍ ذَلُولٍ، أَفَلَا نَحْمِلُكَ عَلَى فَرَسٍ ؟ قَالَ: مَا عَهِدْتُكَ يَا عَمْرُو تَحْمِلُ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ، فَمِنْ أَيْنَ هَذَا ؟

    ✧ Ghurafa b. al-Ḥārith ؓ, who was a Companion, mentioned the ḥadīth. He said: Ghurafa said to ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ ؓ: 'When you sit with us, you recline among us. Do not do that; if you do it again, I will write to ʿUmar ؓ.' ʿAmr ؓ did it again, so Ghurafa wrote. ʿUmar's messenger came to ʿAmr ؓ and said: 'It has reached me that when you sit with your companions you recline among them as the Persians do. Do not do that; sit with them as long as you sit. When you enter your house, do what seems good to you.' ʿAmr said to Ghurafa ؓ: 'Now it is established against me before ʿUmar.' Ghurafa said: 'You have never known me to be a liar.' He said: After that, ʿAmr ؓ would intend to recline, then remember and sit up, saying: 'God is between me and Ghurafa.' He said: One day they went out on a foggy day. Ghurafa's horse advanced ahead of ʿAmr's horse. ʿAmr said: 'My day with Ghurafa is not one.' It was said to Ghurafa: 'The amir said such and such.' He said: 'I did not see him because of the fog.' It was said: 'Then apologize to him.' He said: 'Do not accustom them to this.' They kept at him until he came to him and said: 'I did not see you because of the fog.' He said: 'O God, forgive me! If you wished, you could have held back your horse.' He said: 'By God, I wish it had thrown you into the farthest stone of the meadow, and I would apologize to you because of the fog; I did not see you, and you say, "O God, forgive me?"' ʿAmr said: 'O Abū al-Ḥārith, I saw you with the Messenger of God ﷺ on such-and-such a day on a docile horse. Shall we not mount you on a horse?' He said: 'I have never known you, O ʿAmr, to mount horses. Where does this come from?'

37. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2538No grade recorded

    جَاءَ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنٍ وَالْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ ؓ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ، فَقَالَا: يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ، إِنَّ عِنْدَنَا أَرْضًا سَبِخَةً لَيْسَ فِيهَا كَلَأٌ وَلَا مَنْفَعَةٌ، فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تُقْطِعَنَاهَا ؟ قَالَ: فَأَقْطَعَهَا إِيَّاهُمَا وَكَتَبَ لَهُمَا عَلَيْهِ كِتَابًا، وَأَشْهَدَ فِيهِ عُمَرَ ؓ، وَلَيْسَ فِي الْقَوْمِ، فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ لِيُشْهِدَاهُ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ عُمَرُ ؓ مَا فِي الْكِتَابِ تَنَاوُلَهُ مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمَا، ثُمَّ تَفَلَ فِيهِ فَمَحَاهُ، فَتَذَمَّرَا وَقَالَا لَهُ مَقَالَةً سَيِّئَةً. فَقَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَتَأَلَّفُ وَالْإِسْلَامُ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَلِيلٌ

    ✧ ʿUyayna b. Ḥiṣn and al-Aqraʿ b. Ḥābis ؓ came to Abū Bakr ؓ and said: 'O successor of the Messenger of God, we have salty land with no pasture and no benefit. If you see fit to grant it to us?' He said: He granted it to them and wrote them a document, and he had ʿUmar ؓ witness it, though he was not among the people. They went to ʿUmar ؓ to have him witness it. When ʿUmar ؓ heard what was in the document, he took it from their hands, spat on it, and erased it. They became angry and spoke harshly to him. He said: 'The Messenger of God ﷺ used to win hearts, but Islam then was small.'

38. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2539No grade recorded

    أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ، حِينَ اسْتُخْلِفَ قَعَدَ فِي بَيْتِهِ حَزِينًا، فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ ؓ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ يَلُومُهُ، وَقَالَ: أَنْتَ كَلَّفْتَنِي هَذَا الْأَمْرَ وَشَكَى إِلَيْهِ الْحُكْمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ. فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ ؓ: أَوَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْوَالِيَ إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَأَصَابَ الْحَقَّ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ، وَإِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَأَخْطَأَ الْحَقَّ فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ وَاحِدٌ، فَكَأَنَّهُ سَهَّلَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ ؓ

    ✧ When Abu Bakr ؓ was appointed as caliph, he sat in his house sorrowful. Umar ؓ entered upon him and began to reproach him, saying: "You have burdened me with this matter," and he complained to him about judging between the people. Umar ؓ said to him: "Do you not know that the Messenger of God ﷺ said: 'If a governor exercises ijtihad and reaches the truth, he gets two rewards; and if he exercises ijtihad and errs from the truth, he gets one reward'?" It was as if Umar's ؓ hadith made it easy for Abu Bakr.

39. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2540No grade recorded

    جَاءَ خَصْمَانِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: يَا عَمْرُو، اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا. قُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَنْتَ أَوْلَى بِذَلِكَ. قَالَ ﷺ: وَإِنْ كَانَ. قُلْتُ: عَلَى مَاذَا أَقْضِي ؟ قَالَ: عَلَى إِنْ أَصَبْتَ الْقَضَاءَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَلَكَ عَشْرُ حَسَنَاتٍ، وَإِنِ اجْتَهَدْتَ فَأَخْطَأْتَ فَلَكَ حَسَنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ.

    ✧ Two litigants came disputing to the Prophet ﷺ. The Prophet ﷺ said: "O Amr, judge between them." I said: "O Prophet of God, you are more entitled to that." He ﷺ said: "Even so." I said: "On what basis shall I judge?" He said: "If you judge correctly between them, you get ten good deeds; and if you exercise ijtihad and err, you get one good deed."

40. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2541No grade recorded

    أُجُورٌ بَدَلَ حَسَنَاتٍ

    ✧ Rewards in place of good deeds.

41. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2542No grade recorded

    أَنَّهُ وَفَدَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَأَعْجَبَتْهُ هَيْئَتُهُ وَنَحْوُهُ، فَشَكَا عُمَرُ ؓ طَعَامًا غَلِيظًا أَكَلَهُ، فَقَالَ الرَّبِيعُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، إِنَّ أَحَقَّ النَّاسِ بِمَطْعَمٍ لَيِّنٍ وَمَلْبَسٍ لَيِّنٍ وَمَرْكَبٍ وَطِيءٍ لَأَنْتَ، فَضَرَبَ رَأَسَهُ بِجَرِيدَةٍ، وَقَالَ: وَاللهِ مَا أَرَدْتَ بِهَذَا إِلَّا مُقَارَبَتِي، وَإِنْ كُنْتُ لَأَحْسَبُ فِيكَ خَيْرًا، أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ مَثَلِي وَمَثَلُ هَؤُلَاءِ كَمَثَلِ قَوْمٍ سَافَرُوا فَدَفَعُوا نَفَقَاتِهِمْ إِلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ، وَقَالُوا: أَنْفِقْهَا عَلَيْنَا، فَهَلْ لَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَأْثِرَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِشَيْءٍ ؟ فَقَالَ الرَّبِيعُ: لَا، قَالَ: هَذَا مَثَلِي وَمَثَلُهُمْ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: إِنِّي لَسْتُ أَسْتَعْمِلُ عُمَّالِي لِيَشْتِمُوا أَعْرَاضَكُمْ.

    ✧ He came as a delegate to Umar ؓ, and his appearance and manner pleased Umar. Umar ؓ complained of coarse food he had eaten, so al-Rabi said: "O Commander of the Faithful, you are the most deserving of people of soft food, soft clothing, and a comfortable mount." He struck his head with a palm branch and said: "By God, you only intended by this to flatter me. I had thought there was good in you. Shall I not tell you a parable of me and these people? It is like a people who traveled and entrusted their provisions to one of them, saying: 'Spend it on us.' Is he allowed to take anything exclusively for himself over them?" Al-Rabi said: "No." He said: "This is the parable of me and them." Then Umar ؓ said: "I do not appoint my governors to insult your honors."

42. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2543No grade recorded

    دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَجُلٌ بِالظَّهِيرَةِ، قُلْتُ: مَا حَاجَتُكَ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ: أَقْبَلْتُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبٌ لِي فِي بُغَاءِ إِبِلٍ لَنَا، فَانْطَلَقَ صَاحِبِي يَبْغِي وَدَخَلْتُ فِي الظِّلِّ أَسْتَظِلُّ وَأَشْرَبُ مِنَ الشَّرَابِ. قَالَتْ: فَقُمْتُ إِلَى لُبَيْنَةٍ لَنَا حَامِضَةٍ - وَرُبَّمَا قَالَتْ: إِلَى ضَيْحَةٍ حَامِضَةٍ - فَسَقَيْتُهُ مِنْهُ، وَتَوَسَّمْتُهُ وَقُلْتُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ، مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ: أَبُو بَكْرٍ. قُلْتُ: أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الَّذِي سَمِعْتُ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَذَكَرْتُ غَزْوَنَا خَثْعَمًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَغَزْوَ بَعْضِنَا بَعْضًا، وَمَا جَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ مِنَ الْأُلْفَةِ وَأَطْنَابِ الْفَسَاطِيطِ، هَكَذَا شَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ. فَقُلْتُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ، حَتَّى مَتَى أَمْرُ النَّاسِ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: مَا اسْتَقَامَتِ الْأَئِمَّةُ. قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: وَمَا الْأَئِمَّةُ ؟ قَالَ: أَلَمْ تَرَيْ إِلَى السَّيِّدِ يَكُونُ فِي الْحِوَاءِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ وَيُطِيعُونَهُ، فَهُمْ أُولَئِكَ مَا اسْتَقَامُوا

    ✧ A man entered upon me at noon. I said: "What is your need, O servant of God?" He said: "I and a companion of mine were searching for some camels of ours. My companion went on searching, and I entered the shade to seek shelter and drink from the drink." She said: "I got up to some sour milk of ours—or perhaps she said: to some sour mixed drink—and gave him to drink from it. I examined him and said: 'O servant of God, who are you?' He said: 'Abu Bakr.' I said: 'Abu Bakr, the companion of the Messenger of God ﷺ whom I have heard of?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: "Then I remembered our raiding Khath'am in the pre-Islamic era, and our fighting one another, and what God Almighty brought of harmony and the ropes of the tents—like this, he interlocked his fingers. I said: 'O servant of God, how long will this affair of the people be?' He said: 'As long as the leaders remain upright.' She said: I said: 'And what are the leaders?' He said: 'Have you not seen the chief who is in the encampment, whom they follow and obey? They are those as long as they remain upright.'"

43. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2544No grade recorded

    وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ: حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ، ثَنَا ابْنُ عَوْنٍ، بِهِ. ؟؟ ؟؟ ؟؟ ؟؟::

    ✧ Ahmad b. Mani said: Ismail b. Ulayya narrated to us, Ibn Awn narrated to us, with it.

44. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2545No grade recorded

    بَعَثَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بِخَبِيصٍ قَدْ أُجِيدَ صَنْعَتُهُ، وَصَنَعُوهُ فِي السِّلَالِ وَعَلَيْهَا اللُّبُودُ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ كَشَفَ الرَّحْلَ عَنِ الْخَبِيصِ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: أَيَشْبَعُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي رِحَالِهِمْ مِنْ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ الرَّسُولُ: لَا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: لَا أُرِيدُهُ، وَكَتَبَ إِلَى عُتْبَةَ ؓ: " أَمَّا بَعْدُ: فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ كَدِّكَ وَلَا مِنْ كَدِّ أُمِّكِ، فَأَشْبِعْ مَنْ قِبَلَكَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي رِحَالِهِمْ مِمَّا تَشْبَعُ مِنْهُ فِي رَحْلِكَ "

    ✧ He sent to Umar some khabis (a sweet dish) that was well made, and they made it in baskets covered with felt. When it reached Umar ؓ, he uncovered the load from the khabis and said: "Will the Muslims be satiated in their saddles from this?" The messenger said: "No." Umar ؓ said: "I do not want it." And he wrote to Utbah ؓ: "To proceed: It is not from your labor nor from your mother's labor. So satiate those with you of the Muslims in their saddles from what you are satiated with in your saddle."

45. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2546No grade recorded

    2546 2129 / 2 - قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ، ثَنَا جَرِيرٌ بِهِ.: [ ]: [ ]

    ✧ Abu Ya'la said: Abu Khaythama narrated to us, Jarir narrated to us, with it.

46. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2547No grade recorded

    كُنْتُ مَعَ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ بِأَذْرَبِيجَانَ، فَبَعَثَ سُحَيْمًا وَآخَرَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ عَلَى ثَلَاثِ رَوَاحِلَ بِسَفَطَيْنِ وَجَعَلَ فِيهِمَا خَبِيصًا، وَجَعَلَ عَلَيْهِمَا أُدْمًا، وَجَعَلَ فَوْقَ الْأُدْمِ لُبُودًا، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَا الْمَدِينَةَ، قِيلَ: جَاءَ سُحَيْمٌ مَوْلَى عُتْبَةَ وَآخَرُ عَلَى ثَلَاثِ رَوَاحِلَ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُمَا فَدَخَلَا، فَسَأَلَهُمَا عُمَرُ ؓ: أَذَهَبًا، أَوْ وَرِقًا ؟ قَالَا: لَا. قَالَ: فَمَا جِئْتُمَا بِهِ ؟ قَالَا: طَعَامٌ. قَالَ: طَعَامُ رَجُلَيْنِ عَلَى ثَلَاثِ رَوَاحِلَ !! هَاتَا مَا جِئْتُمَا بِهِ، فَجِيءَ بِهِ، فَكَشَفَ اللُّبُودَ وَالْأُدْمَ. فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ، وَقَالَ بِيَدِهِ فِيهِ، فَوَجَدَهُ لَيِّنًا، فَقَالَ ؓ: أَكُلُّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ يَشْبَعُ مِنْ هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنْ هَذَا شَيْءٌ اخْتُصَّ بِهِ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ. فَقَالَ: يَا فُلَانُ، هَاتِ الدَّوَاةَ. اكْتُبْ: مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى عُتْبَةَ بْنِ فَرْقَدٍ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ، أَمَّا بَعْدُ: فَإِنِّي أَحْمَدُ إِلَيْكُمُ اللهَ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ. أَمَّا بَعْدُ: فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ كَسْبِكَ وَلَا كَسْبِ أَبِيكَ، وَلَا كَسْبِ أُمِّكِ يَا عُتْبَةُ بْنَ فَرْقَدٍ. فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ. قَالَ: وَفِي كِتَابِ عُمَرَ ؓ: " اقْطَعُوا الرَّكْبَ، وَانْزُوا عَلَى الْخَيْلِ نَزْوًا، قَالَ أَبُو عُثْمَانَ: فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الشَّيْخَ يَنْزُو فَيَقَعُ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ، وَيَنْزُو فَيَقَعُ عَلَى بَطْنِهِ، ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ يَنْزُو كَمَا يَنْزُو الْغُلَامُ

    ✧ I was with Utbah b. Farqad in Azerbaijan. He sent Suhaym and another to Umar ؓ on three mounts with two baskets, and he put in them khabis, and put over them leather covers, and over the leather covers felt. When they arrived in Madinah, it was said: "Suhaym, the freedman of Utbah, and another have come on three mounts." He gave them permission and they entered. Umar ؓ asked them: "Gold or silver?" They said: "No." He said: "What have you brought?" They said: "Food." He said: "Food of two men on three mounts! Bring what you have brought." It was brought, and he uncovered the felt and the leather. Umar came and put his hand in it and found it soft. He said ؓ: "Will all the emigrants be satiated from this?" He said: "No, but this is something reserved for the Commander of the Faithful." He said: "O so-and-so, bring the inkwell. Write: From the servant of God, Commander of the Faithful, to Utbah b. Farqad and those with him of the Muslims. Peace be upon you. To proceed: I praise to you God, besides whom there is no deity. To proceed: It is not from your earnings nor your father's earnings nor your mother's earnings, O Utbah b. Farqad." Then he mentioned the hadith. He said: "And in Umar's ؓ letter: 'Cut the saddles, and leap onto the horses with a leap.'" Abu Uthman said: "I saw the old man leap and fall on his belly, and leap and fall on his belly, then after that I saw him leap as a boy leaps."

47. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2548No grade recorded

    وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ السَّامِيُّ، ثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، نَحْوَهُ.:

    ✧ Abu Ya'la said: Ibrahim al-Sami narrated to us, Hammad b. Salama narrated to us, from Asim, similar to it.

48. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2549No grade recorded

    أَهْدَى أَمِيرُ الْقِبْطِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ جَارِيَتَيْنِ أُخْتَيْنِ وَبَغْلَةً، فَكَانَ ﷺ يَرْكَبُ الْبَغْلَةَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، وَاتَّخَذَ إِحْدَى الْجَارِيَتَيْنِ لِنَفْسِهِ فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، وَوَهَبَ الْأُخْرَى لِحَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ؓ

    ✧ The ruler of the Copts gifted the Prophet ﷺ two slave-girls who were sisters and a mule. He ﷺ used to ride the mule in Madinah. He kept one of the two slave-girls for himself, and she bore him Ibrahim, and he gave the other to Hassan b. Thabit ؓ.

49. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2550No grade recorded

    حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَبَانَ، ثَنَا بَشِيرُ بْنُ الْمُهَاجِرِ بِهِ

    ✧ Abd al-Aziz b. Aban narrated to us, Bashir b. al-Muhajir narrated to us, with it.

50. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2551No grade recorded

    كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُخَالِطُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ: عِيَاضٌ فَأَهْدَى لَهُ هَدِيَّةً فَقَالَ: " أَسْلَمْتَ ؟ ". قَالَ: لَا، قَالَ ﷺ: إِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ لَنَا زَبَدُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَعْنِي رِفْدَهُمْ

    ✧ There was a man who used to associate with the Prophet ﷺ in the pre-Islamic era, called 'Iyad. He gave him a gift, and the Prophet said: "Have you embraced Islam?" He said: No. The Prophet ﷺ said: "The froth of the polytheists is not lawful for us," meaning their gifts.

51. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2552No grade recorded

    إِنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ كَانَ يَكْنُسُ بَيْتَ الْمَالِ، ثُمَّ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ رَجُلَانِ يَشْهَدَانِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَحْبِسْ فِيهِ الْمَالَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ

    ✧ 'Ali ؓ used to sweep the treasury, then pray in it. Two men would testify that he never withheld its wealth from the Muslims.

52. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2553No grade recorded

    بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُعَلِّمُ عَلَى حِمَى الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى أَشْرَافِ ذَاتِ الْجَيْشِ، [وَ] عَلَى أَعْلَامِ الْمَصْنُوعَةِ، وَعَلَى أَشْرَافِ مَخِيضٍ، وَعَلَى أَشْرَافِ قَنَاةٍ ".

    ✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to mark the protected pasture of Madinah: at the peaks of Dhat al-Jaysh, [and] at the landmarks of al-Masnu'ah, and at the peaks of Makhid, and at the peaks of Qanat.

53. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2554No grade recorded

    خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ. فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ... وَفِيهِ وَمَنْ تَوَلَّى خُصُومَةَ قَوْمٍ بِمَظْلَمَةٍ، أَوْ أَعَانَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ نَزَلَ بِهِ الْمَلَكُ يُبَشِّرُهُ بِلَعْنَةٍ وَنَارٍ خَالِدًا فِيهَا وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ، وَمَنْ خَفَّ لِسُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ فِي حَاجَةٍ فَهُوَ قَرِينُهُ فِي النَّارِ، وَمَنْ دَلَّ سُلْطَانًا عَلَى جَوْرٍ قُرِنَ مَعَ هَامَانَ فِي النَّارِ، وَكَانَ هُوَ وَذَلِكَ السُّلْطَانُ مِنْ أَشَدِّ النَّاسِ عَذَابًا، وَمَنْ لَطَمَ خَدَّ مُسْلِمٍ لَطْمَةً بَدَّدَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عِظَامَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُمَّ يُسَلِّطُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ، وَيُبْعَثُ [حِينَ يُبْعَثُ] مَغْلُولًا حَتَّى يَرِدَ النَّارَ، وَمَنْ تَعَلَّقَ سَوْطًا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ سُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ جَعَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى لَهُ حَيَّةً طُولُهَا سَبْعُونَ أَلْفَ ذِرَاعٍ فَتُسَلَّطُ عَلَيْهِ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدًا مُخَلَّدًا، وَمَنْ سَعَى بِأَخِيهِ إِلَى السُّلْطَانِ أَحْبَطَ اللهُ عَمَلَهُ كُلَّهُ، فَإِنْ وَصَلَ إِلَيْهِ مَكْرُوهٌ أَوْ أَذًى جَعَلَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى مَعَ هَامَانَ فِي دَرَجَتِهِ فِي النَّارِ، وَمَنْ تَوَلَّى عِرَافَةَ قَوْمٍ حُبِسَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ جَهَنَّمَ بِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ، وَحُشِرَ وَيَدُهُ مَغْلُولَةٌ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ أَقَامَ أَمْرَ اللهِ فِيهِمْ أُطْلِقَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ ظَالِمًا هَوَى فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا ". وَفِيهِ " أَلَا وَإِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى - جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ - لَا يَظْلِمُ وَلَا يَجُوزُ عَلَيْهِ الظُّلْمُ، وَهُوَ بِالْمِرْصَادِ لِيَجْزِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسَاءُوا بِمَا عَمِلُوا وَيَجْزِيَ الَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا بِالْحُسْنَى، فَمَنْ أَحْسَنَ فَلِنَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَسَاءَ فَعَلَيْهَا وَمَا رَبُّكَ بِظَلامٍ لِلْعَبِيدِ ".

    ✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ addressed us... and in it: "Whoever undertakes a dispute on behalf of a people unjustly, or helps them in it, an angel descends upon him giving him tidings of a curse and an eternal fire, abiding therein forever—and what an evil destination. Whoever hastens to serve an unjust ruler for some need is his companion in the Fire. Whoever directs a ruler toward injustice is paired with Haman in the Fire, and he and that ruler are among the people most severely punished. Whoever slaps the cheek of a Muslim, Allah the Exalted will scatter his bones on the Day of Resurrection, then set the Fire over him, and he will be raised [when he is raised] in chains until he reaches the Fire. Whoever holds a whip before an unjust ruler, Allah the Exalted will make for him a serpent seventy thousand cubits long, and it will be set upon him in the Fire of Hell, abiding therein forever. Whoever reports his brother to the ruler, Allah will nullify all his deeds. If any harm or injury reaches him, Allah the Exalted will place him with Haman in his level in the Fire. Whoever assumes the leadership of a people is detained at the brink of Hell for a thousand years for each day, and he will be gathered with his hand chained to his neck. If he upheld the command of Allah among them, he is released; but if he was unjust, he falls into the Fire of Hell for seventy autumns." And in it: "Indeed, Allah the Exalted—glorified be His praise—does not wrong, nor is injustice permissible upon Him. He is on the watchtower to recompense those who do evil for what they did and to recompense those who do good with the best. So whoever does good, it is for his own soul; and whoever does evil, it is against it. And your Lord is not unjust to His servants."

54. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2555No grade recorded

    لَا يَقِفَنَّ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ يُقْتَلُ مَظْلُومًا ; فَإِنَّ اللَّعْنَةَ تَنْزِلُ عَلَى مَنْ حَضَرَهُ حِينَ لَمْ يَدْفَعُوا عَنْهُ، وَلَا يَقِفَنَّ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ يُضْرَبُ مَظْلُومًا ; فَإِنَّ اللَّعْنَةَ تَنْزِلُ عَلَى [مَنْ] حَضَرَهُ حِينَ لَمْ يَدْفَعُوا عَنْهُ ".

    ✧ No one should stand by while a man is being killed unjustly, for the curse descends upon those who are present when they do not defend him. And no one should stand by while a man is being beaten unjustly, for the curse descends upon [those who] are present when they do not defend him.

55. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2556No grade recorded

    إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ نَهَى عَنِ الْعُمْرَةِ فِي أَشْهُرِ الْحَجِّ أَوْ عَنِ التَّمَتُّعِ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ، فَأَهَلَّ بِهَا عَلِيٌّ مَكَانَهُ، فَنَزَلَ عُثْمَانُ ؓ عَنِ الْمِنْبَرِ، فَأَخَذَ شَيْئًا فَمَشَى بِهِ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ، [فَقَامَ طَلْحَةُ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ ؓ، فَانْتَزَعَاهُ مِنْهُ فَمَشَى إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ ] فَكَادَ أَنْ يَنْخُسَ عَيْنَهُ بِإِصْبَعِهِ وَيَقُولَ لَهُ: " إِنَّكَ لَضَالٌّ مُضِلٌّ، وَلَا يَرُدُّ عَلِيٌّ ؓ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا ".

    ✧ 'Uthman b. 'Affan ؓ forbade 'umrah during the months of Hajj, or forbade tamattu' with 'umrah leading to Hajj. 'Ali ؓ entered ihram for it right there, so 'Uthman ؓ descended from the pulpit, took something and walked with it to 'Ali ؓ. [Talhah and al-Zubayr ؓ stood up and took it from him, and he walked to 'Ali ؓ]. He almost poked his eye with his finger, saying to him: "You are indeed astray and leading others astray," while 'Ali ؓ did not reply to him at all.

56. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2557No grade recorded

    شَهِدْتُ عَلِيًّا، وَعُثْمَانَ ؓ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا نَزْغٌ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ وَمَا بَقَّى وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ شَيْئًا، فَلَوْ شِئْتُ أَنْ أَقُصَّ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا لَفَعَلْتُ، ثُمَّ لَمْ يَبْرَحَا حَتَّى اسْتَغْفَرَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ ".

    ✧ I witnessed 'Ali and 'Uthman ؓ when there was some provocation from Satan between them, and neither of them left anything unsaid to his companion. If I wished to recount to you what happened between them, I could, but they did not part until each sought forgiveness for his companion.

57. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2558No grade recorded

    كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ عُثْمَانَ ؓ إِذْ جَاءَهُ شَيْخٌ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ الْقَوْمُ قَالُوا: أَبُو ذَرٍّ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ عُثْمَانُ ؓ قَالَ: مَرْحَبًا وَأَهْلًا بِأَخِي [فَقَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ ؓ: مَرْحَبًا وَأَهْلًا بِأَخِي] لَعَمْرِي لَقَدْ غَلَّظْتَ فِي الْعَزْمَةِ، وَايْمُ اللهِ، لَوْ أَنَّكَ عَزَمْتَ أَنْ أَحْبُوَ لَحَبَوْتُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ أَنْ أَحْبُوَ ".

    ✧ I was sitting with 'Uthman ؓ when an old man came. When the people saw him, they said: Abu Dharr. When 'Uthman ؓ saw him, he said: Welcome to my brother, [so Abu Dharr ؓ said: Welcome to my brother]. By my life, you have been harsh in your determination. By Allah, if you had resolved that I should crawl, I would have crawled as much as I could.

58. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2559No grade recorded

    جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مَا تَقُولُ فِي رَجُلٍ حَرِيصٍ عَلَى الْجِهَادِ مُؤْدِيًا، يَعْزِمُ عَلَيْهِ أُمَرَاؤُهُ فِي أَشْيَاءَ لَا يُحْصِيهَا ؟ فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لَكَ إِلَّا أَنَّا كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لَعَلَّنَا لَا نُؤْمَرُ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا فَعَلْنَاهُ

    ✧ A man came and said: O Abu 'Abd al-Rahman, what do you say about a man eager for jihad and dutiful, while his commanders impose upon him things he cannot count? He said: By Allah, I do not know what to say to you except that we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and perhaps we were not commanded with anything except that we did it.

59. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2560No grade recorded

    مَنْ مَاتَ وَلَا طَاعَةَ عَلَيْهِ مَاتَ مِيتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً، وَمَنْ خَلَعَهَا بَعْدَ عَقْدِهِ إِيَّاهَا - قَالَ أَسْوَدُ - مِنْ عُنُقِهِ، لَقِيَ اللهَ تَعَالَى وَلَا حُجَّةَ لَهُ، قَالَاهَا جَمِيعًا ".

    ✧ Whoever dies without having any allegiance upon him dies a death of ignorance. And whoever casts it off after having pledged it—Aswad said: from his neck—will meet Allah the Exalted with no excuse. They both said it together.

60. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2561No grade recorded

    [قَدْ] كُنَّا نَقْرَأُ، لَيُؤَيِّدَنَّ اللهُ تَعَالَى هَذَا الدِّينَ بِرِجَالٍ مَا لَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ خَلَاقٍ.

    ✧ We used to recite: Allah the Exalted will surely support this religion with men who have no share in the Hereafter.

61. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2562No grade recorded

    الصَّلَاةُ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُمَا إِلَّا مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ: الْإِشْرَاكِ بِاللهِ، وَتَرْكِ السُّنَّةِ، وَنَكْثِ الصَّفْقَةِ. قَالُوا: قَدْ عَرَفْنَا الْإِشْرَاكَ بِاللهِ، فَمَا تَرْكُ السُّنَّةِ، وَنَكْثُ الصَّفْقَةِ ؟ قَالَ: تَرْكُ السُّنَّةِ، الْخُرُوجُ مِنَ الطَّاعَةِ، وَنَكْثُ الصَّفْقَةِ، أَنْ يُبَايِعَ رَجُلًا ثُمَّ يَخْرُجَ عَلَيْهِ بِالسَّيْفِ يُقَاتِلُهُ ".

    ✧ The prayer to the prayer is an expiation for what is between them, except for three: associating partners with Allah, abandoning the Sunnah, and breaking the covenant. They said: We know associating partners with Allah, but what is abandoning the Sunnah and breaking the covenant? He said: Abandoning the Sunnah is rebelling against obedience, and breaking the covenant is when a man pledges allegiance to someone, then rises against him with the sword to fight him.

62. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2563No grade recorded

    سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُوصِي بَعْضَ أَهْلِهِ قَالَ: وَلَا تُنَازِعِ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ، وَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ

    ✧ I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ advising some of his family, saying: "Do not contend with the people of authority over the matter, even if you see that it is the truth."

63. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2564No grade recorded

    وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ زَنْجُوَيْهِ، ثَنَا أَبُو مُسْهِرٍ، ثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بِهِ. 2143 / 3 - وَقَالَ عَبْدٌ

    ✧ And Abu Ya'la said: Abu Bakr b. Zanjuyah narrated to us, Abu Mushir narrated to us, Sa'id b. 'Abd al-'Aziz narrated to us with this. 2143/3 - And 'Abd said.

64. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2565No grade recorded

    أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ لِمَنْ عِنْدَهَا: كَيْفَ أَنْتُمْ إِذَا دَاعِيَانِ: دَاعٍ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ، وَدَاعٍ إِلَى سُلْطَانِ اللهِ ؟ فَقَالُوا: نُجِيبُ الدَّاعِيَ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ. قَالَتْ: بَلْ أَجِيبُوا الدَّاعِيَ إِلَى سُلْطَانِ اللهِ، فَإِنَّ كِتَابَ اللهِ مَعَ سُلْطَانِهِ

    ✧ She said to those with her: "How will you be when there are two callers: one calling to the Book of God, and one calling to the authority of God?" They said: "We will answer the caller to the Book of God." She said: "Rather, answer the caller to the authority of God, for the Book of God is with His authority."

65. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2566No grade recorded

    إِنَّ سَلَمَةَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ ؓ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: أَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا [كَانَ] قَامَ عَلَيْنَا أَئِمَّةٌ يَسْأَلُونَنَا حَقَّهُمْ وَيَمْنَعُونَنَا حَقَّنَا ؟ فَسَكَتَ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا. فَحَدَّثَ بِهِ الْأَشْعَثَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: اسْمَعُوا وَأَطِيعُوا فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَا حُمِّلُوا، وَعَلَيْكُمْ مَا حُمِّلْتُمْ ".

    ✧ Salama b. Yazid ؓ asked the Messenger of God ﷺ, saying: "What do you think if rulers are appointed over us who demand their rights from us and deny us our rights?" He remained silent two or three times. Then al-Ash'ath b. Qays narrated it and said: "The Messenger of God ﷺ said: 'Listen and obey, for upon them is what they are burdened with, and upon you is what you are burdened with.'"

66. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2567No grade recorded

    إِنَّكُمْ قَدِ ابْتُلِيتُمْ بِذَا السُّلْطَانِ وَابْتُلِيَ بِكُمْ، فَإِنْ عَدَلَ كَانَ لَهُ الْأَجْرُ، وَكَانَ عَلَيْكُمُ الشُّكْرُ، وَإِنْ جَارَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ الْوِزْرُ، وَعَلَيْكُمُ الصَّبْرُ

    ✧ You have been tested by this authority and it has been tested by you. If it is just, it has the reward and you have gratitude. If it is unjust, upon it is the sin and upon you is patience.

67. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2568No grade recorded

    أَنَّ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ كَتَبَتْ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ أَنَّ اللهَ بَرِيءٌ، وَبَرَّى رَسُولَهُ مِمَّنْ شَايَعَ وَفَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ، فَلَا تُشَايِعُوا وَلَا تُفَارِقُوا، وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ

    ✧ Umm Salama wrote to the people of Iraq: "God is free from, and has freed His Messenger from, anyone who supports [rebels] and separates from the community. So do not support [rebels] and do not separate. Peace be upon you and the mercy of God."

68. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2569No grade recorded

    قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ لَمَّا مَنَعَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ ؓ النَّاسَ أَنْ يُوقِدُوا نَارًا: أَمَا تَرَى مَا يَصْنَعُ هَذَا بِالنَّاسِ يَمْنَعُ مَنَافِعَهُمْ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ: دَعْهُ فَإِنَّمَا وَلَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْنَا لِعِلْمِهِ بِالْحَرْبِ

    ✧ Umar ؓ said to Abu Bakr ؓ when 'Amr b. al-'As ؓ prevented people from lighting a fire: "Do you not see what this man is doing to the people? He prevents them from their benefits." Abu Bakr ؓ said: "Leave him, for the Messenger of God ﷺ appointed him over us because of his knowledge of war."

69. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2570No grade recorded

    إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَّرَ بَعْدَ غَزْوَةِ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ ؓ وَهُوَ غُلَامٌ. فَأُسِرَ فِي تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةِ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ وَسُبُوا، فَانْتَدَبَ فِي بَعْثِ أُسَامَةَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشُ، فَأَنْفَذَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ. فَقَالَ أُسَامَةُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ حِينَ بُويِعَ لَهُ - وَلَمْ يَرُحْ أُسَامَةُ ؓ حَتَّى بُويِعَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ - فَقَالَ: إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَجَّهَنِي لِمَا وَجَّهَنِي لَهُ، وَإِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ تَرْتَدَّ الْعَرَبُ، فَإِنْ شِئْتَ كُنْتُ قَرِيبًا حَتَّى تَنْظُرَ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ: لَا أَرُدُّ أَمْرًا أَمَرَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، وَلَكِنْ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَأْذَنَ لِعُمَرَ ؓ فَافْعَلْ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ، فَانْطَلَقَ أُسَامَةُ ؓ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي أَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الضَّبَابَةُ حَتَّى جَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ لَا يَكَادُ يُبْصِرُ صَاحِبَهُ قَالَ: فَوَجَدُوا رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ تِلْكَ الْبِلَادِ فَأَخَذُوهُ فَدَلَّهُمْ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ حَيْثُ أَرَادُوا، فَأَغَارُوا عَلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي أُمِرُوا فَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ النَّاسُ فَجَعَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقُولُ لِبَعْضٍ: أَيَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ الْعَرَبَ قَدِ اخْتَلَفَتْ، وَخُيُولُهُمْ بِمَكَانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَرَدَّ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِذَلِكَ عَنِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَكَانَ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ؓ يُدْعَى بِالْإِمَارَةِ حَتَّى مَاتَ. يَقُولُونَ: بَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَنْزِعْهُ حَتَّى مَاتَ. قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: وَلَمَّا بَعَثَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ لِقِتَالِ أَهْلِ الرِّدَّةِ قَالَ: تَثَبَّتُوا فَأَيُّ مَحِلَّةٍ سَمِعْتُمْ فِيهَا الْأَذَانَ فَكُفُّوا فَإِنَّ الْأَذَانَ شِعَارُ الْإِيمَانِ.

    ✧ After the expedition of Dhat al-Salasil, the Messenger of God ﷺ appointed Usama b. Zayd ؓ as commander, while he was a young boy. Many people from the Arabs were taken captive and enslaved in that expedition. Umar b. al-Khattab and al-Zubayr b. al-'Awwam ؓ enlisted in the army of Usama. The Messenger of God ﷺ died before that army set out, and Abu Bakr ؓ dispatched it after the death of the Messenger of God ﷺ. Usama said to Abu Bakr ؓ when the oath of allegiance was given to him—and Usama ؓ did not depart until allegiance was given to Abu Bakr ؓ—: "The Prophet ﷺ sent me for what he sent me for, and I fear that the Arabs may apostatize. If you wish, I will stay nearby until you consider." Abu Bakr ؓ said: "I will not revoke an order that the Messenger of God ﷺ commanded. But if you wish to permit Umar ؓ [to stay], then do so." So he permitted him. Usama ؓ departed until he reached the place the Messenger of God ﷺ ordered him to. They were caught by thick fog until a man could hardly see his companion. They found a man from the people of that land, seized him, and he guided them to the road where they wanted to go. They raided the place they were commanded to, and people heard about that. Some of them said to others: "Do they claim that the Arabs have become divided, while their horses are at such and such a place?" Thus God, Exalted be He, repelled [harm] from the Muslims by that. Usama b. Zayd ؓ was called commander until he died. They say: "The Messenger of God ﷺ sent him and did not remove him until he died." Al-Zuhri said: "When Abu Bakr ؓ sent [troops] to fight the apostates, he said: 'Be cautious. In whichever place you hear the call to prayer, refrain, for the call to prayer is the mark of faith.'"

70. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2571No grade recorded

    أَفْضَلُ عِبَادِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عِنْدَ اللهِ تَعَالَى مَنْزِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِمَامٌ عَادِلٌ رَفِيقٌ، وَإِنَّ شَرَّ عِبَادِ اللهِ تَعَالَى عِنْدَ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَنْزِلَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِمَامٌ جَائِرٌ خَرِقٌ ".

    ✧ The best of God's servants, Mighty and Majestic, in rank before God Almighty on the Day of Resurrection is a just and gentle ruler. The worst of God Almighty's servants in rank before God, Mighty and Majestic, on the Day of Resurrection is a tyrannical and harsh ruler.

71. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2572No grade recorded

    مَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ شَيْئًا فَلَمْ يَعْدِلْ بَيْنَهُمْ فَعَلَيْهِ بَهْلَةُ اللهِ " وَبَهْلَةُ اللهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ.

    ✧ Whoever is given authority over any affair of the Muslims and does not deal justly among them, upon him is the curse of God." And the curse of God is His damnation.

72. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2573No grade recorded

    لَعَدْلُ الْعَامِلِ فِي رَعِيَّتِهِ يَوْمًا وَاحِدًا أَفْضَلُ مِنْ عِبَادَةِ الْعَابِدِ فِي أَهْلِهِ مِائَةَ عَامٍ أَوْ خَمْسِينَ عَامًا

    ✧ The justice of a ruler among his subjects for a single day is better than the worship of a worshipper among his family for a hundred years, or fifty years.

73. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2574No grade recorded

    مَا أَنَا بِالْمُثْنِي عَلَى وَالٍ، قُلْتُ: وَلِمَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: يُؤْتَى بِالْوُلَاةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَادِلِهِمْ وَجَائِرِهِمْ حَتَّى يَقِفُوا عَلَى جِسْرِ جَهَنَّمَ فَيَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: فِيكُمْ طَلَبِي، فَلَا يَبْقَى جَائِرٌ فِي حُكْمِهِ، مُرْتَشٍ فِي قَضَائِهِ، مُمَكِّنٌ سَمْعَهُ أَحَدَ الْخَصْمَيْنِ إِلَّا هَوَى فِي النَّارِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا ".

    ✧ I am not one to praise a ruler." I said: "Why is that?" He said: "I heard the Messenger of God ﷺ say: 'The rulers will be brought on the Day of Resurrection, the just and the unjust among them, until they stand on the bridge of Hell. Then God, Mighty and Majestic, will say: "My demand is upon you." So no unjust ruler in his judgment, no one who takes bribes in his rulings, no one who gives ear to one of the two disputants will remain but he will fall into the Fire for seventy autumns.'"

74. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2575No grade recorded

    هَدَايَا الْعُمَّالِ حَرَامٌ كُلُّهَا

    ✧ The gifts of the governors are all unlawful.

75. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2576No grade recorded

    أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ اسْتَعْمَلَ [رَجُلًا] عَلَى عَشَرَةِ أَنْفُسٍ، عَلِمَ أَنَّ فِي الْعَشَرَةِ أَفْضَلَ مِمَّنِ اسْتَعْمَلَ فَقَدْ غَشَّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ، وَغَشَّ جَمَاعَةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. وَيُؤْتَى بِالَّذِي ضَرَبَ فَوْقَ الْحَدِّ فَيَقُولُ: عَبْدِي لِمَ ضَرَبْتَ فَوْقَ مَا أَمَرْتُكَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ: غَضِبْتُ. [فَقَالَ]: أَكَانَ غَضَبُكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَشَدَّ مِنْ غَضَبِي ؟ وَيُؤْتَى بِالَّذِي قَصَّرَ فَيَقُولُ [عَبْدِي لِمَ قَصَّرْتَ] ؟ [فَيَقُولُ: رَحِمْتُهُ]. فَيَقُولُ: أَكَانَتْ رَحْمَتُكَ أَنْ تَكُونَ أَشَدَّ مِنْ رَحْمَتِي ؟ فَيُؤْمَرُ بِهِمَا جَمِيعًا إِلَى النَّارِ

    ✧ Any man who appoints [a man] over ten people, knowing that among the ten there is one better than the one he appointed, has deceived Allah and His Messenger and deceived the community of Muslims. And the one who strikes beyond the prescribed limit will be brought and He will say: 'My servant, why did you strike beyond what I commanded you?' He will say: 'I was angry.' [He will say]: 'Was your anger to be more severe than My anger?' And the one who falls short will be brought and He will say: ['My servant, why did you fall short'?] [He will say: 'I had mercy on him']. He will say: 'Was your mercy to be greater than My mercy?' Then both of them will be commanded to be cast into the Fire.

76. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2577No grade recorded

    مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلًا عَلَى عِصَابَةٍ وَفِي تِلْكَ الْعِصَابَةِ مَنْ هُوَ أَرْضَى لِلهِ مِنْهُ فَقَدْ خَانَ اللهَ وَخَانَ رَسُولَهُ ﷺ، وَخَانَ [جَمِيعَ] الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ".

    ✧ Whoever appoints a man over a group while among that group is one more pleasing to Allah than him has betrayed Allah, betrayed His Messenger ﷺ, and betrayed [all] the believers.

77. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2578No grade recorded

    صِنْفَانِ مِنْ أُمَّتِي لَا تَنَالُهُمَا شَفَاعَتِي وَلَنْ تَنَالَهُمَا شَفَاعَتِي أَوْ لَنْ أَشْفَعَ لَهُمَا: أَمِيرٌ ظَلُومٌ غَشُومٌ عَسُوفٌ، وَكُلُّ غَالٍّ مَارِقٍ

    ✧ Two classes of my nation will not attain my intercession, and will never attain my intercession, or I will not intercede for them: a tyrannical, oppressive, harsh ruler, and every extremist who deviates.

78. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2579No grade recorded

    رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أُمَّتِي لَا تَنَالُهُمَا شَفَاعَتِي، إِمَامٌ ظَلُومٌ عَسُوفٌ غَشُومٌ، وَآخَرُ غَالٍ فِي الدِّينِ مَارِقٌ فِيهِ

    ✧ Two men of my nation will not attain my intercession: a tyrannical, harsh, oppressive imam, and another who goes to extremes in religion and deviates in it.

79. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2580No grade recorded

    2580 2258 / 2 - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ، ثَنَا الْأَغْلَبُ بْنُ تَمِيمٍ، ثَنَا الْمُعَلَّى بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ ؓ، مِثْلَهُ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ " عَسُوفٌ "

    ✧ 2580 2258/2 - Abu al-Rabi' narrated to us, al-Aghlab b. Tamim narrated to us, al-Mu'alla b. Ziyad narrated to us, from Mu'awiya b. Qurra ؓ, the like of it, but he did not say 'harsh'.

80. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2581No grade recorded

    مَا عَدَلَ وَالٍ اتَّجَرَ فِي رَعِيَّتِهِ

    ✧ A governor who trades in his subjects is not just.

81. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2582No grade recorded

    لَا يَسْتَرْعِي اللهُ تَعَالَى عَبْدًا رَعِيَّةً قَلَّتْ أَوْ كَثُرَتْ إِلَّا سَأَلَهُ عَنْهَا أَقَامَتْ فِيهِمْ إِمْرَتُهُ أَوْ ضَاعَتْ، حَتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ عَنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ خَاصَّةً

    ✧ Allah, the Exalted, does not make a servant a guardian over a flock, small or large, but He will ask him about it: whether he upheld his command among them or neglected it, until He asks him specifically about his own household.

82. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2583No grade recorded

    أَقْبَلَ عُبَادَةُ حَاجًّا مِنَ الشَّامِ، فَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَأَتَى عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ فَقَالَ: أَلَا أُخْبِرُكَ بِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ قَالَ: بَلَى. قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: سَيَكُونُ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ يَأْمُرُونَكُمْ بِمَا تَعْرِفُونَ، وَيَعْمَلُونَ بِمَا تُنْكِرُونَ فَلَيْسَ لِأُولَئِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَاعَةٌ ".

    ✧ 'Ubada came as a pilgrim from Syria. He arrived in Madinah and went to 'Uthman b. 'Affan ؓ and said: 'Shall I not tell you something I heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "There will be rulers over you who command you to do what you recognize and they themselves do what you disapprove of. Those have no right to obedience."'

83. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2584No grade recorded

    أَنَّ مُعَاذًا ؓ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ عَلَيْنَا أُمَرَاءُ لَا يَسْتَنُّونَ بِسُنَّتِكَ، وَلَا يَأْخُذُونَ بِأَمْرِكَ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا فِيهِمْ ؟ قَالَ: لَا طَاعَةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُطِعِ اللهَ.

    ✧ Mu'adh ؓ said: 'O Messenger of Allah, what do you think if we have rulers who do not follow your Sunnah and do not adopt your command? What do you order us regarding them?' He said: 'There is no obedience to one who does not obey Allah.'

84. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2585No grade recorded

    الْعِرَافَةُ أَوَّلُهَا مَلَامَةٌ، وَآخِرُهَا نَدَامَةٌ، وَالْعَذَابُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ. قُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِلَّا مَنِ اتَّقَى اللهَ مِنْهُمْ. قَالَ: [إِنَّمَا] أُحَدِّثُكَ كَمَا سَمِعْتُ

    ✧ 'Arifah: its beginning is blame, its end is regret, and the punishment on the Day of Resurrection.' I said: 'O Abu Hurayrah, except for those among them who fear Allah.' He said: '[I only] narrate to you as I heard.'

85. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2586No grade recorded

    2586 2263 / 2 - [وَ] قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا شُجَاعُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ، ثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، ثَنَا هِشَامٌ الدَّسْتُوَائِيُّ، بِهِ.:

    ✧ 2586 2263/2 - [And] Abu Ya'la said: Shuja' b. Makhlad narrated to us, Wahb b. Jarir narrated to us, Hisham al-Dastawa'i narrated to us, with it.

86. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2587No grade recorded

    الْعَرِّيفُ يُفْتَحُ لَهُ كُلَّ عَامٍ بَابٌ مِنْ جَهَنَّمَ أَوْ مِنَ النَّارِ

    ✧ The arif will have a gate of Hell opened for him every year.

87. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2588No grade recorded

    لَا تَكُنْ عَرِيفًا وَلَا شُرْطِيًّا. قُلْتُ: لِمَ ؟ قَالَ: يُدِينُوكَ وَلَا يَنْسَوْنَكَ

    ✧ Do not be an arif or a policeman. I said: Why? He said: They will burden you with debts and will not forget you.

88. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2589No grade recorded

    لَا تَكُنْ عَرِيفًا وَلَا شُرَطِيًّا

    ✧ Do not be an arif or a policeman.

89. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2590No grade recorded

    الرَّجُلُ يَعْرِفُهُ عَلَيْنَا. فَقَالَ: إِنَّمَا عَرِيفُكُمُ الْأَهْيَسُ الْأَكْيَسُ الذِّئْبُ الْأَطْلَسُ، الْمُكُدُ الْمِلْحَسُ الَّذِي إِذَا قِيلَ: " هَا " انْتَهَسَ، وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُ " هَاتِ " خَنَسَ

    ✧ A man who knows us. He said: Your arif is only the bold, the cunning, the dark wolf, the persistent, the greedy; when it is said to him 'Here', he seizes, and when it is said to him 'Give', he retreats.

90. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2591No grade recorded

    إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَرَّتْ بِهِ جِنَازَةٌ، فَقَالَ: طُوبَى لَهُ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَرِيفًا.

    ✧ A funeral passed by the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: Blessed is he if he was not an arif.

91. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2592No grade recorded

    لَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ عَرِيفٍ، وَالْعَرِيفُ فِي النَّارِ. قَالَ: " وَيُؤْتَى بِالشُّرْطِيِّ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ: ضَعْ سَوْطَكَ وَادْخُلِ النَّارَ ".

    ✧ People must have an arif, and the arif is in the Fire. He said: And the policeman will be brought and it will be said to him: Put down your whip and enter the Fire.

92. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2593No grade recorded

    لَيَأْتِيَنَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ زَمَانٌ يَكُونُ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ سُفَهَاءُ، يُقَدِّمُونَ شِرَارَ النَّاسِ، وَيُؤَخِّرُونَ خِيَارَهُمْ، وَيُؤَخِّرُونَ الصَّلَاةَ عَنْ مَوَاقِيتِهَا، فَمَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ مِنْكُمْ فَلَا يَكُونَنَّ عَرِيفًا، وَلَا شُرَطِيًّا، وَلَا جَابِيًا، وَلَا خَايِنًا ".

    ✧ There will come upon people a time when rulers over you will be fools; they will advance the worst of people and delay the best of them, and delay the prayer from its times. Whoever of you reaches that should never be an arif, nor a policeman, nor a tax collector, nor a traitor.

93. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2594No grade recorded

    بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ الْقُرَشِيِّ الْهَاشِمِيِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ، وَنَبِيِّهِ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ كَافَّةً؛ لِلْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، عَهْدًا عَهِدَهُ إِلَيْكُمْ، اتَّقُوا اللهَ أَيُّهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ فَإِنِّي قَدْ بَعَثْتُ عَلَيْكُمُ الْعَلَاءَ بْنَ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ وَأَمَّرْتُهُ؛ أَنْ يَتَّقِيَ اللهَ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَأَنْ يُلِينَ لَكُمُ الْجَنَاحَ، وَيُحْسِنَ فِيكُمُ السِّيرَةَ بِالْحَقِّ، وَيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ مَنْ لَقِيَ مِنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي كِتَابِهِ مِنَ الْعَدْلِ، وَأَمَرْتُكُمْ بِطَاعَتِهِ إِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَقَسَمَ فَقَسَطَ، وَاسْتُرْحِمَ فَرَحِمَ، فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا، وَأَحْسِنُوا مُؤَازَرَتَهُ وَمُعَاوَنَتَهُ، فَإِنَّ لِي عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ طَاعَةً وَحَقًّا عَظِيمًا، لَا تَقْدُرُونَ كُلَّ قَدْرِهِ، وَلَا يَبْلُغُ الْقَوْلُ كُنْهَ [حَقِّ] عَظَمَةِ اللهِ، وَحَقِّ رَسُولِهِ، كَمَا أَنَّ لِلهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّةً، وَعَلَيْكُمْ خَاصَّةً حَقًّا وَاجِبًا، فَطَاعَتُهُ وَالْوَفَاءُ بِعَهْدِهِ [وَرَضِيَ اللهُ عَمَّنِ اعْتَصَمَ بِالطَّاعَةِ، وَعَظَّمَ حَقَّ أَهْلِهَا وَحَقَّ وُلَاتِهَا] كَذَلِكَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى وُلَاتِهِمْ حَقًّا [وَاجِبًا وَطَاعَةً، فَرَضَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَمَّنِ اعْتَصَمَ بِالطَّاعَةِ، وَعَظَّمَ حَقَّ أَهْلِهَا وَحَقَّ وُلَاتِهَا]، فَإِنَّ فِي الطَّاعَةِ دَرْكًا لِكُلِّ خَيْرٍ يُبْتَغَى، وَنَجَاةً مِنْ كُلِّ شَرٍّ يُتَّقَى، وَأَنَا أُشْهِدُ اللهَ عَلَى مَنْ وَلَّيْتُهُ شَيْئًا مِنْ أُمُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَلِيلًا أَوْ كَثِيرًا فَلَمْ يَعْدِلْ فِيهِمْ أَنْ لَا طَاعَةَ لَهُ، وَهُوَ خَلِيعٌ مِمَّا وَلَّيْتُهُ، وَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ ذِمَّةُ الَّذِينَ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَيْمَانُهُمْ وَعَهْدُهُمْ [وَذِمَّتُهُمْ]، وَلْيَسْتَخِيرُوا اللهَ تَعَالَى عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ لِيَسْتَعْمِلُوا عَلَيْهِمْ أَفْضَلَهُمْ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ، أَلَا وَإِنْ أَصَابَتِ الْعَلَاءَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ، فَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ؓ سَيْفُ اللهِ فِيهِمْ خَلَفٌ لِلْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا مَا عَرَفْتُمْ أَنَّهُ عَلَى الْحَقِّ، حَتَّى يُخَالِفَ الْحَقَّ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ، فَسِيرُوا عَلَى بَرَكَةِ اللهِ وَعَوْنِهِ وَنَصْرِهِ وَعَافِيَتِهِ وَرُشْدِهِ وَتَوْفِيقِهِ، فَمَنْ لَقِيتُمْ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَادْعُوهُمْ إِلَى كِتَابِ اللهِ الْمُنَزَّلِ وَسُنَنِهِ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ وَإِحْلَالِ مَا أَحَلَّ اللهُ لَهُمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ، وَتَحْرِيمِ مَا حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ، وَأَنْ يَخْلَعُوا الْأَنْدَادَ وَيَبْرَأُوا مِنَ الشِّرْكِ وَالْكُفْرِ، وَيَكْفُرُوا بِعِبَادَةِ الطَّاغُوتِ وَاللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى، وَأَنْ يَتْرُكُوا [عِبَادَةَ] عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ، وَعُزَيْرِ بْنِ حَرْوَةَ.، وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالشَّمْسِ وَالْقَمَرِ [وَالنِّيرَانِ] وَكُلِّ شَيْءٍ يُتَّخَذُ ضِدًّا مِنْ دُونِ اللهِ تَعَالَى، وَأَنْ يَتَوَلَّوُا اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ، وَأَنْ يَتَبَرَّأُوا مِمَّا بَرِئَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مِنْهُ، فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَأَقَرُّوا بِهِ وَدَخَلُوا فِي الْوِلَايَةِ، فَبَيِّنُوا لَهُمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ مَا فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ الَّذِي تَدْعُونَهُمْ إِلَيْهِ، فَإِنَّهُ كِتَابُ اللهِ الْمُنَزَّلُ مَعَ الرُّوحِ الْأَمِينِ عَلَى صَفْوَتِهِ مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ [عَبْدِ اللهِ] وَرَسُولِهِ وَنَبِيِّهِ [وَحَبِيبِهِ]، أَرْسَلَهُ رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ [عَامَّةً] الْأَبْيَضِ [مِنْهُمْ] وَالْأَسْوَدِ، الْإِنْسِ وَالْجِنِّ، كِتَابُ اللهِ فِيهِ نَبَأُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ، وَمَا هُوَ كَائِنٌ بَعْدَكُمْ، لِيَكُونَ حَاجِزًا بَيْنَ النَّاسِ، يَحْجِزُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ بَعْضَهُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ، [وَفِيهِ] إِعْرَاضُ بَعْضِهِمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ، وَهُوَ كِتَابُ اللهِ مُهَيْمِنًا عَلَى الْكُتُبِ، مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا فِيهَا مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ وَالزَّبُورِ، يُخْبِرُكُمْ فِيهِ اللهُ بِمَا كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ مِمَّا فَاتَكُمْ دَرْكُهُ فِي آبَائِكُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ، الَّذِينَ أَتَتْهُمْ رُسُلُ اللهِ وَأَنْبِيَاؤُهُ، كَيْفَ كَانَ جَوَابُهُمْ وَبِمَا أَرْسَلَهُمْ، وَكَيْفَ كَانَ تَصْدِيقُهُمْ بِآيَاتِ اللهِ تَعَالَى أَوْ تَكْذِيبُهُمْ بِهِمَا، وَأَخْبَرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ بِشَأْنِهِمْ وَعَمَلِهِمْ، وَعَمَلِ مَنْ هَلَكَ مِنْهُمْ بِدِينِهِ، لِتَجْتَنِبُوا ذَلِكَ، وَأَنْ لَا تَعْمَلُوا مِثْلَهُ، لِئَلَّا يَحِقَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ عِقَابِهِ وَسُخْطِهِ وَنِقْمَتِهِ مِثْلُ الَّذِي حَلَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ سُوءِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ، [لِتَهَاوُنِهِمْ بِأَمْرِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَأَخْبَرَكُمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ بِأَعْمَالِ مَنْ مَضَى مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ لِتَعْمَلُوا بِمِثْلِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ] بَيَّنَ لَكُمْ فِي كِتَابِهِ هَذَا شَأْنَ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ، رَحْمَةً مِنْهُ بِكُمْ، وَشَفَقَةً مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَهُوَ هُدًى مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ، وَتِبْيَانٌ مِنَ الْعَمَى، وَإِقَالَةٌ مِنَ الْعَثْرَةِ، وَنَجَاةٌ مِنَ الْفِتْنَةِ، وَنُورٌ مِنَ الظُّلْمَةِ، وَشِفَاءٌ عِنْدَ الْأَحْدَاثِ، وَعِصْمَةٌ مِنَ التَّهْلُكَةِ، وَرُشْدٌ مِنَ الْغِوَايَةِ، وَبَيَانٌ مِنَ اللَّبْسِ، وَفَيْصَلُ مَا بَيْنَ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ، فِيهِ كَمَالُ دِينِكُمْ، فَإِذَا عَرَضْتُمْ هَذَا عَلَيْهِمْ، فَأَقَرُّوا لَكُمْ بِهِ فَاسْتَكْمِلُوا الْوِلَايَةَ، فَاعْرِضُوا عَلَيْهِمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ الْإِسْلَامَ، وَهُوَ الصَّلَوَاتُ الْخَمْسُ، وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ، وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ، وَصِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ، وَالْغُسْلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ، وَالطُّهُورُ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ، وَبِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ، وَصِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ الْمُسْلِمَةِ، وَحُسْنُ الصُّحْبَةِ [حَتَّى] لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ الْمُشْرِكَيْنِ، فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمُوا، فَادْعُوهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ وَانْصِبُوا لَهُمْ شَرَائِعَهُ وَمَعَالِمَهُ، وَالْإِيمَانُ بِشَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ [وَرَسُولُهُ]، وَأَنَّ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ الْحَقُّ، وَأَنَّ مَا سِوَاهُ الْبَاطِلُ، وَالْإِيمَانُ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَأَنْبِيَائِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ، وَالْإِيمَانُ بِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَمَا خَلْفَهُ مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ وَالزَّبُورِ [وَالْبَعْثِ وَالنُّشُورِ وَالْحِسَابِ] وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْمَوْتِ وَالْحَيَاةِ وَالْإِيمَانُ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَافَّةً، فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ وَأَقَرُّوا بِهِ فَهُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ مُؤْمِنُونَ، ثُمَّ دُلُّوهُمْ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْإِحْسَانِ، وَعَلِّمُوهُمْ [أَنَّ] الْإِحْسَانَ أَنْ يُحْسِنُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ اللهِ تَعَالَى فِي أَدَاءِ الْأَمَانَةِ، وَعَهْدِهِ الَّذِي عَهِدَهُ إِلَى رُسُلِهِ، وَعَهْدِ رُسُلِهِ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ وَأَئِمَّةِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَالتَّسْلِيمِ وَسَلَامَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ كُلِّ غَائِلَةِ لِسَانٍ أَوْ يَدٍ، وَأَنْ يَبْتَغِيَ لِبَقِيَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَمَا يَبْتَغِي لِنَفْسِهِ، وَالتَّصْدِيقِ لِمَوَاعِيدِ الرَّبِّ وَلِقَائِهِ وَمُعَايَنَتِهِ وَالْوَدَاعِ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فِي كُلِّ سَاعَةٍ، وَالْمُحَاسَبَةِ لِلنَّفْسِ عِنْدَ اسْتِيفَاءِ كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ، وَتَزَوُّدٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ، وَالتَّعَاهُدِ لِمَا فَرَضَ اللهُ تَأْدِيَتَهُ إِلَيْهِ فِي السِّرِّ وَالْعَلَانِيَةِ، فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَهُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ مُؤْمِنُونَ مُحْسِنُونَ، ثُمَّ انْعَتُوا لَهُمُ الْكَبَائِرَ، وَدُلُّوهُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَخَوِّفُوهُمْ مِنَ الْهَلَكَةِ فِي الْكَبَائِرِ، فَإِنَّ الْكَبَائِرَ هِيَ الْمُوبِقَاتُ، وَأُولَاهُنَّ: الشِّرْكُ بِاللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ لا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَالسِّحْرُ، وَمَا لِلسَّاحِرِ مِنْ خَلاقٍ، وَقَطِيعَةُ الرَّحِمِ لَعَنَهُمُ اللهُ، وَالْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ، فَقَدْ بَاءَ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللهِ، وَالْغُلُولُ يَأْتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُمْ، وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الْمُؤْمِنَةِ فَجَزَاؤُهُ جَهَنَّمُ، وَقَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ لُعِنُوا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ، وَأَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ يَأْكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمْ نَارًا وَسَيَصْلَوْنَ سَعِيرًا، وَأَكْلُ الرِّبَا فَأْذَنُوا بِحَرْبٍ مِنَ اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ. فَإِذَا انْتَهَوْا عَنِ الْكَبَائِرِ فَهُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ مُؤْمِنُونَ مُحْسِنُونَ مُتَّقُونَ، فَادْعُوهُمْ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْعِبَادَةِ، وَالْعِبَادَةُ: الصِّيَامُ، وَالْقِيَامُ، وَالْخُشُوعُ، [وَالْخُضُوعُ]، وَالرُّكُوعُ، وَالسُّجُودُ، وَالْإِنَابَةُ، وَالْيَقِينُ، وَالْإِخْبَاتُ، وَالتَّهْلِيلُ، وَالتَّسْبِيحُ، وَالتَّحْمِيدُ، وَالتَّكْبِيرُ، وَالصَّدَقَةُ بَعْدَ الزَّكَاةِ، وَالتَّوَاضُعُ، وَالسُّكُونُ، وَالْمُوَاسَاةُ، وَالدُّعَاءُ، وَالتَّضَرُّعُ، وَالْإِقْرَارُ بِالْمُلْكِ وَالْعُبُودِيَّةِ، وَالِاسْتِقْلَالُ بِمَا كَثُرَ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ الصَّالِحِ، فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَهُمْ مُؤْمِنُونَ مُسْلِمُونَ مُحْسِنُونَ مُتَّقُونَ عَابِدُونَ، وَقَدِ اسْتَكْمَلُوا الْعِبَادَةَ فَادْعُوهُمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى الْجِهَادِ وَبَيِّنُوهُ لَهُمْ، وَرَغِّبُوهُمْ فِيمَا رَغَّبَهُمُ اللهُ فِيهِ مِنْ فَضِيلَةِ الْجِهَادِ وَثَوَابِهِ عِنْدَ اللهِ، فَإِنِ انْتُدِبُوا فَبَايِعُوهُمْ وَادْعُوهُمْ حَتَّى تُبَايِعُوهُمْ إِلَى سُنَّةِ اللهِ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ، عَلَيْكُمْ عَهْدُ اللهِ وَذِمَّتُهُ سَبْعُ كَفَالَاتٍ، يَعْنِي: اللهُ كَفِيلٌ عَلَى الْوَفَاءِ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ - لَا تَنْكُثُونَ أَيْدِيَكُمْ مِنْ بَيْعَةٍ وَلَا تَنْقُضُونَ أَمْرَ وَالٍ مِنْ وُلَاةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَإِذَا أَقَرُّوا بِهَذَا فَبَايِعُوهُمْ، وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللهَ لَهُمْ، فَإِذَا خَرَجُوا يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ غَضَبًا لِلهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَنَصْرًا لِدِينِهِ، فَمَنْ لَقُوا مِنَ النَّاسِ فَلْيَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى مَا دُعُوا إِلَيْهِ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ بِإِجَابَتِهِ ثُمَّ إِسْلَامِهِ وَإِيمَانِهِ وَإِحْسَانِهِ وَتَقْوَاهُ وَعِبَادَتِهِ وَجِهَادِهِ، فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَهُمْ فَهُوَ الْمُسْتَحَثُّ الْمُسْتَكْثِرُ [الْمُسْلِمُ] الْمُؤْمِنُ الْمُحْسِنُ الْمُتَّقِي الْعَابِدُ الْمُجَاهِدُ، لَهُ مَا لَكُمْ وَعَلَيْهِ مَا عَلَيْكُمْ، وَمَنْ أَبَى هَذَا عَلَيْكُمْ فَقَاتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّى يَفِيءَ إِلَى أَمْرِ اللهِ وَإِلَى دِينِهِ، وَمَنْ عَاهَدْتُمْ وَأَعْطَيْتُمُوهُ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ فَفُوا لَهُ بِهَا، وَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ وَأَعْطَاكُمُ الرِّضَا فَهُوَ مِنْكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ مِنْهُ، وَمَنْ قَاتَلَكُمْ عَلَى هَذَا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا سَمَّعْتُمُوهُ لَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ، وَمَنْ صَالَ بِكُمْ فَحَارِبُوهُ، وَمَنْ كَايَدَكُمْ فَكَايِدُوهُ، وَمَنْ جَمَعَ لَكُمْ فَاجْمَعُوا لَهُ، وَمَنْ غَالَكُمْ فَغِيلُوهُ، أَوْ خَادَعَكُمْ فَاخْدَعُوهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَعْتَدُوا أَوْ مَاكَرَكُمْ فَامْكُرُوا بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَعْتَدُوا سِرًّا أَوْ عَلَانِيَةً، فَإِنَّهُ مَنِ انْتَصَرَ بَعْدَ ظُلْمِهِ فَأُولَئِكَ مَا عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللهَ مَعَكُمْ يَرَاكُمْ وَيَرَى أَعْمَالَكُمْ، وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَصْنَعُونَهُ كُلَّهُ، فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ وَكُونُوا عَلَى حَذَرٍ، فَإِنَّمَا هَذِهِ أَمَانَةٌ أَمَّنَنِي رَبِّي عَلَيْهَا، أُبَلِّغُهَا عِبَادَهُ، عُذْرًا مِنْهُ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَحُجَّةً مِنْهُ، أَحْتَجُّ بِهَا عَلَى مَنْ بَلَغَهُ هَذَا الْكِتَابُ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ جَمِيعًا فَمَنْ عَمِلَ بِمَا فِيهِ نَجَا، وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ بِمَا فِيهِ اهْتَدَى، وَمَنْ خَاصَمَ بِهِ أَفْلَحَ، وَمَنْ قَاتَلَ بِهِ نُصِرَ، وَمَنْ تَرَكَهُ ضَلَّ حَتَّى يُرَاجِعَهُ، فَتَعَلَّمُوا مَا فِيهِ، وَأَسْمِعُوا آذَانَكُمْ، وَأَوْعُوهُ أَجْوَافَكُمْ، وَاسْتَحْفِظُوهُ قُلُوبَكُمْ ; فَإِنَّهُ نُورُ الْأَبْصَارِ، وَرَبِيعُ الْقُلُوبِ وَشِفَاءٌ لِمَا فِي الصُّدُورِ، وَكَفَى بِهَذَا أَمْرًا وَمُعْتَبَرًا، وَزَاجِرًا وَعِظَةً وَدَاعِيًا إِلَى اللهِ [وَرَسُولِهِ]، فَهَذَا هُوَ الْخَيْرُ الَّذِي لَا شَرَّ فِيهِ، كِتَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَنَبِيِّهِ لِلْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَدْعُو إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ إِلَى مَا فِيهِ مِنْ حَلَالٍ، وَيَنْهَى عَمَّا فِيهِ مِنْ حَرَامٍ، وَيَدُلَّ عَلَى مَا فِيهِ مِنْ رُشْدٍ، وَيَنْهَى عَمَّا فِيهِ مِنْ غَيٍّ، كِتَابٌ ائْتَمَنَ عَلَيْهِ نَبِيُّ اللهِ الْعَلَاءَ بْنَ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ وَخَلِيفَتَهُ سَيْفَ اللهِ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ، وَقَدْ أَعْذَرَ إِلَيْهِمَا فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ بِمَا فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ [وَ] إِلَى مَنْ مَعَهُمَا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ عُذْرًا فِي إِضَاعَةِ شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ، لَا الْوُلَاةِ وَلَا الْمُتَوَلَّى عَلَيْهِمْ، فَمَنْ بَلَغَهُ هَذَا الْكِتَابُ مِنَ الْخَلْقِ جَمِيعًا فَلَا عُذْرَ لَهُ وَلَا حُجَّةَ، وَلَا يُعْذَرُ بِجَهَالَةِ شَيْءٍ مِمَّا فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ، كُتِبَ هَذَا الْكِتَابُ لِثَلَاثٍ مِنْ ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، لِأَرْبَعِ سِنِينَ مَضَيْنَ مِنْ مُهَاجَرِ نَبِيِّ اللهِ إِلَّا شَهْرَيْنِ، شَهِدَ الْكِتَابَ يَوْمَ كَتَبَهُ ابْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ يُمِلُّهُ عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ [ ابْنُ عَفَّانَ ] ؓ، رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ [جَالِسٌ]، الْمُخْتَارُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ، وَأَبُو ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيُّ، وَحُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ الْعَبْسِيُّ، وَقُصَيُّ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ، وَشَبِيبُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْثَدٍ الْغَسَّانِيُّ، وَالْمُسْتَنِيرُ ابْنُ أَبِي صَعْصَعَةَ الْخُزَاعِيُّ، وَعَوَانَةُ بْنُ شَمَّاخٍ الْجُهَنِيُّ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، وَزَيْدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ، وَالنُّقَبَاءُ، وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ، وَأَرْبَعَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ حَتَّى دَفَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ وَسَيْفِ اللهِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ؓ. سقط من طبعة دار العاصمة، والمثبت من زوائد الحارث، وإتحاف البوصيري

    ✧ In the name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful. This is a letter from Muhammad b. Abdullah, the unlettered Prophet, the Qurashi, the Hashimi, the Messenger of God and His Prophet to all His creation: to al-Ala b. al-Hadrami and those Muslims with him—a covenant he covenanted to you. Fear God, O Muslims, as much as you are able, for I have sent over you al-Ala b. al-Hadrami and appointed him as commander, to fear God alone with no partner, to be gentle to you, and to conduct himself among you with truth, and to judge between you and those he meets of the people according to what God, Mighty and Majestic, sent down in His Book of justice. I command you to obey him as long as he does that and distributes equitably, and is merciful when mercy is sought. So listen to him and obey, and support and assist him well. For I have over you a right of obedience, a great right; you cannot estimate its full measure, and words cannot reach the true essence of the greatness of God and the right of His Messenger. Just as God and His Messenger have over all people in general, and over you in particular, an obligatory right, so obedience to him and fulfillment of his covenant [and may God be pleased with whoever holds fast to obedience and magnifies the right of its people and the right of its governors]. Likewise, Muslims have over their governors an obligatory right and obedience, which God Almighty has ordained for whoever holds fast to obedience and magnifies the right of its people and the right of its governors. For in obedience is the attainment of every good sought and deliverance from every evil feared. I call God to witness regarding anyone I appoint over any affair of the Muslims, small or great, who does not act justly among them, that he has no obedience, and he is dismissed from what I appointed him to, and the protection of the Muslims with him is absolved, along with their oaths and their covenant [and their protection]. Then let them ask God Almighty for guidance, and then let them appoint over themselves the best of them in their own view. Behold, if any calamity befalls al-Ala, then Khalid b. al-Walid ؓ, the Sword of God, is his successor among them for al-Ala b. al-Hadrami. So listen to him and obey as long as you know he is upon the truth, until he opposes the truth for something else. Proceed with the blessing of God and His help, victory, well-being, guidance, and success. Whomever you meet among people, call them to the Book of God sent down and the practices of His Messenger ﷺ, and to making lawful what God made lawful for them in His Book, and forbidding what God forbade them in His Book, and to casting off rivals and renouncing polytheism and disbelief, and to disbelieving in the worship of the tyrant and al-Lat and al-Uzza, and to abandoning worship of Jesus son of Mary, and Ezra son of Harwa, and the angels and the sun and the moon [and the fires], and everything taken as a rival besides God Almighty, and to taking God and His Messenger as guardians, and to renouncing what God and His Messenger renounced. When they do that and affirm it and enter into allegiance, then explain to them what is in the Book of God to which you call them. For it is the Book of God sent down with the Trustworthy Spirit upon His chosen one among the worlds, Muhammad b. Abdullah, His servant, Messenger, and Prophet [and beloved]. He sent him as a mercy to the worlds [in general], white and black among them, humans and jinn. The Book of God contains the news of everything that was before you and what will be after you, so that it may be a barrier between people by which God Almighty separates some of them from others, and in it is the turning away of some of them from others. It is the Book of God, dominant over the books, confirming what is in them of the Torah, the Gospel, and the Psalms. In it God informs you of what was before you that you missed in your first ancestors, to whom the messengers and prophets of God came, how their response was and with what He sent them, and how their affirmation of the signs of God Almighty or their denial of them was. And God Almighty informed in His Book of their affairs and their deeds, and the deeds of those of them who perished in their religion, so that you may avoid that and not do the like, lest there befall you from the Book of God Almighty of His punishment, wrath, and vengeance the like of what befell them because of their evil deeds and their contempt for God's command. And He informed you in His Book of the deeds of those who passed before you so that you may do the like of their deeds. He made clear to you in this Book of His all of that matter, as a mercy from Him to you and compassion from your Lord upon you. It is guidance from error, clarification from blindness, recovery from stumbling, deliverance from trial, light from darkness, healing at events, protection from destruction, right direction from misguidance, clarity from confusion, and the decisive criterion between this world and the Hereafter. In it is the perfection of your religion. When you present this to them and they affirm it to you, then complete the allegiance. Then present to them Islam, which is the five prayers, giving the zakat, pilgrimage to the House, fasting Ramadan, the major ablution from janabah, purification before prayer, dutifulness to parents, maintaining ties with Muslim kin, and good companionship [even] toward polytheist parents. If they do that, they have become Muslims. Then call them thereafter to faith and establish for them its laws and landmarks. Faith is the testimony that there is no god but God alone with no partner, and that Muhammad is His servant [and Messenger], and that what Muhammad brought is the truth, and that what is other than it is falsehood, and faith in God, His angels, His books, His messengers and prophets, and the Last Day, and faith in what is before it and after it of the Torah, the Gospel, and the Psalms [and the resurrection, the gathering, and the reckoning], and Paradise and Hell, death and life, and faith in God and His Messenger and for all believers. When they do that and affirm it, they are submissive believers. Then guide them thereafter to excellence and teach them that excellence is to do good between them and God Almighty in fulfilling the trust and His covenant which He covenanted to His messengers, and the covenant of His messengers to His creation and the leaders of the believers, and submission and the safety of Muslims from every harm of tongue or hand, and to seek for the rest of the Muslims what he seeks for himself, and the affirmation of the promises of the Lord and meeting Him and seeing Him, and bidding farewell to the world at every hour, and self-reckoning at the completion of every day and night, and provision from night and day, and care for what God has obligated to be performed to Him in secret and openly. When they do that, they are submissive, believing, excellent ones. Then describe to them the major sins and guide them to them, and warn them of destruction in the major sins, for the major sins are the destructive ones. The first of them is associating partners with God; indeed, God does not forgive that partners be associated with Him, and sorcery, and the sorcerer has no share [in the Hereafter], and severing ties of kinship—may God curse them—and fleeing from the battlefield, for he has incurred wrath from God, and embezzlement; he will bring what he embezzled on the Day of Resurrection and it will not be accepted from them, and killing a believing soul—its recompense is Hell—and slandering chaste women—they are cursed in this world and the Hereafter—and consuming the orphan's property; they consume fire in their bellies and will burn in a blaze, and consuming usury; then announce war from God and His Messenger. When they desist from the major sins, they are submissive, believing, excellent, God-fearing ones. Then call them in like manner to worship. Worship is fasting, standing [in prayer], humility, [submissiveness], bowing, prostration, turning [to God], certainty, tenderness, declaring God's oneness, glorification, praise, magnification, charity after zakat, humbleness, tranquility, mutual consolation, supplication, earnest entreaty, acknowledgment of sovereignty and servitude, and deeming little what one does of much righteous work. When they do that, they are believing, submissive, excellent, God-fearing, worshipping ones and have completed worship. Then call them at that point to jihad and explain it to them, and make them desire what God made them desire of the virtue of jihad and its reward with God. If they are summoned, then accept their pledge and call them until you pledge them to the practice of God and the practice of His Messenger. Upon you is the covenant of God and His protection, seven sureties—meaning God is guarantor for fulfillment seven times—that you will not break your hands from a pledge nor violate the command of any governor among the governors of the Muslims. When they affirm this, accept their pledge and seek forgiveness from God for them. When they go out fighting in the path of God, anger for God Almighty and support for His religion, then whoever they meet among people, let them call them to what they were called to of the Book of God, by answering it, then its Islam, faith, excellence, God-fearing, worship, and jihad. Whoever follows them is the incited, the abundant, the submissive, the believer, the excellent, the God-fearing, the worshipper, the fighter; he has what you have and upon him is what is upon you. And whoever refuses this to you, fight them until they return to the command of God and to His religion. Whoever you make a treaty with and give the protection of God, fulfill it for him. Whoever submits and gives you satisfaction, he is of you and you are of him. Whoever fights you over this after you have made it heard to him, kill him. Whoever assaults you, fight him. Whoever schemes against you, scheme against him. Whoever gathers against you, gather against him. Whoever assassinates you, assassinate him, or deceives you, then deceive him without transgressing, or plots against you, then plot against him without transgressing, secretly or openly. For whoever avenges after being wronged, upon such there is no way [of blame]. Know that God is with you, sees you and sees your deeds, and knows all that you do. So fear God and be on guard. This is only a trust with which my Lord entrusted me, to convey it to His servants as an excuse from Him to them and a proof from Him with which I argue against all creation whom this book reaches. Whoever acts upon what is in it will be saved, whoever follows what is in it will be guided, whoever disputes by it will succeed, whoever fights by it will be aided, and whoever leaves it will go astray until he returns to it. So learn what is in it, listen with your ears, retain it in your hearts, and preserve it in your minds, for it is light for the eyes, spring for the hearts, and healing for what is in the breasts. This suffices as a matter and lesson, a deterrent, admonition, and caller to God [and His Messenger]. This is the good in which there is no evil. The letter of Muhammad, servant of God, His Messenger and Prophet, to al-Ala b. al-Hadrami when he sent him to Bahrain to call to God and His Messenger, commanding him to call to what is in it of lawful and forbid what is in it of unlawful, and to guide to what is in it of right direction and forbid what is in it of error. A letter with which the Prophet of God entrusted al-Ala b. al-Hadrami and his successor the Sword of God, Khalid b. al-Walid, and he has left no excuse to them in the bequest of what is in this letter [and] to the Muslims with them, and he made no excuse for any of them in wasting any of it, neither the governors nor the governed. Whoever of all creation this letter reaches has no excuse and no argument, and he is not excused for ignorance of anything in this letter. This letter was written on the third of Dhu al-Qa'dah, four years having passed of the migration of the Prophet of God except two months. Witnessed the letter on the day it was written: Ibn Abi Sufyan dictating it to him, Uthman [b. Affan] ؓ, the Messenger of God ﷺ [seated], al-Mukhtar b. Qays al-Qurashi, Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, Hudhayfah b. al-Yaman al-Absi, Qusayy b. Abi Umar al-Himyari, Shabib b. Abi Marthad al-Ghassani, al-Mustanir b. Abi Sa'sa'ah al-Khuza'i, Awanah b. Shammakh al-Juhani, Sa'd b. Malik al-Ansari, Sa'd b. Ubadah al-Ansari, Zayd b. Umayr, the naqibs, a man from Quraysh, a man from Juhaynah, and four from the Ansar, until the Messenger of God ﷺ handed it to al-Ala b. al-Hadrami and the Sword of God, Khalid b. al-Walid ؓ. [This passage was omitted from the Dar al-Asimah edition; it is established from Zawa'id al-Harith and It-haf al-Busiri].

94. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2492No grade recorded

    قِيلَ لِعَلِيٍّ ؓ: أَلَا تَسْتَخْلِفُ ؟ قَالَ: لَا، وَلَكِنْ أَتْرُكُكُمْ إِلَى مَا تَرَكَكُمْ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ

    ✧ It was said to ‘Ali ؓ: Will you not appoint a successor? He said: No, but I will leave you to what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ left you to.

95. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2493No grade recorded

    ثُمَّ إِنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ اسْتَلْقَى فِي حَائِطٍ مِنْ حِيطَانِ الْمَدِينَةِ... فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةً، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: مَنْ تَسْتَخْلِفُونَ بَعْدِي ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ: الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ. قَالَ: إِذًا تَسْتَخْلِفُونَ شَحِيحًا غَلِقًا - يَعْنِي سَيِّئَ الْأَخْلَاقِ. فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: نَسْتَخْلِفُ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ ؓ. قَالَ: كَيْفَ تَسْتَخْلِفُونَ رَجُلًا كَانَ أَوَّلُ شَيْءٍ نَحَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْضًا نَحَلَهَا إِيَّاهَا فَجَعَلَهَا فِي مَهْرِ يَهُودِيَّةٍ. فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ: نَسْتَخْلِفُ عَلِيًّا ؓ. فَقَالَ: إِنَّكُمْ لَعَمْرِي مَا تَسْتَخْلِفُونَهُ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوِ اسْتَخْلَفْتُمُوهُ لَأَقَامَكُمْ عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَإِنْ كَرِهْتُمْ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ ؓ: قَدْ عَلِمْنَا الْخَلِيفَةَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ. فَقَعَدَ فَقَالَ: مَنْ ؟ قَالَ: عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ، وَكَانَ الْوَلِيدُ أَخَا عُثْمَانَ لِأُمِّهِ. فَقَالَ: فَكَيْفَ بِحُبِّ عُثْمَانَ ؓ الْمَالَ وَبِرَّهُ بِأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ ؟.

    ✧ Then ‘Umar ؓ lay down in one of the gardens of Madinah... Then he mentioned a story, and ‘Umar ؓ said: Whom will you appoint as successor after me? A man from the people said to him: Al-Zubayr b. al-‘Awwam ؓ. He said: Then you will appoint as successor a stingy, ill-tempered man—meaning bad in character. Another man said: We will appoint Talhah b. ‘Ubayd Allah ؓ. He said: How can you appoint as successor a man whose first possession, which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ granted him, was land that he gave as a dowry to a Jewish woman? A man from the people said: We will appoint ‘Ali ؓ. He said: By my life, you will not appoint him. By Him in whose hand is my soul, if you appointed him, he would establish you upon the truth even if you disliked it. He said: Then al-Walid b. ‘Uqbah ؓ said: We know the caliph after you. He sat up and said: Who? He said: ‘Uthman b. ‘Affan ؓ—and al-Walid was ‘Uthman's half-brother through his mother. He said: But what about ‘Uthman's ؓ love of wealth and his kindness to his family?

96. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2494No grade recorded

    كَانَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ، وَمُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ ؓ يَتَنَاجَيَانِ بَيْنَهُمَا حَدِيثًا. فَقُلْتُ لَهُمَا: أَمَا حَفِظْتُمَا فِي وَصِيَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ؟ فَجَعَلَا يَتَذَاكَرَانِهِ، فَقَالَا: إِنَّمَا بُدُوُّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ نُبُوَّةٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ، ثُمَّ كَائِنٌ خِلَافَةً وَرَحْمَةً، ثُمَّ كَائِنٌ مُلْكًا عَضُوضًا، ثُمَّ كَائِنٌ عُتُوًّا وَجَبْرِيَّةً وَفَسَادًا فِي الْأُمَّةِ، يَسْتَحِلُّونَ الْخُمُورَ وَالْفُرُوجَ، وَفَسَادًا فِي الْأُمَّةِ يُنْصَرُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَيُرْزَقُونَ حَتَّى يَلْقَوُا اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ

    ✧ Abu ‘Ubaydah b. al-Jarrah and Mu‘adh b. Jabal ؓ were whispering to one another about something. I said to them: Have you not kept in mind the testament of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? They began reminding one another of it, and they said: The beginning of this nation is prophethood and mercy, then there will be a caliphate and mercy, then there will be a biting kingship, then there will be arrogance, tyranny, and corruption in the nation. They will consider wine and private parts lawful, and there will be corruption in the nation—they will be given victory and provision for that until they meet Allah, Mighty and Majestic.

97. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2495No grade recorded

    رَوَاهُ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ: عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ، نَحْوَهُ.:

    ✧ Al-Tayalisi narrated it: from Jarir b. Hazim, from Layth, similarly.

98. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2496No grade recorded

    وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ، ثَنَا جَرِيرٌ - هُوَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ -:

    ✧ Abu Ya‘la said: Abu Khaythamah narrated to us, Jarir—meaning Ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid—narrated to us:

99. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2497No grade recorded

    وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمِنْهَالِ، ثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ، بِهِ.:

    ✧ And Muhammad b. al-Minhal narrated to us, ‘Abd al-Wahid b. Ziyad narrated to us, from Layth, with it.

100. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2498No grade recorded

     جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ فَقَالَ: هَلْ حَدَّثَكُمْ نَبِيُّكُمْ: كَمْ يَكُونُ بَعْدَهُ مِنَ الْخُلَفَاءِ ؟ فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، وَمَا سَأَلَنِي عَنْهَا أَحَدٌ قَبْلَكَ، وَإِنَّكَ لَمِنْ أَحْدَثِ الْقَوْمِ سِنًّا. قَالَ: يَكُونُونَ عِدَّةَ نُقَبَاءِ مُوسَى اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا

     ✧ A man came to ‘Abd Allah b. Mas‘ud ؓ and said: Has your Prophet told you how many caliphs there will be after him? He said: Yes, and no one has asked me about it before you, even though you are among the youngest of the people. He said: They will be the number of the chiefs of Musa—twelve chiefs.

101. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2499No grade recorded

     وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ، ثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، عَنْ مُجَالِدٍ بِهِ.::

     ✧ Abu Ya‘la said: Shayban b. Farrukh narrated to us, Hammad narrated to us, from Mujalid, with it.

102. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2500No grade recorded

     جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ

     ✧ A Bedouin came to ‘Abd Allah b. Mas‘ud ؓ

103. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2501No grade recorded

     أَوَّلُ مَنْ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْإِمَارَةِ بِالْكُوفَةِ مُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ ؓ، فَكَرِهَهُ ثُمَّ أَقَرَّهُ

     ✧ The first to greet him with the title of command in Kufah was Mughirah b. Shu‘bah ؓ, and he disliked it, then he accepted it.