25. Transactions
«رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا سَمْحًا إِذَا بَاعَ، سَمْحًا إِذَا اشْتَرَى، سَمْحًا إِذَا اقْتَضَى، سَمْحًا إِذَا قَضَى»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "May Allah have mercy on a servant who is easygoing when he sells, easygoing when he buys, easygoing when he demands payment, and easygoing when he pays."
«الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيَّنَا بُورِكَ لَهُمَا فِي بَيْعِهِمَا وَإِنْ كَذِبَا وَكَتَمَا مُحِقَ بَرَكَةُ بَيْعِهِمَا»
✧ "The two parties to a sale have the option as long as they do not separate. If they are truthful and make things clear, they will be blessed in their sale; if they lie and conceal, the blessing of their sale will be erased."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ مَرَّ عَلَى صُبْرَةِ طَعَامٍ فَأَدْخَلَ أَصَابِعَهُ فِيهَا فَإِذَا فِيهِ بَلَلٌ فَقَالَ «مَا هَذَا يَا صَاحِبَ الطَّعَامِ؟ » قَالَ أَصَابَتْهُ سَمَاءٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «فَهَلَّا جَعَلْتَهُ فَوْقَ الطَّعَامِ حَتَّى يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ مَنْ غَشَّنَا فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا»
✧ The Prophet passed by a heap of food and inserted his fingers into it, and found moisture. He said: "What is this, O owner of the food?" He said: "It was affected by rain, O Messenger of Allah." He said: "Why did you not put it on top of the food so that people could see it? Whoever deceives us is not of us."
«الْيَمِينُ الْكَاذِبَةُ مَنْفَقَةٌ لِلسِّلْعَةِ مَمْحَقَةٌ لِلْكَسْبِ»
✧ "A false oath sells the goods but wipes out the profit."
«ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ وَلَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلَا يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ هُمْ خَابُوا وَخَسِرُوا؟ فَأَعَادَهَا فَقُلْتُ مَنْ هُمْ فَقَالَ «الْمُسْبِلُ وَالْمَنَّانُ وَالْمُنْفِقُ سِلْعَتَهُ بِالْحَلِفِ كَاذِبًا»
✧ "There are three whom Allah will not speak to, nor look at, on the Day of Resurrection, nor purify them, and they will have a painful punishment." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, who are they? They have failed and lost." He repeated it, and I said, "Who are they?" He said, "The one who lets his garment hang below his ankles, the one who reminds others of his gifts, and the one who sells his goods by swearing falsely."
«ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ وَلَا يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ رَجُلٌ حَلَفَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ عَلَى مَالِ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ فَاقْتَطَعَهُ وَرَجُلٌ حَلَفَ لَقَدْ أَعْطَى بِسِلْعَتِهِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا أَعْطَى وَرَجُلٌ مَنَعَ فَضْلَ الْمَاءِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ الْيَوْمَ أَمْنَعُكَ فَضْلِي كَمَا مَنَعْتَ فَضْلَ مَا لَمْ تَعْمَلْهُ يَدَاكَ»
✧ "There are three whom Allah will not speak to, nor look at: a man who swears after the 'Asr prayer concerning the property of a Muslim man and thereby takes it unlawfully; a man who swears that he was given more for his goods than he actually was; and a man who withholds surplus water. Allah will say, 'Today I withhold My bounty from you as you withheld the surplus of what your hands did not produce.'"
مَرَّ أَعْرَابِيٌّ بِشَاةٍ فَقُلْتُ تَبِيعُنِيهَا بِثَلَاثَةِ دَرَاهِمَ؟ قَالَ لَا وَاللَّهِ ثُمَّ بَاعَنِيهَا فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «بَاعَ آخِرَتَهُ بِدُنْيَاهُ»
✧ A Bedouin passed by a sheep, and I said, "Will you sell it to me for three dirhams?" He said, "No, by Allah," then he sold it to me. I mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said, "He sold his Hereafter for his worldly life."
أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ وَالنَّاسُ يَتَبَايَعُونَ فَنَادَى يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ فَاسْتَجَابُوا لَهُ وَرَفَعُوا إِلَيْهِ أَبْصَارَهُمْ وَقَالَ «إِنَّ التُّجَّارَ يُبْعَثُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فُجَّارًا إِلَّا مَنِ اتَّقَى وَبَرَّ وَصَدَقَ»
✧ He went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to al-Baqi' while people were trading. He called out, "O company of merchants," and they responded to him and raised their eyes to him. He said, "Indeed, merchants will be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection as wicked sinners, except those who fear Allah, act righteously, and speak the truth."
أَقْبَلْنَا مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَنَزَلْنَا مَنْزِلًا دُونَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «بِعْنِي جَمَلَكَ هَذَا» قُلْتُ لَا بَلْ هُوَ لَكَ قَالَ فَقَالَ «لَا بِعْنِيهِ» قُلْتُ لَا بَلْ هُوَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «لَا بِعْنِيهِ» قُلْتُ كَانَ لِرَجُلٍ عَلَيَّ أُوقِيَّةٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَهُوَ لَكَ بِهَا قَالَ ﷺ «قَدْ أَخَذْتُهُ فَتَبَلَّغْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ» فَلَمَّا قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِبِلَالٍ «أَعْطِهِ أُوقِيَّةً مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَزِدْهُ» قَالَ فَأَعْطَانِي أُوقِيَّةً مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَزَادَنِي قِيرَاطًا قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَا تُفَارِقُنِي زِيَادَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ فِي كِيسٍ فَأَخَذَهُ أَهْلُ الشَّامِ لَيَالِيَ الْحَرَّةِ
✧ We came from Makkah to Madinah and stopped at a place near Madinah. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Sell me this camel of yours." I said, "No, rather it is yours." He said, "No, sell it to me." I said, "No, rather it is yours, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "No, sell it to me." I said, "A man owed me an uqiyyah of gold, so it is yours for that." He ﷺ said, "I have taken it; ride it to Madinah." When I arrived in Madinah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Bilal, "Give him an uqiyyah of gold and add more." He said, "He gave me an uqiyyah of gold and added a qirat." I said, "The addition of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ will never leave me," so it was in a pouch, and the people of Syria took it during the nights of al-Harrah.
«الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا»
✧ "The two parties to a sale have the option as long as they do not separate."
«كُلُّ بَيِّعَيْنِ لَا بَيْعَ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى يَتَفَرَّقَا إِلَّا بَيْعَ الْخِيَارِ»
✧ "There is no sale between two parties to a transaction until they separate, except a sale with an option."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4914Hasan sahih
«مَنِ ابْتَاعَ بَيْعًا فَوَجَبَ لَهُ فَهُوَ فِيهِ بِالْخِيَارِ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ مَا لَمْ يُفَارِقْهُ إِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ فَإِنْ فَارَقَهُ فَلَا خِيَارَ لَهُ»
✧ "Whoever buys something and it becomes his, he has the option over his counterpart as long as he does not part from him: if he wishes, he takes it, and if he wishes, he leaves it. If he parts from him, then there is no option for him."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4915Hasan sahih
أَخْبَرَنَاهُ الْقَطَّانُ فِي عَقِبِهِ حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ حَدَّثَنَا زَيْدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَيْدٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ
✧ Al-Qattan narrated to us in its wake: al-Abbas b. al-Walid narrated to us: Zayd b. Yahya narrated to us: Abu Mu'ayd narrated to us from Sulayman b. Musa from Nafi' from Ibn Umar from the Prophet ﷺ the like of it.
«الْمُتَبَايعَانِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا إِلَّا بَيْعَ الْخِيَارِ»
✧ "The two parties to a sale, each of them has the option against the other as long as they do not separate, except a sale with an option."
«إِذَا تَبَايَعَ الرَّجُلَانِ فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا وَكَانَا جَمِيعًا أَوْ يُخَيِّرُ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ فَإِنْ خَيَّرَ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ فَتَبَايَعَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْبَيْعُ فَإِنْ تَفَرَّقَا بَعْدَ أَنْ تَبَايَعَا وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيْعَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْبَيْعُ»
✧ "When two men engage in a sale, each of them has the option as long as they do not separate and are together, or one of them gives the other the choice. If one of them gives the other the choice and they conclude the sale on that basis, then the sale is binding. If they separate after concluding the sale and neither of them has withdrawn from the sale, then the sale is binding."
«كِيلُوا طَعَامَكُمْ يُبَارَكْ لَكُمْ فِيهِ»
"I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'Measure your food, may you be blessed therein."' (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2231)
«لَمَّا قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ كَانُوا مِنْ أَخْبَثِ النَّاسِ كَيْلًا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {وَيْلٌ لِلْمُطَفِّفِينَ} فَأَحْسَنُوا الْكَيْلَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ»
✧ «When the Prophet ﷺ arrived in Madinah, they were among the worst of people in measuring. Then Allah ﷻ sent down {Woe to those who give less} [al-Mutaffifin 83:1], and after that they measured well.»
كُنْتُ أَبِيعُ الْإِبِلَ فِي الْبَقِيعِ فَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ وَآخُذُ الدَّرَاهِمَ وَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَآخُذُ الدَّنَانِيرَ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي أَبِيعُ الْإِبِلَ بِالْبَقِيعِ فَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ وَآخُذُ الدَّرَاهِمَ وَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَآخُذُ الدَّنَانِيرَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَا بَأْسَ إِذَا أَخَذْتُهُمَا بِسِعْرِ يَوْمِهِمَا فَافْتَرَقْتُمَا وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَكُمَا شَيْءٌ»
✧ I used to sell camels in al-Baqi'. I would sell for dinars and take dirhams, and sell for dirhams and take dinars. I came to the Prophet ﷺ while he was in Hafsah's house and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I sell camels in al-Baqi'. I sell for dinars and take dirhams, and sell for dirhams and take dinars.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'There is no harm if you take them at the exchange rate of that day, and you part while there is nothing outstanding between you.'
«مَنِ اشْتَرَى نَخْلًا بَعْدَمَا أُبِّرَتْ وَلَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ ثَمَرَهَا فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُ وَمَنِ اشْتَرَى عَبْدًا وَلَمْ يَشْتَرِطْ مَالَهُ فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُ»
✧ «Whoever buys palm trees after they have been pollinated and does not stipulate their fruit, then nothing of it belongs to him. And whoever buys a slave and does not stipulate his property, then nothing of it belongs to him.»
«مَنِ ابْتَاعَ نَخْلًا بَعْدَ أَنْ تُؤَبَّرَ فَثَمَرَتُهَا لِلَّذِي بَاعَهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ وَمَنْ بَاعَ عَبْدًا وَلَهُ مَالٌ فَمَالُهُ لِلْبَائِعِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ»
✧ «Whoever buys palm trees after they have been pollinated, their fruit belongs to the seller, unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. And whoever sells a slave who has property, his property belongs to the seller, unless the buyer stipulates otherwise.»
«مَنْ بَاعَ نَخِيلًا بَعْدَ أَنْ تُؤَبَّرَ فَثَمَرَتُهَا لِلَّذِي بَاعَهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ وَمَنْ بَاعَ عَبْدًا وَلَهُ مَالٌ فَمَالُهُ لِلَّذِي بَاعَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ»
✧ «Whoever sells palm trees after they have been pollinated, their fruit belongs to the seller, unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. And whoever sells a slave who has property, his property belongs to the seller, unless the buyer stipulates otherwise.»
«مَنِ ابْتَاعَ عَبْدًا وَلَهُ مَالٌ فَلَهُ مَالُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ وَمَنْ أَبَّرَ نَخْلًا فَبَاعَهُ بَعْدَ تَأْبِيرِهِ فَلَهُ ثَمَرُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ»
✧ «Whoever buys a slave who has property, then the property belongs to him, and upon him is the slave's debt, unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. And whoever pollinates palm trees and then sells them after their pollination, the fruit belongs to him, unless the buyer stipulates otherwise.»
«أَرْسَلَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَدَّادٍ وَأَبُو بُرْدَةَ» فَقَالَا لِي انْطَلِقْ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى فَقُلْ لَهُ «إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ شَدَّادٍ وَأَبَا بُرْدَةَ يُقْرِئَانِكَ السَّلَامَ» وَيَقُولَانِ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تُسْلِفُونَ فِي الْبُرِّ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ؟ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ كُنَّا نَصِيبُ غَنَائِمَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَنُسْلِفُهَا فِي الْبُرِّ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ» فَقُلْتُ «عِنْدَ مَنْ لَهُ زَرْعٌ أَوْ عِنْدَ مَنْ لَيْسَ لَهُ زَرْعٌ؟ » فَقَالَ «مَا كُنَّا نَسْأَلُهُمْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ»
✧ ʿAbdullāh ibn Shaddād and Abū Burdah sent me and said to me: “Go to ʿAbdullāh ibn Abī Awfā and say to him, ‘ʿAbdullāh ibn Shaddād and Abū Burdah send you greetings of peace,’ and ask, ‘Did you used to pay in advance for wheat, barley, and raisins?’” He said: “Yes. We used to obtain war-booty in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and we would pay in advance for wheat, barley, dates, and raisins.” I said: “From someone who has crops, or from someone who does not have crops?” He said: “We did not used to ask them about that.”
قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَالنَّاسُ يُسْلِفُونَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَسْلَفَ فَلَا يُسْلِفْ إِلَّا فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Madinah while the people were lending dates. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them, 'Whoever lends, let him lend only in a known measure and a known weight.'
«كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ شُرَكَاءَ لِي عَبْدٌ فَاحْتَوَيْنَاهُ بَيْنَنَا وَكَانَ بَعْضُ الشُّرَكَاءِ غَائِبًا فَقَدِمَ وَأَبَى أَنْ يُجِيزَهُ فَخَاصَمْنَا إِلَى هِشَامٍ فَقَضَى بِرَدِّ الْغُلَامِ وَالْخَرَاجِ وَكَانَ الْخَرَاجُ بَلَغَ أَلْفًا فَأَتَيْتُ عُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ» فَقَالَ «أَخْبَرَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَضَى أَنَّ الْخَرَاجَ بِالضَّمَانِ قَالَ » فَأَتَيْتُ هِشَامًا فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَرَدَّهُ وَلَمْ يَرُدَّ الْخَرَاجَ
✧ «There was a slave jointly owned by me and some partners of mine. We took possession of him among ourselves, but one of the partners was absent. When he arrived, he refused to approve the division. We brought the dispute to Hisham, and he ruled that the slave and the gain he had produced should be returned. The gain had reached a thousand. I went to 'Urwah b. al-Zubayr and informed him.» He said, «'A'ishah informed me from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he ruled that the benefit is accompanied by liability.'» He said, «So I went to Hisham and informed him, and he returned the slave but did not return the gain.»
«الْخَرَاجُ بِالضَّمَانِ»
✧ «The benefit is accompanied by liability.»
أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَعْتَقَ غُلَامًا لَهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مَنْ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنِّي؟ » فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّحَّامُ بِثَمَانِ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ قَالَ جَابِرٌ كَانَ عَبْدًا قِبْطِيًّا مَاتَ عَامَ الْأَوَّلِ
✧ A man from the Ansar freed a slave of his, and he had no wealth other than him. This reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said, 'Who will buy him from me?' Nu'aym b. 'Abd Allah al-Nahham bought him for eight hundred dirhams and handed them to him. Jabir said, 'He was a Coptic slave who died in the first year.'
أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو مَذْكُورٍ دَبَّرَ غُلَامًا لَهُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «لَهُ مَالُ غَيْرِهِ» قَالُوا لَا قَالَ «مَنْ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنِّي» فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمٌ النَّحَّامُ بِثَمَانِ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَنْفِقْهَا عَلَى نَفْسِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلًا فَعَلَى أَقَارِبِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلًا فَهَاهُنَا وَهَاهُنَا»
✧ A man from the Ansar called Abu Madhkur made a slave of his a mudabbar. This reached the Prophet ﷺ, and he said, 'Does he have any other wealth?' They said, 'No.' He said, 'Who will buy him from me?' Nu'aym al-Nahham bought him for eight hundred dirhams. The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Spend it on yourself first; if there is any surplus, then on your relatives; if there is any surplus, then here and here.'
أَنَّ أَبَا مَذْكُورٍ دَبَّرَ غُلَامًا لَهُ فَاحْتَاجَ فَبَاعَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَقَالَ «إِذَا كَانَ أَحَدُكُمْ مُحْتَاجًا فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِنَفْسِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلًا فَلِأَهْلِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلًا فَلِأَقَارِبِهِ»
✧ Abu Madhkur made a slave of his a mudabbar, then he fell into need, so the Prophet ﷺ sold him and said: "When one of you is in need, let him begin with himself; if there is surplus, then for his family; if there is surplus, then for his relatives."
أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَعْتَقَ عَبْدًا لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَأَخَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَاعَهُ وَقَالَ «أَنْتَ أَحْوَجُ إِلَى ثَمَنِهِ وَاللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَغْنَى»
✧ A man among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ manumitted a slave of his to be freed after his death, and he had no wealth other than him. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took him and sold him, and said: "You are more in need of his price, and Allah is more independent of him."
أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَعْتَقَ غُلَامًا لَهُ عَنْ دُبُرٍ وَاسْمُ الْغُلَامِ يَعْقُوبُ وَالَّذِي أَعْتَقَهُ يُدْعَى أَبَا مَذْكُورٍ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَدَعَا بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مَنْ يَشْتَرِي هَذَا مِنِّي؟ » فَاشْتَرَاهُ مِنْهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَخُو بَنِي عَدِيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ بِثَمَانِ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِهِ فَقَالَ «إِذَا كُنْتَ فَقِيرًا فَأَبْدَأُ بِنَفْسِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلًا فَعَلَى عِيَالِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلًا فَعَلَى قَرَابَتِكَ فَإِنْ كَانَ فَضْلًا فَهَاهُنَا وَهَاهُنَا» وَكَانَ إِذَا حَدَّثَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ كَانَ عَبْدًا قِبْطِيًّا مَاتَ عَامَ أَوَّلٍ
✧ A man of the Ansar manumitted a slave of his to be freed after his death; the slave's name was Ya'qub, and the one who manumitted him was called Abu Madhkur, and he had no wealth other than him. The Prophet ﷺ called for him and said: "Who will buy this from me?" Nu'aym b. 'Abd Allah, the brother of Banu 'Adi b. Ka'b, bought him from him for eight hundred dirhams. Then he called for him and said: "When you are poor, begin with yourself; if there is surplus, then for your dependents; if there is surplus, then for your relatives; if there is surplus, then here and there." When he related this hadith, he said: "He was a Coptic slave who died last year."
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَاعَ الْمُدَبَّرَ»
✧ «The Prophet ﷺ sold a mudabbar slave.»
«لَا يَحْتَكِرُ إِلَّا خَاطِئٌ»
✧ "None hoards except a sinner."
غَلَا السِّعْرُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ غَلَا السِّعْرُ فَسَعِّرْ لَنَا سِعْرًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْخَالِقُ الْقَابِضُ الْبَاسِطُ الرَّازِقُ وَإِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ لَا أَلْقَى اللَّهَ بِمَظْلِمَةٍ ظَلَمْتُهَا أَحَدًا مِنْكُمْ فِي أَهْلٍ وَلَا مَالٍ»
✧ Prices became high during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so they said: "O Messenger of Allah, prices have become high, so set prices for us." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed Allah is the Creator, the Withholder, the Expander, the Provider, and I hope to not meet Allah with an injustice by which I wronged anyone of you regarding family or wealth."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَظَرَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ وَقَالَ «قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّحُومُ فَبَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا حَرَّمَ شَيْئًا حَرَّمَ ثَمَنَهُ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ looked at the sky and said: "May Allah fight the Jews. Fats were forbidden to them, so they sold them and consumed their price. Indeed, when Allah forbids something, He forbids its price."
«نَهَى عَنْ ثَمَنِ الدَّمِ وَثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ»
✧ "He prohibited the price of blood and the price of a dog."
سَأَلْتُ جَابِرًا عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَالسِّنَّوْرِ فَقَالَ «زَجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ»
✧ I asked Jabir about the price of dogs and cats, and he said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade that."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4941Hasan sahih
«إِنَّ مَهْرَ الْبَغِيِّ وَثَمَنَ الْكَلْبِ وَالسِّنَّوْرِ وَكَسْبِ الْحَجَّامِ مِنَ السُّحْتِ»
✧ "Indeed the dowry of a prostitute, the price of a dog and a cat, and the earnings of a cupper are from illicit gain."
أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَمَّا يُعْصَرُ مِنَ الْعِنَبِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَهْدَى رَجُلٌ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَاوِيَةَ خَمْرٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَعَلَا حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا» فَسَارَ الرَّجُلُ إِنْسَانًا إِلَى جَنْبِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «بِمَ سَارَرْتَهُ؟ » فَقَالَ أَمَرْتُهُ أَنْ يَبِيعُهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الَّذِي حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا حَرَّمَ بَيْعَهَا فَفَتَحَ الْمَزَادَتَيْنِ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ مَا فِيهِمَا»
✧ He asked Ibn 'Abbas about what is pressed from grapes. Ibn 'Abbas said: A man gifted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a waterskin of wine, and the Prophet ﷺ said to him: "Do you not know that Allah, Mighty and Exalted, has forbidden drinking it?" So the man whispered to a person beside him, and the Prophet ﷺ said: "What did you whisper to him?" He said: "I ordered him to sell it." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: "Indeed, the One who forbade drinking it forbade selling it." So he opened the two waterskins until what was in them drained away.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4943No grade recorded
«لَمَّا أُنْزِلَتِ الْآيَاتُ مِنْ آخِرِ الْبَقَرَةِ فِي الرِّبَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَحَرَّمَ التِّجَارَةَ فِي الْخَمْرِ»
✧ "When the verses at the end of Surat al-Baqarah concerning riba were revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out and forbade trading in wine."
أَنَّ رَجُلًا خَرَجَ وَالْخَمْرُ حَلَالٌ فَأَهْدَى لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَاوِيَةَ خَمْرٍ فَأَقْبَلَ بِهَا عَلَى بَعِيرٍ حَتَّى وَجَدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَالِسًا فَقَالَ «مَا هَذَا مَعَكَ؟ » قَالَ رَاوِيَةٌ مِنْ خَمْرٍ أَهْدَيْتُهَا لَكَ قَالَ «هَلْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَعَلَا حَرَّمَهَا» قَالَ لَا قَالَ «فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ حَرَّمَهَا» فَالْتَفَتَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى قَائِدِ الْبَعِيرِ فَكَلَّمَهُ بِشَيْءٍ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ فَقَامَ فَقَالَ ﷺ «مَاذَا قُلْتَ لَهُ» قَالَ أَمَرْتُهُ بِبَيْعِهَا قَالَ «إِنَّ الَّذِي حَرَّمَ شُرْبَهَا حَرَّمَ بَيْعَهَا» قَالَ فَأَمَرَ بِعَزَالِي الْمَزَادَةِ فَفُتِحَتْ فَخَرَجْتُ فِي التُّرَابِ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهَا فِي الْبَطْحَاءِ مَا فِيهَا شَيْءٌ
✧ A man went out when wine was lawful and gifted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a skin of wine. He brought it on a camel until he found the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sitting. He said, "What is this with you?" He said, "A skin of wine which I gifted to you." He said, "Did you know that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has forbidden it?" He said, "No." He said, "Indeed Allah has forbidden it." The man turned to the camel's driver and spoke to him about something between them. Then he stood up and the Prophet ﷺ said, "What did you say to him?" He said, "I ordered him to sell it." He said, "The One who forbade drinking it has forbidden selling it." He said, "He then ordered the openings of the water skin to be opened, and it flowed out into the dirt. I looked at it in the wide valley and there was nothing in it."
لَمَّا حُرِّمَتِ الْخَمْرُ قَالَ إِنِّي يَوْمَئِذٍ أَسْقِي أَحَدَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا قَالَ فَأَمَرُونِي فَكَفَأْتُهَا وَكَفَأَ النَّاسُ آنِيَتَهُمْ بِمَا فِيهَا حَتَّى كَادَتِ السِّكَكُ تَمْتَنِعُ مِنْ رِيحِهَا قَالَ أَنَسٌ وَمَا خَمْرُهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَّا الْبُسْرُ وَالتَّمْرُ مَخْلُوطَيْنِ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ عِنْدِي مَالُ يَتِيمٍ فَاشْتَرَيْتُ بِهِ خَمْرًا أَفَتَرَى أَنْ أَبِيعَهُ فَأَرُدَّ عَلَى الْيَتِيمِ مَالَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّحُومُ فَبَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا» وَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ لِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي بَيْعِ الْخَمْرِ
✧ When wine was forbidden, Anas said, "On that day I was serving eleven men. They ordered me, and I overturned it, and the people overturned their vessels with what was in them until the streets almost became impassable from its smell." Anas said, "Their wine at that time was nothing but unripe dates and ripe dates mixed together. A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'I had the property of an orphan, and I bought wine with it. Do you think I may sell it and return the orphan's property to him?' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'May Allah destroy the Jews. Fat was forbidden to them, but they sold it and ate its price.' The Prophet ﷺ did not permit me to sell wine."
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ»
✧ He forbade the sale of habl al-habalah.
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ وَكَانَ بَيْعًا يَتَبَايَعُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَبْتَاعُ الْجَزُورَ إِلَى أَنْ تُنْتَجَ النَّاقَةُ ثُمَّ تُنْتَجُ الَّتِي فِي بَطْنِهَا»
✧ He forbade the sale of habl al-habalah. It was a sale that the people of the pre-Islamic era used to conduct. A man would buy a she-camel to be delivered when the she-camel gives birth, then when the one in her belly gives birth.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of wala' and its gifting.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلَاءِ وَعَنْ هِبَتِهِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of wala' and its gifting.
«الْوَلَاءُ لُحْمَةٌ كَلُحْمَةِ النَّسَبِ لَا يُبَاعُ وَلَا يُوهَبُ»
✧ Wala' is a kin relationship like the kin relationship of lineage. It is not sold nor gifted.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْغَرَرِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of uncertainty (gharar).
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَاءِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of water.
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ فَضْلِ الْمَاءِ لِيُمْنَعَ بِهِ الْكَلَأُ»
✧ He forbade the sale of surplus water, with which pasture is withheld.
«لَا يُمْنَعُ فَضْلُ الْمَاءِ لِيُمْنَعَ بِهِ الْكَلَأُ»
Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not withhold the superfluous water, for that will prevent people from grazing their cattle." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2353)
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُمْنَعَ نَقْعُ الْبِئْرِ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited blocking or preventing the flow of water from a well.
«لَا تَمْنَعُوا فَضْلَ الْمَاءِ وَلَا تَمْنَعُوا الْكَلَأَ فَيَهْزُلَ الْمَالُ وَيَجُوعَ الْعِيَالُ»
✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Do not withhold the blessing of water, and do not withhold charity, for wealth will become worthless and families will go hungry."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4957No grade recorded
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيَاضِ الْأَرْضِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the whiteness of the land.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ تَلَقِّي الْبُيُوعِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade intercepting trade caravans.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4959No grade recorded
نَهَى عَنْ تَلَقِّي السِّلَعِ حَتَّى تَهْبِطَ الْأَسْوَاقُ»
✧ He forbade intercepting goods until they reach the markets.
«لَا يَبِيعَنَّ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَدَعُوا النَّاسَ يَرْزُقُ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ»
✧ A settled person should not sell on behalf of a desert dweller. Leave the people, so that Allah may provide for some of them through others.
نَهَى عَنِ التَّلَقِّي وَأَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ الْمُهَاجِرُ لِلْأَعْرَابِيِّ»
✧ He forbade intercepting and that a settled muhajir sell on behalf of a desert Arab.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4962No grade recorded
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَقَالَ «لَا تَلَقُّوا الْبُيُوعَ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade a settled person from selling on behalf of a desert dweller, and he said: “Do not intercept the goods being brought for sale.”
«لَا يَبِيعَنَّ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ دَعُوا النَّاسَ يَرْزُقُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا»
✧ A settled person should not sell on behalf of a desert dweller. Leave the people, so that some of them may provide for others.
«لَا يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ دَعُوا النَّاسَ يَرْزُقُ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ»
✧ A settled person should not sell on behalf of a desert dweller. Leave the people, that Allah may provide for some of them through others.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4965No grade recorded
«لَا يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ»
"Let one of you not undersell another."[1] (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2171)
«لَا يَبِعْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ»
✧ None of you should sell over the sale of his brother, except with his permission.
أَنَّ يَهُودِيًّا قَدِمَ زَمَنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِثَلَاثِينَ حِمْلِ شَعِيرٍ وَتَمْرٍ فَسَعَّرَ مُدًّا بِمُدِّ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَيْسَ فِي النَّاسِ يَوْمَئِذٍ طَعَامٌ غَيْرُهُ وَكَانَ قَدْ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ جُوعٌ لَا يَجِدُونَ فِيهِ طَعَامًا فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ النَّاسُ يَشْكُونَ إِلَيْهِ غَلَاءَ السِّعْرِ فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «لَا أَلْقَيَنَّ اللَّهَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ أُعْطِيَ أَحَدًا مِنْ مَالِ أَحَدٍ مِنْ غَيْرِ طِيبِ نَفْسٍ إِنَّمَا الْبَيْعُ عَنْ تَرَاضٍ وَلَكِنَّ فِي بُيُوعِكُمْ خِصَالًا أَذْكُرُهَا لَكُمْ لَا تُضَاغِنُوا وَلَا تَنَاجَشُوا وَلَا تَحَاسَدُوا وَلَا يَسُومُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ وَلَا يَبِيعَنَّ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَالْبَيْعُ عَنْ تَرَاضٍ وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ إِخْوَانًا»
✧ A Jew came at the time of the Prophet ﷺ with thirty loads of barley and dates, and set the price of a mudd equal to the Prophet's mudd. There was no food among the people on that day except his, and the people had been struck by hunger before that, such that they could find no food. So the people came to the Prophet ﷺ complaining to him about the high prices. He ascended the pulpit, praised Allah, and extolled Him, then said: “I will never meet Allah having given anyone from another's wealth without his consent. Selling is only by mutual consent, but in your transactions there are traits which I will mention to you: do not bear grudges, do not bid up prices against one another, do not envy one another, a man should not haggle over the price haggled by his brother, a settled person should not sell on behalf of a desert dweller, and selling is only by mutual consent. Be, O servants of Allah, brothers.”
نَهَى عَنِ النَّجْشِ»
✧ He forbade najsh (bidding up the price without intention to buy).
«إِذَا بَاعَ أَحَدُكُمُ اللِّقْحَةَ أَوِ الشَّاةَ فَلَا يُحَفِّلْهَا»
✧ When one of you sells a milch camel or a sheep, he should not withhold its milk in the udder.
«لَا تُصَرُّوا الْإِبِلَ وَالْغَنَمَ فَمَنِ ابْتَاعَهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَحْلُبَهَا إِنْ رَضِيَهَا أَمْسَكَهَا وَإِنْ سَخِطَهَا رَدَّهَا وَصَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ»
✧ Do not tie up the udders of camels and sheep. Whoever buys them after that has the choice between two options after he milks them: if he approves of them, he keeps them, and if he dislikes them, he returns them along with a saa' of dates.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الثُّنَيَّا إِلَّا أَنْ تُعْلَمَ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the exception (thunya) unless it is specified.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْغَرَرِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the sale of gharar (uncertainty/risk).
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4973Hasan sahih
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ»
✧ He prohibited two sales in one sale.
«مَنْ بَاعَ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ فَلَهُ أَوْكَسُهُمَا أَوِ الرِّبَا»
✧ Whoever makes two sales in one sale, he is entitled to the lower of the two or riba.
نَهَى عَنِ الْمُلامَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ
✧ He prohibited mulamasa and munabadha.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4976No grade recorded
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ الْمُلَامَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited two sales: mulamasa and munabadha.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَصَاةِ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the sale of pebbles (hasah).
«مَنِ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا فَلَا يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ»
✧ Whoever buys food should not sell it until he takes full possession of it.
«مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلَا يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ»
✧ Whoever purchases food should not sell it until he takes possession of it.
«مَنِ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا فَلَا يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ»
✧ Whoever buys food should not sell it until he takes possession of it.
«لَا تَبِيعُوا الثَّمَرَ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا وَمَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلَا يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ»
✧ Do not sell fruit until its ripeness appears; and whoever purchases food should not sell it until he takes possession of it.
«كُنَّا نَشْتَرِي الطَّعَامَ مِنَ الرُّكْبَانِ جُزَافًا فَنَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ نَبِيعَهُ حَتَّى نَنْقُلَهُ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ»
"We used to buy food from troops of riders (i.e., the caravans) without knowing the amount, but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade us to sell it until it had been delivered to us." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2229)
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ أَشْتَرِي الْمَتَاعَ فَمَا الَّذِي يَحِلُّ لِي مِنْهَا وَمَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ «يَا بْنَ أَخِي إِذَا ابْتَعْتَ بَيْعًا فَلَا تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ»
✧ I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I am a man who buys merchandise. What is lawful for me from it and what is unlawful for me?' He said, 'O son of my brother, when you purchase something, do not sell it until you take possession of it.'
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4984Hasan sahih
«قَدِمَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الشَّامِ بِزَيْتٍ فَسَاوَمْتُهُ فِيمَنْ سَاوَمَهُ مِنَ التُّجَّارِ حَتَّى ابْتَعْتُهُ مِنْهُ» فَقَامَ إِلَيَّ رَجُلٌ فَأَرْبَحَنِي حَتَّى أَرْضَانِي فَأَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ لِأَضْرِبَ عَلَيْهَا فَأَخَذَ رَجُلٌ بِذِرَاعِي مِنْ خَلْفِي فَالْتَفَتُّ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فَقَالَ لِي «لَا تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَحُوزَهُ إِلَى رَحْلِكَ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَمْسَكْتُ يَدَيَّ»
✧ A man from Syria came with oil, and I bargained with him as other merchants bargained until I bought it from him. Then a man came to me and offered me a profit until he satisfied me. I took his hand to strike it, but a man grabbed my forearm from behind. I turned and it was Zayd b. Thabit. He said to me, 'Do not sell it until you transfer it to your camp, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited that.' So I withheld my hands.
اشْتَرَيْتُ طَعَامًا مِنْ طَعَامِ الصَّدَقَةِ فَأَرْبَحْتُ فِيهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَقْبِضَهُ فَأَرَدْتُ بَيْعَهُ فَسَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ»
✧ I bought food from the food of the charity, and I made a profit on it before taking possession of it. Then I wanted to sell it, so I asked the Prophet ﷺ. He said, "Do not sell it until you take possession of it."
«مَنِ اشْتَرَى طَعَامًا فَلَا يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ» قَالَ وَنَهَى أَنْ يَبِيعَهُ حَتَّى يُحَوِّلَهُ مِنْ مَكَانِهِ أَوْ يَنْقُلَهُ
✧ He said: "Whoever buys food should not sell it until he takes full possession of it." He also forbade selling it until he moves it from its place or transfers it.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4987No grade recorded
«رَأَيْتُ أَصْحَابَ الطَّعَامِ يَضْرِبُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا اشْتَرَوْا طَعَامًا مُجَازَفَةً فَبَاعُوهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْوُوهُ إِلَى رِحَالِهِمْ»
✧ I saw food merchants being beaten at the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when they bought food in bulk and sold it before bringing it to their campsite.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4988No grade recorded
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَطْعَمَ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of fruit until it becomes fit to eat.
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale of fruit until its ripeness appears.
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى تُزْهِيَ قِيلَ وَمَا تُزْهِي؟ قَالَ حَتَّى تَحْمَرَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا مَنَعَ اللَّهُ الثَّمَرَةَ بِمَ يَأْخُذُ أَحَدُكُمْ مَالَ أَخِيهِ؟ »
✧ He forbade the sale of fruits until they become ripe. It was said, "And what is ripeness?" He said, "Until they turn red." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do you not see that if Allah prevents the fruit, for what would one of you take his brother's wealth?"
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا نَهَى الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ»
✧ He forbade the sale of fruits until their ripeness appears; he forbade both the seller and the buyer.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4992No grade recorded
«نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يُشْقِحَ وَالْإِشْقَاحُ أَنْ يَحْمَرَّ أَوْ يَصْفَرَّ أَوْ يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ»
✧ He forbade muhaqala, muzabana, and mukhabara, and the sale of palm trees until they color. Coloring is that they turn red or yellow or some of it is eaten.
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى تَزْهُوَ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَبِّ حَتَّى يَشْتَدَّ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ حَتَّى يَسْوَدَّ»
✧ He forbade the sale of palm trees until they become ripe, the sale of grains until they harden, and the sale of grapes until they turn black.
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ السُّنْبُلِ حَتَّى يَبْيَضَّ وَيَأْمَنَ مِنَ الْعَاهَةِ نَهَى الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ»
✧ He forbade the sale of ears of grain until they whiten and are safe from blight; he forbade both the seller and the buyer.
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ السِّنِينَ»
✧ He forbade the sale of years.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4996No grade recorded
«نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ»
✧ He forbade muzabana and muhaqala.
أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْبَيْضَاءِ بِالسُّلْتِ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الرُّطَبِ بِالتَّمْرِ فَقَالَ «أَلَيْسَ يَنْقُصُ الرُّطَبُ إِذَا جَفَّ؟ » قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَلَا إِذَا»
✧ Narrated by Al-Qa'nabi, from Malik, from Abdullah bin Yazid, the Mawla of Al-Aswad bin Sufyan, from Zaid bin Abi 'Ayyash, from Saad bin Abi Waqqas, that he was asked about selling white animals for silver coins. He replied, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being asked about selling ripe dates for dried dates, and he said, 'Doesn't the dried date decrease in value when it becomes dry?' They replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'Then no.'"
نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ بَيْعُ التَّمْرِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلًا وَبَيْعُ الْكَرْمِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلًا»
✧ He forbade muzabana, and muzabana is selling dates for dates by measure, and selling vines for raisins by measure."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4999No grade recorded
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ ثَمَرِ النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلًا وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ كَيْلًا وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الزَّرْعِ بِالْحِنْطَةِ كَيْلًا»
✧ "He forbade selling the fruit of palm trees for dried dates by measure, selling grapes for raisins by measure, and selling crops for wheat by measure."
«نَهَى عَنِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُعَاوَمَةِ وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا»
✧ "He forbade muzabana, muhaqala, and mu'awama, and he permitted 'araya."
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ لِصَاحِبِ الْعَرِيَّةِ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا بِخَرْصِهَا مِنَ التَّمْرِ»
✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted the owner of an 'ariyya to sell it for its estimated amount of dried dates."
«نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالثَّمَرِ وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرِيَّةِ أَنْ تُبَاعَ بِخَرْصِهَا وَالْعَرِيَّةُ أَنْ يَأْكُلَهَا أَهْلُهَا رُطَبًا»
✧ "He forbade selling fruit for fruit, and he permitted an 'ariyya to be sold for its estimated amount. An 'ariyya is that which its owners eat fresh."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ يَبِسِ التَّمْرِ بِالرُّطَبِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَيَنْقُصُ الرُّطَبُ إِذَا يَبِسَ؟ » قَالَ نَعَمْ فَنَهَاهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ
✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was asked about dry dates for fresh dates. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Does fresh dates decrease when they dry?" He said, "Yes." So he forbade him from that.
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا»
✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted 'araya for their estimated amount."
أَنَّهُ «رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا»
✧ He "permitted the sale of 'araya for their estimated amount."
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَوْ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ»
✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted the sale of 'araya for less than five wasqs or five wasqs."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَوْ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ»
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted Al-'Araya in cases less than five Wasq. Or similar. (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1301)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ أَذِنَ لِلْعَرَايَا أَنْ يَبِيعُوهَا بِخَرْصِهَا يَقُولُ «الْوَسْقُ وَالْوَسْقَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثَةُ وَالْأَرْبَعَةُ»
✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he permitted 'araya to be sold for their estimated amount, saying, "A wasq, two wasqs, three, and four."
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ فِي غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ»
✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted the sale of 'araya and did not permit anything other than that."
«كُنْتُ قَيْنًا بِمَكَّةَ فَعَمِلْتُ لِلْعَاصِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ سَيْفًا فَجِئْتُ أَتَقَاضَاهُ» فَقَالَ «لَا أُعْطِيكَ حَتَّى تَكْفُرَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ» فَقُلْتُ «لَا أَكْفُرُ بِمُحَمَّدٍ حَتَّى يُمِيتَكَ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ يُحْيِيَكَ» قَالَ «إِذَا أَمَاتَنِي اللَّهُ ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُنِي وَلِي مَالٌ وَوَلَدٌ أَعْطَيْتُكَ» فَقُلْتُ «ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {أَفَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي كَفَرَ بِآيَاتِنَا وَقَالَ لَأُوتَيَنَّ مَالًا وَوَلَدًا} » الْآيَةَ
✧ "I was a blacksmith in Makkah and I made a sword for al-'As b. Wa'il. I came to demand payment from him." He said, "I will not give you until you disbelieve in Muhammad." I said, "I will not disbelieve in Muhammad until Allah causes you to die and then brings you back to life." He said, "When Allah causes me to die and then resurrects me, and I have wealth and children, I will give you." I said, "That is for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." So Allah revealed: {Have you seen the one who disbelieved in Our verses and said, 'I will surely be given wealth and children'} until the end of the verse.
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ حَرَّمَا بَيْعَ الْخَنَازِيرِ وَبَيْعَ الْمَيْتَةِ وَبَيْعَ الْأَصْنَامِ» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَرَى فِي شَحْمِ الْمَيْتَةِ فَإِنَّا نَدْهِنُ بِهِ الْجُلُودَ وَالسُّفُنَ وَنَسْتَصْبِحُ بِهِ فَقَالَ «قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ شُحُومَهَا فَجَمَلُوهَا ثُمَّ بَاعُوهَا وَأَكَلُوا أَثْمَانَهَا»
✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say on the day of the conquest of Makkah: "Indeed Allah and His Messenger have forbidden the sale of pigs, the sale of carrion, and the sale of idols." A man said: "O Messenger of Allah, what do you think about the fat of carrion, for we grease leather and ships with it, and we use it for lamps?" He said: "May Allah fight the Jews. Indeed Allah forbade them its fats, so they melted them down, then sold them and consumed their price."
«الدِّينَارُ بِالدِّينَارِ وَالدِّرْهَمُ بِالدِّرْهَمِ لَا فَضْلَ بَيْنَهُمَا»
✧ “The dinar for the dinar, and the dirham for the dirham, with no excess between them.”
أَنَّهُ الْتَمَسَ صَرْفًا بِمِئَةِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ فَدَعَانِي طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ فَتَرَاوَضْنَا حَتَّى اصْطَرَفَ مِنِّي وَأَخَذَ الذَّهَبَ يُقَلِّبُهَا فِي يَدِهِ وَقَالَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ خَازِنِي مِنَ الْغَابَةِ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ يَسْمَعُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَاللَّهِ لَا تُفَارِقُهُ حَتَّى تَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ عُمَرُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الذَّهَبُ بِالْوَرِقِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاءً وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاءً وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاءً وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاءً»
✧ That he sought an exchange for one hundred dinars. He said: Talhah b. ‘Ubayd Allah called me, and we bargained until he exchanged with me and took the gold, turning it over in his hand, and said: Until my treasurer comes from al-Ghabah. ‘Umar b. al-Khattab was listening, so ‘Umar said: By Allah, you will not part with him until you take from him. Then ‘Umar said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Gold for silver is riba unless it is hand to hand; wheat for wheat is riba unless it is hand to hand; dates for dates is riba unless it is hand to hand; barley for barley is riba unless it is hand to hand.”
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَبْتَاعَ الْفِضَّةَ بِالْفِضَّةِ وَالذَّهَبَ بِالذَّهَبِ إِلَّا سَوَاءً بِسَوَاءٍ وَأَمَرَ أَنْ يَبْتَاعَ الْفِضَّةَ بِالذَّهَبِ كَيْفَ شَاءَ وَالذَّهَبَ بِالْفِضَّةِ كَيْفَ شَاءَ»
✧ “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade buying silver for silver and gold for gold except equal for equal, and he commanded buying silver for gold however one wishes and gold for silver however one wishes.”
Sahih Ibn Hibban 5015No grade recorded
كَانَ أُنَاسٌ يَتَبَايَعُونَ آنِيَةَ فِضَّةٍ فِي مَغْنَمٍ إِلَى الْعَطَاءِ فَقَالَ عُبَادَةُ «نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الذَّهَبِ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ بِالْفِضَّةِ وَالْبُرِّ بِالْبُرِّ وَالشَّعِيرِ بِالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ بِالتَّمْرِ وَالْمِلْحِ بِالْمِلْحِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ يَدًا بِيَدٍ فَمَنْ زَادَ أَوِ اسْتَزَادَ فَقَدْ أَرْبَى»
✧ Some people used to sell silver vessels from war spoils for payment to be given at the time of the stipend. ‘Ubadah said: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling gold for gold, silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates, and salt for salt, except like for like, hand to hand. Whoever gives more or asks for more has committed riba.”
«لَا تَبِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالذَّهَبِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَلَا تُشِفُّوا بَعْضَهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَلَا تَبِيعُوا الْوَرِقَ بِالْوَرِقِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَلَا تُشِفُّوا بَعْضَهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَلَا تَبِيعُوا شَيْئًا مِنْهَا غَائِبًا بِنَاجِزٍ»
✧ “Do not sell gold for gold except like for like, and do not give some of it in excess over other. And do not sell silver for silver except like for like, and do not give some of it in excess over other. And do not sell anything of them that is absent for something present.”
أَنَّ رَجُلًا حَدَّثَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ أَنَّ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ يُحَدِّثُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ نَافِعٌ فَانْطَلَقَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ وَأَنَا مَعَهُمْ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ لِأَبِي سَعِيدٍ أَرَأَيْتَ حَدِيثًا حَدَّثَنِيهِ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ أَنَّكَ تُحَدِّثُهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَسَمِعْتَهُ؟ قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ وَمَا هُوَ؟ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ بَيْعُ الذَّهَبِ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ بِالْوَرِقِ فَأَشَارَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ بِأُصْبُعِهِ إِلَى عَيْنَيْهِ وَإِلَى أُذُنَيْهِ فَقَالَ بَصُرَ عَيْنِي وَسَمِعَ أُذُنِيَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَا تَبِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالذَّهَبِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَلَا تُشِفُّوا بَعْضَهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَلَا تَبِيعُوا الْوَرِقَ بِالْوَرِقِ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَلَا تُشِفُّوا بَعْضَهَا عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَلَا تَبِيعُوا مِنْهَا شَيْئًا غَائِبًا بِنَاجِزٍ»
✧ That a man told Ibn ‘Umar that Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri narrated this hadith from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Nafi‘ said: Ibn ‘Umar, that man, and I set out until we entered upon Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri. Ibn ‘Umar said to Abu Sa‘id: What do you think of a hadith this man told me that you narrate from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? Did you hear it? Abu Sa‘id said: What is it? Ibn ‘Umar said: Selling gold for gold and silver for silver. Abu Sa‘id pointed with his finger to his eyes and his ears and said: My eyes saw and my ears heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “Do not sell gold for gold except like for like, and do not give some of it in excess over other. And do not sell silver for silver except like for like, and do not give some of it in excess over other. And do not sell anything of them that is absent for something present.”
«الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ يَدًا بِيَدٍ فَإِذَا اخْتَلَفَتْ هَذِهِ الْأَصْنَافُ فَبِيعُوا كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ إِذَا كَانَ يَدًا بِيَدٍ»
✧ “Gold for gold, silver for silver, wheat for wheat, and barley for barley are like for like, hand to hand. But when these kinds differ, then sell however you wish, as long as it is hand to hand.”
انْطَلَقْتُ بِمِئَةِ دِينَارٍ فَلَقِيتُ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بِظِلِّ جِدَارٍ فَاسْتَامَهَا مِنِّي إِلَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ خَادِمُهُ مِنَ الْغَابَةِ فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ فَسَأَلَ طَلْحَةَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ دَنَانِيرُ أَرَدْتُهَا إِلَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَ خَادِمِي مِنَ الْغَابَةِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا تُفَارِقْهُ لَا تُفَارِقْهُ حَتَّى تُنْقِدَهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الذَّهَبُ بِالْوَرِقِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاتِ وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاتِ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاتِ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ رِبًا إِلَّا هَاءً وَهَاتِ»
✧ I set out with one hundred dinars and met Talhah b. ‘Ubayd Allah in the shade of a wall. He bargained with me for them until his servant came from al-Ghabah. ‘Umar heard that, so he asked Talhah about it. He said: Dinars I wanted to buy until my servant comes from al-Ghabah. ‘Umar said: Do not part with him, do not part with him until you pay him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Gold for silver is riba unless it is hand to hand; wheat for wheat is riba unless it is hand to hand; barley for barley is riba unless it is hand to hand; dates for dates is riba unless it is hand to hand.”
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أُتِيَ بِتَمْرٍ رَيَّانَ وَكَانَ تَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْلًا فِيهِ يُبْسٌ فَقَالَ «أَنَّى لَكُمْ هَذَا؟ » قَالُوا ابْتَعْنَاهُ صَاعًا بِصَاعَيْنِ مِنْ تَمْرِنَا قَالَ «فَلَا تَفْعَلْ إِنَّ هَذَا لَا يَصْلُحُ وَلَكِنْ بِعْ تَمْرَكَ ثُمَّ اشْتَرِ مِنْ هَذَا حَاجَتَكَ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought fresh ripe dates, while the dates of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were of the ba‘l kind that had dryness in them. He said: “Where did you get this?” They said: We bought it for a sa‘ of our dates for two sa‘s. He said: “Do not do that. This is not permissible. But sell your dates, then buy from this what you need.”
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلًا عَلَى خَيْبَرَ فَجَاءَهُ بِتَمْرٍ جَنِيبٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَكَلَ تَمْرَكَ هَكَذَا» قَالَ لَا وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا لَنَأْخُذُ الصَّاعَ مِنْ هَذَا بِالصَّاعَيْنِ وَالصَّاعَيْنِ بِالثَّلَاثِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَلَا تَفْعَلْ بِعِ الْجَمْعَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ ثُمَّ ابْتَعْ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ جَنِيبًا»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed a man over Khaybar, and he came to him with dates of excellent quality. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Are all your dates like this?” He said: No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah. We take one sa‘ of this for two sa‘s, and two sa‘s for three. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Do not do that. Sell the mixed dates for dirhams, then buy excellent dates with the dirhams.”
Sahih Ibn Hibban 5022No grade recorded
أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِتَمْرٍ بَرْنِيٍّ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا؟ قَالَ اشْتَرَيْتُهُ صَاعًا بِصَاعَيْنِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَوَّهْ عَيْنُ الرِّبَا لَا تَفْعَلْ»
✧ A man brought the Messenger of Allah ﷺ some barni dates, and he said: What is this? He said: I bought it for a sa‘ for two sa‘s. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Oh! That is the essence of riba. Do not do it.”
جَاءَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ هَلْ تَتَّهِمُ أُسَامَةَ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ لَا قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ
✧ Ibn ʿAbbās came to Ibn ʿUmar and greeted him. He said, “Do you accuse Usāmah?” He said, “Ibn ʿUmar said: No.” He said, “Then indeed he...”
كُنَّا نَبِيعُ تَمْرَ الْجَمْعِ صَاعَيْنِ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرِ الْجَنِيبِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا صَاعَيْ تَمْرٍ بِصَاعِ تَمْرٍ وَلَا صَاعَيْ حِنْطَةٍ بِصَاعِ حِنْطَةٍ وَلَا دِرْهَمَيْنِ بِدِرْهَمٍ»
✧ We used to sell jamʿ dates, two ṣāʿs for one ṣāʿ of janīb dates. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “No two ṣāʿs of dates for one ṣāʿ of dates, nor two ṣāʿs of wheat for one ṣāʿ of wheat, nor two dirhams for one dirham.”
«لَا تَحِلُّ صَفْقَتَانِ فِي صَفْقَةٍ
✧ “Two transactions in one transaction are not lawful.”
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الصَّبْرِ مِنَ التَّمْرِ لَا يُعْلَمُ مَكِيلَتُهَا بِالْكَيْلِ الْمُسَمَّى مِنَ التَّمْرِ»
✧ “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling an unmeasured heap of dates whose measure is unknown for a specified measure of dates.”
جَاءَ عَبْدٌ فَبَايَعَ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ وَلَمْ يَشْعُرْ أَنَّهُ عَبْدٌ فَجَاءَ سَيِّدُهُ يُرِيدُهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «بِعْنِيهِ» فَاشْتَرَاهُ بِعَبْدَيْنِ أَسْوَدَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يُبَايعْ أَحَدًا حَتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ أَعْبُدٌ هُوَ؟
✧ A slave came and pledged allegiance to the Prophet of Allah ﷺ for emigration, and he did not realize that he was a slave. His master came wanting him, so the Prophet ﷺ said, “Sell him to me.” He bought him for two black slaves. Then he did not accept allegiance from anyone until he asked him, “Are you a slave?”
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَيَوَانِ بِالْحَيَوَانِ نَسِيئَةً»
✧ “He forbade selling an animal for an animal on credit.”
أَنَّهُ أَرْسَلَ غُلَامًا لَهُ بِصَاعِ شَعِيرٍ فَقَالَ بِعْهُ ثُمَّ اشْتَرِ بِهِ شَعِيرًا فَذَهَبَ الْغُلَامُ وَأَخَذَ صَاعًا وَزِيَادَةَ بَعْضِ صَاعٍ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ مَعْمَرٌ أَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَعْمَرٌ لِمَ فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ انْطَلَقَ فَرُدَّهُ وَلَا تَأْخُذْ إِلَّا مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ فَإِنِّي كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الطَّعَامُ بِالطَّعَامِ مِثْلًا بِمِثْلٍ وَكَانَ طَعَامُنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ الشَّعِيرَ»
✧ That he sent a servant of his with a sa‘ of barley and said: Sell it, then buy barley with it. The servant went and took a sa‘ and an increase of part of a sa‘. When he came, Ma‘mar was informed of that, and Ma‘mar said to him: Why did you do that? Go and return it, and take only like for like, for I used to hear the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “Food for food, like for like.” And our food in those days was barley.
«مَنْ أَقَالَ مُسْلِمًا عَثْرَتَهُ أَقَالَهُ اللَّهُ عَثْرَتَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»
✧ “Whoever releases a Muslim from his stumble, Allah will release his stumble on the Day of Resurrection.”
«مَنْ أَقَالَ نَادِمًا بَيْعَتَهُ أَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَثْرَتَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»
✧ “Whoever releases a remorseful person from his sale, Allah will release his stumble on the Day of Resurrection.”
Sahih Ibn Hibban 5032No grade recorded
دَخَلَتِ امْرَأَةٌ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي إِنِّي ابْتَعْتُ أَنَا وَابْنِي مِنْ فُلَانٍ ثَمَرَ مَالِهِ فَأَحْصَيْنَاهُ لَا وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَكَ بِمَا أَكْرَمَكَ بِهِ مَا أَحْصَيْنَا مِنْهُ شَيْئًا إِلَّا شَيْئًا نَأْكُلُهُ فِي بُطُونِنَا أَوْ نُطْعِمُ مِسْكِينًا رَجَاءَ الْبَرَكَةِ وَجِئْنَا نَسْتَوْضِعُهُ مَا نَقَصْنَا فَحَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ لَا يَضَعُ لَنَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ «تَأَلَّى لَا يَصْنَعُ خَيْرًا» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَتْ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ صَاحِبَ الثَّمَرِ فَقَالَ بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي إِنْ شِئْتَ وَضَعْتُ مَا نَقَصُوا وَإِنْ شِئْتَ مِنْ رَأْسِ الْمَالِ فَوَضَعَ مَا نَقَصُوا
✧ A woman entered upon the Prophet ﷺ and said, "By my father and mother, I and my son bought something from so-and-so and we weighed it. By the One who honored you with what He honored you with, we did not take anything from it except what we ate in our stomachs or fed to a needy person, hoping for blessings. And we have been setting aside what we owe from it until we receive the complete amount." Then the Prophet ﷺ took an oath by Allah three times, saying, "He who does not act with righteousness will not be successful." The news reached the owner of the merchandise, and he said, "By my father and mother, if you wish, I will return what you are owed, and if you wish, I will donate from the capital."
أُصِيبَ رَجُلٌ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي ثِمَارٍ ابْتَاعَهَا فَكَثُرَ دَيْنُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «تَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ» فَتُصُدِّقَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ ذَلِكَ وَفَاءَ دَيْنِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «خُذُوا مَا وَجَدْتُمْ وَلَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ»
✧ A man suffered in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding fruits he had bought, and his debt grew large. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Give charity to him.” So charity was given to him, but it did not reach the amount to cover his debt. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Take what you find, and you have nothing but that.”
«إِنْ بِعْتَ مِنْ أَخِيكَ ثَمَرًا فَأَصَابَتْهُ جَائِحَةٌ فَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا بِمَ تَأْخُذُ مِنْ مَالِ أَخِيكَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ؟ »
✧ “If you sell fruit to your brother and a blight strikes it, it is not lawful for you to take anything from him. Why would you take your brother’s wealth without right?”
«إِنْ بِعْتَ مِنْ أَخِيكَ ثَمَرًا فَأَصَابَتْهُ جَائِحَةٌ فَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا بِمَ تَأْخُذُ مَالَ أَخِيكَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ؟ »
✧ “If you sell fruit to your brother and a blight strikes it, it is not lawful for you to take anything from him. Why would you take your brother’s wealth without right?”
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِوَضْعِ الْجَوَائِحِ»
✧ “The Prophet ﷺ ordered that blights be waived.”
Sahih Ibn Hibban 5037No grade recorded
«إِذَا ابْتَاعَ الرَّجُلُ سِلْعَةً ثُمَّ فَلَّسَ وَهِيَ عِنْدَهُ بِعَيْنِهَا فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا مِنَ الْغُرَمَاءِ»
✧ When a man buys a commodity and then goes bankrupt while it is still with him in its original form, he has more right to it than the creditors.
«إِذَا أَفْلَسَ الرَّجُلُ فَوَجَدَ الْبَائِعُ سِلْعَتَهُ بِعَيْنِهَا فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهَا دُونَ الْغُرَمَاءِ»
✧ When a man goes bankrupt and the seller finds his goods themselves, he has more right to them than the creditors.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 5039Hasan sahih
إِذَا أُعْدِمَ الرَّجُلُ فَوَجَدَ الْبَائِعُ مَتَاعَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ
✧ When a man becomes insolvent and the seller finds his goods themselves, he has more right to them.
أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ أَفْلَسَ فَأَدْرَكَ رَجُلٌ مَالَهُ بِعَيْنِهِ فَهُوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: If anyone becomes insolvent and the man (i.e. creditor) finds his very property with him, he is more entitled to it than anyone else. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3519)
كَانَتْ مَيْمُونَةُ تَدَّانُ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَهْلُهَا فِي ذَلِكَ وَوَجَدُوا عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ لَا أَتْرُكُ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَدَّانُ دَيْنًا يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ قَضَاءَهُ إِلَّا أَدَّاهُ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا»
✧ Maymunah used to incur debt. Her family spoke to her about that and were upset with her, but she said, 'I will not stop, for I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "There is no one who incurs a debt, knowing that Allah knows he intends to repay it, except that Allah will repay it on his behalf in this world."'
«كَانَ رَجُلٌ تَاجِرٌ يُدَايِنُ النَّاسَ فَإِذَا رَأَى إِعْسَارَ الْمُعْسِرِ» قَالَ لِفَتَاهُ تَجَاوَزْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يَتَجَاوَزُ عَنَّا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَلَقِيَ اللَّهَ فَتَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ»
✧ “There was a merchant who used to lend to people, and when he saw the insolvency of an insolvent person,” he would say to his servant, “Overlook it, perhaps Allah will overlook us.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “So he met Allah, and He overlooked him.”
Sahih Ibn Hibban 5043Hasan sahih
«إِنَّ رَجُلًا لَمْ يَعْمَلْ خَيْرًا قَطُّ وَكَانَ يُدَاينُ النَّاسُ» فَيَقُولُ لِرَسُولِهِ خُذْ مَا تَيَسَّرَ وَاتْرُكْ مَا تَعَسَّرَ وَتَجَاوَزْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يَتَجَاوَزُ عَنَّا قَالَ فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ قَالَ اللَّهُ هَلْ عَمِلْتَ خَيْرًا قَطُّ؟ قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ لِي غُلَامٌ وَكُنْتُ أُدَاينُ النَّاسَ فَإِذَا بَعَثْتُهُ لِيَتَقَاضَى قُلْتُ لَهُ خُذْ مَا تَيَسَّرَ وَاتْرُكْ مَا تَعَسَّرَ وَتَجَاوَزْ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يَتَجَاوَزُ عَنَّا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قَدْ قَالَ تَجَاوَزْتُ عَنْكَ
✧ “A man never did any good deed at all, yet he used to lend people money.” He would say to his messenger, “Take what is easy and leave what is difficult, and overlook it, perhaps Allah will overlook us.” He said, “When he died, Allah said, ‘Did you ever do any good?’ He replied, ‘No, except that I had a servant and I used to lend people money. When I sent him to collect, I would say to him, “Take what is easy and leave what is difficult, and overlook it, perhaps Allah will overlook us.”’ Allah, the Most High, said, ‘He has said, “I have overlooked you.”’”
خَرَجْتُ أَنَا وَأَبِي نَطْلُبُ الْعِلْمَ فِي هَذَا الْحَيِّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَهْلِكُوا فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ لَقِيَنَا أَبُو الْيَسَرِ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ غُلَامٌ لَهُ وَعَلَى أَبِي الْيَسَرِ بُرْدَةٌ وَمَعَافِرِيٌّ وَعَلَى غُلَامِهِ بُرْدَةٌ وَمَعَافِرِيٌّ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي إِنِّي أَرَى فِي وَجْهِكَ شَيْئًا مِنْ غَضَبٍ قَالَ أَجَلْ كَانَ لِي عَلَى فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ الْحَرَامِيِّ مَالٌ فَأَتَيْتُ أَهْلَهُ فَقُلْتُ أَثَمَّتْ؟ قَالُوا لَا فَخَرَجَ عَلَيَّ ابْنٌ لَهُ فَقُلْتُ أَيْنَ أَبُوكَ؟ فَقَالَ سَمِعَ صَوْتَكَ فَدَخَلَ فَقُلْتُ اخْرُجْ إِلَيَّ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيَّ فَقُلْتُ مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنِ اخْتَبَأْتَ؟ قَالَ أَنَا وَاللَّهِ أُحَدِّثُكَ ثُمَّ لَا أَكْذِبُكَ خَشِيتُ وَاللَّهِ أَنْ أُحَدِّثَكَ فَأَكْذِبَكَ وَأَعِدَكَ فَأُخْلِفَكَ وَكُنْتَ صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكُنْتُ وَاللَّهِ مُعْسِرًا قَالَ قُلْتُ آللَّهِ؟ قَالَ اللَّهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ آللَّهِ؟ قَالَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ بِصَحِيفَتِهِ فَمَحَاهَا وَقَالَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَ قَضَاءً فَاقْضِ وَإِلَّا فَأَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ فَأَشْهَدُ بَصُرَ عَيْنَايَ هَاتَانِ وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي وَأَشَارَ إِلَى نِيَاطِ قَلْبِهِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا أَوْ وَضَعَ لَهُ أَظَلَّهُ اللَّهُ فِي ظِلِّهِ»
✧ I and my father went out seeking knowledge among this tribe of the Ansar before they perished. The first person we met was Abu al-Yasar, the Companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and with him was a servant of his. On Abu al-Yasar was a burdah and a Ma'afiri garment, and on his servant was a burdah and a Ma'afiri garment. My father said to him, 'I see in your face something of anger.' He said, 'Yes, I had money owed to me by so-and-so son of so-and-so al-Harami. I came to his family and said, "Is he there?" They said, "No." Then a son of his came out to me, and I said, "Where is your father?" He said, "He heard your voice and went inside." I said, "Come out to me, for I know where you are." So he came out to me, and I said, "What made you hide?" He said, "By Allah, I will tell you and then not lie to you. I feared, by Allah, that if I spoke to you I would lie to you, and if I promised you I would break my promise. You are a Companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I was, by Allah, insolvent." I said, "By Allah?" He said, "By Allah." I said, "By Allah?" He said, "By Allah." Then he took his document and erased it, and said, "If you find a way to pay, then pay; otherwise, you are released." I bear witness—my two eyes saw this and my heart understood it, and he pointed to the aorta of his heart—I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever grants respite to an insolvent person or remits for him, Allah will shade him in His shade."
«مَنْ يَسَّرَ عَلَى مُعْسِرٍ يَسَّرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ»
Whoever is easy with (a debtor) who is in difficulty, Allah will be easy with him in this world and in the Hereafter.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2417)
«كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُدَايِنُ النَّاسَ فَإِذَا أَعْسَرَ الْمُعْسِرُ قَالَ لِفَتَاهُ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يَتَجَاوَزُ عَنَّا فَلَقِيَ اللَّهَ فَتَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ»
✧ “There was a man who used to lend people money, and when an insolvent person became insolvent, he would say to his servant, ‘Overlook it, perhaps Allah will overlook us.’ So he met Allah, and He overlooked him.”
«حُوسِبَ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ رَجُلًا مُوسِرًا فَكَانَ يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ فَيَقُولُ لِغُلَامِهِ تَجَاوَزْ عَنِ الْمُعْسِرِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا لِمَلَائِكَتِهِ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِذَلِكَ تَجَاوَزُوا عَنْهُ»
✧ “A man from those before you was called to account, and no good deed was found for him except that he was a wealthy man who used to mix with people, and he would say to his servant, ‘Overlook the insolvent.’ So Allah, glorified and exalted, said to His angels, ‘We are more entitled to that; overlook him.’”
أَنَّهُ تَقَاضَى ابْنَ أَبِي حَدْرَدٍ دَيْنًا كَانَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَارْتَفَعَتْ أَصْوَاتُهُمَا حَتَّى سَمِعَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى كَشَفَ سِجْفَ حُجْرَتِهِ وَنَادَى كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ «يَا كَعْبُ بْنَ مَالِكٍ» قَالَ لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ أَنْ ضَعِ الشَّطْرَ مِنْ دَيْنِكَ قَالَ كَعْبٌ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «قُمْ فَاقْضِهِ»
✧ He demanded from Ibn Abi Hadrad a debt that he owed him during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the mosque. Their voices rose until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard them while he was in his house. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out to them, lifted the curtain of his chamber, and called out, 'O Ka'b b. Malik!' He said, 'At your service, O Messenger of Allah.' He gestured with his hand, meaning, 'Remit half of your debt.' Ka'b said, 'I have done so, O Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'Arise and settle it.'
أَنَّ الْأَسْوَدَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ كَانَ يَسْتَقْرِضُ مِنْ تَاجِرٍ فَإِذَا خَرَجَ عَطَاؤُهُ قَضَاهُ فَقَالَ الْأَسْوَدُ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَخَّرْتُ عَنْكَ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْنَا حُقُوقٌ فِي هَذَا الْعَطَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُ التَّاجِرُ لَسْتَ فَاعِلًا فَنَقَدَهُ الْأَسْوَدُ خَمْسَ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ حَتَّى إِذَا قَبَضَهَا قَالَ لَهُ التَّاجِرُ دُونَكَهَا فَخُذْ بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ الْأَسْوَدُ قَدْ سَأَلْتُكَ هَذَا فَأَبَيْتَ فَقَالَ لَهُ التَّاجِرُ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُكَ تُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ «مَنْ أَقْرَضَ اللَّهَ مَرَّتَيْنِ كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ أَحَدِهِمَا لَوْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ»
✧ Al-Aswad b. Yazid used to borrow from a merchant, and when his stipend came out he would pay him back. Al-Aswad said, 'If you wish I will delay it on your behalf, for we have claims in this stipend.' The merchant said to him, 'You will not do that.' Then al-Aswad gave him five hundred dirhams in cash. When he received it, the merchant said to him, 'Here it is, take it.' Al-Aswad said to him, 'I asked you for this and you refused.' The merchant said, 'I heard you narrate to us from Abd Allah b. Mas'ud that the Prophet of Allah ﷺ used to say, "Whoever lends to Allah twice, he will have the like of the reward of one of them had he given it as charity."'