42. Inheritance
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8015No grade recorded
عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
✧ Al-Dhahabi remained silent about it in al-Talkhis.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8016No grade recorded
اخْتَصَمُوا إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فِي وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ فَجَاءَ عَصَبَةُ أَبِيهِ يَطْلُبُونَ مِيرَاثَهُ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ أَبَاهُ قَدْ كَانَ تَبَرَّأَ مِنْهُ» فَأَعْطَى أُمَّهُ الْمِيرَاثَ وَجَعَلَهَا عَصَبَةً وَلَمْ يُعْطِهِمْ شَيْئًا
✧ They brought a dispute to Ali concerning the child of a woman divorced by li'an. The paternal relatives of his father came seeking his inheritance. He said: 'His father had disowned him,' so he gave the inheritance to his mother and made her the sole heir, and he gave them nothing.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8017No grade recorded
أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَى أُمِّي بِصَدَقَةٍ فَمَاتَتْ فَرَجَعَتِ الصَّدَقَةُ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «وَجَبَ أَجْرُكِ وَرَجَعَ إِلَيْكِ صَدَقَتُكِ» رَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ
✧ A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'I gave charity to my mother, then she died and the charity returned to me.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Your reward is assured, and your charity has returned to you.' It was narrated by Sufyan al-Thawri and others from Abdullah b. Ata from Ibn Buraydah from his father.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8018Sahih
أَتَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ أُمِّي تُوُفِّيَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرَيْنِ فَقَالَ «صَوْمِي عَنْهَا» فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ عَلَيْهَا حَجَّةً قَالَ «فَحُجِّي عَنْهَا» قَالَتْ فَإِنِّي تَصَدَّقْتُ عَلَيْهَا بِجَارِيَةٍ فَقَالَ «قَدْ آجَرَكِ اللَّهُ وَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْكِ الْمِيرَاثُ»
✧ A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'My mother has died and she owed fasting for two months.' He said: 'Fast on her behalf.' She said: 'She owed a Hajj.' He said: 'Perform Hajj on her behalf.' She said: 'I had given her a slave girl as charity.' He said: 'Allah has rewarded you, and the inheritance has returned her to you.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8019Sahih
أَنَّهُ «تَصَدَّقَ عَلَى أَبَوَيْهِ ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَا فَرَدَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِ مِيرَاثًا»
✧ That he gave charity to his parents, then they died, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned it to him as inheritance.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8020No grade recorded
أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ جَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ حَائِطِي هَذَا صَدَقَةٌ وَهُوَ لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ فَجَاءَ أَبَوَاهُ فَقَالَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَانَ قِوَامُ عَيْشِنَا «فَرَدَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَيْهِمَا ثُمَّ مَاتَا فَوَرِثَهُ ابْنُهُمَا بَعْدَهُمَا»
✧ That ‘Abd Allah b. Zayd b. ‘Abd Rabbihi came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this walled garden of mine is a charity, and it is for Allah and His Messenger.' Then his parents came and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, it was our means of livelihood.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned it to them, then they died, and their son inherited it after them.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8021No grade recorded
أَنَّهُ تَصَدَّقَ بِحَائِطٍ لَهُ فَأَتَى أَبَوَاهُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ قِيَمَ وُجُوهِنَا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَنَا شَيْءٌ غَيْرَهُ فَدَعَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَدْ قَبِلَ صَدَقَتَكَ وَرَدَّهَا عَلَى أَبَوَيْكَ» قَالَ بَشِيرٌ «فَتَوَارَثْنَاهَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ» وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ وَإِنْ كَانَ إِسْنَادُهُ صَحِيحًا عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ فَإِنِّي لَا أَرَى بَشِيرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ سَمِعَ مِنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ زَيْدٍ وَإِنَّمَا تَرَكَ الشَّيْخَانِ حَدِيثَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ فِي الْأَذَانِ وَالرُّؤْيَا الَّتِي قَصَّهَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ لِتَقَدُّمِ مَوْتِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ فَقَدْ قِيلَ إِنَّهُ اسْتُشْهِدَ بِأُحُدٍ وَقِيلَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِيَسِيرٍ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ
✧ That he gave charity with a walled garden of his. His parents came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, it was the support of our livelihood, and we had nothing besides it.' He called ‘Abd Allah and said: 'Allah, Exalted is He, has accepted your charity and returned it to your parents.' Bashir said: 'So we inherited it after that.' This hadith, although its chain is authentic according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs, I do not think that Bashir b. Muhammad al-Ansari heard from his grandfather ‘Abd Allah b. Zayd. The two Shaykhs abandoned the hadith of ‘Abd Allah b. Zayd about the call to prayer and the dream that he related to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with this chain due to the early death of ‘Abd Allah b. Zayd. It is said that he was martyred at Uhud, and it is also said a little after that. And Allah knows best.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8022No grade recorded
«إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الصَّبِيُّ وَرِثَ وَصُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ»
✧ When a newborn cries out, it is entitled to inheritance and the funeral prayer is offered over it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8023Sahih
«إِذَا اسْتَهَلَّ الصَّبِيُّ وَرِثَ وَصُلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ»
✧ When a newborn cries out, it is entitled to inheritance and the funeral prayer is offered over it.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7948Weak
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَعَلِّمُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ نِصْفُ الْعِلْمِ وَإِنَّهُ يُنْسَى وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَا يُنْزَعُ مِنْ أُمَّتِي» حفص بن عمر واه بمرة
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “O Abu Hurayrah, learn the laws of inheritance and teach it, for it is half of knowledge, and it will be forgotten, and it is the first thing to be taken away from my Ummah.” Hafs ibn Umar is extremely unreliable.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7949Weak
الْعِلْمُ ثَلَاثَةٌ فَمَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ فَضْلٌ آيَةٌ مُحْكَمَةٌ أَوْ سُنَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ أَوْ فَرِيضَةٌ عَادِلَةٌ
✧ Knowledge is three things; anything beyond that is superfluous: a decisive verse, an established Sunnah, or a just obligatory share.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7950Sahih
«تَعَلَّمُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَعَلِّمُوهُ النَّاسَ وَتَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَعَلِّمُوهُ النَّاسَ فَإِنِّي امْرُؤٌ مَقْبُوضٌ وَإِنَّ الْعِلْمَ سَيُقْبَضُ وَتَظْهَرُ الْفِتَنُ حَتَّى يَخْتَلِفَ الِاثْنَانِ فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ لَا يَجِدَانِ مِنْ يَقْضِي بِهَا»
✧ “Learn the Qur’an and teach it to the people, and learn the laws of inheritance and teach them to the people, for I am a man who will be taken, and knowledge will be taken away, and trials will appear until two people will dispute over an inheritance share and will not find anyone to judge between them.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7951No grade recorded
«تَعَلَّمُوا الْفَرَائِضَ وَعَلِّمُوهُ النَّاسَ فَإِنِّي امْرُؤٌ مَقْبُوضٌ وَإِنَّ الْعِلْمَ سَيُقْبَضُ حَتَّى يَخْتَلِفَ الِاثْنَانِ فِي الْفَرِيضَةِ فَلَا يَجِدَانِ أَحَدًا يَفْصِلُ بَيْنَهُمَا»
✧ “Learn the laws of inheritance and teach them to the people, for I am a man who will be taken, and knowledge will be taken away until two people will dispute over an inheritance share and will not find anyone to settle the matter between them.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7952Sahih
كَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيِّ «إِذَا لَهَوْتُمْ فَالْهَوْا بِالرِّمْيِ وَإِذَا تَحَدَّثْتُمْ فَتَحَدَّثُوا بِالْفَرَائِضِ»
✧ ‘Umar b. al-Khattab wrote to Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari, “When you engage in pastime, let it be archery; and when you converse, converse about the inheritance shares.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7953Sahih
مَنْ قَرَأَ مِنْكُمُ الْقُرْآنَ فَلْيَتَعَلَّمِ الْفَرَائِضَ فَإِنْ لَقِيَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ قَالَ يَا مُهَاجِرُ أَتَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ؟ فَيَقُولُ نَعَمْ فَيَقُولُ وَأَنَا أَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَقُولُ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ أَتَفْرِضُ يَا مُهَاجِرُ؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ زِيَادَةُ خَيْرٍ وَإِنْ قَالَ لَا حَسِبْتُهُ قَالَ فَمَا فَضَّلَكَ عَلَيَّ يَا مُهَاجِرُ
✧ Whoever among you recites the Qur’an should learn the laws of inheritance. If a Bedouin meets him and says, “O Muhajir, do you recite the Qur’an?” and he says, “Yes,” and the Bedouin says, “I also recite the Qur’an,” then the Bedouin asks, “Do you know the obligatory shares, O Muhajir?” If he says, “Yes,” the Bedouin says, “An increase of good.” If he says, “No,” I think he said, “Then what makes you better than me, O Muhajir?”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7954Sahih
جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةُ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَاتَانِ ابْنَتَا سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ قُتِلَ أَبُوهُمَا مَعَكَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ شَهِيدًا وَإِنَّ عَمَّهُمَا أَخَذَ مَالَهُمَا فَلَمْ يَدَعْ لَهُمَا مَالًا فَقَالَ «يَقْضِي اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ» فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى عَمِّهِمَا فَقَالَ «أَعْطِ ابْنَتَيْ سَعْدٍ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَأُمَّهُمَا الثُّمُنَ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَهُوَ لَكَ»
✧ The wife of Sa‘d b. al-Rabi‘ came and said, “O Messenger of Allah, these are the two daughters of Sa‘d b. al-Rabi‘. Their father was martyred with you on the day of Uhud, and their paternal uncle took their wealth and left them no property.” He said, “Allah will judge in that.” Then the verse of inheritance was revealed, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent to their uncle and said, “Give the two daughters of Sa‘d two-thirds, their mother one-eighth, and what remains is yours.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7955Sahih
إِذَا تُوُفِّيَ الرَّجُلُ أَوِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَةً وَاحِدَةً كَانَ لَهَا النِّصْفُ فَإِنْ كَانَتَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَمَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ لَهُنَّ الثُّلُثَانِ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَعَهُنَّ ذَكَرٌ فَلَا فَرِيضَةَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ وَيُبْدَأُ بِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَشْرَكْهُنَّ بِفَرِيضَةٍ فَيُعْطَى فَرِيضَتَهُ فَمَا بَقِيَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ لِلْوَلَدِ بَيْنَهُمْ {لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ} [النساء 11] فَإِنْ كَانَتَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَمَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْإِنَاثِ كَانَ لَهُنَّ الثُّلُثَانِ
✧ When a man or a woman dies leaving one daughter, she gets half. If they are two or more, they get two-thirds. If there is a male with them, no one among them has a fixed share. One begins with anyone who shares with them in a fixed share, gives him his share, and what remains after that goes to the children among them, {to the male the equal of the portion of two females} [al-Nisa’ 11]. If they are two or more females, they get two-thirds.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7956No grade recorded
لَهُ تَنَحَّ يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «إِنَّا هَكَذَا نَفْعَلُ بِكُبَرَائِنَا وَعُلَمَائِنَا»
✧ He said to him, “Move aside, O cousin of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.” He said, “This is how we treat our elders and scholars.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7957No grade recorded
«الِاثْنَانِ فَمَا فَوْقَهُمَا جَمَاعَةٌ»
✧ “Two or more constitute a group.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7958Sahih
لَقَدْ ضَلَلْتُ إِذًا وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُهْتَدِينَ وَلَكِنِّي أَقْضِي بِمَا قَضَى بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَلِابْنَةِ الِابْنِ السُّدُسُ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلْأُخْتِ
✧ I would have certainly gone astray then, and I am not among the rightly guided. But I judge according to what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ judged: for the daughter is half, for the son's daughter is one-sixth, and what remains is for the sister.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7959Sahih
«مِيرَاثُ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَرِثُونَ مَعَ الْوَلَدِ الذِّكْرِ وَلَا مَعَ وَلَدِ الِابْنِ وَلَا مَعَ الْأَبِ شَيْئًا»
✧ “The inheritance of brothers from the father and mother is that they do not inherit anything along with a male child, nor with a son's child, nor with the father.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7960Sahih
اللَّهُ ﷻ {فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ إِخْوَةٌ فَلِأُمِّهِ السُّدُسُ} [النساء 11] «فَالْأَخَوَانِ بِلِسَانِ قَوْمِكَ لَيْسَا بِإِخْوَةٍ» فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَرُدَّ مَا كَانَ قَبْلِي وَمَضَى فِي الْأَمْصَارِ تَوَارَثَ بِهِ النَّاسُ
✧ Allah ﷻ says: {But if he has brothers, then for his mother is one-sixth} [al-Nisa' 11]. “But two brothers in the speech of your people are not [true] brothers.” Then Uthman b. Affan said: I cannot overturn what has been practiced before me and has spread through the regions, by which the people have been inheriting.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7961Sahih
«الْإِخْوَةُ فِي كَلَامِ الْعَرَبِ أَخَوَانِ فَصَاعِدًا»
✧ “Brothers in the speech of the Arabs are two or more.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7962Sahih
«أَفْرَضُ أُمَّتِي زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ»
✧ “The most learned of my community in inheritance law is Zayd b. Thabit.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7963Sahih
أُتِيَ عُمَرُ فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَأَبَوَيْنِ فَجَعَلَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الرُّبُعَ وَلِلْأُمِّ ثُلُثَ مَا بَقِيَ وَلِلْأَبِ مَا بَقِيَ
✧ Umar was brought a case concerning a wife and two parents, and he gave the wife one-fourth, the mother one-third of what remained, and the father what remained.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7964Sahih
«مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِيَرَانِي أُفَضِّلُ أُمًّا عَلَى جَدٍّ»
✧ “Allah, the Exalted, would never see me give preference to a mother over a grandfather.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7965Sahih
أَوْصَى عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ فَقَالَ «الْكَلَالَةَ مَا قُلْتَ؟» قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَمَا قُلْتَ؟ قَالَ «مَنْ لَا وَلَدَ لَهُ»
✧ He was on his deathbed and said: “What did you say about kalalah?” Ibn Abbas said: And what did you say? He said: “The one who has no child.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7966Weak
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الْكَلَالَةُ؟ قَالَ أَمَا سَمِعْتَ الْآيَةَ الَّتِي نَزَلَتْ فِي الصَّيْفِ {يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِي الْكَلَالَةِ} [النساء 176] وَالْكَلَالَةُ مَنْ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَلَدًا وَلَا وَالِدًا
✧ O Messenger of Allah, what is kalalah? He said: Have you not heard the verse that was revealed in the summer: {They ask you for a ruling. Say: Allah gives you a ruling concerning kalalah} [al-Nisa' 176]. Kalalah is the one who leaves neither child nor parent.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7967No grade recorded
«قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالدَّيْنِ قَبْلَ الْوَصِيَّةِ» وَأَنْتُمْ تَقْرَأُونَهَا {مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَى بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ} [النساء 12] وَأَنَّ أَعْيَانَ بَنِي الْأُمِّ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ بَنِي الْعَلَّاتِ وَالْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأُمِّ وَالْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ أَقْرَبُ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ
✧ “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the debt is to be paid before the bequest.” And you recite: {after any bequest that may have been made or debt} [al-Nisa' 12]. And that the offspring of the maternal brothers inherit to the exclusion of the offspring of the paternal half-brothers, and brothers from the mother and brothers from both father and mother are closer than brothers from the father.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7968Abu Dawud silent
«مِيرَاثُ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ بَنِي الْأُمِّ وَالْأَبِّ كَمِيرَاثِ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ سَوَاءٌ ذَكَرُهُمْ كَذَكَرِهِمْ وَإِنَاثُهُمْ كَإِنَاثِهِمْ وَإِذَا اجْتَمَعَ الْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ وَالْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَكَانَ فِي بَنِي الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ ذَكَرٌ فَلَا مِيرَاثَ مَعَهُ لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأَبِ»
✧ “The inheritance of brothers from the father, when there is no one with them from the children of the mother and father, is like the inheritance of brothers from both father and mother, exactly: their males are like their males, and their females are like their females. But when brothers from both father and mother and brothers from the father come together, and among the children of both father and mother there is a male, then no one from the brothers from the father inherits along with him.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7969Sahih
فِي الْمُشْتَرَكَةِ قَالَ «هَبُوا أَنَّ أَبَاهُمْ كَانَ حِمَارًا مَا زَادَهُمُ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا وَأُشْرِكَ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الثُّلُثِ»
✧ Regarding the mushtaraka case, he said: “Suppose their father was a donkey. The father only increased them in nearness, and they were made partners in the one-third.”
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7970No grade recorded
فِي أُمٍّ وَزَوْجٍ وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ لِأُمٍّ «أَنَّ الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ شُرَكَاءُ لِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ فِي ثُلُثِهِمْ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا هُمْ بَنُو أُمٍّ كُلُّهُمْ وَلَمْ يَزِدْهُمُ الْأَبُ إِلَّا قُرْبًا فَهُمْ شُرَكَاءُ فِي الثُّلُثِ»
✧ Concerning a mother, a husband, full brothers, and maternal brothers: "The full brothers are partners with the maternal brothers in their third, because they said, 'They are all sons of the same mother, and the father only added closeness to them, so they share in the third.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7971Sahih
«شَيْءٌ لَا تَجِدُونَهُ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَلَا فِي قَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَتَجِدُونَهُ فِي النَّاسِ كُلِّهِمْ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفُ»
✧ "Something you will not find in the Book of Allah, the Exalted, nor in the judgment of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, but you will find it among all people: the daughter gets half and the sister gets half."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7972Sahih
كَانَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ يَقُولُ فِي ابْنَةٍ وَأُخْتٍ الْمَالُ لِلِابْنَةِ فَقُلْتُ «إِنَّ مُعَاذًا قَضَى فِينَا بِالْيَمَنِ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفُ وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفُ» قَالَ فَأَنْتَ رَسُولِي إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ وَكَانَ قَاضِيَهُ عَلَى الْكُوفَةِ فَمُرْهُ فَلْيَأْخُذْ بِذَلِكَ
✧ Ibn al-Zubayr used to say regarding a daughter and a sister: the wealth belongs to the daughter. So I said: "Mu'adh judged among us in Yemen that the daughter gets half and the sister gets half." He said: "You are my messenger to al-Walid ibn 'Utbah, who was his judge over Kufah, so order him to act upon that."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7973No grade recorded
لِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَلْحِقُوا الْمَالَ بِالْفَرَائِضِ فَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِأَوْلَى رَجُلٍ ذَكَرٍ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ said to me: "Attach the wealth to the fixed shares, and whatever remains goes to the nearest male relative."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7974No grade recorded
ثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَنْبَأَ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ «
✧ Yazid ibn Harun narrated to us; Sufyan al-Thawri informed us."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7975No grade recorded
ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أَنْبَأَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ «
✧ Yahya ibn Yahya narrated to us; Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah informed us."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7976No grade recorded
عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ «
✧ From Ibn Jurayj."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7977Weak
وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ مَعْمَرٍ» بل أجمعوا على ضعفه يعني علي بن عاصم
✧ As for the hadith of Ma'mar"—rather, they unanimously agreed on its weakness, meaning 'Ali ibn 'Asim.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7978Sahih
ثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ ثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ قَالَ جَاءَتِ الْجَدَّةُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ لِي حَقًّا إِنَّ ابْنَ ابْنٍ أَوِ ابْنَ ابْنَةٍ لِي مَاتَ قَالَ مَا عَلِمْتُ لَكِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ حَقًّا وَلَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيهِ شَيْئًا وَسَأَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَشَهِدَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْطَاهَا السُّدُسَ» قَالَ مَنْ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مَعَكَ؟ فَشَهِدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ فَأَعْطَاهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ السُّدُسَ
✧ Al-Qa'nabi narrated to us; Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Zuhri, from Qabisah ibn Dhu'ayb, who said: A grandmother came to Abu Bakr after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "I have a right; my son's son or my daughter's son has died." He said, "I do not know that you have any right in the Book of Allah, nor have I heard anything from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about it, but I will ask the people." So he asked them, and al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah testified that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her a sixth. He said, "Who heard this with you?" Muhammad ibn Maslamah testified, so Abu Bakr gave her a sixth.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7979Sahih
ثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أَنْبَأَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ قَالَ جَاءَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ تُوُفِّيَ وَتَرَكَ بِنْتَهُ وَأُخْتَهُ لِأَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ فَقَالَ «لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ وَلَيْسَ لِأُخْتِهِ شَيْءٌ» قَالَ الرَّجُلُ فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ جَعَلَ لِلِابْنَةِ النِّصْفَ وَلِلْأُخْتِ النِّصْفَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «أَنْتُمْ أَعْلَمُ أَمِ اللَّهُ؟» فَلَمْ أَدْرِ مَا وَجْهُ هَذَا حَتَّى لَقِيتُ ابْنَ طَاوُسٍ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ حَدِيثَ الزُّهْرِيِّ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {إِنِ امْرُؤٌ هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَهُ أُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ} [النساء 176] قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «فَقُلْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ لَهَا النِّصْفُ وَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ»
✧ Ishaq narrated to us; 'Abd al-Razzaq informed us; Ma'mar informed us, from al-Zuhri, from Abu Salamah, who said: A man came to Ibn 'Abbas and said, "A man died leaving his daughter and his full sister." He said, "His daughter gets half and his sister gets nothing." The man said, "But 'Umar judged otherwise: he gave the daughter half and the sister half." Ibn 'Abbas said, "Are you more knowledgeable or Allah?" I did not understand the point of this until I met Ibn Tawus and mentioned al-Zuhri's hadith to him. He said: My father told me that he heard Ibn 'Abbas say: Allah, Blessed and Exalted, said: {If a man dies having no child but has a sister, she gets half of what he leaves} [al-Nisa' 176]. Ibn 'Abbas said: "Yet you say she gets half even if he has a child."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7980Sahih
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قُلْتُ عِنْدِي قَالَ مَا عِنْدَكَ؟ قُلْتُ «أَعْطَاهُ السُّدُسَ» قَالَ «مَعَ مَنْ؟» قُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ «لَا دَرَيْتَ»
✧ From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? I said: "I have something." He said: "What do you have?" I said: "He gave her a sixth." He said: "Along with whom?" I said: "I do not know." He said: "May you not know."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7981Sahih
«أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ جَعَلَهُ أَبًا»
✧ "That Abu Bakr treated him as a father."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7982Sahih
أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ لَمَّا اسْتَشَارَهُمْ فِي مِيرَاثِ الْجَدِّ وَالْإِخْوَةِ قَالَ زَيْدٌ «وَكَانَ رَأْيِي أَنَّ الْإِخْوَةَ أَوْلَى بِالْمِيرَاثِ مِنَ الْجَدِّ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَرَى يَوْمَئِذٍ أَنَّ الْجَدَّ أَوْلَى بِمِيرَاثِ ابْنِ أَبِيهِ مِنْ إِخْوَتِهِ» قَالَ زَيْدٌ «فَحَاوَرْتُ أَنَا عُمَرَ فَضَرَبْتُ لِعُمَرَ فِي ذَلِكَ مَثَلًا وَضَرَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لِعُمَرَ مَثَلًا يَوْمَئِذٍ السَّيْلَ يَضْرِبَانِهِ وَيَصْرِفَانِهِ عَلَى نَحْوِ تَصْرِيفِ زَيْدٍ»
✧ That 'Umar b. al-Khattab, when he consulted them about the inheritance of the grandfather and the brothers, Zayd said, "My opinion was that the brothers have a better right to the inheritance than the grandfather, but 'Umar at that time held the view that the grandfather has a better right to the inheritance of his son's son than his brothers." Zayd said, "I argued with 'Umar, and I gave 'Umar an example for that, and 'Ali b. Abi Talib and 'Abd Allah b. 'Abbas also gave 'Umar an example that day of a flood: they struck it and diverted it in the manner of Zayd's diversion."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7983Sahih
أَنَّ عُمَرَ حِينَ طُعِنَ قَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ فِي الْجَدِّ رَأَيًا فَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمْ أَنْ تَتَّبِعُوهُ فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ «إِنْ نَتَّبِعْ رَأْيَكَ فَهُوَ رَشَدٌ وَإِنْ نَتَّبِعْ رَأْيَ الشَّيْخِ قَبْلَكَ فَنِعْمَ ذُو الرَّأْيِ كَانَ»
✧ That 'Umar, when he was stabbed, said, "I held an opinion about the grandfather, and if you see fit to follow it, then do so." 'Uthman said, "If we follow your opinion, it is right guidance; and if we follow the opinion of the old man before you, then how excellent a man of opinion he was."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7984Sahih
«إِنَّ مِنْ قَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلْجَدَّتَيْنِ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ السُّدُسَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوِيَّةِ»
✧ Indeed, part of the judgment of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ concerning the two grandmothers is that they receive one-sixth of the inheritance, divided equally between them.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7985No grade recorded
«أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَعَالَ الْفَرَائِضَ عُمَرُ وَايْمُ اللَّهِ لَوْ قَدَّمَ مَنْ قَدَّمَ اللَّهُ وَأَخَّرَ مَنْ أَخَّرَ اللَّهُ مَا عَالَتْ فَرِيضَةٌ»
✧ The first person to apply 'awl to the obligatory shares was 'Umar. By Allah, if he had given precedence to those whom Allah gave precedence, and put back those whom Allah put back, no obligatory share would have ever been subject to 'awl.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7986No grade recorded
تَحُوزُ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلَاثَةَ مَوَارِيثَ عَتِيقِهَا وَلَقِيطِهَا وَالْوَلَدِ الَّذِي لَاعَنَتْ عَلَيْهِ
✧ A woman inherits from three: her freed slave, her foundling, and the child upon whom she has sworn li'an.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7987No grade recorded
قَالَ فِي مِيرَاثِ ابْنِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ «مِيرَاثُهُ كُلُّهُ لِأُمِّهِ»
✧ He said concerning the inheritance of the child of li'an, "His entire inheritance belongs to his mother."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7988Abu Dawud silent
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ «عَصَبَتُهُ أُمُّهُ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said concerning the child of li'an, "His 'asabah is his mother." Al-Dhahabi remained silent about it in the Talkhis.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7989Sahih
«اخْتُصِمَ إِلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فِي وَلَدِ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ فَأَعْطَى مِيرَاثَهُ أُمَّهُ وَجَعَلَهَا عَصَبَتَهُ»
✧ A dispute concerning the child of li'an was brought to 'Ali b. Abi Talib, and he gave his inheritance to his mother and made her his 'asabah.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7990No grade recorded
«الْوَلَاءُ لُحْمَةٌ كَلُحْمَةِ النَّسَبِ لَا تُبَاعُ وَلَا تُوهَبُ»
✧ Wala' is a kinship like the kinship of blood; it is not to be sold or given away.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7991Abu Dawud silent
«الْوَلَاءُ لُحْمَةٌ مِنَ النَّسَبِ لَا تُبَاعُ وَلَا تُوهَبُ»
✧ Wala' is a kinship from the lineage; it is not to be sold or given away.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7992Fabricated
«لَا مُسَاعَاةَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ مَنْ سَاعَى فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَدْ أَلْحَقَهُ بِعَصَبَتِهِ وَمَنِ ادَّعَى وَلَدًا مِنْ غَيْرِ رِشْدَةٍ لَمْ يَرِثْ وَلَمْ يُورَثْ»
✧ There is no musa'ah in Islam. Whoever made a musa'ah agreement in the Jahiliyyah, it has already attached him to his 'asabah. And whoever claims a child born outside of lawful wedlock, he neither inherits nor is inherited from.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7993No grade recorded
«مَنِ ادَّعَى وَلَدًا مِنْ أَمَةٍ لَا يَمْلِكُهَا أَوْ مِنْ حُرَّةٍ عَاهَرَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَلْحَقُ بِهِ وَلَا يَرِثُ وَهُوَ وَلَدُ زِنًا لِأَهْلِ أُمِّهِ مَنْ كَانُوا»
✧ Whoever claims a child born to a slave woman he does not own, or to a free woman with whom he committed adultery, that child is not attributed to him, and he does not inherit. The child belongs to the family of his mother, whoever they may be.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7994Abu Dawud silent
«إِنَّ أَعْيَانَ بَنِي الْأُمِّ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ بَنِي الْعَلَّاتِ»
✧ Indeed, the full siblings through the mother inherit from one another, to the exclusion of half-siblings through different mothers.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7995No grade recorded
جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةُ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَاتَانِ ابْنَتَا سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ قُتِلَ أَبُوهُمَا مَعَكَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ شَهِيدًا وَإِنَّ عَمَّهُمَا أَخَذَ مَالَهُمَا فَلَمْ يَدَعْ لَهُمَا مَالًا فَقَالَ «يَقْضِي اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ» قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى عَمِّهِمَا فَقَالَ «أَعْطِ ابْنَتَيْ سَعْدٍ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَأُمَّهُمَا الثُّمُنَ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَهُوَ لَكَ»
✧ The wife of Sa'd b. al-Rabi' came and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, these are the two daughters of Sa'd b. al-Rabi'. Their father was killed with you on the day of Uhud as a martyr. Their paternal uncle took their wealth and left nothing for them.' He said, 'Allah will judge in that matter.' He said, 'Then the verse of inheritance was revealed, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent to their paternal uncle and said, "Give the two daughters of Sa'd two-thirds, their mother one-eighth, and whatever remains is yours."'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7996No grade recorded
أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى حِمَارٍ فَلَقِيَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَجُلٌ تَرَكَ عَمَّتَهُ وَخَالَتَهُ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ غَيْرُهُمَا قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ «اللَّهُمَّ رَجُلٌ تَرَكَ عَمَّتَهُ وَخَالَتَهُ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ غَيْرُهُمَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَيْنَ السَّائِلُ؟» قَالَ هَا أَنَا ذَا قَالَ «لَا مِيرَاثَ لَهُمَا»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached a donkey, and a man met him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, a man left behind his paternal aunt and maternal aunt, and there is no heir for him except them." He (the Prophet) raised his head towards the sky and said, "O Allah, a man left behind his paternal aunt and maternal aunt, and there is no heir for him except them." Then he said, "Where is the questioner?" He said, "Here I am." He (the Prophet) said, "There is no inheritance for them (the paternal aunt and maternal aunt)."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7997No grade recorded
أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ مِيرَاثِ الْعَمَّةِ وَالْخَالَةِ فَسَكَتَ فَنَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ «حَدَّثَنِي جِبْرِيلُ أَنَّ لَا مِيرَاثَ لَهُمَا»
✧ He informed him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the inheritance of the paternal aunt and the maternal aunt, and he remained silent. Then Jibril ﷺ came down to him and said, 'Jibril told me that they have no inheritance.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7998No grade recorded
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ رَكِبَ إِلَى قُبَاءَ وَعَلَى الْحِمَارِ إِكَافٌ فَقَالَ «أَسْتَخِيرُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى فِي مِيرَاثِ الْعَمَّةِ وَالْخَالَةِ» فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ لَا مِيرَاثَ لَهُمَا «فَقَدْ صَحَّ حَدِيثُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ بِهَذِهِ الشَّوَاهِدِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ rode to Quba' with a packsaddle on the donkey and said, 'I seek the choice of Allah, the Exalted, regarding the inheritance of the paternal aunt and the maternal aunt.' Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed to him that they have no inheritance. 'Thus the hadith of 'Abd Allah b. Ja'far is sound through these supporting witnesses, though the two did not include it.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7999No grade recorded
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ أَعُودُهُ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ «وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ مِيرَاثِ الْعَمَّةِ وَالْخَالَةِ فَإِنَّ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهَا حَاجَةً»
✧ I entered upon Abu Bakr al-Siddiq during the illness in which he died, visiting him. I heard him say, 'I wish I had asked the Prophet ﷺ about the inheritance of the paternal aunt and the maternal aunt, for I have a need in my heart regarding it.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8000Sahih
«لَا تَرِثُ الْعَمَّةُ أُخْتُ الْأَبِ لِلْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ وَلَا الْخَالَةُ وَلَا مَنْ هُوَ أَبْعَدُ نَسَبًا مِنَ الْمُتَوَفَّى»
✧ Neither the paternal aunt, the sister of the father through both father and mother, nor the maternal aunt, nor anyone more distant in kinship from the deceased inherits.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8001Sahih
«هَيْهَاتَ هَيْهَاتَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ إِنَّمَا كَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ الْأَعْرَابِ» فَنَزَلَتْ {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ}
✧ Far from it, far from it! Where is Ibn Mas'ud? The emigrants used to inherit from one another to the exclusion of the desert Arabs. Then it was revealed: {And those of kin are nearer to one another in the decree of Allah}.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8002No grade recorded
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَنَا مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ أَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَأَفُكُّ عَانِيَهُ وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ يَرِثُ مَالَهُ وَيَفُكُّ عَانِيَهُ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'I am the patron of he who has no patron; I inherit his wealth and free his captive. The maternal uncle is the heir of he who has no heir; he inherits his wealth and frees his captive.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8003Sahih
«دَعُوا الْجَارِيَةَ مَعَ خَالَتِهَا فَإِنَّ الْخَالَةَ أُمٌّ»
✧ Leave the girl with her maternal aunt, for the maternal aunt is a mother.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8004Sahih
«اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ مَوْلَى مَنْ لَا مَوْلَى لَهُ وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ»
✧ Allah and His Messenger are the patrons of he who has no patron, and the maternal uncle is the heir of he who has no heir.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8005Sahih
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ آخَى بَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَلَمْ نَشُكَّ أَنَّا نَتَوَارَثُ لَوْ هَلَكَ كَعْبٌ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مَنْ يَرِثُهُ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنِّي أَرِثُهُ وَلَوْ هَلَكْتُ كَذَلِكَ يَرِثُنِي» حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ} [الأحزاب 6]
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had established brotherhood between a man from the emigrants and a man from the Ansar. We did not doubt that we would inherit from one another, so if Ka'b were to die and had no one to inherit from him, I thought that I would inherit from him, and likewise if I died, he would inherit from me, until this verse was revealed: {And those of kin are nearer to one another} [Al-Ahzab 6].
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8006Sahih
أَنَّهُ أُتِيَ فِي مِيرَاثِ يَهُودِيٍّ وَلَهُ وَارِثٌ مُسْلِمٌ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الْإِسْلَامُ يَزِيدُ وَلَا يَنْقُصُ»
✧ He was brought a case concerning the inheritance of a Jew who had a Muslim heir. He said, 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Islam increases and does not decrease."'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8007Sahih
«لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ النَّصْرَانِيَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدَهُ أَوْ أَمَتَهُ»
✧ A Muslim does not inherit from a Christian unless he is his slave or his slave woman.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8008Abu Dawud silent
«لَا يَرِثُ الْمُسْلِمُ الْكَافِرَ وَلَا الْكَافِرُ الْمُسْلِمَ»
✧ A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, nor does a disbeliever inherit from a Muslim.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8009Sahih
أَنَّ أُمَّ كُلْثُومٍ وَلَدَتْ لِعُمَرَ ابْنًا فَأَمَّا الْفَائِدَةُ الْأُخْرَى فَلَهُ شَاهِدٌ صحيح
✧ Umm Kulthum gave birth to a son for Umar. As for the other note, it has an authentic witness.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8010Abu Dawud silent
أَنَّهُ «كَانَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ إِذَا لَمْ يُعْرَفْ أَيُّهُمَا مَاتَ قَبْلَ صَاحِبِهِ»
✧ He would not make the deceased inherit from the deceased when it was not known which of them died before the other.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8011Abu Dawud silent
«كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُحَالِفُ الرَّجُلَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا نَسَبٌ لِيَرِثَ أَحَدُهُمَا الْآخَرَ» فَنَسَخَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ بِالْأَنْفَالِ {وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ} [الأحزاب 6] سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
✧ A man would enter into an alliance with another man between whom there was no kinship, so that one of them would inherit from the other. Then Allah abrogated that with the shares of inheritance: {And those of kinship are more entitled to one another in the Book of Allah} [al-Ahzab 6]. Al-Dhahabi remained silent about it in al-Talkhis.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8012Sahih
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ يَقُولُ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ «وُرِّثَ مَالُ رَجُلٍ تَرَكَ ابْنَتَهُ وَأُخْتَهُ فَجُعِلَ لِابْنَتِهِ النِّصْفُ وَلِأُخْتِهِ النِّصْفُ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَيٌّ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ»
✧ He heard Mu'adh b. Jabal say while he was on the pulpit: 'The estate of a man who left behind his daughter and his sister was distributed, so half was given to his daughter and half to his sister, while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was alive among them.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8013No grade recorded
النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «الْتَمِسُوا لَهُ وَارِثًا» فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ إِلَّا مَوْلًى لَهُ هُوَ الَّذِي أَعْتَقَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَعْطُوهُ إِيَّاهُ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ said: 'Seek an heir for him,' but none was found except a client of his, the one who had freed him. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Give it to him.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 8014Sahih
ثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أَنْبَأَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَعلى شرط البخاري ومسلم
✧ Yazid b. Harun narrated to us; Hammad b. Salamah informed us, meeting the criteria of al-Bukhari and Muslim.