19. Division of War Booty
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2585No grade recorded
عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 41] الْآيَةُ فَقَالَ «هَذَا مِفْتَاحُ كَلَامِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ» قَالَ اخْتَلَفَ النَّاسُ فِي هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ سَهْمُ الْقُرْبَى لَقَرَابَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ لَقَرَابَةِ الْخَلِيفَةِ وَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ سَهْمُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِلْخَلِيفَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَجْعَلُوا هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ فِي الْخَيْلِ وَالْعُدَّةَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَكَانَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ فِي خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ
" Iasked Al-Hasan bin Muhammad about the saying of Allah, the Might and Sublime: 'and know that whatever of spoils of war that you may gain, verily, one-fifth of it is assigned to Allah. He said: 'This is the key to the Speech of Allah. This world and the Hereafter belling to Allah. He said: 'They differed concerning these two shares after the death of the Messenger of Allah, the share of the Messenger and the share of the near relatives (of the Messenger of Allah). Some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the Messenger, and some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the Khalifah. Then they agreed that these two shares should be spent on horses and equipment in the cause of Allah, and they were allocated for this purpose during the Khalifah of Abu Bakr and' Umar."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4143)
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2586Sahih
سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُ «وَلَّانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَمْسَ الْخُمُسِ فَوَضَعْتُهُ مَوَاضِعَهُ حَيَاةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ
✧ I heard Ali say: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ put me in charge of the fifth of the fifth, and I placed it in its proper places during the life of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr and Umar."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2587Sahih
«كَانَتْ صَفِيَّةُ مِنَ الصَّفِيِّ»
✧ Safiyyah was of the chosen spoils.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2588Sahih
تَنَفَّلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَيْفَهُ ذَا الْفَقَارِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ الَّذِي رَأَى فِيهِ الرُّؤْيَا يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا جَاءَهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ كَانَ رَأْيُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يُقَاتِلُهُمْ فِيهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ نَاسٌ لَمْ يَكُونُوا شَهِدُوا بَدْرًا أَتَخْرُجُ بِنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ نُقَاتِلْهُمْ بِأُحُدٍ وَرَجَوْا أَنْ يُصِيبُوا مِنَ الْفَضِيلَةِ مَا أَصَابَ أَهْلُ بَدْرٍ فَمَا زَالُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى لَبِسَ أَدَاتَهُ فَنَدِمُوا وَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَقِمْ فَالرَّأْيُ رَأْيُكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَضَعَ أَدَاتَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ لَبِسَهَا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عَدُوِّهِ» قَالَ وَكَانَ مِمَّا قَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَلْبَسَ الْأَدَاةَ «إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَنِّي فِي دِرْعٍ حَصِينَةٍ فَأَوَّلْتُهَا الْمَدِينَةَ وَأَنِّي مُرْدِفٌ كَبْشًا فَأَوَّلْتُهُ كَبْشَ الْكَتِيبَةِ وَرَأَيْتُ أَنَّ سَيْفِي ذَا الْفَقَارِ فُلَّ فَأَوَّلْتُهُ فَلًّا فِيكُمْ وَرَأَيْتُ بَقَرًا تُذْبَحُ فَبَقَرٌ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرٌ فَبَقَرٌ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرٌ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took his sword Dhu al-Fiqar as extra share on the day of Badr. Ibn Abbas said, this was the one about which he saw a vision on the day of Uhud. That is, when the polytheists came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Uhud, the opinion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was to remain in Madinah and fight them there. Some people who had not been present at Badr said to him, "Will you take us out, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, to fight them at Uhud?" They hoped to attain the virtue that the people of Badr had attained. They kept at the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until he put on his armor, then they regretted it and said, "O Messenger of Allah, stay; the opinion is your opinion." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "It is not fitting for a prophet to take off his armor after putting it on until Allah judges between him and his enemy." He said, and among what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told them that day before putting on his armor was: "I saw that I was in a strong coat of mail, and I interpreted it as Madinah. And I saw myself riding behind a ram, and I interpreted it as the ram of the battalion. And I saw that my sword Dhu al-Fiqar was notched, and I interpreted it as a wound among you. And I saw cows being slaughtered, and cows, by Allah, are good; cows, by Allah, are good."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2589No grade recorded
إِنِّي لَأَمْشِي مَعَ أَبِي إِذْ مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ يُنْقُصُونَ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُونَ فِيهِ فَقَامَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَنَالُ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ وَفِي نَفْسِي عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَكُنْتُ مَعَ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ فِي جَيْشٍ فَأَصَابُوا غَنَائِمَ فَعَمِدَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى جَارِيَةٍ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ فَأَخَذَهَا لِنَفْسِهِ وَكَانَ بَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَبَيْنَ خَالِدٍ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ خَالِدٌ هَذِهِ فُرْصَتُكَ وَقَدْ عَرَفَ خَالِدٌ الَّذِي فِي نَفْسِي عَلَى عَلِيٍّ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَاذْكُرْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا مِكْبَابًا وَكُنْتُ إِذَا حَدَّثْتُ الْحَدِيثَ أَكْبَبْتُ ثُمَّ رَفَعْتُ رَأْسِيَ فَذَكَرْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَمْرَ الْجَيْشِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرْتُ لَهُ أَمْرَ عَلِيٍّ فَرَفَعْتُ رَأْسِيَ وَأَوْدَاجُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدِ احْمِرَّتْ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَنْ كُنْتُ وَلِيَّهُ فَإِنَّ عَلِيًّا وَلِيُّهُ وَذَهَبَ الَّذِي فِي نَفْسِي عَلَيْهِ»
✧ I was walking with my father when he passed by a group of people disparaging 'Ali, saying things about him. He stood and said, 'I used to speak against 'Ali and had something in my heart against him. I was with Khalid b. al-Walid in an army, and they acquired spoils. 'Ali took a slave girl from the fifth for himself, and there was something between 'Ali and Khalid. Khalid said, "This is your opportunity," for Khalid knew what was in my heart against 'Ali. He said, "Go to the Prophet ﷺ and mention that to him." So I went to the Prophet ﷺ and told him. I was a man who leaned forward when speaking, and when I narrated something, I would lean forward then raise my head. I mentioned to the Prophet ﷺ the matter of the army, then I mentioned to him the matter of 'Ali. I raised my head, and the veins of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had reddened.' He said: The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Whoever I am his protector, then 'Ali is his protector,' and the feeling in my heart against him departed.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2590Sahih
أَنَّهُ مَرَّ عَلَى مَجْلِسٍ
✧ He passed by a gathering.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2591Sahih
أَنَّ هَوَازِنَ جَاءَتْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ وَالْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ فَصَفُّوهُمْ صُفُوفًا لِيُكَثِّرُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَالْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فَوَلَّى الْمُسْلِمُونَ مُدْبِرِينَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ» وَقَالَ «يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ» فَهَزَمَ اللَّهُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَمْ يَطْعَنْ بِرُمْحٍ وَلَمْ يَضْرِبْ بِسَيْفٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ «مَنْ قَتَلَ كَافِرًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» فَقَتَلَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا وَأَخَذَ أَسْلَابَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ضَرَبْتُ رَجُلًا عَلَى حَبْلِ الْعَاتِقِ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ لَهُ فَأُعْجِلْتُ عَنْهُ أَنْ آخُذَ سَلَبَهُ فَانْظُرْ مَنْ هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا أَخَذْتُهَا فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهَا فَأَعْطِنِيهَا فَسَكَتَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَكَانَ لَا يُسْأَلُ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ أَوْ سَكَتَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا يَفِيءُ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِهِ وَيُعْطِيكَهَا فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
✧ Hawazin came on the day of Hunayn with women, children, camels, and sheep, and arranged them in rows to outnumber the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Muslims and the polytheists met, and the Muslims turned back in retreat, as Allah Almighty said. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'I am the servant of Allah and His Messenger.' And he said, 'O assembly of Ansar, I am the servant of Allah and His Messenger.' Then Allah defeated the polytheists without a spear thrust or a sword blow. That day, the Prophet ﷺ said, 'Whoever kills a disbeliever, his spoils belong to him.' Abu Qatadah killed twenty men that day and took their spoils. Abu Qatadah said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I struck a man on the shoulder strap, and he had armor on. I was too hurried to take his spoils. See who he is, O Messenger of Allah.' A man said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I took it, so make him satisfied with something from it and give it to me.' The Prophet ﷺ remained silent, and he never was asked for something except that he gave it or remained silent. 'Umar said, 'No, by Allah, Allah will not give the spoils to one of His lions and then give them to you.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2592Sahih
شَهِدْتُ حُنَيْنًا مَعَ سَادَتِي فَكَلَّمُوا فِيَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَأَمَرَنِي فَقُلِّدْتُ سَيْفًا فَأُخْبِرَ أَنِّي مَمْلُوكٌ فَأَمَرَ لِي بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ خُرْثِيِّ الْمَتَاعِ»
✧ I witnessed Hunayn with my masters, and they spoke to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about me. He ordered for me, and I was girded with a sword. It was reported that I was a slave, so he ordered for me some of the odds and ends of the baggage.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2593Sahih
شَهِدْنَا الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفْنَا عَنْهَا إِذِ النَّاسُ يَهُزُّونَ بِالْأَبَاعِرِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ لِبَعْضٍ مَا لِلنَّاسِ؟ قَالُوا أُوحِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَخَرَجْنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ نُوجِفُ فَوَجَدْنَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَاقِفًا عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ عِنْدَ كُرَاعِ الْغَمِيمِ فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمْ {إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُبِينًا} [الفتح 1] فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَفْتَحٌ هُوَ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ إِنَّهُ لَفَتْحٌ» فَقُسِمَتْ خَيْبَرُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَقَسَمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا وَكَانَ الْجَيْشُ أَلْفًا وَخَمْسَ مِائَةٍ فِيهِمْ ثَلَاثُ مِائَةِ فَارِسٍ فَأَعْطَى الْفَارِسَ سَهْمَيْنِ وَأَعْطَى الرَّاجِلَ سَهْمًا
✧ We witnessed al-Hudaybiyyah with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When we left there, the people were urging their camels. Some people said to others, 'What is with the people?' They said, 'Revelation came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' We went out with the people, urging our mounts, and found the Prophet ﷺ standing on his riding camel at Kura' al-Ghamim. When the people gathered around him, he recited to them, 'Indeed, We have granted you a clear conquest' [al-Fath: 1]. A man said, 'O Messenger of Allah, is it a conquest?' He said, 'Yes, by the One in Whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, it is indeed a conquest.' Khaybar was divided among the people of al-Hudaybiyyah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided it into thirteen shares. The army was one thousand five hundred, including three hundred horsemen. He gave the horseman two shares and the foot soldier one share.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2594Sahih
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ «مَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَلَهُ مِنَ النَّفَلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا» قَالَ فَقَدِمَ الْفِتْيَانُ وَلَزِمَ الْمَشْيَخَةُ الرَّايَاتِ فَلَمْ يَبْرَحُوهَا فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ الْمَشْيَخَةُ كُنَّا رِدْأً لَكُمْ لَوِ انْهَزَمْتُمْ فِئْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا فَلَا تَذْهَبُونَ بِالْمَغْنَمِ وَنَبْقَى فَأَبَى الْفِتْيَانِ وَقَالُوا جَعَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 1] إِلَى {كَمَا أَخْرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَيْتِكَ بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَكَارِهُونَ} [الأنفال 5] يَقُولُ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ فَكَذَلِكَ أَيْضًا فَأَطِيعُونِي فَإِنِّي أَعْلَمُ بِعَاقِبَةِ هَذَا مِنْكُمْ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of Badr, 'Whoever does such and such will have such and such from the extra spoils.' He said: The young men advanced, and the elders stayed with the banners and did not leave them. When Allah granted them victory, the elders said, 'We were your support; if you had been defeated, you would have returned to us. Do not take the spoils and leave us with nothing.' The young men refused and said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ assigned it to us.' Then Allah Almighty revealed: 'They ask you about the spoils of war. Say, "The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger"' [al-Anfal: 1] up to: 'Just as your Lord brought you out of your home in truth, while a party of the believers were unwilling' [al-Anfal: 5]. He said: That was better for them, and likewise also, so obey me, for I know the outcome of this better than you.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2595Sahih
ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُثْمَانُ ابْنَا أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ جِئْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ بِسَيْفٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ شُفِيَ صَدْرِي الْيَوْمَ مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ فَهَبْ لِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا السَّيْفَ لَيْسَ لِي وَلَا لَكَ فَذَهَبْتُ وَأَنَا أَقُولُ يُعْطَاهُ الْيَوْمَ مَنْ لَمْ يَبْلُ بَلَائِي فَبَيْنَا إِذْ جَاءَنِي الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ أَجِبْ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ مِنْ كَلَامِي فَجِئْتُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ لِي وَلَا لَكَ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ لِي فَهُوَ لَكَ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 1] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ
✧ Abu Bakr and 'Uthman, the two sons of Abi Shaybah, narrated to us: Abu Bakr b. 'Ayyash narrated to us, from 'Asim, from Mus'ab b. Sa'd, from his father, who said: I came to the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Badr with a sword and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, my heart has been satisfied today against the enemy, so give me this sword.' He said, 'This sword is not for me nor for you.' I went away saying to myself, 'Today it will be given to someone who has not endured what I have.' While I was like that, a messenger came to me and said, 'Respond.' I thought something had been revealed concerning me because of my words. I came, and the Prophet ﷺ said, 'You asked me for this sword, and it was not for me nor for you. Allah has now made it mine, so it is yours.' Then he recited: 'They ask you about the spoils of war. Say, "The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger"' [al-Anfal: 1] to the end of the verse.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2596Sahih
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فِي ثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ حُفَاةٌ فَاحْمِلْهُمُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ عُرَاةٌ فَاكْسُهُمُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ جِيَاعٌ فَأَشْبِعْهُمْ فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَانْقَلَبُوا حِينَ انْقَلَبُوا وَمَا فِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ إِلَّا وَقَدْ رَجَعَ بِجَمَلٍ أَوْ جَمَلَيْنِ فَاكْتَسَوْا وَشَبِعُوا»
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out on the day of Badr along with three hundred and fifteen (men). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: O Allah, they are on foot, provide mount for them; O Allah, they are naked, clothe them; O Allah, they are hungry, provide food for them. Allah then bestowed victory on them. They returned when they were clothed. There was no man of them but he returned with one or two camels; they were clothed and ate to their fill. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2747)
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2597Sahih
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ كَانَ «يُنَفِّلُ بَعْضَ مَنْ يَبْعَثُ مِنَ السَّرَايَا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ خَاصَّةَ النَّفَلِ سِوَى قَسْمِ عَامَّةِ الْجَيْشِ وَالْخُمُسُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَاجِبٌ كُلُّهُ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to give extra spoils to some of those he sent on expeditions, specifically for themselves, apart from the general division of the army, and the fifth is obligatory in all of that.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2598Abu Dawud silent
كُنْتُ عَبْدًا بِمِصْرَ لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فَأَعْتَقَتْنِي فَمَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَبِهَا عِلْمٌ إِلَّا احْتَوَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا أَرَى ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ الشَّامَ فَغَرْبَلْتُهَا كُلُّ ذَلِكَ أَسْأَلُ عَنِ النَّفَلِ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ أَحَدًا يُخْبِرُنِي فِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ حَتَّى لَقِيتُ شَيْخًا يُقَالُ لَهُ زِيَادُ بْنُ جَارِيَةَ التَّمِيمِيُّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ فِيَ النَّفَلِ شَيْئًا؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ سَمِعْتُ حَبِيبَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ الْفِهْرِيَّ يَقُولُ شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَفَلَ الرُّبُعَ فِي الْبَدْأَةِ وَالثُّلُثَ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص
✧ I was a slave in Egypt belonging to a woman from Hudhayl. She freed me, and I did not leave Egypt while it had any knowledge but that I gathered it, as far as I could. Then I came to Syria and sifted through it, all the while asking about the extra spoils. I found no one to tell me anything about it until I met an old man called Ziyad b. Jariyah al-Tamimi. I said to him, 'Have you heard anything about the extra spoils?' He said, 'Yes, I heard Habib b. Maslamah al-Fihri say: I witnessed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ give a quarter as extra spoils at the beginning of an expedition and a third on the return.' Al-Dhahabi remained silent about it in the summary.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2599Sahih
أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يُنَفِّلُ الثُّلُثَ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ»
✧ He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to give a third as extra spoils after the fifth.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2600Sahih
بَعَثَنِي أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ إِلَى ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى أَسْأَلُهُ مَا صَنَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي طَعَامِ خَيْبَرَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ هَلْ خَمَّسَهُ؟ قَالَ «لَا كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ أَحَدُنَا إِذَا أَرَادَ شَيْئًا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ حَاجَتَهُ»
✧ The people of the mosque sent me to Ibn Abi Awfa to ask him what the Prophet ﷺ did with the food of Khaybar. I went to him and asked him about that. I said, 'Did he take a fifth of it?' He said, 'No, it was less than that, and when one of us wanted something, he took what he needed from it.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2601Sahih
كَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ تَقُولُ مَنْ أَكَلَ الْخُبْزَ سَمِنَ فَلَمَّا فَتَحْنَا خَيْبَرَ «جَهِضْنَاهُمْ عَنْ خُبْزَةٍ لَهُمْ فَقَعَدْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَأَكَلْتُ مِنْهَا حَتَّى شَبِعْتُ فَجَعَلْتُ أَنْظُرُ فِي عِطْفَيَّ هَلْ سَمِنْتُ؟»
✧ The Arabs used to say, 'Whoever eats bread becomes fat.' When we conquered Khaybar, we seized a loaf of bread from them, and I sat down by it and ate from it until I was full. Then I began looking at my sides to see if I had become fat.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2602Sahih
شَهِدْتُ فَتْحَ خَيْبَرَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا انْهَزَمَ الْقَوْمُ وَقَعْنَا فِي رِحَالِهِمْ فَأَخَذَ النَّاسُ مَا وَجَدُوا مِنْ جُزُرٍ قَالَ زَيْدٌ وَهِيَ الْمَوَاشِي فَلَمْ يَكُنْ بِأَسْرَعَ مِنْ أَنْ فَارَتِ الْقُدُورُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَمَرَ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ بَيْنَنَا فَجَعَلَ لِكُلِّ عَشَرَةٍ شَاةً»
✧ I witnessed the conquest of Khaybar with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When the people were defeated we fell upon their camp and the people took what they found of slaughtered camels—Zayd said, that is, the livestock. The pots had no sooner come to a boil than the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered the pots to be overturned. Then he divided among us and allotted one sheep to every ten men.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2603No grade recorded
«النُّهْبَةُ لَا تَحِلُّ فَأَكْفِئُوا الْقُدُورَ»
✧ Plunder is not lawful, so overturn the pots.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2604No grade recorded
انْتَهَبَ النَّاسُ غَنَمًا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ فَذَبَحُوهَا فَجَعَلُوا يَطْبُخُونَ مِنْهَا فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ وَقَالَ «إِنَّهُ لَا تَصْلُحُ النُّهْبَةُ»
✧ On the day of Khaybar the people seized sheep as plunder, slaughtered them, and began cooking them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and ordered the pots to be overturned, and he said, "Plunder is not proper."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2605No grade recorded
«لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنِ انْتَهَبَ أَوْ سَلَبَ أَوْ أَشَارَ بِالسَّلَبِ»
✧ He is not one of us who plunders, robs, or points out something for robbery.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2606Sahih
«نَهَى عَنِ الْخُلْسَةِ وَالْمُجَثَّمَةِ وَأَنْ تُوطَأَ السَّبَايَا حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ»
✧ He forbade seizing property by stealth, eating animals that have been tied up and used as targets, and having intercourse with female captives until they have given birth to what is in their wombs.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2607Sahih
عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ صَاحِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى بَدْرٍ نَلْقَى الْعَدُوَّ فَلَمَّا هَزَمَهُمُ اتَّبَعَهُمْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَقْتُلُونَهُمْ وَأَحْدَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَاسْتَوْلَتْ طَائِفَةٌ بِالْعَسْكَرِ فَلَمَّا كَفَى اللَّهُ الْعَدُوَّ وَرَجَعَ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوهُمْ قَالُوا لَنَا النَّفَلُ نَحْنُ قَتَلْنَا الْعَدُوَّ وَبِنَا نَفَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَهَزَمَهُمْ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا أَحْدَقُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنَّا هُوَ لَنَا نَحْنُ أَحْدَقْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَا يَنَالُ الْعَدُوُّ مِنْهُ غِرَّةً وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ اسْتَوْلَوْا عَلَى الْعَسْكَرِ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنَّا نَحْنُ اسْتَوْلَيْنَا عَلَى الْعَسْكَرِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ} [الأنفال 1] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ} [البقرة 91] فَقَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمْ عَنْ فُوَاقٍ
✧ Narrated from Abu Umamah al-Bahili, the Companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, from 'Ubadah b. al-Samit that he said: I went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Badr to meet the enemy. When he defeated them, a party of the Muslims pursued them killing them, a party surrounded the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and a party took possession of the camp. When Allah had dealt with the enemy and those who had killed them returned, they said, "The extra share of booty (nafal) belongs to us; we killed the enemy, and through us Allah dispersed and defeated them." Those who had surrounded the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "You are not more entitled to it than we are. It belongs to us; we surrounded the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that the enemy could not catch him unawares." Those who had taken possession of the camp said, "By Allah, you are not more entitled to it than we are; we took possession of the camp." Then Allah ﷻ revealed: {They ask you about the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the Messenger, so fear Allah and set things right among yourselves} [al-Anfal:1] up to His saying {if you are believers} [al-Baqarah:91]. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided it among them without delay.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2608Abu Dawud silent
سَأَلْتُ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ فَقَالَ فِينَا مَعْشَرَ أَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ نَزَلَتْ
✧ I asked 'Ubadah b. al-Samit about the spoils of war (al-anfal). He said: It was revealed concerning us, the people of Badr.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2609No grade recorded
كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ فَخَرَجَتْ سَرِيَّةٌ فَأَخَذُوا إِنْسَانًا مَعَهُ غَنَمٌ يَرْعَاهَا فَجَاءُوا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَلَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ إِنِّي قَدْ آمَنْتُ بِكَ وَبِمَا جِئْتَ بِهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْغَنَمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَإِنَّهَا أَمَانَةٌ وَهِيَ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّاةُ وَالشَّاتَانِ وَأَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ «احْصِبْ وُجُوهَهَا تَرْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا» فَأَخَذَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ حَصْبَاءَ أَوْ تُرَابٍ فَرَمَى بِهَا وُجُوهَهَا فَخَرَجَتْ تَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ كُلُّ شَاةٍ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى الصَّفِّ فَأَصَابَهُ بِهِ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ لِلَّهِ سَجْدَةً قَطُّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَدْخِلُوهُ الْخِبَاءَ» فَأُدْخِلَ خِبَاءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ «لَقَدْ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُ صَاحِبِكُمْ لَقَدْ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّ عِنْدَهُ لَزَوْجَتَيْنِ لَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ»
✧ We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the expedition of Khaybar. A raiding party went out and captured a man who had sheep which he was tending, and brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Prophet ﷺ spoke to him as much as Allah willed him to speak, and the man said to him, "I have believed in you and in what you have brought, but what about the sheep, O Messenger of Allah? They are a trust, and they belong to the people—a ewe or two or more than that." He ﷺ said, "Throw pebbles at their faces, and they will return to their owners." So he took a handful of pebbles or dust and threw it at their faces, and they rushed off until every sheep entered upon its owner. Then he advanced to the battle line and an arrow struck him and killed him, although he had never prostrated to Allah even once. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Bring him into the tent." He was brought into the tent of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had finished, he entered upon him and then came out and said, "Your companion's Islam has been excellent. I entered upon him and found with him two wives from among the houris of Paradise."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2610Sahih
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَتَى بِظَبْيَةٍ فِيهَا خَرَزٌ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ فَقَسَمَهَا بَيْنَ الْحُرَّةِ وَالْأَمَةِ سَوَاءً»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought a leather bag containing beads from the booty, and he divided it between free women and slave women equally.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2611Sahih
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَغَانِمِ حَتَّى تُقْسَمَ وَعَنِ الْحَبَالَى أَنْ يُوطَأْنَ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ وَقَالَ «أَتَسْقِي زَرْعَ غَيْرِكَ؟» وَعَنْ أَكْلِ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْإِنْسِيَّةِ وَعَنْ لَحْمِ كُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ
✧ On the day of Khaybar the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling war booty until it has been divided; and he forbade approaching pregnant women until they have given birth to what is in their wombs. He said, "Would you water another's crop?" And he forbade eating the flesh of domestic donkeys and the flesh of every predator with fangs.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2612Sahih
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَغَانِمِ حَتَّى تُقْسَمَ» وَقَدْ رُوِيَ بَعْضُ هَذَا الْمَتْنِ بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيحٍ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ صحيح
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Khaybar forbade selling war booty until it has been divided. Part of this matn has been narrated with a sound chain meeting the criteria of the two shaykhs. Sahih.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2613Sahih
«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ وَعَنِ النِّسَاءِ الْحَبَالَى أَنْ يُوطَأْنَ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ وَعَنْ كُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْخُمُسِ حَتَّى يُقْسَمَ» على شرط البخاري ومسلم
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Khaybar forbade the flesh of domestic donkeys, pregnant women being approached until they have given birth to what is in their wombs, every predator with fangs, and selling the fifth until it has been divided. According to the conditions of al-Bukhari and Muslim.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2614Sahih
لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ أَتَاهُ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّا حُلَفَاؤُكَ وَقَوْمُكَ وَإِنَّهُ لَحِقَ بِكَ أَرِقَاؤُنَا لَيْسَ لَهُمْ رَغْبَةٌ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَإِنَّمَا فَرُّوا مِنَ الْعَمَلِ فَارْدُدْهُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَشَاوَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فِي أَمْرِهِمْ فَقَالَ صَدَقُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لِعُمَرَ «مَا تَرَى؟» فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ لَيَبْعَثَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ رَجُلًا مِنْكُمُ امْتَحَنَ اللَّهُ قَلْبَهُ لِلْإِيمَانِ فَيَضْرِبَ رِقَابَكُمْ عَلَى الدِّينِ» فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» قَالَ عُمَرُ أَنَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَا وَلَكِنَّهُ خَاصِفُ النَّعْلِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ» وَقَدْ كَانَ أَلْقَى نَعْلَهُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ يَخْصِفُهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا إِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ «لَا تَكْذِبُوا عَلَيَّ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَكْذِبْ عَلَيَّ يَلِجِ النَّارَ»
✧ When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ conquered Makkah, some people of Quraysh came to him and said, 'O Muhammad, we are your allies and your people, and some of our slaves have joined you. They have no desire for Islam; they only fled from work, so return them to us.' He consulted Abu Bakr about their matter, and Abu Bakr said, 'They have spoken the truth, O Messenger of Allah.' Then he said to 'Umar, 'What do you think?' 'Umar said the like of Abu Bakr's words. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, 'O company of Quraysh, Allah will surely send upon you a man from among you whose heart Allah has tested for faith, and he will strike your necks for the religion.' Abu Bakr said, 'Is it I, O Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'No.' 'Umar said, 'Is it I, O Messenger of Allah?' He said, 'No, but it is the one mending the sandal in the mosque.' He had given his sandal to 'Ali to mend it. Then he said, 'Indeed, I heard him say: Do not lie about me, for whoever lies about me will enter the Fire.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2615Sahih
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «قَسَمَ لِمِائَتَيْ فَرَسٍ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ سَهْمَيْنِ سَهْمَيْنِ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ gave two shares to two hundred horses on the day of Khaybar.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2616Sahih
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نِعْمَ الْحَيُّ الْأَسَدُ وَالْأَشْعَرِيُّونَ لَا يَفِرُّونَ فِي الْقِتَالِ وَلَا يُخَلُّونَ هُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ» قَالَ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهِ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هُمْ مِنِّي وَإِلَيَّ» فَقُلْتُ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي وَلَكِنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «هُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ» قَالَ فَأَنْتَ إِذًا أَعْلَمُ بِحَدِيثِ أَبِيكَ
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'The best tribe are Asad and the Ash'aris. They do not flee in battle, and they do not betray. They are from me and I am from them.' I related this to Mu'awiyah, and he said, 'It is not like this. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ only said: They are from me and to me.' I said, 'It is not like this. My father narrated to me, but he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: They are from me and I am from them.' He said, 'Then you know better the hadith of your father.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2617Sahih
كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا أَصَابَ غَنِيمَةً أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَنَادَى ثَلَاثًا فَيَرْفَعُ النَّاسُ مَا أَصَابُوا ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ بِهِ فُيُخَمَّسُ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ بِزِمَامٍ مِنْ شَعْرٍ وَقَدْ قُسِمَتِ الْغَنِيمَةُ فَقَالَ لَهُ «هَلْ سَمِعْتَ بِلَالًا يُنَادِي ثَلَاثًا؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ بِهِ؟» فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ «كُنْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تُوَافِيَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَإِنِّي لَنْ أَقْبَلَهُ مِنْكَ»
✧ When the Prophet ﷺ obtained spoils, he would order Bilal to call out three times, and the people would bring whatever they had taken. Then he would order it to be divided into fifths. A man came to him with a halter of hair after the spoils had already been divided, and he said to him, 'Did you hear Bilal calling out three times?' The man said, 'Yes.' He said, 'What prevented you from bringing it?' The man made an excuse, and the Prophet ﷺ said, 'You will be the one to bring it on the Day of Resurrection, for I will never accept it from you.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2618No grade recorded
إِنَّ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَاتَلَ أَهْلَ مَدِينَةٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَادَ أَنْ يَفْتَتِحَهَا خَشِيَ أَنْ تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَيَّتُهَا الشَّمْسُ إِنَّكِ مَأْمُورَةٌ وَأَنَا مَأْمُورٌ بِحُرْمَتِي عَلَيْكِ إِلَّا رَكَدْتِ سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِ قَالَ فَحَبَسَهَا اللَّهُ حَتَّى افْتَتَحَهَا وَكَانُوا إِذَا أَصَابُوا الْغَنَائِمَ قَرَّبُوهَا فِي الْقُرْبَانِ فَجَاءَتِ النَّارُ فَأَكَلَتْهَا فَلَمَّا أَصَابُوا وَضَعُوا الْقُرْبَانَ فَلَمْ تَجِئِ النَّارُ تَأْكُلْهُ فَقَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مَا لَنَا لَا يُقْبَلُ قُرْبَانُنَا؟ قَالَ فِيكُمْ غُلُولٌ قَالُوا وَكَيْفَ لَنَا أَنْ نَعْلَمَ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ الْغُلُولُ؟ قَالَ وَهُمُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ سِبْطًا قَالَ يُبَايِعُنِي رَأْسُ كُلِّ سِبْطٍ مِنْكُمْ فَبَايَعَهُ رَأْسُ كُلِّ سِبْطٍ قَالَ فَلَزِقَتْ كَفُّ النَّبِيِّ بِكَفِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ عِنْدَكَ الْغُلُولُ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ لِي أَنْ أَعْلَمَ عِنْدَ أَيِّ سِبْطٍ هُوَ؟ قَالَ تَدْعُو سِبْطَكَ فَتُبَايِعْهُمْ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا قَالَ فَفَعَلَ فَلَزِقَتْ كَفُّهُ بِكَفِّ رَجُلِ الْغَنَائِمِ فَجَاءَتِ النَّارُ فَأَكَلَتْهُ فَقَالَ كَعْبٌ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ هَكَذَا وَاللَّهِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي فِي التَّوْرَاةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَحَدَّثَكُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَيُّ نَبِيٍّ كَانَ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ كَعْبٌ هُوَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ قَالَ فَحَدَّثَكُمْ أَيُّ قَرْيَةٍ هِيَ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ هِيَ مَدِينَةُ أَرِيحَا
✧ A prophet among the prophets fought against the people of a city until he was about to conquer it, but he feared the sun would set. He said to it, 'O sun, you are commanded and I am commanded. I adjure you by Allah to stand still for a while during the day.' So Allah held it back until he conquered the city. They used to bring the spoils and offer them as a sacrifice, and fire would come and consume it. But when they offered the sacrifice this time, the fire did not come to consume it. They said, 'O Prophet of Allah, why is our sacrifice not accepted?' He said, 'There is embezzlement among you.' They said, 'How can we know who has the embezzlement?' They were twelve tribes. He said, 'Let the head of each tribe pledge allegiance to me.' So the head of each tribe pledged allegiance to him, and the prophet's hand stuck to the hand of one man among them. He said, 'The embezzlement is with you.' The man said, 'How can I know in which tribe it is?' He said, 'Call your tribe and have them pledge allegiance to you one by one.' He did so, and his hand stuck to the hand of the man who had the spoils. Then the fire came and consumed it. Ka'b said, 'Allah and His Messenger spoke the truth. Thus, by Allah, it is in the Book of Allah, meaning in the Torah.' Then he said, 'O Abu Hurairah, did the Prophet ﷺ tell you which prophet it was?' He said, 'No.' Ka'b said, 'It was Yusha' b. Nun.' Then he said, 'Did he tell you which city it was?' He said, 'No.' Ka'b said, 'It was the city of Ariha.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2619Sahih
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي الْأُسَارَى يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ «إِنَّ شِئْتُمْ قَتَلْتُمُوهُمْ وَإِنَّ شِئْتُمْ فَادَيْتُمُوهُمْ وَاسْتَمَعْتُمْ بِالْفِدَاءِ وَاسْتُشْهِدَ مِنْكُمْ بِعِدَّتِهِمْ فَكَانَ آخِرَ السَّبْعِينَ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ اسْتُشْهِدَ بِالْيَمَامَةَ»
✧ The Prophet ﷺ said concerning the captives on the day of Badr, 'If you wish, you may kill them, and if you wish, you may ransom them and enjoy the ransom, and a number of you equal to them will be martyred.' The last of the seventy was Thabit b. Qays, who was martyred at al-Yamamah.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2620Sahih
جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فِي فِدَاءِ أُسَارَى أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَرْبَعَ مِائَةٍ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ set the ransom for the captives of the people of the Jahiliyyah at four hundred.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2621Sahih
كَانَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْأُسَارَى يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِدَاءٌ «فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِدَاءَهُمْ أَنْ يُعَلِّمُوا أَوْلَادَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْكِتَابَةَ» قَالَ فَجَاءَ غُلَامٌ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَى أَبِيهِ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ ضَرَبَنِي مُعَلِّمِي قَالَ الْخَبِيثُ يَطْلُبُ بِدَخْلِ بَدْرٍ وَاللَّهِ لَا تَأْتِيهِ أَبَدًا
✧ Some of the captives on the day of Badr had no ransom, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made their ransom that they teach the children of the Ansar writing. A boy from the children of the Ansar came to his father, who said, 'What is the matter with you?' He said, 'My teacher beat me.' He said, 'The wicked one seeks the blood-price of Badr! By Allah, you shall never go to him again.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2622Sahih
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا جَاءَهُ فَيْءٌ قَسَّمَهُ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ فَأَعْطَى الْآهِلَ حَظَّيْنِ وَالْعَزَبَ حَظًّا»
✧ When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ received fay', he would distribute it the same day, giving the married man two shares and the unmarried man one share.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2623Sahih
دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَالْأَشْتَرُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ فَقُلْتُ هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَهْدًا دُونَ الْعَامَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَّا هَذَا وَأَخْرَجَ مِنْ قِرَابِ سَيْفِهِ فَإِذَا فِيهَا «الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ لَا يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ»
✧ I and al-Ashtar entered upon 'Ali b. Abi Talib on the day of the Camel, and I said, 'Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ give you any covenant apart from the general one?' He said, 'No, except this.' He took out from his sword's sheath a document, and in it was: 'The believers' blood is equal, and the lowest of them may give protection on their behalf, and they are one hand against others. A believer is not to be killed for a disbeliever, nor one who has a covenant while his covenant stands.'
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2624No grade recorded
«يُجِيرُ عَلَى أُمَّتِي أَدْنَاهُمْ»
✧ That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "He grants refuge to the weakest among my ummah."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2625No grade recorded
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الْمُسْلِمُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمُ» الْحَدِيثُ
✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'The blood of the Muslims is equal...' and the rest of the hadith.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2626Sahih
«ذِمَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَاحِدَةٌ فَإِنْ جَازَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ جَائِزَةٌ فَلَا تَخْفِرُوهَا فَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ غَادِرٍ لِوَاءً يُعْرَفُ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»
✧ The protection of the Muslims is one. If the lowest of them grants protection, do not violate it, for every treacherous one will have a banner by which he will be known on the Day of Resurrection.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2627Sahih
«لَا تُسَاكِنُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَا تُجَامِعُوهُمْ فَمَنْ سَاكَنَهُمْ أَوْ جَامَعَهُمْ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا»
✧ "On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ, he said: 'Do not reside with the polytheists nor engage in intimate relations with them, for whoever resides with them or engages in intimate relations with them is not of us.'"
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2628Sahih
كَانَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ ارْتَدَّ فَلَحِقَ بِالْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ نَدِمَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ أَنْ سَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَلْ لِي مِنْ تَوْبَةٍ؟ قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ {كَيْفَ يَهْدِي اللَّهُ قَوْمًا كَفَرُوا بَعْدَ إِيمَانِهِمْ} [آل عمران 86] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {إِلَّا الَّذِينَ تَابُوا مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ وَأَصْلَحُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} [آل عمران 89] قَالَ «فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ قَوْمُهُ فَأَسْلَمَ»
✧ There was a man from the Ansar who accepted Islam, then apostatized and joined the polytheists. Then he regretted it and sent word to his people: Ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ if there is any repentance for me. He said: Then the verses were revealed: {How shall Allah guide a people who disbelieved after their belief} [Al 'Imran 86] up to His saying: {Except for those who repent after that and correct themselves, for indeed Allah is Forgiving and Merciful} [Al 'Imran 89]. He said: "So his people sent word to him, and he accepted Islam."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2629Sahih
كَانَ إِذَا خَافَ قَوْمًا قَالَ «اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَجْعَلُكَ فِي نُحُورِهِمْ وَنَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شُرُورِهِمْ»
✧ When he feared a people, he would say: "O Allah, we place You before their throats, and we seek refuge in You from their evils."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2630Sahih
كَانَ يَدْعُو فَيَقُولُ «اللَّهُمَّ أَمْتِعْنِي بِسَمْعِي وَبَصَرِي وَاجْعَلْهُمَا الْوَارِثَ مِنِّي اللَّهُمَّ انْصُرْنِي عَلَى عَدُوِّي وَأَرِنِي فِيهِ ثَأْرِي»
✧ He would supplicate, saying: "O Allah, let me enjoy my hearing and my sight, and make them my heirs. O Allah, grant me victory over my enemy and show me my vengeance upon him."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2631Sahih
«مَنْ قَتَلَ مُعَاهَدًا فِي غَيْرِ كُنْهِهِ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ»
✧ "Whoever kills a mu'ahad (one with a covenant) without just cause, Allah forbids Paradise to him."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2632Sahih
كَانَ مُسَيْلِمَةُ كَتَبَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَدْ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ طَارِقٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ نُعَيْمِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ نُعَيْمٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لِرَسُولَيْ مُسَيْلِمَةَ حِينَ قَرَأَ كِتَابَ مُسَيْلِمَةَ «مَا تَقُولَانِ أَنْتُمَا؟» قَالَا نَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ قَالَ «أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنَّ الرُّسُلَ لَا تُقْتَلُ لَضَرَبْتُ أَعْنَاقَكُمَا»
✧ Musaylima wrote to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Ibn Ishaq narrated to me from Sa'd b. Tariq al-Ashja'i, from Salama b. Nu'aym b. Mas'ud al-Ashja'i, from his father Nu'aym, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say to the two messengers of Musaylima when he read Musaylima's letter: "What do you two say?" They said: We say as he said. He said: "By Allah, were it not that messengers are not to be killed, I would strike your necks."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2633Sahih
«كُنَّا إِذَا حَمِيَ الْبَأْسُ وَلَقِيَ الْقَوْمُ الْقَوْمَ اتَّقَيْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَا يَكُونُ أَحَدٌ مِنَّا أَدْنَى إِلَى الْقَوْمِ مِنْهُ»
✧ "When the battle grew fierce and the people met the people, we would seek protection by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and none of us would be closer to the enemy than he."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2634Sahih
«غَزْوَةٌ فِي الْبَحْرِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ عَشْرِ غَزَوَاتٍ فِي الْبَرِّ وَمَنْ أَجَازَ الْبَحْرَ فَكَأَنَّمَا أَجَازَ الْأَوْدِيَةَ كُلَّهَا وَالْمَائِدُ فِيهَا كَالْمُتَشَحِّطِ فِي دَمِهِ»
✧ "A military expedition at sea is better than ten expeditions on land. Whoever crosses the sea is as if he crossed all the valleys, and the one who becomes seasick in it is like one who wallows in his blood."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2635Sahih
«رِبَاطُ يَوْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفٍ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ»
✧ "Ribat (guarding the frontier) for one day in the cause of Allah is better than a thousand days elsewhere."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2636No grade recorded
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «رِبَاطُ يَوْمٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَلْفٍ فِيمَا سِوَاهُ هَلْ بَلَّغْتُكُمْ؟» قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ «اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ»
✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "Ribat for one day in the cause of Allah is better than a thousand days elsewhere. Have I conveyed to you?" They said: Yes. He said: "O Allah, bear witness."
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2637No grade recorded
مَنْ مَاتَ عَلَى مَرْتَبَةٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْمَرَاتِبِ بُعِثَ عَلَيْهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ رِبَاطٌ أَوْ حَجٌّ أَوْ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ
✧ Whoever dies upon one of these stations will be resurrected upon it on the Day of Resurrection: ribat, or Hajj, or other than that.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2638Sahih
لَيْسَ فَرَسٌ عَرَبِيٌّ إِلَّا يُؤْذَنُ لَهُ مَعَ كُلِّ فَجْرٍ بِدَعْوَتَيْنِ يَقُولُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ خَوَّلْتَنِي بَنِي آدَمَ فَاجْعَلْنِي أَحَبَّ أَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ إِلَيْهِ
✧ There is no Arabian horse but that it is granted permission at every dawn to make two supplications, saying: O Allah, You have made me a possession of the children of Adam, so make me the most beloved of his family and wealth to him.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2639Sahih
كَانَ يُسَمِّي الْأُنْثَى مِنَ الْخَيْلِ فَرَسًا»
✧ He used to call the female horse a faras (horse).
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2640Sahih
سَعَادَةٌ لِابْنِ آدَمَ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَشَقَاوَةٌ لِابْنِ آدَمَ ثَلَاثَةٌ فَمِنْ سَعَادَةِ ابْنِ آدَمَ الْمَرْأَةُ الصَّالِحَةُ وَالْمَسْكَنُ الصَّالِحُ وَالْمَرْكَبُ الصَّالِحُ وَمِنْ شَقَاوَةِ ابْنِ آدَمَ الْمَسْكَنُ الضَّيِّقُ وَالْمَرْأَةُ السُّوءُ وَالْمَرْكَبُ السُّوءُ
✧ Three are felicity for the son of Adam, and three are misery for the son of Adam. Among the felicity of the son of Adam are: a righteous woman, a good dwelling, and a good mount. Among the misery of the son of Adam are: a cramped dwelling, a bad woman, and a bad mount.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2641No grade recorded
«ابْغُونِي فِي ضُعَفَائِكُمْ فَإِنَّكُمْ إِنَّمَا تُرْزَقُونَ وَتُنْصَرُونَ بِضُعَفَائِكُمْ»
✧ Seek me among your weak ones, for you are only given provision and victory because of your weak ones.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2642No grade recorded
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ بِثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ مِنَ الْمُقَاتِلَةِ كَمَا خَرَجَ طَالُوتُ فَدَعَا لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ «اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ حُفَاةٌ فَاحْمِلْهُمْ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ عُرَاةٌ فَاكْسُهُمْ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ جِيَاعٌ فَأَشْبِعْهُمْ» فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَانْقَلَبُوا وَمَا مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ إِلَّا قَدْ رَجَعَ بِجَمَلٍ أَوْ جَمَلَيْنِ وَاكْتَسَوْا وَشَبِعُوا
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out on the day of Badr with three hundred and fifteen fighting men, just as Talut went out. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ supplicated for them when he went out, saying: "O Allah, they are barefoot, so carry them. O Allah, they are naked, so clothe them. O Allah, they are hungry, so fill them." Then Allah granted them victory on the day of Badr, and they returned, and there was not a man among them except that he had come back with a camel or two, and they were clothed and filled.
al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 2643No grade recorded
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي مَسِيرٍ لَهُ «إِنَّا مُدْلِجُونَ اللَّيْلَةَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَلَا يَرْحَلَنَّ مَعَنَا مُضْعِفٌ وَلَا مُصْعَبٌ» فَارْتَحَلَ رَجُلٌ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ صَعْبَةٌ فَسَقَطَ فَانْدَقَّتْ عُنُقُهُ فَمَاتَ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُدْفَنَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَنَادَى «إِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ لَا تَحِلُّ لِعَاصٍ»
✧ He said during a journey of his: "We are traveling by night, if Allah Almighty wills, so let no weak one or difficult one travel with us." A man traveled on a difficult camel of his, and it fell and broke his neck and he died. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered that he be buried, then he ordered Bilal to call out: "Paradise is not lawful for a disobedient person."