14. Commercial Transactions
الْحَلاَلُ بَيِّنٌ وَالْحَرَامُ بَيِّنٌ وَبَيْنَ ذَلِكَ أُمُورٌ مُشْتَبِهَاتٌ لاَ يَدْرِي كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَمِنَ الْحَلاَلِ هِيَ أَمْ مِنَ الْحَرَامِ فَمَنْ تَرَكَهَا اسْتِبْرَاءً لِدِينِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ فَقَدْ سَلِمَ وَمَنْ وَاقَعَ شَيْئًا مِنْهَا يُوشِكُ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَ الْحَرَامَ كَمَا أَنَّهُ مَنْ يَرْعَى حَوْلَ الْحِمَى يُوشِكُ أَنْ يُوَاقِعَهُ أَلاَ وَإِنَّ لِكُلِّ مَلِكٍ حِمًى أَلاَ وَإِنَّ حِمَى اللَّهِ مَحَارِمُهُ
"The lawful is clear and the unlawful is clear, and between that are matters that are doubtful (not clear); many of the people do not know whether it is lawful or unlawful. So whoever leaves it to protect his religion and his honor, then he will be safe, and whoever falls into something from them, then he soon will have fallen into the unlawful. Just like if someone grazes (his animals) around a sanctuary, he would soon wind up in it. Indeed for every king is a sanctuary (pasture), and indeed Allah's sanctuary is what He made unlawful."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1205bNo grade recorded
حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ
This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, it has been reported by more than one from Ash-Sha'bi, from An-Nu'man bin Bashir.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1206Hasan or sahih
لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ آكِلَ الرِّبَا وَمُوكِلَهُ وَشَاهِدَيْهِ وَكَاتِبَهُ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed the one who consumed Riba, and the one who charged it, those who witnessed it, and the one who recorded it." He said: There are narrations on this topic from 'Umar, 'Ali, Jabir [and Abu Juhaifah]. The Hadith of 'Abdullah (bin Mas'ud) is a Hasan Sahih Hadith.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1207Hasan or sahih
فِي الْكَبَائِرِ قَالَ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ وَقَوْلُ الزُّورِ
"Associating partners with Allah, disobeying parents, killing oneself, and false speech." He said: There are narrations on this topic from Abu Bakrah, Ayman bin Khuraim, and Ibn 'Umar Abu 'Eisa said: The Hadith of Anas is a Hasan Sahih Gharib Hadith.
خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ نُسَمَّى السَّمَاسِرَةَ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ وَالإِثْمَ يَحْضُرَانِ الْبَيْعَ فَشُوبُوا بَيْعَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ
"The Messenger of Allah (S) came to us, and we were what was called 'brokers,' he said: 'O people of trade! Indeed the Shaitan and sin are present in the sale, so mix your sales with charity.'" He said: There are narrations on this topic from Al-Bara' bin 'Azib and Rifa'ah.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1208bNo grade recorded
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ
] This Hadith is Sahih.
التَّاجِرُ الصَّدُوقُ الأَمِينُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ
"The truthful, trustworthy merchant is with the Prophets, the truthful, and the martyrs."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1209bNo grade recorded
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ
(Another chain) from Abu Hamzah, with this chain of narration, and it is similar.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1210Graders disagree
أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى فَرَأَى النَّاسَ يَتَبَايَعُونَ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ التُّجَّارِ فَاسْتَجَابُوا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَفَعُوا أَعْنَاقَهُمْ وَأَبْصَارَهُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ التُّجَّارَ يُبْعَثُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فُجَّارًا إِلاَّ مَنِ اتَّقَى اللَّهَ وَبَرَّ وَصَدَقَ
From his father, from his grandfather, that he went with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the Musalla, and he saw the people doing business so he said: 'O people of trade!' and they replied to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turning their necks and their gazes towards him, and he said: Indeed the merchants will be resurrected on the Day of judgement with the wicked, except the one who has Taqwa of Allah, who behaves charitably and is truthful.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1211Hasan or sahih
ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يَنْظُرُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلاَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ قُلْتُ مَنْ هُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ خَابُوا وَخَسِرُوا فَقَالَ الْمَنَّانُ وَالْمُسْبِلُ إِزَارَهُ وَالْمُنْفِقُ سِلْعَتَهُ بِالْحَلِفِ الْكَاذِبِ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "There are three whom Allah will not look at on the Day of Judgement, nor will He purify them, and theirs is a painful punishment." We said: "Who are they O Messenger of Allah ? For they have indeed failed and are lost!" He sai: "The Mannan, the one whose Izar hangs (below the ankels) and the one who promotes his merchandise with false oath." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn Mas'ud, Abu Hurairah, Abu Umamah bin Tha'labah, 'Imran bin Husain, and Ma'qil bin Yasar
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1212Hasan or sahih
اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لأُمَّتِي فِي بُكُورِهَا قَالَ وَكَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً أَوْ جَيْشًا بَعَثَهُمْ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ
From Shakr Al-Ghamidi that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "O Allah bless my Ummah in what they do early (in the day)." He said: "Whenever he ﷺ would dispatch a military expedition or an army, he would send them in the first part of the day." And Sakhr, a man who was a merchant, used to send his goods for trade during the beginning of the day, so he became rich, and his wealth increased. [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Ali, Buraidah, Ibn Mas'ud, Anas, Ibn 'Umar, Ibn 'Abbas, and Jabir.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1213Hasan or sahih
كَانَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَوْبَانِ قِطْرِيَّانِ غَلِيظَانِ فَكَانَ إِذَا قَعَدَ فَعَرِقَ ثَقُلاَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَدِمَ بَزٌّ مِنَ الشَّامِ لِفُلاَنٍ الْيَهُودِيِّ فَقُلْتُ لَوْ بَعَثْتَ إِلَيْهِ فَاشْتَرَيْتَ مِنْهُ ثَوْبَيْنِ إِلَى الْمَيْسَرَةِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ مَا يُرِيدُ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ بِمَالِي أَوْ بِدَرَاهِمِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَذَبَ قَدْ عَلِمَ أَنِّي مِنْ أَتْقَاهُمْ لِلَّهِ وَآدَاهُمْ لِلأَمَانَةِ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was wearing two thick Qitri garments on. When he would sit, he would sweat since they were so heavy for him. Some clothes arrived from Ash-Sham for so-and-so, the Jew. I said: 'Perhaps you could dispatch a request to him to buy some garments (on credit) from him until it is easy (to pay). So he sent a message to him and he said: 'I know what he wants. He only wants to take away my wealth' or 'my Dirham.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'He has lied, indeed he knows that I am the one with the most Taqwa among them, and the best at fulfilling trusts among them.'" [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas, Anas, and Asma' bint Yazid.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1214Hasan or sahih
تُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَدِرْعُهُ مَرْهُونَةٌ بِعِشْرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ أَخَذَهُ لأَهْلِهِ
"The Prophet ﷺ died while his armour was pawned for twenty Sa' of food that he got for his family."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1215Hasan or sahih
مَشَيْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِخُبْزِ شَعِيرٍ وَإِهَالَةٍ سَنِخَةٍ وَلَقَدْ رُهِنَ لَهُ دِرْعٌ عِنْدَ يَهُودِيٍّ بِعِشْرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ أَخَذَهُ لأَهْلِهِ وَلَقَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ يَقُولُ مَا أَمْسَى فِي آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ صَاعُ تَمْرٍ وَلاَ صَاعُ حَبٍّ وَإِنَّ عِنْدَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَتِسْعُ نِسْوَةٍ
I walked to the Prophet ﷺ with some barley bread that has some rancid oil poured over it. The Prophet ﷺ had pawned his armour with a Jew for twenty Sa' of food that he got for his family. That day (he pawned it), I heard him saying: 'Not for one evening has the household of Muhammad had a Sa' of dates or a Sa' of grain.' And on that day he had nine wives."
أَلاَ أُقْرِئُكَ كِتَابًا كَتَبَهُ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ قُلْتُ بَلَى فَأَخْرَجَ لِي كِتَابًا هَذَا مَا اشْتَرَى الْعَدَّاءُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ هَوْذَةَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ اشْتَرَى مِنْهُ عَبْدًا أَوْ أَمَةً لاَ دَاءَ وَلاَ غَائِلَةَ وَلاَ خِبْثَةَ بَيْعَ الْمُسْلِمِ الْمُسْلِمَ
"Abdul Majid bin Wahb narrated to us, he said: 'Al-'Adda' bin Khalid bin Hawdhah said to me: "Shall I not read to you a letter that was written for me from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?'" He said: 'I said: "Of course." So he took out a letter for me: "This is what Al-'Adda' bin Khalid bin Hawdhah purchased from Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: He purchased from him a slave' - or - 'a female slave, having no ailments, nor being a runaway, nor having any malicious behavior. Sold by a Muslim to a Muslim.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1217Graders disagree
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لأَصْحَابِ الْمِكْيَالِ وَالْمِيزَانِ إِنَّكُمْ قَدْ وُلِّيتُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ هَلَكَتْ فِيهِ الأُمَمُ السَّالِفَةُ قَبْلَكُمْ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to the people of weights and measures: "Indeed you have been entrusted with two matters that nations preceding you in the past were destroyed for."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1218Graders disagree
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَاعَ حِلْسًا وَقَدَحًا وَقَالَ مَنْ يَشْتَرِي هَذَا الْحِلْسَ وَالْقَدَحَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَخَذْتُهُمَا بِدِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَنْ يَزِيدُ عَلَى دِرْهَمٍ مَنْ يَزِيدُ عَلَى دِرْهَمٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ رَجُلٌ دِرْهَمَيْنِ فَبَاعَهُمَا مِنْهُ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sold a saddle blanket and a drinking bowl. He ﷺ said: "Who will buy saddle blanket and drinking bowl ?". So a man said: "I will take them for a Dirham." So the Prophet ﷺ said: "Who will give more than a Dirham ? Who will give more that a Dirham ?" A man agreed to give him two Dirham, so he sold them to him.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1219Hasan or sahih
أَنَّ رَجُلاً مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ دَبَّرَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ فَمَاتَ وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ مَالاً غَيْرَهُ فَبَاعَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ النَّحَّامِ قَالَ جَابِرٌ عَبْدًا قِبْطِيًّا مَاتَ عَامَ الأَوَّلِ فِي إِمَارَةِ ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ
"A man among the Ansar decided to free a slave of his after his death. He died but he left no wealth behind beside the slave. So the Prophet ﷺ sold him and Nu'aim [bin 'Abdullah] bin An-Nah-ham bought him." Jabir said: "He was Coptic slave who died during the first year of the leadership of Ibn Az-Zubair."
نَهَى عَنْ تَلَقِّي الْبُيُوعِ
From the Prophet ﷺ: "He prohibited meeting the owners of the goods." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Ali, Ibn 'Abbas, Abu Hurairah, Abu Sa'eed, Ibn 'Umar, and a man from the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1221Hasan or sahih
نَهَى أَنْ يُتَلَقَّى الْجَلَبُ فَإِنْ تَلَقَّاهُ إِنْسَانٌ فَابْتَاعَهُ فَصَاحِبُ السِّلْعَةِ فِيهَا بِالْخِيَارِ إِذَا وَرَدَ السُّوقَ
"The Prophet ﷺ prohibited meeting the goods being brought (to the market). If someone were to meet them and buy them, then the owner of the goods retains the option when he reaches the market."
لاَ يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The dweller of the town is not to sell for the Bedouin." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Talhah, Jabir, Anas, Ibn 'Abbas, Hakim bin Abi Yazid from his father, 'Amr bin 'Awf Al-Muzani the grandfather of Kathir bin 'Abdullah, and a man from the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1223Hasan or sahih
لاَ يَبِيعُ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ دَعُوا النَّاسَ يَرْزُقُ اللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The dweller of the town is not to sell for the Bedouin, leave the people ; Allah provides for some of them through others."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1224Hasan or sahih
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited Muhaqalah and Muzabanah. [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, Ibn 'Abbas, Zaid bin Thabit, Sa'd, Jabir, Rafi' bin Khadij, and Abu Sa'eed.
أَنَّ زَيْدًا أَبَا عَيَّاشٍ سَأَلَ سَعْدًا عَنِ الْبَيْضَاءِ بِالسُّلْتِ فَقَالَ أَيُّهُمَا أَفْضَلُ قَالَ الْبَيْضَاءُ فَنَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ سَعْدٌ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُسْأَلُ عَنِ اشْتِرَاءِ التَّمْرِ بِالرُّطَبِ فَقَالَ لِمَنْ حَوْلَهُ أَيَنْقُصُ الرُّطَبُ إِذَا يَبِسَ قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَنَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ
"Zaid, Abu Ayyash asked Sa'd regarding white wheat in exchange for barley: which of them was better ? He said the white, then he forbade that. Sa'd said: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being asked about selling dried dates for ripe dates and he said to those present: "Will the fresh dates shrink when they are dry ?" They said yes, so he forbade that.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1225bNo grade recorded
سَأَلْنَا سَعْدًا فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ
] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, and this is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. It is the view of Ash-Shafi'i and our companions.
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ النَّخْلِ حَتَّى يَزْهُوَ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited selling date-palms until they have blossomed."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1227Hasan or sahih
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ السُّنْبُلِ حَتَّى يَبْيَضَّ وَيَأْمَنَ الْعَاهَةَ نَهَى الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ
"The Prophet ﷺ prohibited selling ears (of grain) until they have whitened (shown their kernals) and are safe from blight, he forbade it for the seller and the buyer." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Anas, Ibn 'Abbas, Jabir, Abu Sa'eed, and Zaid bin Thabit.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1228Graders disagree
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ حَتَّى يَسْوَدَّ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَبِّ حَتَّى يَشْتَدَّ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited selling grapes until they appear and selling grains until they become firm."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1229Hasan or sahih
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ
"The Prophet ﷺ prohibited the sale of Habalil-Habalah." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas and Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1230Hasan or sahih
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْغَرَرِ وَبَيْعِ الْحَصَاةِ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the Gharar sale, and the Hasah sale." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, Ibn 'Abbas, Abu Sa'eed, and Anas.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1231Hasan or sahih
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited two sales in one." There are narrations on this topic from 'Abdullah bin 'Amr, Ibn 'Umar, and Ibn Mas'ud. [Abu Eisa said:] The Hadith of Abu Hurairah is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge. Some of the people of knowledge have explained it by saying that two sales in one is when one says: "I will sell you this garment for ten in cash, and twenty on credit." He does not distinguish between either of the two sales. But when he distinguishes it as being one of them, then there is no harm when one of them is agreed upon. Ash-Shafi'i said: "Included in the meaning of what the Prophet ﷺ prohibited of regarding two sales in one, is if one said: 'I will sell you the house of mine for that (price), upon the condition that you sell me you alve for this (price). When I get the slave, then you get the house.' In this way the sales are distinguished without the prices being known, and neither of them knows what will happen at the conclusion of it (the agreement)."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1232Hasan or sahih
أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَأْتِينِي الرَّجُلُ يَسْأَلُنِي مِنَ الْبَيْعِ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدِي أَبْتَاعُ لَهُ مِنَ السُّوقِ ثُمَّ أَبِيعُهُ قَالَ لاَ تَبِعْ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ
"I asked Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I said: 'A man came to me asking to buy something that I did not have. Can I buy it from the market for him and then give it to him?' He said: 'Do not sell what is not with you.'" He said: There are narrations on this topic from 'Abdullah bin 'Umar.
نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَبِيعَ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدِي
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited me from selling what was not with me."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1234Hasan or sahih
لاَ يَحِلُّ سَلَفٌ وَبَيْعٌ وَلاَ شَرْطَانِ فِي بَيْعٍ وَلاَ رِبْحُ مَا لَمْ يُضْمَنْ وَلاَ بَيْعُ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ
'Amr bin Shu'aib narrated to us, saying: My father narrated to me from his father' until he mentioned 'Abdullah bin 'Amr: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'It is not lawful to lend and sell, nor two conditions in a sale, nor to profit from what is not possessed, nor to sell what one does not have.'"
نَهَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَبِيعَ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدِي
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited me from selling what was not with me."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1236Hasan or sahih
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْوَلاَءِ وَهِبَتِهِ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited selling the Wala' and conferring it."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1237Hasan or sahih
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْحَيَوَانِ بِالْحَيَوَانِ نَسِيئَةً
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited bartering animals on credit." He said: There are narration on this topic from Ibn 'Abbas, Jabir, Ibn 'Umar.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1238Graders disagree
الْحَيَوَانُ اثْنَانِ بِوَاحِدٍ لاَ يَصْلُحُ نَسِيئًا وَلاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ يَدًا بِيَدٍ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Animals [two for one] are not proper on credit, and there is no harm in a hand to hand (exchange)." The Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1239Hasan or sahih
جَاءَ عَبْدٌ فَبَايَعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ وَلاَ يَشْعُرُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ عَبْدٌ فَجَاءَ سَيِّدُهُ يُرِيدُهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِعْنِيهِ فَاشْتَرَاهُ بِعَبْدَيْنِ أَسْوَدَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يُبَايِعْ أَحَدًا بَعْدُ حَتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ أَعَبْدٌ هُوَ
"A slave came to give the pledge to the Prophet ﷺ for Hijrah, but the Prophet ﷺ did not realize that he was a slave. So his master came to get him and the Prophet ﷺ said: 'Sell him to me.' So he purchased him for two black slaves. Then he would not pledge from anyone until he asked him if he was a slave." [He said:] There is something on this topic from Anas.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1240Hasan or sahih
الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ وَالْمِلْحُ بِالْمِلْحِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ فَمَنْ زَادَ أَوِ ازْدَادَ فَقَدْ أَرْبَى بِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالْفِضَّةِ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ وَبِيعُوا الْبُرَّ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ وَبِيعُوا الشَّعِيرَ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْفَ شِئْتُمْ يَدًا بِيَدٍ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Gold for gold, kind for kind; silver for silver, kind for kind; dried-dates for dried-dates, kind for kind; wheat for wheat, kind for kind; salt for salt, kind for kind; and barley for barley, kind for kind. Whoever increases or seeks an increase, then he dealt with Riba. Sell gold for silver as you wish, hand to hand; and sell wheat for dried-dates as you wish, hand to hand; and sell barley for dried-dates as you wish, hand to hand." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Sa'eed, Abu Hurairah, Bilal, And Anas.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1241Hasan or sahih
لاَ تَبِيعُوا الذَّهَبَ بِالذَّهَبِ إِلاَّ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ وَالْفِضَّةَ بِالْفِضَّةِ إِلاَّ مِثْلاً بِمِثْلٍ لاَ يُشَفُّ بَعْضُهُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَلاَ تَبِيعُوا مِنْهُ غَائِبًا بِنَاجِزٍ
"Ibn 'Umar and I went to Abu Sa'eed and he narrated to us: 'the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said - and I heard him with these [two] ears: "Do not sell gold for gold except kind for kind, nor sliver for silver except kind for kind, do not exchange more of one than the other, and do not sell what is not present from them for what is present."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1242Graders disagree
كُنْتُ أَبِيعُ الإِبِلَ بِالْبَقِيعِ فَأَبِيعُ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ فَآخُذُ مَكَانَهَا الْوَرِقَ وَأَبِيعُ بِالْوَرِقِ فَآخُذُ مَكَانَهَا الدَّنَانِيرَ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَوَجَدْتُهُ خَارِجًا مِنْ بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لاَ بَأْسَ بِهِ بِالْقِيمَةِ
"I would sell camels at Al-Baqi', so I would sell them for Dinar but take in place of them Dirham, and, I would sell for silver and take Dinar in its place. So I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and found him leaving the house of Hafsah. I asked him about that and he said: 'There is no harm in that when it (equals) the price.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1243Hasan or sahih
أَقْبَلْتُ أَقُولُ مَنْ يَصْطَرِفُ الدَّرَاهِمَ فَقَالَ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ عِنْدَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَرِنَا ذَهَبَكَ ثُمَّ ائْتِنَا إِذَا جَاءَ خَادِمُنَا نُعْطِكَ وَرِقَكَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ كَلاَّ وَاللَّهِ لَتُعْطِيَنَّهُ وَرِقَهُ أَوْ لَتَرُدَّنَّ إِلَيْهِ ذَهَبَهُ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْوَرِقُ بِالذَّهَبِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ
From Malik bin Aws bin Hadathan that he said: "I once said: 'Who can change some Dirham?' So Talhah bin 'Ubaidullah - and he was with 'Umar bin Al-Khattab - said: "Leave your gold with us, then return to us when our servant comes and we will give you your silver." 'Umar bin Al-Khattab said: "No! By Allah! Either give him his silver or return his gold to him. Indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Silver for gold is Riba, except for hand to hand; and wheat for wheat is Riba except for hand to hand; and barley for barley is Riba except hand to hand; and dried-dates for dried-dates is Riba except for hand to hand.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1244Hasan or sahih
مَنِ ابْتَاعَ نَخْلاً بَعْدَ أَنْ تُؤَبَّرَ فَثَمَرَتُهَا لِلَّذِي بَاعَهَا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ وَمَنِ ابْتَاعَ عَبْدًا وَلَهُ مَالٌ فَمَالُهُ لِلَّذِي بَاعَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ
From his father that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Whoever purchases a date-palm after it has been pollinated then its fruits are for the one who sold it, unless the buyer made it a condition. And whoever purchases slave who has property, then his property is for the one who sold him, unless the buyer made it a condition." [He said:] There is something on this topic from Jabir. The Hadith of Ibn 'Umar is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. Similarly, it has been reported by more than one route from Az-Zuhri, from Salim, from Ibn 'Umar, that the Prophet ﷺ "Whoever purchases a date-palm after it has been pollinated, then its fruits are for seller, unless the buyer made it a condition. And whoever purchases a slave who has property, then his property is for the seller, unless the buyer made it a condition." And it has been reported from Nafi', from Ibn 'Umar, that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever purchases a date-palm that has been pollinated, then its fruits are for the seller, unless the buyer made it a condition." It has been reported from Nafi', from Ibn 'Umar, from 'Umar, that he ﷺ said: "Whoever sold a slave who has property, his property is for the seller, unless the buyer made it a condition." This is how the two Ahadith were reported by 'Ubaidullah bin 'Umar and others from Nafi'. Some of them have also reported this Hadith from Nafi', from Ibn 'Umar, from the Prophet ﷺ. 'Ikrimah bin Khalid reported similar to the Hadith of Salim, from Ibn 'Umar, from the Prophet ﷺ. This Hadith is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge. It is the view of Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. Muhammad bin Isma'il said: "The Hadith of Az-Zuhri from Salim, from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ is the most correct [of what has been reported on this topic]."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1245Hasan or sahih
الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا أَوْ يَخْتَارَا
From Ibn 'Umar, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Both the buyer and the seller retain the option as long as they have not separated or they give each other than option." He (Nafi') said: "So when Ibn 'Umar purchased something while he was sitting, he would stand to complete the sale."
الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيَّنَا بُورِكَ لَهُمَا فِي بَيْعِهِمَا وَإِنْ كَتَمَا وَكَذَبَا مُحِقَتْ بَرَكَةُ بَيْعِهِمَا
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Both the buyer and the seller retain the option as long as they have not separated. If they spoke the truth and clarified (any defects or conditions), then they would be blessed in their sale, and if they hid something and lied then their sale would be deprived of blessings." And this is a Sahih Hadith. This is how it was reported from Abu Barzah Al-Aslami, that two men came disputing to him after the sale of a horse, and they were on a ship, so he said: "I did not see the two of your separate, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'The buyer and the seller retain the choice as long as they did not separate.'" Some of the people of knowledge, among the people of Al-Kufah and others, held the view that the separation refers to speech. This is the saying of [Sufyan] Ath-Thawri. This has been reported from Malik bin Anas, and it has been reported from Ibn al-Mubarak that he said: "How could this be refuted ?" And the Hadith about it from the Prophet ﷺ is Sahih, and it strenghtens this view. And the meaning of the saying of the Prophet ﷺ: "Except for the optional sale" is, that (while they are still together) the seller gives the buyer the option to cancel after the conclusion of the sale. If he chooses to agree to the sale, then he does not have the choice to cancel the sale after then, even if they did not separate. This is how Ash-Shafi'i and others explained it. And what strenghtens the view of those who said that the separation refers to them parting, (and) it does not refer to speech, is the (following) Hadith of 'Abdullah bin 'Amr from the Prophet ﷺ.
الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا إِلاَّ أَنْ تَكُونَ صَفْقَةَ خِيَارٍ وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يُفَارِقَ صَاحِبَهُ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَسْتَقِيلَهُ
From his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Both the buyer and the seller retain the option as long as they did not separate, unless they agreed to making it optional. And it is not lawful for him to separate from his companion, fearing that he will change his mind."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1248Hasan or sahih
لاَ يَتَفَرَّقَنَّ عَنْ بَيْعٍ إِلاَّ عَنْ تَرَاضٍ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "They (the two) are not separate from a sale except in agreement.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1249Graders disagree
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَيَّرَ أَعْرَابِيًّا بَعْدَ الْبَيْعِ
"The Prophet ﷺ gave a Bedouin the option after a sale." This Hadith is Hasan Gharib.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1250Hasan or sahih
أَنَّ رَجُلاً كَانَ فِي عُقْدَتِهِ ضَعْفٌ وَكَانَ يُبَايِعُ وَأَنَّ أَهْلَهُ أَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ احْجُرْ عَلَيْهِ فَدَعَاهُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَنَهَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لاَ أَصْبِرُ عَنِ الْبَيْعِ فَقَالَ إِذَا بَايَعْتَ فَقُلْ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ وَلاَ خِلاَبَةَ
That there was a man who was not very sensible and he would make purchases. So his family came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "O Messenger of Allah! Stop him (from making purchases)." So Allah's Prophet ﷺ called him to prohibit him, and he said: "O Messenger of Allah! I have no patience for business." So he said: "When you are buying, say: 'Hand to hand, and no cheating.'"
مَنِ اشْتَرَى مُصَرَّاةً فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِذَا حَلَبَهَا إِنْ شَاءَ رَدَّهَا وَرَدَّ مَعَهَا صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever purchased an animal that has not been milked, then he the choice when he milks it, if he wishes he may return it, returning a Sa' of dried dates along with it."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1252Hasan or sahih
مَنِ اشْتَرَى مُصَرَّاةً فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَإِنْ رَدَّهَا رَدَّ مَعَهَا صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ لاَ سَمْرَاءَ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever purchases an animal that has not been milked, then he retains the option for three days. If he returns it, then he is to return with it a Sa' of food, not Samra' "
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1253Hasan or sahih
أَنَّهُ بَاعَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بَعِيرًا وَاشْتَرَطَ ظَهْرَهُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ
That he sold a camel to the Prophet ﷺ and made a condition that he could ride it to (return to) his family.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1254Hasan or sahih
الظَّهْرُ يُرْكَبُ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَلَبَنُ الدَّرِّ يُشْرَبُ إِذَا كَانَ مَرْهُونًا وَعَلَى الَّذِي يَرْكَبُ وَيَشْرَبُ نَفَقَتُهُ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: "A riding animal can be ridden while it is pawned, and a milking animal can be milked while it is pawned, and it is up to the one riding and drinking (the milk) to maintain it."
اشْتَرَيْتُ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ قِلاَدَةً بِاثْنَىْ عَشَرَ دِينَارًا فِيهَا ذَهَبٌ وَخَرَزٌ فَفَصَّلْتُهَا فَوَجَدْتُ فِيهَا أَكْثَرَ مِنِ اثْنَىْ عَشَرَ دِينَارًا فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لاَ تُبَاعُ حَتَّى تُفَصَّلَ
"On the Day of Khaibar I purchased a necklace that contained gold and jewels for twelve Dinar. I separated it and found that it was worth more than twelve Dinar. I mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ and he said: 'Do not sell it until it is separated.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1255bNo grade recorded
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ أَبِي شُجَاعٍ سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ
] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others. They did not think that an embellished (silver-gilded) sword could be sold for Dirham, nor a silver-plated waist-band, or something similar, until it (the silver) was distinguished and separated. This is the view of Ibn al-Mubarak, Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad and Ishaq. Some of the people of knowledge, among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others, permitted that.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1256Hasan or sahih
أَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ فَاشْتَرَطُوا الْوَلاَءَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اشْتَرِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْطَى الثَّمَنَ أَوْ لِمَنْ وَلِيَ النِّعْمَةَ
From 'Aishah that she wanted to purchase Barirah, but they (he owners) made the condition that they would retain the Wala'. So the Prophet ﷺ said: "Buy her, the Wala' is only for the one who gives the price, or for the one who grants the favor." [He said:] There is something on this topic from Ibn 'Umar.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ يَشْتَرِي لَهُ أُضْحِيَّةً بِدِينَارٍ فَاشْتَرَى أُضْحِيَّةً فَأُرْبِحَ فِيهَا دِينَارًا فَاشْتَرَى أُخْرَى مَكَانَهَا فَجَاءَ بِالأُضْحِيَّةِ وَالدِّينَارِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ ضَحِّ بِالشَّاةِ وَتَصَدَّقْ بِالدِّينَارِ
From Hakim bin Hizam, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Hakim bin Hizam with a Dinar to buy an animal for Udhiyyah (an animal for sacrifice) for him. He purchases an Udhiyyah which he sold and profited a Dinar from, so he purchased another in its place. And he returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with Udhiyyah and the Dinar, so he said: 'The sheep is for sacrifice and Dinar is for charity.'"
دَفَعَ إِلَىَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ دِينَارًا لأَشْتَرِيَ لَهُ شَاةً فَاشْتَرَيْتُ لَهُ شَاتَيْنِ فَبِعْتُ إِحْدَاهُمَا بِدِينَارٍ وَجِئْتُ بِالشَّاةِ وَالدِّينَارِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ لَهُ مَا كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَارَكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ فِي صَفْقَةِ يَمِينِكَ فَكَانَ يَخْرُجُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى كُنَاسَةِ الْكُوفَةِ فَيَرْبَحُ الرِّبْحَ الْعَظِيمَ فَكَانَ مِنْ أَكْثَرِ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ مَالاً
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave me on Dinar to purchase a sheep for him. So I purchased two sheeps for him, and I sold one of them for a Dinar. So I returned with the sheep and the Dinar to the Prophet ﷺ, and I mentioned what had happened and he said: 'May Allah bless you in your business dealings.' After that we went to Kunasah in Al-Kufah, and he made tremendous profits. He was among the wealthiest of the people in Al-Kufah."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1258bNo grade recorded
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا حَبَّانُ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ هُوَ أَخُو حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ خِرِّيتٍ عَنْ أَبِي لَبِيدٍ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ
] Some of the people of knowledge followed this Hadith and stated their view accordingly. This is the view of Ahmad and Ishaq. Some of the people of knowledge did not use this Hadith, among them are Ash-Shafi'i and Sa'eed bin Zaid the brother of Hammad bin Zaid. And Abu Labid's (a narrator) name is Limazah bin Zabbar.
إِذَا أَصَابَ الْمُكَاتَبُ حَدًّا أَوْ مِيرَاثًا وَرِثَ بِحِسَابِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "When the penalty (of blood money) goes to a Mukatab, or an inheritance, then he inherits in accordance with as much as he is freed from it." And the Prophet ﷺ said: "The Mukatab is given the blood-money of a free person in accordance to what he has paid (for his freedom), and that of a slave in accordance to what remains." [He said:] There is something on this from Umm Salamah.
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَخْطُبُ يَقُولُ مَنْ كَاتَبَ عَبْدَهُ عَلَى مِائَةِ أُوقِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّاهَا إِلاَّ عَشْرَ أَوَاقٍ أَوْ قَالَ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ ثُمَّ عَجَزَ فَهُوَ رَقِيقٌ
From his father, from his grandfather that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ delivering a Khutbah in which he said: "Whoever gives a writ of emancipation to his slave, for one hundred Uqiyyah, and he pays it to him less then ten Uqiyah." - or he said: "Ten Dirham" - "then he becomes incapable (of paying the remainder), the he remains a slave."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1261Graders disagree
إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ مُكَاتَبِ إِحْدَاكُنَّ مَا يُؤَدِّي فَلْتَحْتَجِبْ مِنْهُ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When one of you (women) has a Mukatab ho has with him what will fulfill (the Kitabah) then observe Hijab from him."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1262Hasan or sahih
أَيُّمَا امْرِئٍ أَفْلَسَ وَوَجَدَ رَجُلٌ سِلْعَتَهُ عِنْدَهُ بِعَيْنِهَا فَهُوَ أَوْلَى بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِهِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whichever person becomes bankrupt, and a man finds his particular merchandise with him, then he is more deserving of it than others. [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Samurah and Ibn 'Umar.
كَانَ عِنْدَنَا خَمْرٌ لِيَتِيمٍ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتِ الْمَائِدَةُ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْهُ وَقُلْتُ إِنَّهُ لِيَتِيمٍ فَقَالَ أَهْرِيقُوهُ
That Abu Sa'eed said: "We had some wine that belonged to an orphan. When Al-Ma'idah was revealed I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about it, I said: 'It belongs to an orphan.' He said: 'Spill it out.'" [He said:] There is something on this topic from Anas bin Malik.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1264Graders disagree
أَدِّ الأَمَانَةَ إِلَى مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ وَلاَ تَخُنْ مَنْ خَانَكَ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Fulfill the trust for the one who entrusted you, and do not cheat the one who cheated you."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1265Hasan or sahih
سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ الْعَارِيَةُ مُؤَدَّاةٌ وَالزَّعِيمُ غَارِمٌ وَالدَّيْنُ مَقْضِيٌّ
"During the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage, I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying during the Khutbah: "The borrowed is to be returned, and the guarantor is responsible, and the debt is to be repaid."
عَلَى الْيَدِ مَا أَخَذَتْ حَتَّى تُؤَدِّيَ
From Al-Hasan, from Samurah, that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Upon the hand is what it took, until it is returned." Qatadah said: "Then Al-Hasan forgot, so he said: 'It is something you entrusted, he is not liable for it.' " Meaning the borrowed property.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1267Hasan or sahih
لاَ يَحْتَكِرُ إِلاَّ خَاطِئٌ فَقُلْتُ لِسَعِيدٍ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّكَ تَحْتَكِرُ قَالَ وَمَعْمَرٌ قَدْ كَانَ يَحْتَكِرُ
From Sa'eed bin Al-Musayyab, from Ma'mar bin 'Abdullah bin Nadlah who said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'Hoarding is nothing but sin.' So I (Muhammad) said to Sa'eed: "O Abu Muhammad! You hoard?" He said: "And Ma'mar would hoard." It is also been reported that Sa'eed bin Musayyab would hoard oil, (camel) fodder, and the like.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1268Hasan or sahih
لاَ تَسْتَقْبِلُوا السُّوقَ وَلاَ تُحَفِّلُوا وَلاَ يُنَفِّقْ بَعْضُكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not go out to meet the market (caravan), do not leave animals un-milked (to deceive the buyer), nor out-spend one another."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1269Hasan or sahih
مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ وَهُوَ فِيهَا فَاجِرٌ لِيَقْتَطِعَ بِهَا مَالَ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ غَضْبَانُ فَقَالَ الأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فِيَّ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ أَرْضٌ فَجَحَدَنِي فَقَدَّمْتُهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ قُلْتُ لاَ فَقَالَ لِلْيَهُودِيِّ احْلِفْ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِذًا يَحْلِفَ فَيَذْهَبَ بِمَالِي فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى (إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً ) إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever takes a false oath to deprive a Muslim of his wealth, he will meet Allah while He is angry with him." Al-Ash'ath bin Qais said: "It is about me, by Allah! There was a dispute about some land between myself and a man from the Jews who denied my ownership of it, so I took him to the Prophet ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me: 'Do you have any proof ?' I said: 'No'. So he said to Jew: 'Take an oath.' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! If he takes an oath then my property will be gone!' So Allah, Most High revealed: Verily those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's Covenant and their oaths.. until the end of the Ayah."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1270Hasan or sahih
إِذَا اخْتَلَفَ الْبَيِّعَانِ فَالْقَوْلُ قَوْلُ الْبَائِعِ وَالْمُبْتَاعُ بِالْخِيَارِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When the two parties (in a deal) disagree then the seller's statement is taken as valid, and the purchaser retains the option."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1271Hasan or sahih
نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَاءِ
From Iyas bin 'Abd al-Muzani who said: "The Prophet ﷺ prohibited selling water." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Jabir, Buhaisah from her father, Abu Hurairah, 'Aishah, Anas and 'Abdullah bin 'Amr.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1272Hasan or sahih
لاَ يُمْنَعُ فَضْلُ الْمَاءِ لِيُمْنَعَ بِهِ الْكَلأُ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not withhold surplus water so that it is prevented from the pasture."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1273Hasan or sahih
نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ عَسْبِ الْفَحْلِ
"The Prophet ﷺ prohibited studding the stallion." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Hurairah, Anas, and Abu Sa'eed.
أَنَّ رَجُلاً مِنْ كِلاَبٍ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ عَسْبِ الْفَحْلِ فَنَهَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا نُطْرِقُ الْفَحْلَ فَنُكْرَمُ فَرَخَّصَ لَهُ فِي الْكَرَامَةِ
"A man from (the tribe of) Kilab asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about studding a stallion and he prohibited it. So he said: 'O Messenger of Allah! We stud the stallions so that we get honorarium (from the owners of the female horse)!' So he permitted it for honorarium."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1275Hasan or sahih
كَسْبُ الْحَجَّامِ خَبِيثٌ وَمَهْرُ الْبَغِيِّ خَبِيثٌ وَثَمَنُ الْكَلْبِ خَبِيثٌ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The earnings of the cupper is filth, the earnings of the fornicator (from harlotry) is filth, and the price of a dog is filth." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Umar, 'Ali, Ibn Mas'ud, Abu Masu'd, Jabir, Abu Hurairah, Ibn 'Abbas, Ibn 'Umar, and 'Abdullah bin Ja'far.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1276Hasan or sahih
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَمَهْرِ الْبَغِيِّ وَحُلْوَانِ الْكَاهِنِ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the price of a dog, the earnings of the fornicator (from harlotry), and the news of the fortune-teller." This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
أَنَّهُ اسْتَأْذَنَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي إِجَارَةِ الْحَجَّامِ فَنَهَاهُ عَنْهَا فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيَسْتَأْذِنُهُ حَتَّى قَالَ اعْلِفْهُ نَاضِحَكَ وَأَطْعِمْهُ رَقِيقَكَ
From his father, that he sought permission from the Prophet ﷺ to take the wages for cupping and he ﷺ forbade him from it. He continued asking him and seeking his permission until he said: "Use it to give fodder to your water-carrying camels, and to feed your slaves." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Rafi' bin Khadij, Abu Juhaifah, Jabir, and As-Sa'ib bin Yazid.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1278Hasan or sahih
احْتَجَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحَجَمَهُ أَبُو طَيْبَةَ فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِصَاعَيْنِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَكَلَّمَ أَهْلَهُ فَوَضَعُوا عَنْهُ مِنْ خَرَاجِهِ وَقَالَ إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ مَا تَدَاوَيْتُمْ بِهِ الْحِجَامَةُ أَوْ إِنَّ مِنْ أَمْثَلِ دَوَائِكُمُ الْحِجَامَةَ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was cupped. Abu Talhah did the cupping. So he ordered that he be given two Sa' of food, and he spoke to his masters to reduce his taxes. He said: 'The most virtuous of what you treat with is cupping.' Or, he said: 'The best of your treatments is cupping.'" [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Ali, Ibn 'Abbas, and Ibn 'Umar.
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَالسِّنَّوْرِ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the price of the dog and the cat."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1280Graders disagree
نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ أَكْلِ الْهِرِّ وَثَمَنِهِ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited eating the cat and from its price."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1281Graders disagree
نَهَى عَنْ ثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ إِلاَّ كَلْبَ الصَّيْدِ
From Abu Hurairah who said: "The price of a dog was prohibited, except for the hunting dog."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1282Graders disagree
لاَ تَبِيعُوا الْقَيْنَاتِ وَلاَ تَشْتَرُوهُنَّ وَلاَ تُعَلِّمُوهُنَّ وَلاَ خَيْرَ فِي تِجَارَةٍ فِيهِنَّ وَثَمَنُهُنَّ حَرَامٌ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ ( وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْتَرِي لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ) إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Do not sell the (slave) female singers, not purchase them, nor teach them (to sing). And there is no good in trading in them, and their prices are unlawful. It was about the likes of this that this Ayah was revealed: And among mankind is he who purchases idle talk to divert from the way of Allah." [He said:] There is narration about this from 'Umar bin Al-Khattab.
مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْوَالِدَةِ وَوَلَدِهَا فَرَّقَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَحِبَّتِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ
"I narrated heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'Whoever seperates a mother from her child, Allah seperates him and his most beloved on the Day of Judgement.'"
وَهَبَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ غُلاَمَيْنِ أَخَوَيْنِ فَبِعْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا عَلِيُّ مَا فَعَلَ غُلاَمُكَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَقَالَ رُدَّهُ رُدَّهُ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave me two boys who were brothers, so I sold one of them, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me: 'O, 'Ali! What happened to your boy?' So I informed him, and he said: 'Return him, return him.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1285Hasan or sahih
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ الْخَرَاجَ بِالضَّمَانِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ judged: "The produce is for the responsible one."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ الْخَرَاجَ بِالضَّمَانِ
"The Prophet ﷺ judged that the produce is produce is for the responsible one." [He said:] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih, Gharib as a Hadith of Hisham bin 'Urwah (a narrator).
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1287Graders disagree
مَنْ دَخَلَ حَائِطًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ وَلاَ يَتَّخِذْ خُبْنَةً
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever enters an orchard then let him eat, but not take any in his garment." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from 'Abdullah bin 'Amr, 'Abbad bin Shurahbil, Rafi' bin 'Amr, 'Umair the freed slave of Abi Al-Lahm, and Abu Hurairah.
كُنْتُ أَرْمِي نَخْلَ الأَنْصَارِ فَأَخَذُونِي فَذَهَبُوا بِي إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَافِعُ لِمَ تَرْمِي نَخْلَهُمْ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الْجُوعُ قَالَ لاَ تَرْمِ وَكُلْ مَا وَقَعَ أَشْبَعَكَ اللَّهُ وَأَرْوَاكَ
"I was throwing stones at a date-palm belonging to some of the Ansar. They took me along with them to the Prophet ﷺ. He said: "O Rafi'! Why were you throwing stones at their date-palm?'" He said: "I said: 'Out of hunger, O Messenger of Allah! He said: 'Do not throw stones at them, eat what falls. May Allah fill you and quench your thirst.'" This Hadith is Hasan Gharib Sahih.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنِ الثَّمَرِ الْمُعَلَّقِ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَصَابَ مِنْهُ مِنْ ذِي حَاجَةٍ غَيْرَ مُتَّخِذٍ خُبْنَةً فَلاَ شَىْءَ عَلَيْهِ
From his father, from his grandfather, that the Prophet ﷺ was asked about hanging fruits (on the trees), so he said: "Whoever is in need and picks some of it without taking any in his garment, then there is no sin upon him."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1290Hasan or sahih
نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ وَالثُّنْيَا إِلاَّ أَنْ تُعْلَمَ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited Al-Muhaqalah, Al-Muzabanah, Al-Mukhabarah, and making an exception (in a sale) unless it is made known."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1291Hasan or sahih
مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever buys food, then he is not to sell it until he takes possession of it." Ibn 'Abbas said: "All things are considered the same (in this regard)." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Jabir, Ibn 'Umar, and Abu Hurairah.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1292Hasan or sahih
لاَ يَبِيعُ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ وَلاَ يَخْطُبُ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ بَعْضٍ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "None of you is to sell over the sale of others, nor to propose over the proposal of others." [He said:] There are narration on this topic from Abu Hurairah and Samurah.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1293Hasan or sahih
أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنِّي اشْتَرَيْتُ خَمْرًا لأَيْتَامٍ فِي حِجْرِي قَالَ أَهْرِقِ الْخَمْرَ وَاكْسِرِ الدِّنَانَ
From Abu Talhah that he said: "O Prophet of Allah! I had purchased some wine for the orphans under my care. He said: 'Spill out the wine, and break the jugs.'" [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Jabir, 'Aishah, Abu Sa'eed, Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Umar, and Anas.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1294Hasan or sahih
سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَيُتَّخَذُ الْخَمْرُ خَلاًّ قَالَ لاَ
"I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ 'Can wine be used for vinegar?' He said: 'No'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1295Hasan or sahih
لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْخَمْرِ عَشَرَةً عَاصِرَهَا وَمُعْتَصِرَهَا وَشَارِبَهَا وَحَامِلَهَا وَالْمَحْمُولَةَ إِلَيْهِ وَسَاقِيَهَا وَبَائِعَهَا وَآكِلَ ثَمَنِهَا وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ لَهَا وَالْمُشْتَرَاةَ لَهُ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed ten involved in wine: The one who presses it, the one who has it pressed, its drinker, its carrier, and the one it is carried to, its server, its seller, the consumption of its price, the one who purchases it and the one it was purchased for."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1296Graders disagree
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَتَى أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى مَاشِيَةٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهَا صَاحِبُهَا فَلْيَسْتَأْذِنْهُ فَإِنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ فَلْيَحْتَلِبْ وَلْيَشْرَبْ وَلاَ يَحْمِلْ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ فَلْيُصَوِّتْ ثَلاَثًا فَإِنْ أَجَابَهُ أَحَدٌ فَلْيَسْتَأْذِنْهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُجِبْهُ أَحَدٌ فَلْيَحْتَلِبْ وَلْيَشْرَبْ وَلاَ يَحْمِلْ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عُمَرَ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "When one of you comes upon livestock, if its owner is with it then seek his permission. If he permits him then let him milk it and drink. If there is no one with it then call out three times, if someone answers then seek his permission. If no one answers then let him milk it and drink without carrying (any of it away)." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar and Abu Sa'eed.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1297Hasan or sahih
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ حَرَّمَ بَيْعَ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْتَةِ وَالْخِنْزِيرِ وَالأَصْنَامِ فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ شُحُومَ الْمَيْتَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يُطْلَى بِهَا السُّفُنُ وَيُدْهَنُ بِهَا الْجُلُودُ وَيَسْتَصْبِحُ بِهَا النَّاسُ قَالَ لاَ هُوَ حَرَامٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّحُومَ فَأَجْمَلُوهُ ثُمَّ بَاعُوهُ فَأَكَلُوا ثَمَنَهُ
That during the Year of the Conquest, while he was in Makkah, he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "Indeed Allah and His Messenger unlawful the sale of wine, dead carcasses, the pig, and idols." They said: "O Messenger of Allah! What about the fat of carcasses? For indeed it is used to coat the ships, skins are oiled with it, and people use it for lamps?" He said: "No. It is unlawful." Then, with that, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "May Allah fight (curse) the Jews! Indeed Allah made the fat unlawful for them, they melted it, sold it, and consumed its price." [He said:] There are narrations of this topic from 'Umar and Ibn 'Abbas.
لَيْسَ لَنَا مَثَلُ السَّوْءِ الْعَائِدُ فِي هِبَتِهِ كَالْكَلْبِ يَعُودُ فِي قَيْئِهِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Ours is not a bad example: The one who takes back his gift is like the dog who takes back his vomit." [He said:] On this topic, there is the narration from Ibn 'Umar from the Prophet ﷺ that he said: "It is not lawful for anyone that has given a gift to take it back, except for a father who gives something to his son."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1299Hasan or sahih
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَرْفَعَانِ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ
That he heard Tawus narrating from Ibn 'Umar and Ibn 'Abbas, and they both narrated this Hadith from the Prophet ﷺ. (A Hadith similar to no. 1298).
نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَذِنَ لأَهْلِ الْعَرَايَا أَنْ يَبِيعُوهَا بِمِثْلِ خَرْصِهَا
From Zaid bin Thabit that the Prophet ﷺ prohibited Al-Muhalaqah and Al-Muzabanah, except that he permitted those practice Al-'Araya to sell it for a like estimation. [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Hurairah and Jabir.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَوْ كَذَا
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted Al-'Araya in cases less than five Wasq. Or similar.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1301bNo grade recorded
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَرْخَصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا فِي خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ أَوْ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ
"The Prophet ﷺ permitted Al-'Araya in cases of five Wasq, or for what was less than five Wasq."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1302Hasan or sahih
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْخَصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا بِخَرْصِهَا
From Zaid bin Thabit that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted selling in Al-'Araya by estimating it.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1303Hasan or sahih
نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمُزَابَنَةِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ إِلاَّ لأَصْحَابِ الْعَرَايَا فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ أَذِنَ لَهُمْ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْعِنَبِ بِالزَّبِيبِ وَعَنْ كُلِّ ثَمَرٍ بِخَرْصِهِ
Rafi' bin Khadij and Sahl bin Abi Hathmah narrated to him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited Al-Muzabanah sales, (buying) fruits with dried dates, except for those who practice Al-'Araya - for he permitted it for them - and from buying grapes with raisins, and from every fruit by its estimation.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1304Hasan or sahih
لاَ تَنَاجَشُوا قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَنَسٍ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Do not practice An-Najsh." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar and Anas.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1305Hasan or sahih
جَلَبْتُ أَنَا وَمَخْرَفَةُ الْعَبْدِيُّ بَزًّا مِنْ هَجَرَ فَجَاءَنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَسَاوَمَنَا بِسَرَاوِيلَ وَعِنْدِي وَزَّانٌ يَزِنُ بِالأَجْرِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِلْوَزَّانِ زِنْ وَأَرْجِحْ
"Makhrafah Al-'Abdi and I brought linens from Hajar. The Prophet ﷺ came to us in bargain with us with some pants. There was someone with me who weighed (the goods) to determine the value. So the the Prophet ﷺ said to the one weighing: 'Weigh and add more.'" [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Jabir and Abu Hurairah.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1306Hasan or sahih
مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا أَوْ وَضَعَ لَهُ أَظَلَّهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَحْتَ ظِلِّ عَرْشِهِ يَوْمَ لاَ ظِلَّ إِلاَّ ظِلُّهُ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever grants respite to an indigent or alleviates it for him, Allah will shade him on the Day of Judgement under His Throne, a Day in which there is no shade except His shade." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Al-Yasar, Abu Qatadah, Hudhaifah, Abu Mas'ud, 'Ubadah, and Jabir.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1307Hasan or sahih
حُوسِبَ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ شَيْءٌ إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ رَجُلاً مُوسِرًا وَكَانَ يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَكَانَ يَأْمُرُ غِلْمَانَهُ أَنْ يَتَجَاوَزُوا عَنِ الْمُعْسِرِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ ﷻ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِذَلِكَ مِنْهُ تَجَاوَزُوا عَنْهُ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "A man among those before you was called to reckon and nothing good was found with him. Except that he was a wealthy man so he used to mix with the pople and he would tell his servant to be lenient with the insolvent. So Allah, Mighty and Sublime is He, said: 'We are more worthy of that than him, so be lenient with him.'"
مَطْلُ الْغَنِيِّ ظُلْمٌ وَإِذَا أُتْبِعَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى مَلِيٍّ فَلْيَتْبَعْ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Procrastination (in paying a debt) by a rich person is oppression. So if your debt is transferred from your debtor to a rich debtor, you should agree." He said: There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, and Ash-Sharid bin Suwaid Ath-Thaqafi.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1309Hasan or sahih
مَطْلُ الْغَنِيِّ ظُلْمٌ وَإِذَا أُحِلْتَ عَلَى مَلِيءٍ فَاتْبَعْهُ وَلاَ تَبِعْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ فِي بَيْعَةٍ
That the Prophet ﷺ said: "Procrastination (in paying a debt) by a rich person is oppression. So if your debt is transfered from your debtor you should agree, and do not make two sales in one sale."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1310Hasan or sahih
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمُنَابَذَةِ وَالْمُلاَمَسَةِ
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited sales of Al-Munabadhah and Al-Mulamasah." He said: There are narrations on this topic from Abu Sa'eed and Ibn 'Umar.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1311Hasan or sahih
قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الثَّمَرِ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَسْلَفَ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ
"When the Prophet ﷺ arrived in Al-Madinah, they were paying in advance for fruits. So he said: 'Whoever pays in advance, then let him pay in advance for known measurements (of dates), and known weights for a specified period of time.'" He said: There are narrations on this topic from Ibn Abi Awfa and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abza.
مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ شَرِيكٌ فِي حَائِطٍ فَلاَ يَبِيعُ نَصِيبَهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يَعْرِضَهُ عَلَى شَرِيكِهِ
That Allah's Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever has a partner in an orchard, then he is not to sell his share of that until he proposes that to his partner."
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1313Hasan or sahih
نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ وَالْمُعَاوَمَةِ وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا
From Jabir that the Prophet ﷺ prohibited Al-Muhaqalah, Al-Muzabanah, Al-Mukhabarah, and Al-Mu'awamah, and he permitted it in the case of Al-'Araya.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1314Hasan or sahih
غَلاَ السِّعْرُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ سَعِّرْ لَنَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْمُسَعِّرُ الْقَابِضُ الْبَاسِطُ الرَّزَّاقُ وَإِنِّي لأَرْجُو أَنْ أَلْقَى رَبِّي وَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ يَطْلُبُنِي بِمَظْلَمَةٍ فِي دَمٍ وَلاَ مَالٍ
"Prices became excessive during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so they said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Set prices for us!' So he said: 'Indeed Allah is Al-Musa'ir, Al-Qabid, Al-Basir, Ar-Razzaq. And I am hopeful that I meet my Lord and none of you are seeking (recompense from) me for an injustice involving blood or wealth.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1315Hasan or sahih
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَّ عَلَى صُبْرَةٍ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِيهَا فَنَالَتْ أَصَابِعُهُ بَلَلاً فَقَالَ يَا صَاحِبَ الطَّعَامِ مَا هَذَا قَالَ أَصَابَتْهُ السَّمَاءُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَفَلاَ جَعَلْتَهُ فَوْقَ الطَّعَامِ حَتَّى يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ غَشَّ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by a pile of food. He put his fingers in it and felt wetness. He said: 'O owner of the food! What is this ?' He replied: 'It was rained upon O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Why not put it on top of the food so the people can see it?' Then he said: 'Whoever cheats, he is not one of us.'" He said: There are narrations on this topic from Ibn 'Umar, Abu Al-Hamra', Ibn 'Abbas, Buraidah, Abu Burdah bin Niyar, and Hudhaifah bin Al-Yaman.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1316Hasan or sahih
اسْتَقْرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سِنًّا فَأَعْطَاهُ سِنًّا خَيْرًا مِنْ سِنِّهِ وَقَالَ خِيَارُكُمْ أَحَاسِنُكُمْ قَضَاءً
"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took a camel of a particular age on loan. He gave back to him a camel of a better age than the one he was given. He said: 'The best among you is the best in repaying.'" He said: There is something on this topic from Abu Rafi'.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1317No grade recorded
أَنَّ رَجُلاً تَقَاضَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَغْلَظَ لَهُ فَهَمَّ بِهِ أَصْحَابُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَعُوهُ فَإِنَّ لِصَاحِبِ الْحَقِّ مَقَالاً ثُمَّ قَالَ اشْتَرُوا لَهُ بَعِيرًا فَأَعْطُوهُ إِيَّاهُ فَطَلَبُوهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا إِلاَّ سِنًّا أَفْضَلَ مِنْ سِنِّهِ فَقَالَ اشْتَرُوهُ فَأَعْطُوهُ إِيَّاهُ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَكُمْ أَحْسَنُكُمْ قَضَاءً
"A man behaved in a rude manner while trying to collect a debt from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. So his Companions were about to harm him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Leave him, for indeed the owner of the the right has the right to speak.' Then he said: 'Purchase a camel for him and give it to him.' So they searched out but they did not find a camel but of a better ager than his camel. So he said: 'Buy it and give it to him. For indeed the best of you is the best in repaying.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1317bNo grade recorded
حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ نَحْوَهُ
] This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1318Hasan or sahih
عَنْ أَبِي رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ اسْتَسْلَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَكْرًا فَجَاءَتْهُ إِبِلٌ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ قَالَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ فَأَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَقْضِيَ الرَّجُلَ بَكْرَهُ فَقُلْتُ لاَ أَجِدُ فِي الإِبِلِ إِلاَّ جَمَلاً خِيَارًا رَبَاعِيًّا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ فَإِنَّ خِيَارَ النَّاسِ أَحْسَنُهُمْ قَضَاءً
"The Messenger of Allah got a camel in advance. Some camels from the charity." Abu Rafi' said: "So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told me to pay the man back for his camel. I said: 'I did not find among the camels but a superior selection of Raba'. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Give it to him, for indeed the base of people is the best of them in repaying.'"
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1319Graders disagree
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ سَمْحَ الْبَيْعِ سَمْحَ الشِّرَاءِ سَمْحَ الْقَضَاءِ
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed Allah loves tolerance in selling, tolerance in buying, and tolerance in repaying." He said: There is something on this topic from Jabir.
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1320Hasan or sahih
غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لِرَجُلٍ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ كَانَ سَهْلاً إِذَا بَاعَ سَهْلاً إِذَا اشْتَرَى سَهْلاً إِذَا اقْتَضَى
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Allah forgave a man who was before you: He was tolerant when selling, tolerant when purchasing, and tolerant when repaying." He said: This Hadith is Gharib Sahih Hasan from this route.
«إِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ مَنْ يَبِيعُ أَوْ يَبْتَاعُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَقُولُوا: لاَ أَرْبَحَ اللَّهُ تِجَارَتَكَ، وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمْ مَنْ يَنْشُدُ فِيهِ ضَالَّةً فَقُولُوا لاَ رَدَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ».
That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When you see someone selling or buying in the Masjid then say: 'May Allah not profit your business.' And when you see someone announcing about something lost then say: 'May Allah not return it to you.'"