18. ✧ Retaliation

1. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2245No grade recorded

   إِنَّ رَجُلًا رَمَى رَجُلًا بِحَجَرٍ فَقَتَلَهُ، فَأَتَى بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ، فَأَقَادَهُ مِنْهُ

   ✧ A man threw a stone at another man and killed him. He was brought to the Prophet ﷺ, and he exacted retaliation from him.

2. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2246No grade recorded

   دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَصِيفَةً لَهُ فَأَبْطَأَتْ، فَقَالَ ﷺ: لَوْلَا مَخَافَةُ الْقَوَدِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَأَوْجَعْتُكِ بِهَذَا السِّوَاكِ

   ✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called a young slave girl of his, and she was slow. He ﷺ said: "Were it not for the fear of retaliation on the Day of Resurrection, I would have caused you pain with this toothstick."

3. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2247No grade recorded

   وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، بِهَذَا.:

   ✧ And Abū Yaʿlā said: Al-Ḥasan b. Ḥammād narrated to us, Wakīʿ narrated to us, with this.:

4. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2248No grade recorded

   كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي بَيْتِي، وَكَانَ بِيَدِهِ سِوَاكٌ، فَدَعَا بِوَصِيفَةٍ لَهُ - أَوْ لَهَا - حَتَّى اسْتَبَانَتِ الْغَضَبَ فِي وَجْهِهِ، فَخَرَجَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ ؓ إِلَى الْبَرَازِ، فَوَجَدَتِ الْوَصِيفَةَ وَهِيَ تَلْعَبُ بِبَهْمَةٍ، فَقَالَتْ: أَلَا أَرَاكِ تَلْعَبِينَ بِهَذِهِ الْبَهْمَةِ، وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدْعُوكِ، فَقَالَتْ: لَا وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا سَمِعْتُكَ، فَقَالَ ﷺ: لَوْلَا خَشْيَةُ الْقَوَدِ لَأَوْجَعْتُكِ بِهَذَا السِّوَاكِ

   ✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in my house, and he had a toothstick in his hand. He called a young slave girl of his — or hers — until anger became apparent in his face. Umm Salamah ؓ went out to the open area and found the girl playing with a lamb. She said: "Do I not see you playing with this lamb while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is calling you?" She said: "No, by the One who sent you with the truth, I did not hear you." He ﷺ said: "Were it not for the fear of retaliation, I would have caused you pain with this toothstick."

5. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2249No grade recorded

   إِنَّ ابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ ؓ أَقَادَ مِنْ لَطْمَةٍ

   ✧ Ibn al-Zubayr ؓ exacted retaliation for a slap.

6. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2250No grade recorded

   إِنَّ رَجُلًا، طَعَنَ رَجُلًا بِقَرْنٍ فِي رُكْبَتِهِ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَسْتَقِيدُ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: حَتَّى تَبْرَأَ، فَأَبَى وَعَجَّلَ وَاسْتَقَادَ، قَالَ: فَعِيبَتْ رِجْلُهُ، وَبَرِئَتْ رِجْلُ الْمُسْتَقَادِ، فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: لَيْسَ لَكَ شَيْءٌ، إِنَّكَ أَبَيْتَ

   ✧ A man stabbed another man with a horn in his knee. He came to the Prophet ﷺ seeking retaliation. It was said to him: "Wait until you recover." He refused, hastened, and took retaliation. He said: His leg became defective, while the leg of the one from whom retaliation was taken healed. He came to the Prophet ﷺ, and it was said to him: "You have nothing; you refused."

7. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2251No grade recorded

   أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي الَّذِي يُقْتَصُّ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ: قَتْلُهُ حَقٌّ، لَا دِيَةَ

   ✧ Umar ؓ used to say about someone from whom retaliation was taken and then he died: His killing is justified, no blood money is due.

8. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2252No grade recorded

   إِنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ، قَالَ: كِتَابُ اللهِ تَعَالَى: أَنْ لَا دِيَةَ لَهُ

   ✧ Ali ؓ said: The Book of Allah, the Exalted, states: no blood money is due for him.

9. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2253No grade recorded

   إِنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِيهِ: يَحَطُّ عَنْهُ قَدْرُ جِرَاحَتِهِ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ ضَامِنًا لِمَا بَقِيَ

   ✧ Ibn Mas'ud ؓ used to say about it: The amount of his wound is deducted, and then he is liable for the remainder.

10. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2254No grade recorded

    سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ

    ✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbidding mutilation.

11. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2255No grade recorded

    سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ ؓ، وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى هَذَا الْمِنْبَرِ يُعَلِّمُ النَّاسَ السُّنَنَ، فَكَانَ فِيمَا عَلَّمَهُمْ أَنْ قَالَ: فِي التَّرْقُوَةِ جَمَلٌ، وَفِي الضِّرْسِ جَمَلٌ، وَفِي الضِّلَعِ جَمَلٌ

    ✧ I heard Umar ؓ while he was standing on this pulpit teaching the people the sunnahs, and among what he taught them, he said: For the collarbone a camel, for the molar a camel, and for the rib a camel.

12. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2256No grade recorded

    فِي الضِّرْسِ جَمَلٌ، وَفِي التَّرْقُوَةِ جَمَلٌ

    ✧ For the molar a camel, and for the collarbone a camel.

13. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2257No grade recorded

    كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَجْعَلُ فِي الْإِبْهَامِ وَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا نِصْفَ دِيَةِ الْكَفِّ، وَيَجْعَلُ فِي الْإِبْهَامِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ، وَفِي الَّتِي تَلِيهَا عَشْرًا، وَفِي الْوُسْطَى عَشْرًا، وَفِي الَّتِي تَلِيهَا تِسْعًا، وَفِي الْأُخْرَى سِتًّا، حَتَّى كَانَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ، فَوَجَدَ كِتَابًا كَتَبَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، فِيهِ: وَفِي الْأَصَابِعِ عَشْرٌ عَشْرٌ فَصَيَّرَهَا عُثْمَانُ ؓ: عَشْرًا عَشْرًا

    ✧ Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ used to assign for the thumb and the one next to it half the blood money of the hand, and he assigned for the thumb fifteen, for the one next to it ten, for the middle finger ten, for the one next to it nine, and for the last one six. Then Uthman b. Affan ؓ found a document that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote for Amr b. Hazm, in which was: And for the fingers ten, ten. So Uthman ؓ made them ten, ten.

14. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2258No grade recorded

    قَضَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فِي الْإِبْهَامِ وَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا نِصْفَ دِيَةِ الْكَفِّ، وَفِي الْوُسْطَى عَشْرًا، وَفِي الَّتِي تَلِيهَا تِسْعًا، وَفِي الْخِنْصَرِ سِتًّا. قَالَ سَعِيدٌ: حَتَّى وَجَدَ كِتَابًا عِنْدَ آلِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فِيهِ: وَفِي كُلِّ أُصْبُعٍ عَشْرٌ. قَالَ سَعِيدٌ فَصَارَتْ إِلَى عَشْرٍ عَشْرٍ

    ✧ Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ ruled for the thumb and the one next to it half the blood money of the hand, for the middle finger ten, for the one next to it nine, and for the little finger six. Said said: Until he found a document with the family of Amr b. Hazm, which they claimed was from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, in which was: And for every finger ten. Said said: So it became ten, ten.

15. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2259No grade recorded

    إِنَّ رَجُلًا، سَأَلَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ ؓ عَنْ أَعْوَرَ فُقِئَتْ عَيْنُهُ الصَّحِيحَةُ ؟ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ صَفْوَانَ: قَضَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فِيهَا بِالدِّيَةِ. فَقَالَ: إِيَّاكَ أَسْأَلُ. قَالَ: تَسْأَلُنِي، وَهَذَا يُخْبِرُكَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ قَضَى بِذَلِكَ. ؟

    ✧ A man asked Ibn Umar ؓ about a one-eyed man whose healthy eye was gouged out. Abdullah b. Safwan said: Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ ruled for it the full blood money. He said: I am asking you. He said: You ask me while this one tells you that Umar ؓ ruled that?

16. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2260No grade recorded

    لَقِيتُ عُمَرَ ؓ وَهُوَ بِالْمَوْسِمِ، فَنَادَيْتُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْفُسْطَاطِ: أَلَا إِنِّي فُلَانُ ابْنُ فُلَانٍ الْجَرْمِيُّ، وَإِنَّ ابْنَ أُخْتٍ لَنَا لَهُ أَخٌ عَانٍ فِي بَنِي فُلَانٍ، وَقَدْ عَرَضْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَرِيضَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَبَى، فَرَفَعَ عُمَرُ ؓ جَانِبَ الْفُسْطَاطِ، فَقَالَ: أَتَعْرِفُ صَاحِبَكَ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، فَقَالَ: هُوَ ذَا، انْطَلِقَا بِهِ حَتَّى نَفْعَلَ لَكُمَا قَضِيَّةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ. قَالَ: وَكُنَّا نَتَحَدَّثُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ أَرْبَعًا مِنَ الْإِبِلِ

    ✧ I met Umar ؓ while he was at the season of pilgrimage, and I called from behind the tent: Indeed I am so-and-so son of so-and-so al-Jarmi, and a nephew of ours has a brother who is a captive among Banu so-and-so. We presented to him the obligatory compensation of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, but he refused. So Umar ؓ raised the side of the tent and said: Do you recognize your companion? I said: Yes. He said: There he is. Take him away so that we may carry out for you the judgment of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: And we used to say that it was four camels.

17. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2261No grade recorded

    إِنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ كَانَ لَا يُورِّثُ الْإِخْوَةَ مِنَ الْأُمِّ مِنَ الدِّيَةِ

    ✧ Umar ؓ used not to give inheritance from the blood money to brothers from the mother.

18. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2262No grade recorded

    الْإِخْوَةُ مِنَ الْأُمِّ لَا يَرِثُونَ دِيَةَ أَخِيهِمْ لِأُمِّهِمْ إِذَا قُتِلَ

    ✧ Brothers from the mother do not inherit the blood money of their brother through their mother when he is killed.

19. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2263No grade recorded

    إِنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ مَعْدِي كَرِبَ: أَصَابَ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ بِمَأْمُومَةٍ، فَأَرَادَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَنْ يُقِيدَهُ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: لَا قَوَدَ فِي مَأْمُومَةٍ

    ✧ Indeed, 'Amr b. Ma'di Karib struck a man from Banu Kinanah with a ma'mumah (a head wound reaching the brain membrane). 'Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ wanted to exact retaliation from him, but al-'Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: There is no retaliation for a ma'mumah.

20. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2264No grade recorded

    2264 1897 / 2 - وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، ثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، ثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، بِهِ.::

    ✧ 2264 1897 / 2 - And Abu Ya'la said: Ahmad b. 'Isa narrated to us, Ibn Wahb narrated to us, Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us, with it.::

21. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2265No grade recorded

    بَيْنَمَا أَنَا عِنْدَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِذْ جَاءَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ يَطْلُبُ شَجَّةً، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: إِنَّا مَعَاشِرَ أَهْلِ الْقُرَى لَا نَتَعَاقَلُ الْمُضَغَ بَيْنَنَا

    ✧ While I was with 'Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ, a Bedouin came to him seeking [retaliation for] a head wound. 'Umar ؓ said: We, the people of the towns, do not pay blood money among ourselves for [mere] flesh wounds (mudagh).

22. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2266No grade recorded

    كُنَّا فِي جَاهِلِيَّتِنَا وَإِنَّمَا نَحْمِلُ مِنَ الْعَقْلِ مَا بَلَغَ ثُلُثَ الدِّيَةِ، وَيُؤْخَذُ بِهِ حَالًا، فَإِنْ لَمْ يُوجَدْ عِنْدَنَا كَانَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الدَّيْنِ يَتَجَارَى، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ كَانَ فِيمَا سَنَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْعَاقِلِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَالْأَنْصَارِ ثُلُثُ الدِّيَةِ

    ✧ In our pre-Islamic ignorance (Jahiliyyah), we only paid blood money from the 'aql for what reached a third of the full diyah, and it was taken immediately. If it was not available with us, it was considered a debt to be paid later. When Islam came, among what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prescribed regarding the 'aqilah from Quraysh and the Ansar was a third of the diyah.

23. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2267No grade recorded

    قَالَ فِي شِبْهِ الْعَمْدِ: الضَّرْبَةُ بِالْعَصَا، وَالْحَجَرِ الثَّقِيلِ أَثْلَاثًا: ثُلُثُ جِذَاعٍ، وَثُلُثُ حِقَاقٍ، وَثُلُثُ ثَنِيَّةٍ إِلَى بَازِلِ عَامِهَا

    ✧ He said regarding quasi-intentional killing (shibh al-'amd): the strike with a stick or a heavy stone [is compensated] in thirds: one third of jadha'ah (four-year-old camels), one third of hiqqah (three-year-old camels), and one third of thaniyyah (five-year-old camels) up to bazil of its year (six-year-old camels).

24. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2268No grade recorded

    إِنَّ امْرَأَتَيْنِ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ قَتَلَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى. فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ، قَالَ: وَكَانَتْ حُبْلَى فَقَالَ عَاقِلَةُ الْمَقْتُولَةِ: إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ حُبْلَى وَأَلْقَتْ جَنِينًا، فَخَافَ عَاقِلَةُ الْقَاتِلَةِ أَنْ يُضَمِّنَهُمْ: فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، لَا شَرِبَ وَلَا أَكَلَ، وَلَا صَاحَ فَاسْتَهَلَّ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: هَذَا سَجْعُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. فَقَضَى فِي الْجَنِينِ بِغُرَّةٍ عَبْدٍ أَوْ أَمَةٍ

    ✧ Two women from Hudhayl, one of them killed the other. He mentioned the hadith, and said: She was pregnant. The 'aqilah (male relatives) of the killed woman said: She was pregnant and miscarried a fetus. The 'aqilah of the killer feared that they would be made liable, so they said: O Messenger of Allah, it did not drink, nor eat, nor cry out at birth (istahalla). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: This is the rhymed prose of Jahiliyyah. He ruled for the fetus a ghurrah: a male or female slave.

25. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2269No grade recorded

    كَانَ فِينَا رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ حَمَلُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ لَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ: إِحْدَاهُمَا هُذَلِيَّةٌ، وَالْأُخْرَى عَامِرِيَّةٌ، فَضَرَبَتِ الْهُذَلِيَّةُ الْعَامِرِيَّةَ بِعَمُودِ خِبَاءٍ أَوْ فُسْطَاطٍ، فَأَلْقَتْ جَنِينًا مَيِّتًا، فَانْطَلَقَ بِالضَّارِبَةِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَعَ أَخٍ لَهَا يُقَالُ لَهُ عِمْرَانُ بْنُ عُوَيْمِرٍ. فَذَكَرَهُ وَزَادَ فِيهِ: أَوْ خَمْسُمِائَةٍ أَوْ فَرَسٌ. فَقَالَ عِمْرَانُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ، إِنَّ لَهَا ابْنَيْنِ هُمَا سَادَةُ الْحَيِّ، وَهُمَا أَحَقُّ أَنْ يَعْقِلُوا عَنْ أُمِّهِمْ. قَالَ ﷺ: أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَعْقِلَ عَنْ أُخْتِكَ مِنْ وَلَدِهَا. فَقَالَ: مَا لِي شَيْءٌ أَعْقِلُ فِيهِ. قَالَ: " يَا حَمَلُ بْنَ مَالِكٍ - وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَى صَدَقَاتِ هُذَيْلٍ، وَهُوَ زَوْجُ الْمَرْأَتَيْنِ وَأَبُو الْجَنِينِ الْمَقْتُولِ - اقْبِضْ مِنْ تَحْتِ يَدِكَ مِنْ صَدَقَاتِ هُذَيْلٍ عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةَ شَاةٍ فَفَعَلَ

    ✧ There was among us a man called Hamal b. Malik who had two wives: one from Hudhayl and the other from 'Amir. The Hudhali woman struck the 'Amiri woman with a tent pole or a pavilion pole, and she miscarried a dead fetus. He went with the striking woman to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, accompanied by a brother of hers called 'Imran b. 'Uwaymir. He mentioned it and added: Or five hundred [dirhams] or a horse. 'Imran said: O Prophet of Allah, she has two sons who are the leaders of the tribe, and they are more entitled to pay blood money on behalf of their mother. He ﷺ said: You are more entitled to pay on behalf of your sister than her children. He said: I have nothing with which to pay. He said: "O Hamal b. Malik" - and he was at that time in charge of the sadaqat (charitable collections) of Hudhayl, and he was the husband of the two women and the father of the killed fetus - "take from what is under your hand from the sadaqat of Hudhayl one hundred and twenty sheep." So he did.

26. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2270No grade recorded

    أَدِي مَنْ لَا أَكَلَ الْحَدِيثَ.:

    ✧ Pay blood money for one who did not eat - the hadith.:

27. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2271No grade recorded

    أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ: لِحْيَانِيَّةٌ وَمُعَاوِيَّةٌ مِنْ بَنِي مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَأَنَّهُمَا اجْتَمَعَتَا فَتَغَايَرَتَا، فَرَفَعَتِ الْمُعَاوِيَّةُ حَجَرًا فَرَمَتِ اللِّحْيَانِيَّةَ وَهِيَ حُبْلَى، وَقَدْ تَلِفَتْ فَقَتَلَتْهَا وَأَلْقَتْ غُلَامًا. فَقَالَ حَمَلُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ لِعِمْرَانَ بْنِ عُوَيْمِرٍ: أَدِّ إِلَيَّ عَقْلَ امْرَأَتِي، فَارْتَفَعَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: الْعَقْلُ عَلَى الْعَصَبَةِ

    ✧ He had two wives: a Lihyani woman and a Mu'awiyah woman from Banu Mu'awiyah b. Zayd. They met and became jealous of each other, so the Mu'awiyah woman lifted a stone and threw it at the Lihyani woman while she was pregnant, and she was killed and miscarried a boy. Hamal b. Malik said to 'Imran b. 'Uwaymir: Pay me the blood money for my wife. They went up to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said: The blood money is upon the 'asabah (male paternal relatives).

28. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2272No grade recorded

    إِنَّ حَمَلَ بْنَ النَّابِغَةِ كَانَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَتَانِ: مُلَيْكَةُ وَأُمُّ عَفِيفٍ، فَقَذَفَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى بِحَجَرٍ فَأَصَابَتْ فِي قَلْبِهَا، فَأَلْقَتْ جَنِينًا مَيِّتًا، فَرُفِعَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَضَى أَنَّ الدِّيَةَ عَلَى قَوْمِ الْعَاقِلَةِ الْقَاتِلَةِ، وَفِي الْجَنِينِ غُرَّةٌ: عَبْدٌ أَوْ أَمَةٌ، أَوْ عَشْرٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، أَوْ مِائَةُ شَاةٍ. قَالَ وَلِيُّهَا - أَوْ أَبُوهَا -: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، مَا أَكَلَ وَلَا شَرِبَ، وَلَا صَاحَ فَاسْتَهَلَّ، فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ بَطَلَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: لَسْنَا مِنْ أَسَاجِيعِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فِي شَيْءٍ

    ✧ Hamal b. al-Nabighah had two wives: Mulaykah and Umm 'Afif. One of them threw a stone at the other and struck her in the heart, and she miscarried a dead fetus. That was brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he ruled that the diyah is upon the people of the 'aqilah of the killer, and for the fetus a ghurrah: a male or female slave, or ten camels, or one hundred sheep. Her guardian - or her father - said: O Messenger of Allah, it did not eat, nor drink, nor cry out at birth, so such a thing is void. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We have nothing to do with the rhymed prose of Jahiliyyah.

29. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2273No grade recorded

    وَجَدْتُ فِي قَائِمِ سَيْفِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كِتَابًا: أَنَّ مِنْ أَشَدِّ النَّاسِ عُتُوًّا مَنْ ضَرَبَ غَيْرَ ضَارِبِهِ، وَرَجُلًا قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ، وَرَجُلًا تَوَلَّى غَيْرَ نِعْمَتِهِ، فَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، لَا يَقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا، وَفِي الْأَجْرِ: الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ، وَيَسْعَى بِدَمِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ، لَا يُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ، وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ، وَلَا يَتَوَارَثُ أَهْلُ مِلَّتَيْنِ، وَلَا تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى عَمَّتِهَا وَلَا عَلَى خَالَتِهَا، وَلَا صَلَاةَ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ، وَلَا تُسَافِرِ الْمَرْأَةُ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ مَعَ غَيْرِ مَحْرَمٍ

    ✧ I found inscribed on the pommel of the sword of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a writing: Among the most insolent of people is one who strikes someone other than the one who struck him, and a man who kills someone other than his killer, and a man who gives allegiance to other than his benefactor. Whoever does that has disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger; no optional or obligatory deed will be accepted from him. And regarding blood money: The believers' blood and property are equal in sanctity, and the lowest of them may strive to protect their blood. A Muslim is not killed for a disbeliever, nor one with a covenant while his covenant is in effect. The people of two different religions do not inherit from each other. A woman is not married in addition to her paternal aunt or her maternal aunt. There is no prayer after 'Asr until the sun sets. A woman does not travel for three nights except with a mahram.

30. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2274No grade recorded

    أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ أَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِأَسِيرٍ فِي السَّبْيِ، فَقَالَ: " اذْهَبُوا بِهِ فَأَدْفِئُوهُ " قَالَ: وَكَانَ الدِّفْءُ بِلِسَانِهِمُ الْقَتْلَ، فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ، فَسَأَلَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَمَرْتَنَا أَنْ نَقْتُلَهُ فَقَتَلْنَاهُ، قَالَ ﷺ: " كَيْفَ قُلْتُ لَكُمْ ؟ ". قَالُوا: قُلْتَ لَنَا: اذْهَبُوا بِهِ فَأَدْفِئُوهُ. قَالَ ﷺ: قَدْ شَرِكْتُكُمْ، إِذًا اعْقِلُوهُ، وَأَنَا شَرِيكُكُمْ

    ✧ Some people from Juhaynah brought a captive to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said: "Take him and warm him (adfi'uhu)." He said: In their dialect, 'warmth' meant killing. So they took him and killed him. The Prophet ﷺ asked them, and they said: O Messenger of Allah, you commanded us to kill him, so we killed him. He ﷺ said: "How did I say to you?" They said: You said to us: Take him and warm him. He ﷺ said: I have shared with you; therefore pay his blood money, and I am your partner in it.

31. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2275No grade recorded

    أَخْطَأَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِأَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ ؓ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: أَبِي أَبِي حَتَّى قَتَلُوهُ، فَقَالَ: يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ، فَبَلَغَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ، فَزَادَهُ عِنْدَهُ خَيْرًا وَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ

    ✧ The Muslims mistakenly struck Abu Hudhayfah ؓ on the day of Uhud, and he kept saying: 'My father, my father,' until they killed him. He said: 'May Allah forgive you, and He is the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.' This reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and it increased him in goodness in his sight, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ paid his blood money from his own resources.

32. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2276No grade recorded

    فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَوُدِيَ. قُلْتُ: هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةُ فِي الْبُخَارِيِّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ وَلَمْ أَرَ فِيهِ قَوْلَهُ: فَوُدِيَ.:

    ✧ So he commanded concerning it, and it was paid as blood money. I say: This story is in al-Bukhari from 'Urwah, and I did not see in it his statement: 'So it was paid as blood money.'

33. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2277No grade recorded

    إِنَّ رَجُلًا أُزْحِمَ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَمَاتَ فَوَدَاهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ

    ✧ A man was crowded on Friday and died, so 'Ali ؓ paid his blood money from the public treasury.

34. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2278No grade recorded

    هَشَّمَ رَجُلٌ فَمَ رَجُلٍ فِي زَمَنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ ؓ، فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ الدِّيَةَ، فَأَبَاهَا، فَزَادُوهُ حَتَّى أَعْطَوْهُ ثَلَاثَ دِيَاتٍ، قَالَ: فَحَدَّثَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِدَمٍ أَوْ بِمَا دُونَهُ كَانَ كَفَّارَةً لِمَا مَضَى مِنْ ذُنُوبِهِ مِنْ يَوْمِ وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ إِلَى يَوْمِ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ " قَالَ: فَعَفَا الرَّجُلُ

    ✧ A man smashed the mouth of another man during the time of Mu'awiyah ؓ, and he offered him the blood money, but he refused. They increased it until they gave him three blood monies. He said: Then a man from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said: 'Whoever gives charity of blood or of what is less than that, it will be an expiation for his past sins, from the day his mother gave birth to him until the day he gives charity of it.' He said: So the man pardoned.

35. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2279No grade recorded

    وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، ثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، بِهِ.::

    ✧ Abu Ya'la said: Muhammad b. 'Abbad narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, with it.

36. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2280No grade recorded

    كَانَتِ الدِّيَةُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعَةَ أَسْنَانٍ: خَمْسٌ وَعِشْرُونَ حِقَّةً وَخَمْسٌ وَعِشْرُونَ جَذَعَةً، وَخَمْسٌ وَعِشْرُونَ بَنَاتِ لَبُونٍ، وَخَمْسٌ وَعِشْرُونَ بَنَاتِ مَخَاضٍ، حَتَّى كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَمَصَّرَ الْأَمْصَارَ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: لَيْسَ كُلُّ النَّاسِ يَجِدُونَ الْإِبِلَ فَقَوِّمُوا الْإِبِلَ بِأُوقِيَّةٍ أُوقِيَّةٍ، فَكَانَتْ أَرْبَعَةَ آلَافٍ، ثُمَّ غَلَتِ الْإِبِلُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: فَقَوِّمُوا الْإِبِلَ، فَقُوِّمَتْ أُوقِيَّةً وَنِصْفً، قَالَ: فَكَانَتْ سِتَّةَ آلَافٍ، ثُمَّ غَلَتِ الْإِبِلُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: فَقَوِّمُوا الْإِبِلَ، فَقُوِّمَتْ أُوقِيَّتَيْنِ، فَكَانَتْ ثَمَانِيَةَ آلَافٍ، ثُمَّ غَلَتِ الْإِبِلُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: فَقَوِّمُوا الْإِبِلَ فَقُوِّمَتْ أُوقِيَّتَيْنِ وَنِصْفًا فَكَانَتْ عَشَرَةَ آلَافٍ، ثُمَّ غَلَتِ الْإِبِلُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: فَقَوِّمُوا الْإِبِلَ، فَقُوِّمَتِ الْإِبِلُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَوَاقٍ، فَكَانَتِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا، فَجَعَلَ عُمَرُ ؓ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْوَرِقِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا، وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الذَّهَبِ أَلْفَ دِينَارٍ، وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِبِلِ مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْحُلَلِ مِائَتَيْ حُلَّةٍ، قِيمَةُ كُلِّ حُلَّةٍ خَمْسَةُ دَنَانِيرَ، وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الضَّأْنِ أَلْفَ ضَانِيَةٍ، وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَعْزِ أَلْفَيْ مَاعِزَةٍ، وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْبَقَرِ مِائَتَيْ بَقَرَةٍ

    ✧ The blood money during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was of four ages: twenty-five hiqqah, twenty-five jadha'ah, twenty-five bint labun, and twenty-five bint makhad. This was until 'Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ established the garrison cities. 'Umar ؓ said: 'Not all people find camels, so value the camels at one uqiyyah each.' Thus it was four thousand. Then camels became expensive, so 'Umar ؓ said: 'Value the camels,' and they were valued at one and a half uqiyyah. He said: Thus it was six thousand. Then camels became expensive, so 'Umar ؓ said: 'Value the camels,' and they were valued at two uqiyyahs. Thus it was eight thousand. Then camels became expensive, so 'Umar ؓ said: 'Value the camels,' and they were valued at two and a half uqiyyahs. Thus it was ten thousand. Then camels became expensive, so 'Umar ؓ said: 'Value the camels,' and the camels were valued at three uqiyyahs. Thus it was twelve thousand. 'Umar ؓ then imposed upon the people of silver twelve thousand [dirhams], upon the people of gold one thousand dinars, upon the people of camels one hundred camels, upon the people of garments two hundred garments, the value of each garment being five dinars, upon the people of sheep one thousand ewes, upon the people of goats two thousand goats, and upon the people of cattle two hundred cows.

37. al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2281No grade recorded

    جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، أَرَأَيْتَ مَنْ لَقِيَنِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ مَالِي ؟ فَقَالَ ﷺ: نَاشِدْهُ اللهَ تَعَالَى - ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ - فَإِنْ أَبَى فَقَاتِلْهُ، فَإِنْ قَتَلَكَ دَخَلْتَ الْجَنَّةَ، وَإِنْ قَتَلْتَهُ دَخَلَ النَّارَ

    ✧ A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, what do you think of someone who encounters me wanting to take from my wealth?' He ﷺ said: 'Adjure him by Allah, the Exalted—three times. If he refuses, then fight him. If he kills you, you will enter Paradise, and if you kill him, he will enter the Fire.'