17. Divorce
فَلَمَّا مَضَى تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَدَأَ بِي فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّكَ أَقْسَمْتَ أَنْ لَا تَدْخُلَ عَلَيْنَا شَهْرًا وَإِنَّكَ دَخَلْتَ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ أَعُدُّهُنَّ فَقَالَ ﷺ «إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنِّي ذَاكِرٌ لَكِ أَمْرًا فَلَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ تَعْجَلِي فِيهِ حَتَّى تَسْتَأْمِرِي أَبَوَيْكِ» قَالَتْ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَلَيَّ الْآيَةَ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لِأَزْوَاجِكَ إِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا فَتَعَالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَّ وَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلًا وَإِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلْمُحْسِنَاتِ مِنْكُنَّ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا} قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ قَدْ عَلِمَ وَاللَّهِ أَنَّ أَبَوَيَّ لَمْ يَكُونَا يَأْمُرَانِي بِفِرَاقِهِ فَقُلْتُ أَفِي هَذَا أَسْتَأْمِرُ أَبَوَيَّ؟ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالدَّارَ الْآخِرَةَ
✧ When twenty-nine had passed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came in to me and began with me. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, you swore an oath not to come in to us for a month, and you have come in on the twenty-ninth; I count them." He ﷺ said, "The month is twenty-nine." Then he said, "O Aisha, I will mention to you a matter, and I do not want you to be hasty in it until you consult your parents." She said: Then he recited to me the verse: {O Prophet, say to your wives: If you desire the life of this world and its adornment, then come, I will provide for you and release you with a handsome release. But if you desire Allah and His Messenger and the abode of the Hereafter, then indeed Allah has prepared for the doers of good among you a great reward.} Aisha said: By Allah, he knew that my parents would not command me to separate from him. So I said, "Should I consult my parents about this? I desire Allah and His Messenger and the abode of the Hereafter."
أَنَّهُ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ تَطْلِيقَةً وَهِيَ حَائِضٌ فَاسْتَفْتَى عُمَرُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ وَهِيَ حَائِضٌ فَقَالَ «مُرْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ فَلْيُرَاجِعْهَا ثُمَّ لِيُمْسِكْهَا حَتَّى تَطْهُرَ مِنْ حَيْضَتِهَا هَذِهِ فَإِذَا حَاضَتْ حَيْضَةً أُخْرَى فَطَهُرَتْ فَإِنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُطَلِّقْهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُجَامِعَهَا وَإِنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُمْسِكْهَا»
✧ He divorced his wife once while she was menstruating. 'Umar asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for a ruling, saying, "'Abdullah divorced his wife while she was menstruating." He said, "Command 'Abdullah to take her back, then keep her until she is pure from this menstruation. Then when she menstruates another menstrual period and becomes pure, if he wishes he may divorce her before having intercourse with her, and if he wishes he may keep her."
طَلَّقْتُ امْرَأَتِي وَهِيَ حَائِضٌ «فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى طَلَّقْتُهَا وَهِيَ طَاهِرٌ»
✧ I divorced my wife while she was menstruating, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned her to me until I divorced her while she was pure.
«مَا بَالُ أَحَدِكُمْ يَلْعَبُ بِحُدُودِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ قَدْ طَلَّقْتُ قَدْ رَاجَعْتُ؟! »
✧ What is the matter with one of you, playing with the limits of Allah, saying, 'I have divorced, I have taken back'?!
سَأَلْتُ الزُّهْرِيَّ أَيُّ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ اسْتَعَاذَتْ مِنْهُ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ بِنْتَ الْجَوْنِ لَمَّا دَخَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَدَنَا مِنْهَا قَالَتْ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «عُذْتِ بِعَظِيمٍ الْحَقِي بِأَهْلِكِ»
✧ I asked al-Zuhri which of the Prophet's ﷺ wives sought refuge from him. He said: 'Urwah b. al-Zubayr informed me from 'A'ishah that when the daughter of al-Jawn entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he approached her, she said, "I seek refuge in Allah from you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "You have sought refuge in a great one; join your family."
«خَيَّرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاخْتَرْنَاهُ» فَهَلْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ طَلَاقًا؟
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave us a choice, and we chose him, so was that divorce?
لَمْ أَزَلْ حَرِيصًا أَنْ أَسْأَلَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ الْمَرْأَتَيْنِ اللَّتَيْنِ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ اللَّهُ {إِنْ تَتُوبَا إِلَى اللَّهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا} حَتَّى حَجَّ عُمَرُ فَحَجَجْتُ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ عَدَلَ لِيَتَوَضَّأُ وَعَدَلْتُ مَعَهُ بِالْإِدَاوَةِ فَتَبَرَّزَ ثُمَّ أَتَانِي فَسَكَبْتُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ فَتَوَضَّأَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَنِ الْمَرْأَتَانِ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ اللَّتَانِ قَالَ اللَّهُ {إِنْ تَتُوبَا إِلَى اللَّهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوبُكُمَا} فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَاعَجَبًا لَكَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ هِيَ عَائِشَةُ وَحَفْصَةُ ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يَسُوقُ الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ كُنَّا مَعْشَرُ قُرَيْشٍ قَوْمًا نَغْلِبُ النِّسَاءَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ وَجَدْنَاهُمْ قَوْمًا تَغْلِبُهُمْ نِسَاؤُهُمْ فَطَفِقَ نِسَاؤُنَا يَتَعَلَّمْنَ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ وَكَانَ مَنْزِلِي فِي بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ فِي الْعَوَالِي قَالَ فَتَغَضَّبْتُ يَوْمًا عَلَى امْرَأَتِي فَإِذَا هِيَ تُرَاجِعْنِي فَأَنْكَرْتُ أَنْ تُرَاجِعَنِي فَقَالَتْ مَا تُنْكِرُ أَنْ أُرَاجِعَكَ فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّ أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَتُرَاجِعْنَهُ وَتَهْجُرُهُ إِحْدَاهُنَّ الْيَوْمَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ فَقُلْتُ أَتُرَاجِعِينَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ وَتَهْجُرُهُ إِحْدَانَا الْيَوْمَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ قَالَ قَدْ قُلْتِ قَدْ خَابَ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْكُنَّ وَخَسِرَ أَفَتَأْمَنُ إِحْدَاكُنَّ أَنْ يَغْضَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا لِغَضَبِ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا هِيَ قَدْ هَلَكَتْ لَا تُرَاجِعِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَا تَسْأَلِيهِ شَيْئًا وَسَلِينِي مَا بَدَا لَكِ وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكِ إِنْ كَانَتْ جَارَتُكِ هِيَ أَوْسَمُ وَأَحَبُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْكِ يُرِيدُ عَائِشَةَ قَالَ وَكَانَ لِي جَارٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَكُنَّا نَتَنَاوَبُ النُّزُولَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَيَنْزِلُ يَوْمًا وأَنْزِلُ يَوْمًا فَيَأْتِينِي بِخَبَرِ الْوَحْيِ وَغَيْرِهِ وَأَنْزِلُ فَآتِيهِ بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ وَكُنَّا نَتَحَدَّثُ أَنَّ غَسَّانَ تُنْعِلُ الْخَيْلَ لِتَغْزُوَنَا قَالَ فَنَزَلَ صَاحِبِي يَوْمًا ثُمَّ أَتَانِي فَضَرَبَ عَلَى بَابِي ثُمَّ نَادَانِي فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ حَدَثَ أَمْرٌ عَظِيمٌ فَقُلْتُ مَاذَا؟ أَجَاءَتْ غَسَّانُ؟ قَالَ بَلْ أَعْظَمُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَأَطْوَلُ طَلَّقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ نِسَاءَهُ فَقُلْتُ خَابَتْ حَفْصَةُ وَخَسِرَتْ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ هَذَا كَائِنًا فَلَمَّا صَلَّيْتُ الصُّبْحَ شَدَدْتُ عَلَيَّ ثِيَابِي ثُمَّ نَزَلْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَبْكِي فَقُلْتُ أَطَلَّقَكُنَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ لَا أَدْرِي هُوَ ذَا هُوَ مُعْتَزِلٌ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَشْرُبَةِ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ غُلَامًا لَهُ أَسْوَدَ فَقُلْتُ اسْتَأْذَنْ لِعُمَرَ فَدَخَلَ الْغُلَامُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيَّ وَقَالَ قَدْ ذَكَرْتُكَ لَهُ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا قَوْمٌ حَوْلَ الْمِنْبَرِ جُلُوسٌ يَبْكِي بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ قَالَ فَجَلَسْتُ قَلِيلًا ثُمَّ غَلَبَنِي مَا أَجِدُ فَأَتَيْتُ الْغُلَامَ فَقُلْتُ اسْتَأْذَنْ لِعُمَرَ فَدَخَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ قَدْ ذَكَرْتُكَ لَهُ فَصَمَتَ فَرَجَعْتُ فَجَلَسْتُ إِلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ثُمَّ غَلَبَنِي مَا أَجِدُ فَأَتَيْتُ الْغُلَامَ فَقُلْتُ اسْتَأْذَنْ لِعُمَرَ فَدَخَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ قَدْ ذَكَرْتُكَ لَهُ فَسَكَتَ فَوَلَّيْتُ مُدْبِرًا فَإِذَا الْغُلَامُ يَدْعُونِي وَيَقُولُ ادْخُلْ فَقَدْ أَذِنَ لَكَ فَدَخَلْتُ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا هُوَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى رَمْلِ حَصِيرٍ قَدْ أَثَّرَ بِجَنْبِهِ فَقُلْتُ أَطَلَّقْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نِسَاءَكَ؟ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَيَّ وَقَالَ «لَا» فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لَوْ رَأَيْتَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَكُنَّا مَعْشَرُ قُرَيْشٍ قَوْمًا نَغْلِبُ النِّسَاءَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ وَجَدْنَا قَوْمًا تَغْلِبُهُمْ نِسَاؤُهُمْ فَطَفِقَ نِسَاؤُنَا يَتَعَلَّمْنَ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ فَتَغَضَّبْتُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي يَوْمًا فَإِذَا هِيَ تُرَاجِعَنِي فَأَنْكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ أَتُنْكِرُ أَنْ أُرَاجِعَكَ فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّ أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَيُرَاجِعْنَهُ وَتَهْجُرُهُ إِحْدَاهُنَّ الْيَوْمَ إِلَى اللَّيْلِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ قَدْ خَابَ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُنَّ وَخَسِرَتْ أَتَأْمَنُ إِحْدَاهُنَّ أَنْ يَغْضَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا لِغَضَبِ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا هِيَ قَدْ هَلَكَتْ قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا لَا تُرَاجِعِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَا تَسْأَلِيهِ شَيْئًا وَسَلِينِي مَا بَدَا لَكَ وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكِ أَنْ كَانَتْ جَارَتُكِ هِيَ أَوْسَمُ وَأَحَبُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْكِ قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أُخْرَى فَقُلْتُ أَسْتَأْنِسُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» فَجَلَسْتُ فَرَفَعْتُ رَأْسِي فِي الْبَيْتِ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ فِيهِ شَيْئًا يَرُدُّ الْبَصَرَ إِلَّا أُهُبًا ثَلَاثَةً فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُوَسِّعَ عَلَى أُمَّتِكَ فَقَدْ وَسَّعَ اللَّهُ عَلَى فَارِسَ وَالرُّومِ وَهُمْ لَا يَعْبُدُونَهُ قَالَ فَاسْتَوَى جَالِسًا وَقَالَ «أَفِي شَكٍّ أَنْتَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أُولَئِكَ قَوْمٌ عُجِّلَتْ لَهُمْ طَيِّبَاتُهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا» فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَكَانَ أَقْسَمَ لَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَهْرًا مِنْ شِدَّةِ مَوْجِدَتِهِ عَلَيْهِنَّ حَتَّى عَاتَبَهُ اللَّهُ
✧ I was always eager to ask 'Umar b. al-Khattab about the two women among the wives of the Prophet ﷺ about whom Allah said, {If you two repent to Allah, then your hearts have deviated} until 'Umar performed Hajj and I performed Hajj with him. When we were on part of the road, he turned aside to perform ablution, and I turned aside with him with the water vessel. He went to relieve himself, then came to me, and I poured water on his hands, and he performed ablution. I said, "O Commander of the Faithful, who are the two women among the wives of the Prophet ﷺ about whom Allah said, {If you two repent to Allah, then your hearts have deviated}?" 'Umar said, "How amazing you are, O Ibn 'Abbas!" Then he said, "They are 'A'ishah and Hafsah." Then he began to narrate the hadith, saying: We, the people of Quraysh, were a people who dominated women, but when we came to Madinah we found a people whose women dominated them, so our women began to learn from their women. My dwelling was among the Banu Umayyah b. Zayd in al-'Awali. He said: One day I became angry with my wife, and she talked back to me. I disapproved of her talking back to me, and she said, "What do you disapprove of my talking back to you? By Allah, the wives of the Prophet ﷺ talk back to him, and one of them forsakes him for a day until night." He said: So I went and entered upon Hafsah and said, "Do you talk back to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?" She said, "Yes, and one of us forsakes him for a day until night." He said: I said, "You have said it. Whoever does that among you is disappointed and loses. Does one of you feel secure that Allah will be angry with her because of the anger of His Messenger ﷺ? Then she is ruined. Do not talk back to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and do not ask him for anything, but ask me whatever you want. And let not your neighbor deceive you, if she is more beautiful and more beloved to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than you," meaning 'A'ishah. He said: I had a neighbor from the Ansar, and we used to take turns going down to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He would go down one day and I would go down one day, and he would bring me the news of revelation and other things, and I would go down and bring him the like of that. We used to talk that Ghassan was shoeing horses to raid us. He said: One day my companion went down, then he came to me and knocked on my door, then called me, and I went out to him. He said, "A great matter has occurred." I said, "What? Has Ghassan come?" He said, "No, but greater than that and longer. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has divorced his wives." I said, "Hafsah is disappointed and loses. I had thought this would happen." When I prayed the morning prayer, I tightened my clothes, then went down and entered upon Hafsah, and she was crying. I said, "Has the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divorced you?" She said, "I do not know. He is there, secluded in this upper room." He said: So I went to a black slave of his and said, "Ask permission for 'Umar." The slave entered, then came out to me and said, "I mentioned you to him, but he said nothing." So I went until I came to the mosque, and there were people sitting around the pulpit, some of them crying to one another. He said: I sat for a little, then what I felt overcame me, so I went to the slave and said, "Ask permission for 'Umar." He entered, then came out to me and said, "I mentioned you to him, but he remained silent." So I returned and sat by the pulpit, then what I felt overcame me, so I went to the slave and said, "Ask permission for 'Umar." He entered, then came out to me and said, "I mentioned you to him, but he remained silent." So I turned to leave, and the slave called me and said, "Enter, for he has given you permission." So I entered and greeted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he was reclining on a sand bed that had left marks on his side. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, have you divorced your wives?" He said: He raised his head to me and said, "No." I said, "Allah is Most Great. If you had seen us, O Messenger of Allah, we the people of Quraysh were a people who dominated women, but when we came to Madinah we found a people whose women dominated them, so our women began to learn from their women. One day I became angry with my wife, and she talked back to me. I disapproved of that from her, and she said, 'Do you disapprove of my talking back to you? By Allah, the wives of the Prophet ﷺ talk back to him, and one of them forsakes him for a day until night.'" He said: I said, "Whoever does that among them is disappointed and loses. Does one of them feel secure that Allah will be angry with her because of the anger of His Messenger ﷺ? Then she is ruined." He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I entered upon Hafsah and said to her, 'Do not talk back to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and do not ask him for anything, but ask me whatever you want. And let not your neighbor deceive you, if she is more beautiful and more beloved to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than you.'" He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled again. I said, "May I sit and be at ease, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "Yes." So I sat down, and I raised my head in the house. By Allah, I saw nothing in it that would attract the eye except three hides. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, supplicate Allah to expand for your ummah, for Allah has expanded for Persia and Rome, and they do not worship Him." He said: He sat up straight and said, "Are you in doubt, O Ibn al-Khattab? Those are a people whose good things were hastened for them in the life of this world." I said, "Ask forgiveness for me, O Messenger of Allah." And he had sworn not to enter upon them for a month because of his intense anger with them, until Allah admonished him.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4269No grade recorded
كَانَ فِي بَرِيرَةَ ثَلَاثُ قَضِيَّاتٍ أَرَادَ أَهْلُهَا أَنْ يَبِيعُوهَا وَيَشْتَرِطُوا الْوَلَاءَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «اشْتَرِيهَا وَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ» وَعَتَقَتْ فَخَيَّرَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا وَكَانَتْ يُتَصَدَّقُ عَلَيْهَا فَتُهْدِي لَنَا مِنْهُ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «كُلُوا فَإِنَّهُ عَلَيْهَا صَدَقَةٌ وَهُوَ لَكُمْ هَدِيَّةٌ»
✧ There were three rulings concerning Barirah. Her owners wanted to sell her and stipulate the wala'. I mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said, "Buy her and manumit her, for the wala' belongs to the one who manumits." She was manumitted, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her the choice, and she chose herself. She used to be given charity, and she would give us a gift from it. I mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said, "Eat, for it is charity for her and a gift for you."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4270No grade recorded
«خَيَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَرِيرَةَ فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا»
✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave Barirah the choice, and she chose herself."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4271No grade recorded
أَنَّهَا اشْتَرَتْ بَرِيرَةَ وَاشْتَرَطَ أَهْلُهَا وَلَاءَهَا فَقَالَ ﷺ «اعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْطَى الْوَرِقَ وَوَلِيَ النِّعْمَةَ» قَالَتْ فَأَعْتَقْتُهَا فَخَيَّرَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ لَوْ أُعْطِيتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا مَا كُنْتُ مَعَهُ قَالَ الْأَسْوَدُ «وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا»
✧ She bought Barirah, and her owners stipulated their wala'. He ﷺ said, "Manumit her, for the wala' belongs to the one who paid the silver and took charge of the favor." She said: So I manumitted her, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her the choice. She said, "Even if I were given such and such, I would not be with him." Al-Aswad said: "And her husband was a free man."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4272No grade recorded
كَاتَبَتْ بَرِيرَةَ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا بِتِسْعَةِ أَوَاقٍ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ أُوقِيَّةً فَأَتَتْ عَائِشَةَ تَسْتَعِينُهَا فَقَالَتْ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاؤُوا أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَيَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لِي فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ فَكَلَّمَتْ بِذَلِكَ أَهْلَهَا فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لَهُمْ فَجَاءَتْ إِلَى عَائِشَةَ وَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ لَهَا مَا قَالَ أَهْلُهَا فَقَالَتْ لَاهَا اللَّهِ إِذًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا هَذَا؟ » فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ بَرِيرَةَ أَتَتْنِي تَسْتَعِينُنِي عَلَى كِتَابَتِهَا فَقُلْتُ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاؤُوا أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ عَدَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَيَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لِي فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِأَهْلِهَا فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «ابْتَاعِيهَا وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ وَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّ الْوَلَاءَ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ»
✧ Barirah contracted with herself for nine uqiyyas, one uqiyya each year. She came to Aisha seeking her help, and she said, "No, unless they agree that I count it for them as a single payment and the wala' is mine." Barirah went and spoke to her owners about that, but they refused, insisting that the wala' be theirs. She came to Aisha, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came at that time, and she told her what her owners said. She said, "No, by Allah, unless the wala' is mine." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "What is this?" I said, "O Messenger of Allah, Barirah came to me seeking my help with her contract, and I said, 'No, unless they agree that I count it for them as a single payment and the wala' is mine.' She mentioned that to her owners, but they refused, insisting that the wala' be theirs." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Buy her and stipulate the wala' for them, then manumit her, for the wala' belongs to the one who manumits."
أَنَّ زَوْجَ بَرِيرَةَ كَانَ عَبْدًا يُقَالُ لَهُ مُغِيثٌ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ يَطُوفُ خَلْفَهَا يَبْكِي وَدُمُوعُهُ تَسِيلُ عَلَى لِحْيَتِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِلْعَبَّاسِ «يَا عَبَّاسُ أَلَا تَعْجَبُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ حُبِّ مُغِيثٍ بَرِيرَةَ وَمِنْ شِدَّةِ بُغْضِ بَرِيرَةَ مُغِيثًا» فَقَالَ لَهَا ﷺ «لَوْ رَاجَعْتِيهِ فَإِنَّهُ أَبُو وَلَدِكِ» قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتَأْمُرُنِي بِهِ؟ قَالَ ﷺ «إِنَّمَا أَنَا شَافِعٌ» قَالَتْ فَلَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِ
✧ That Barirah's husband was a slave called Mughith. It is as if I am looking at him following behind her, weeping with tears flowing onto his beard. The Prophet ﷺ said to al-Abbas, "O Abbas, do you not marvel at the intensity of Mughith's love for Barirah and the intensity of Barirah's hatred for Mughith?" He ﷺ said to her, "Would you take him back, for he is the father of your child?" She said, "O Messenger of Allah, are you commanding me?" He ﷺ said, "I am only interceding." She said, "I have no need of him."
«أَنُّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ طَلَّقَ حَفْصَةُ ثُمَّ رَاجَعَهَا»
✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ divorced Hafsah then took her back."
دَخَلَ عُمَرُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ وَهِيَ تَبْكِي فَقَالَ «مَا يُبْكِيكِ لَعَلَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ طَلَّقَكِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ طَلَّقَكِ ثُمَّ رَاجَعَكِ مِنْ أَجْلِي فَأَيْمُ اللَّهِ لَئِنْ كَانَ طَلَّقَكِ لَا كَلَّمْتُكِ كَلِمَةً أَبَدًا»
✧ Umar entered upon Hafsah while she was weeping, and he said, "What makes you weep? Perhaps the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has divorced you. He had divorced you once and taken you back because of me. By Allah, if he has divorced you, I will never speak to you again."
أَنَّهُ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ الْبَتَّةَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مَا أَرَدْتَ بِهَا؟ » قَالَ وَاحِدَةً قَالَ «آللَّهِ؟ » قَالَ آللَّهِ قَالَ «هِيَ عَلَى مَا أَرَدْتَ»
✧ That he divorced his wife irrevocably, and he came to the Prophet ﷺ, who said, "What did you intend by it?" He said, "One." He said, "By Allah?" He said, "By Allah." He said, "It is according to what you intended."
«آلَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ فَجَعَلَ الْحَرَامَ حَلَالًا وَجَعَلَ فِي الْيَمِينِ كَفَّارَةً»
✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ swore an oath of Ila' from his wives, and he made the forbidden lawful and made an expiation for the oath."
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4277No grade recorded
آلَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ وَكَانَتِ انْفَكَّتْ رِجْلُهُ فَأَقَامَ فِي مَشْرُبَةٍ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ آلَيْتَ شَهْرًا قَالَ «الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ swore an oath of Ila' from his wives, and his foot was dislocated. He stayed in an upper room for twenty-nine days, then came down. They said, "O Messenger of Allah, you swore an oath for a month." He said, "The month is twenty-nine."
فِي وَاللَّهِ وَفِي أَوْسِ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا صَدْرَ سُورَةِ الْمُجَادِلَةِ قَالَتْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ وَكَانَ شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا قَدْ سَاءَ خُلُقُهُ وَضَجِرَ قَالَتْ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ يَوْمًا فَرَاجَعْتُهُ فِي شَيْءٍ فَغَضِبَ وَقَالَ أَنْتِ عَلَيَّ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّي ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَجَلَسَ فِي نَادِي قَوْمِهِ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ فَإِذَا هُوَ يُرِيدُنِي عَلَى نَفْسِي قَالَتْ قُلْتُ كَلَّا وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ خُوَيْلَةَ بِيَدِهِ لَا تَخْلُصُ إِلَيَّ وَقَدْ قُلْتَ مَا قُلْتَ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ فِينَا بِحُكْمِهِ قَالَتْ فَوَاثَبَنِي فَامْتَنَعْتُ مِنْهُ فَغَلَبَتْهُ بِمَا تَغْلِبُ بِهِ الْمَرْأَةُ الشَّيْخَ الضَّعِيفَ فَأَلْقَيْتُهُ تَحْتِي ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ إِلَى بَعْضِ جَارَاتِي فَاسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْهَا ثِيَابًا ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ حَتَّى جِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَجَلَسْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ مَا لَقِيتُ مِنْهُ فَجَعَلْتُ أَشْكُو إِلَيْهِ مَا أَلْقَى مِنْ سُوءِ خُلُقِهِ قَالَتْ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «يَا خُوَيْلَةُ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ فَاتَّقِي اللَّهَ فِيهِ» قَالَتْ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا بَرِحْتُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ فَتَغَشَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا كَانَ يَغْشَاهُ ثُمَّ سُرِّيَ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ «يَا خُوَيْلَةُ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا فِيكِ وَفِي صَاحِبِكِ» قَالَتْ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَلَيَّ {قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا وَتَشْتَكِي إِلَى اللَّهِ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَلِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ} فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مُرِيهِ فَلْيُعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً» قَالَتْ وَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا عِنْدَهُ مَا يَعْتِقُ قَالَ «فَلْيَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ» قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ مَا بِهِ مِنْ صِيَامٍ قَالَ «فَلْيُطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا وَسْقًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ» فَقُلْتُ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا ذَلِكَ عِنْدَهُ قَالَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَإِنَّا سَنُعِينُهُ بِعَرَقٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ» قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ وَأَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ سَأُعِينُهُ بِعَرَقٍ آخَرَ فَقَالَ «أَصَبْتِ وَأَحْسَنْتِ فَاذْهَبِي فَتَصَدَّقِي بِهِ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ اسْتَوْصِي بِابْنِ عَمِّكِ خَيْرًا» قَالَتْ فَفَعَلْتُ
✧ Concerning 'By Allah' and concerning Aws b. al-Samit, Allah, Mighty and Exalted, revealed the beginning of Surat al-Mujadilah. She said: I was with him, and he was a very old man, ill-tempered and irritable. One day he came in to me, and I argued with him about something, and he became angry and said, "You are to me like my mother's back." Then he went out and sat in the gathering place of his people for a while, then came back to me and wanted me for himself. I said, "No, by the One in whose hand is the soul of Khuwaylah, you will not reach me after what you have said until Allah and His Messenger judge between us." She said: Then he pounced on me, and I resisted him, overpowering him as a woman overpowers a weak old man, and I threw him beneath me. Then I went out to one of my neighbors and borrowed clothes from her, then I went out until I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and sat before him. I mentioned to him what I had encountered from him, complaining about his ill temper. She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ began saying, "O Khuwaylah, your cousin is a very old man, so fear Allah concerning him." She said: By Allah, I did not leave until the Quran was revealed, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was overcome by what used to overcome him, then it was lifted from him, and he said, "O Khuwaylah, Allah, Mighty and Exalted, has revealed concerning you and your companion." She said: Then he recited to me: {Allah has heard the words of the one who argues with you concerning her husband and complains to Allah} up to His saying {and for the disbelievers is a painful punishment}. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Tell him to free a slave." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, he has nothing to free." He said, "Then let him fast two consecutive months." I said, "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, he is a very old man, not capable of fasting." He said, "Then let him feed sixty poor people a wasq of dates." I said, "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, he does not have that." She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Then we will help him with an araq of dates." She said: I said, "And I, O Messenger of Allah, will help him with another araq." He said, "You have done well and excelled; go and give charity on his behalf, then advise your cousin well." She said: So I did.
أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَحْتَ ثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ وَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ فَوَجَدَ حَبِيبَةَ بِنْتَ سَهْلٍ عَلَى بَابِهِ فِي الْغَلَسِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا شَأْنُكِ؟ » فَقَالَتْ لَا أَنَا وَلَا ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ لِزَوْجِهَا فَلَمَّا جَاءَ ثَابِتٌ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هَذِهِ حَبِيبَةُ بِنْتُ سَهْلٍ قَدْ ذَكَرَتْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تَذْكُرَ» قَالَتْ حَبِيبَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كُلُّ مَا أَعْطَانِي عِنْدِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِثَابِتِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ «خُذْ مِنْهَا» فَأَخَذَ مِنْهَا وَجَلَسَتْ فِي أَهْلِهَا
✧ She was married to Thabit b. Qais b. Shammas, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out for the dawn prayer and found Habibah bint Sahl at his door in the darkness. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'What is the matter with you?' She said, 'Neither I nor Thabit b. Qais,' meaning her husband. When Thabit came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'This is Habibah bint Sahl; she has mentioned what Allah willed that she mention.' Habibah said, 'O Messenger of Allah, all that he gave me is with me.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Thabit b. Qais, 'Take it from her.' So he took it from her, and she sat with her family.
كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْمَدِينَةِ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ وَجَدَ رَجُلٌ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا فَإِنْ قَتَلَهُ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ وَإِنْ سَكَتَ سَكَتَ عَلَى غَيْظٍ فَوَاللَّهِ لَأَسْأَلَنَّ عَنْهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ غَدَا عَلَيْهِ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ لَوْ وَجَدَ رَجُلٌ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا فَإِنْ قَتَلَهُ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ وَإِنْ تَكَلَّمَ جَلَدْتُمُوهُ وَإِنْ سَكَتَ سَكَتَ عَلَى غَيْظٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ افْتَحْ فَنَزَلَتْ {وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ} هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتُ فِي اللِّعَانِ فَجَاءَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَامْرَأَتُهُ فَتَلَاعَنَا فَشَهِدَ الرَّجُلُ أَرْبَعَ مَرَّاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لِمَنِ الصَّادِقِينَ وَالْخَامِسَةُ أَنَّ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ فَلَمَّا أَخَذَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ لِتَلْتَعِنَ قَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَهْ» فَالْتَعَنَتْ فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَتْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ « فَلَعَلَّهَا أَنْ تَجِيءَ بِهِ أَسْوَدَ جَعْدًا» فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ أَسْوَدَ جَعْدًا
✧ We were with the Prophet ﷺ in the mosque of Madinah one night when a man said, 'What do you think: if a man finds another man with his wife, if he kills him you will kill him, and if he remains silent he remains silent in anger. By Allah, I will certainly ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about it.' When morning came, he went to him and asked him. He said, 'If a man finds another man with his wife, if he kills him you will kill him, and if he speaks you will flog him, and if he remains silent he remains silent in anger.' Then he said, 'O Allah, open (grant a ruling).' So it was revealed: {And those who accuse their wives}—these verses about li'an. Then the man came to the Prophet ﷺ with his wife, and they performed li'an. The man testified four times by Allah that he was truthful, and the fifth that the curse of Allah be upon him if he was lying. When his wife began to pronounce li'an, the Prophet ﷺ said to her, 'Stop.' Then she pronounced li'an. When she turned away, the Prophet ﷺ said, 'Perhaps she will bring forth a black, curly-haired child.' And she brought forth a black, curly-haired child.
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4282No grade recorded
أَنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ قَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ وَجَدْتُ مَعَ امْرَأَتِي رَجُلًا أُمْهِلُهُ حَتَّى آتِيَ بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَعَمْ»
✧ Sa'd b. 'Ubadah said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, 'O Messenger of Allah, what do you think: if I find a man with my wife, should I give him respite until I bring four witnesses?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Yes.'
أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلًا رَأَى مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا يَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ بِهِ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا مَا ذِكْرُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ مِنَ الْمُتَلَاعِنِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَدْ قُضِيَ فِيكَ وَفِي امْرَأَتِكَ» قَالَ فَتَلَاعَنَا وَأَنَا شَاهِدٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَمْسِكُهَا فَقَدْ كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَفَارَقَهَا فَكَانَتْ سُنَّةٌ بَعْدُ أَنْ يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْمُتَلَاعِنِينَ فَكَانَتْ حَامِلًا فَأَنْكَرَ حَمْلَهَا وَكَانَ ابْنُهَا يُدْعَى إِلَيْهَا ثُمَّ جَرَتِ السُّنَّةُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ أَنْ يَرِثَهَا وَتَرِثُ مِنْهُ مَا فَرَضَ اللَّهُ لَهَا
✧ A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what do you think about a man who sees a man with his wife—should he kill him and you would kill him, or how should he act?' Then Allah, glorified and exalted, revealed what is mentioned in the Qur'an about the li'an spouses. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, 'A judgment has been given concerning you and your wife.' He (the narrator) said, 'So they performed li'an while I was present with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then he said, "O Messenger of Allah, if I keep her, I will have lied about her." So he separated from her, and it became a sunnah thereafter that the li'an spouses be separated. She was pregnant, and he denied her pregnancy, and her son was attributed to her. Then the sunnah regarding inheritance was established: that she inherit from him and he inherit from her as Allah ordained for her.'
أَنَّ عُوَيْمِرَ الْعَجْلَانِيَّ جَاءَ إِلَى عَاصِمِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا عَاصِمُ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوَ أَنَّ رَجُلًا وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَفْعَلُ؟ سَلْ لِي يَا عَاصِمُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَسَأَلَ عَاصِمُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تِلْكَ الْمَسَائِلَ وَعَابَهَا حَتَّى كَبُرَ عَلَى عَاصِمٍ مَا سَمِعَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ عَاصِمٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ جَاءَهُ عُوَيْمِرٌ فَقَالَ يَا عَاصِمُ مَاذَا قَالَ لَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ عَاصِمٌ لِعُوَيْمِرٍ لَمْ تَأْتِنِي بِخَيْرٍ قَدْ كَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَسْأَلَةَ الَّتِي سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ عُوَيْمِرٌ وَاللَّهِ لَا أَنْتَهِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْهَا فَجَاءَ عُوَيْمِرٌ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَسَطَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَدْ أُنْزِلَ فِيكَ وَفِي صَاحِبَتِكَ فَاذْهَبْ فَأْتِ بِهَا» فَقَالَ سَهْلٌ فَتَلَاعَنَا وَأَنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَا مِنْ تَلَاعُنِهِمَا قَالَ عُوَيْمِرٌ كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَمْسَكْتُهَا فَطَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْمُرُهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ
✧ 'Uwaimir al-'Ajlani came to 'Asim b. 'Adi al-Ansari and said to him, 'O 'Asim, what do you think: if a man finds a man with his wife, should he kill him and you would kill him, or how should he act? Ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about that for me.' So 'Asim asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about that, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked such questions and criticized them, so much so that it became burdensome for 'Asim what he heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When 'Asim returned to his family, 'Uwaimir came to him and said, 'O 'Asim, what did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say to you?' 'Asim said to 'Uwaimir, 'You have not brought me any good. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked the question I asked him about.' 'Uwaimir said, 'By Allah, I will not stop until I ask him about it.' So 'Uwaimir came while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was among the people, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Revelation has come concerning you and your wife, so go and bring her.' Sahl said, 'So they performed li'an while I was with the people near the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When they finished their li'an, 'Uwaimir said, "I lied about her, O Messenger of Allah, if I keep her." So he divorced her three times before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded him.'
أَنَّ عُوَيْمِرًا الْعَجْلَانِيَّ أَتَى عَاصِمَ بْنَ عَدِيٍّ وَكَانَ سَيِّدُ بَنِي الْعَجْلَانِ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ تَقُولُونَ فِي رَجُلٍ وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ؟ فَقَالَ سَلْ لِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَأَتَى عَاصِمٌ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَجُلٌ وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا أَيَقْتُلُهُ فَتَقْتُلُونَهُ أَمْ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ؟ فَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَسَائِلَ وَعَابَهَا فَأَتَى عُوَيْمِرًا فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَدْ كَرِهَ الْمَسَائِلَ وَعَابَهَا فَقَالَ عُوَيْمِرٌ وَاللَّهِ لَا أَنْتَهِي حَتَّى أَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَتَى عُوَيْمِرٌ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا فِيكَ وَفِي صَاحِبَتِكَ» فَأَمَرَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَلَاعَنَا بِمَا سَمَّى اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ قَالَ فَلَاعَنَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ حَبَسْتُهَا فَقَدْ ظَلَمْتُهَا قَالَ فَطَلَّقَهَا وَكَانَتْ سُنَّةٌ لِمَنْ بَعْدَهُمَا مِنَ الْمُتَلَاعِنِينَ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «انْظُرُوا فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَسْحَمَ أَدْعَجَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ عَظِيمَ الْأَلْيَتَيْنِ خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ فَلَا أَحْسِبُ عُوَيْمِرًا إِلَّا قَدْ صَدَقَ عَلَيْهَا وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أُحَيْمِرَ كَأَنَّهُ وَحْرَةٌ فَلَا أَحْسِبُ عُوَيْمِرًا إِلَّا وَقَدْ كَذَبَ عَلَيْهَا» قَالَ فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ عَلَى النَّعْتِ الَّذِي نَعَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ تَصْدِيقِ عُوَيْمِرٍ قَالَ فَكَانَ يُنْسَبُ بَعْدُ إِلَى أُمِّهِ
✧ 'Uwaimir al-'Ajlani came to 'Asim b. 'Adi, who was the chief of Banu 'Ajlan, and said, 'What do you say about a man who finds a man with his wife—should he kill him and you would kill him, or how should he act?' He said, 'Ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about that for me.' So 'Asim went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, a man finds a man with his wife—should he kill him and you would kill him, or how should he act?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked such questions and criticized them. Then 'Asim came to 'Uwaimir and said to him, 'The Prophet ﷺ has disliked such questions and criticized them.' 'Uwaimir said, 'By Allah, I will not stop until I ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about that.' So 'Uwaimir went and asked him, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Allah, glorified and exalted, has revealed (verses) concerning you and your wife.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded them, so they performed li'an using what Allah named in His Book. He said, 'So he pronounced li'an against her, then said, "O Messenger of Allah, if I keep her, I will have wronged her." So he divorced her, and it became a sunnah for those after them among the li'an spouses. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Observe: if she gives birth to a child who is dark, with very black eyes, large buttocks, and thick legs, then I think 'Uwaimir has spoken truthfully about her; but if she gives birth to a reddish child as if he were a small lizard, then I think 'Uwaimir has lied about her." He said, 'So she gave birth to a child matching the description the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave, confirming 'Uwaimir.' He said, 'Thereafter the child was attributed to his mother.'
أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَنَا رَأَى امْرَأَتَهُ عَلَى فَاحِشَةٍ كَيْفَ يَصْنَعُ؟ إِنْ تَكَلَّمَ تَكَلَّمَ بِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ وَإِنْ سَكَتَ سَكَتَ عَلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بَعْدُ ذَلِكَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الَّذِي سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْهُ قَدِ ابْتُلِيتُ بِهِ «فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ فَدَعَا الرَّجُلَ فَتَلَاهُنَّ عَلَيْهِ وَوَعَظَهُ وَذَكَّرَهُ وَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ» فَقَالَ لَا وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا «ثُمَّ دَعَا بِالْمَرْأَةِ فَوَعَظَهَا وَذَكَّرَهَا وَأَخْبَرَهَا أَنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ» فَقَالَتْ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ إِنَّهُ لَكَاذِبٌ «فَبَدَأَ بِالرَّجُلِ فَشَهِدَ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لِمَنِ الصَّادِقِينَ وَالْخَامِسَةُ أَنَّ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ ثُمَّ ثَنَّى بِالْمَرْأَةِ فَشَهِدَتْ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لِمَنِ الْكَاذِبِينَ وَالْخَامِسَةُ أَنَّ غَضِبَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ثُمَّ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا»
✧ What do you think: if one of us sees his wife committing lewdness, how should he act? If he speaks, he speaks about a grave matter, and if he remains silent, he remains silent about the like. The Prophet ﷺ did not answer him. Later, he came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, the matter I asked you about has befallen me.' Then Allah, glorified and exalted, revealed these verses. He called the man and recited them to him, admonished him, reminded him, and informed him that the punishment of this world is lighter than the punishment of the Hereafter. He said, 'No, by the One who sent you with the truth, I did not lie about her.' Then he called the woman, admonished her, reminded her, and informed her that the punishment of this world is lighter than the punishment of the Hereafter. She said, 'By the One who sent you with the truth, he is lying.' He began with the man, who testified four times by Allah that he was truthful, and the fifth that the curse of Allah be upon him if he was lying. Then he followed with the woman, who testified four times by Allah that he was lying, and the fifth that the wrath of Allah be upon her if he was truthful. Then he separated them.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ «حِسَابُكُمَا عَلَى اللَّهِ أَحَدَكُمَا كَاذِبٌ لَا سَبِيلَ لَكَ عَلَيْهَا» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَالِي؟ قَالَ «لَا مَالَ لَكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ صَدَقْتَ عَلَيْهَا فَهُوَ مَا اسْتَحْلَلْتَ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَإِنْ كُنْتَ كَذَبْتَ عَلَيْهَا فَذَاكَ أَبْعَدُ لَكَ»
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to the two li'an spouses, 'Your account is with Allah; one of you is lying. You have no way against her.' He said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what about my property?' He said, 'You have no property. If you were truthful about her, then it is what you made lawful of her private part; and if you were lying about her, then that is even further from you.'
أَنَّ رَجُلًا لَاعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَانْتَفَى مِنْ وَلَدِهَا «فَفَرَّقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمَا وَأَلْحَقَ الْوَلَدَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ»
✧ A man pronounced li'an against his wife in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and disowned her child. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ separated them and attached the child to the woman.
أَنَّ أَبَا عَمْرِو بْنِ حَفْصٍ طَلَّقَهَا الْبَتَّةَ وَهُوَ غَائِبٌ بِالشَّامِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا وَكِيلَهُ بِشَعِيرٍ فَسَخِطَتْهُ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا لَكَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا «لَيْسَ لَكِ عَلَيْهِ نَفَقَةٌ» وَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ شَرِيكٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ «تِلْكَ امْرَأَةٌ يَغْشَاهَا أَصْحَابِي فَاعْتَدِّي عِنْدَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَإِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْمَى تَضَعِينَ ثِيَابَكِ حَيْثُ شِئْتِ فَإِذَا حَلَلْتِ فَآذِنِينِي» قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا حَلَلْتُ ذَكَرْتُ لَهُ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَأَبَا جَهْمٍ خَطَبَانِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَمَّا أَبُو جَهْمٍ فَلَا يَضَعُ عَصَاهُ عَنْ عَاتِقِهِ وَأَمَّا مُعَاوِيَةُ فَصُعْلُوكٌ لَا مَالَ لَهُ انْكِحِي أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ» قَالَتْ فَكَرِهْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ «انْكِحِي أُسَامَةَ» فَنَكَحْتُهُ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيْرًا وَاغْتَبَطْتُ بِهِ
✧ Abu 'Amr b. Hafs divorced her irrevocably while he was absent in Syria. He sent his agent to her with barley, and she was displeased with it. He said, 'By Allah, you have no claim on us for anything.' She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned that to him. He said to her, 'You have no right to maintenance from him,' and commanded her to observe her waiting period in the house of Umm Sharik. Then he said, 'That is a woman whom my companions visit; observe your waiting period with Ibn Umm Maktum, for he is a blind man, and you can put off your garments wherever you wish. When you become lawful, inform me.' She said, 'When I became lawful, I mentioned to him that Mu'awiyah b. Abi Sufyan and Abu Jahm had proposed to me.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'As for Abu Jahm, he does not put down his stick from his shoulder; and as for Mu'awiyah, he is destitute with no property. Marry Usamah b. Zaid.' She said, 'I disliked that.' Then he said, 'Marry Usamah.' So I married him, and Allah placed good in him, and I was content with him.
«الْمُطَلَّقَةُ ثَلَاثًا لَيْسَ لَهَا سُكْنَى وَلَا نَفَقَةٌ»
✧ A woman divorced three times has no right to housing or maintenance.
أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فِي بَنِي خُدْرَةَ فَإِنَّ زَوْجَهَا خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِ أَعْبُدٍ لَهُ أَبَقُوا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِطَرَفِ الْقَدُومِ لَحِقَهُمْ فَقَتَلُوهُ فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِي فَإِنَّ زَوْجِي لَمْ يَتْرُكْنِي فِي مَنْزِلٍ يَمْلِكُهُ وَلَا نَفَقَةَ فَقَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَعَمْ» فَانْصَرَفْتُ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ أَوْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ دَعَانِي أَوْ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَدُعِيتُ لَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «كَيْفَ قُلْتِ؟ » قَالَتْ فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ الَّتِي ذَكَرْتُ مِنْ شَأْنِ زَوْجِي فَقَالَ «امْكُثِي فِي بَيْتِكِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ» قَالَتْ فَاعْتَدَدْتُ فِيهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا
✧ She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking him to allow her to return to her family among the Banu Khudrah, for her husband had gone out in pursuit of some slaves of his who had fled, and when they were at the edge of al-Qadum, they caught up with him and killed him. I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to allow me to return to my family, for my husband had not left me in a house that he owned, nor any maintenance. She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Yes.' So I turned away, and when I was in the room or in the mosque, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called me or ordered me to be called, so I was summoned to him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'What did you say?' She said: I repeated to him the story I had mentioned about my husband's situation. He said, 'Stay in your house until the prescribed term reaches its end.' She said: So I observed the waiting period in it for four months and ten days.
أَنَّ زَوْجَهَا كَانَ فِي قَرْيَةٍ مِنْ قُرَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَأَنَّهُ تَبَعَ أَعْلَاجًا فَقَتَلُوهُ فَأَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَتِ الْوَحْشَةِ وَذَكَرَتْ أَنَّهَا فِي مَنْزِلٍ لَيْسَ لَهَا وَأَنَّهَا اسْتَأْذَنْتُهُ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ إِخْوَتَهَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا ثُمَّ أَعَادَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهَا «امْكُثِي فِي بَيْتِكِ الَّذِي جَاءَ فِيهِ نَعْيُهُ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ»
✧ Her husband was in one of the villages of Madinah, and he pursued some non-Arab laborers, and they killed him. She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned her feeling of loneliness and mentioned that she was in a house that did not belong to her, and she asked his permission to go to her brothers in Madinah. He granted her permission, then called her back and said to her, 'Stay in the house in which the news of his death came to you until the prescribed term reaches its end.'
أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ الزُّهْرِيَّ أَنِ ادْخُلْ عَلَى سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةِ فَاسْأَلْهَا عَمَّا أَفْتَاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي حَمْلِهَا قَالَ فَدَخَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ فَسَأَلَهَا فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَحْتَ سَعْدِ بْنِ خَوْلَةَ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا فَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ فَوَلَدَتْ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمْضِيَ لَهَا أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٍ مِنْ وَفَاةِ بَعْلِهَا فَلَمَّا تَعَلَّتْ مِنْ نِفَاسِهَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ بْنُ بَعْكَكٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ فَرَآهَا مُتَجَمِّلَةً فَقَالَ لَهَا لَعَلَّكِ تُرِيدِينَ النِّكَاحَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُرَّ عَلَيْكِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٍ قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا سَمِعْتُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَبِي السَّنَابِلِ جِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ وَاسْتَفْتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَدْ حَلَلْتِ حِينَ وَضَعْتِ حَمْلَكِ»
✧ Abd Allah b. Utbah wrote to Umar b. Abd Allah b. al-Arqam al-Zuhri: Enter upon Subay'ah bt. al-Harith al-Aslamiyyah and ask her about the ruling the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her concerning her pregnancy. He said: Umar b. Abd Allah entered upon her and asked her, and she informed him that she had been married to Sa'd b. Khawlah, who was one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, one of those who witnessed Badr. He died leaving her during the Farewell Pilgrimage, and she gave birth before four months and ten days had elapsed since her husband's death. When she recovered from her post-natal bleeding, Abu al-Sanabil b. Ba'kak, a man from the Banu Abd al-Dar, entered upon her and saw her adorned, and said to her, 'Perhaps you want to marry before four months and ten days have passed over you.' She said: When I heard that from Abu al-Sanabil, I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him and asked his ruling. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'You have become lawful when you gave birth to your child.'
سُئِلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ امْرَأَةٍ وَضَعَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِأَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «آخِرَ الْأَجَلَيْنِ» قَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ فَقُلْتُ أَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ {وَأُولَاتُ الْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَنْ يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ} قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ «أَنَا مَعَ ابْنِ أَخِي» يَعْنِي أَبَا سَلَمَةَ فَأَرْسَلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ كُرَيْبًا إِلَى أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَسْأَلَهُنَّ هَلْ سَمِعْتُنَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي ذَلِكَ سُنَّةً؟ فَأَرْسَلْنَ إِلَيْهِ «أَنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةَ وَضَعَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِأَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً فَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ»
✧ Ibn Abbas was asked about a woman who gave birth forty nights after her husband's death. Ibn Abbas said, 'The later of the two terms.' Abu Salamah said: I said, 'But has not Allah said: "And for those who are pregnant, their term is until they give birth"?' Abu Hurayrah said, 'I am with my nephew,' meaning Abu Salamah. So Ibn Abbas sent Kurayb to the wives of the Prophet ﷺ to ask them whether they had heard any Sunnah from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ concerning that. They sent back to him: 'Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah gave birth forty nights after her husband's death, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had her married.'
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4296No grade recorded
أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبَا سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ اخْتَلَفَا فِي الْمَرْأَةِ تَنْفَسُ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِلَيَالٍ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ «آخِرَ الْأَجَلَيْنِ» وَقَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ إِذَا نُفِسَتْ فَقَدْ حَلَّتْ قَالَ فَجَاءَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَقَالَ أَنَا مَعَ ابْنِ أَخِي يَعْنِي أَبَا سَلَمَةَ فَبَعَثُوا كُرَيْبًا مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ إِلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَجَاءَهُمْ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ وَلَدَتْ سُبَيْعَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةُ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِلَيَالٍ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهَا «قَدْ حَلَلْتِ فَانْكِحِي»
✧ Abd Allah b. Abbas and Abu Salamah b. Abd al-Rahman differed about a woman who gave birth a few nights after her husband's death. Abd Allah said, 'The later of the two terms,' and Abu Salamah said, 'When she gives birth, she has become lawful.' He said: Abu Hurayrah came and said, 'I am with my nephew,' meaning Abu Salamah. So they sent Kurayb, the freed slave of Ibn Abbas, to Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, and he asked her about that. He came back to them and informed them that she said: Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah gave birth a few nights after her husband's death, and she mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said to her, 'You have become lawful, so marry.'
Sahih Ibn Hibban 4297No grade recorded
سُئِلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «آخِرُ الْأَجَلَيْنِ» وَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ «إِذَا وَلَدَتْ فَقَدْ حَلَّتْ» فَدَخَلَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَسَأَلَهَا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَتْ وَلَدَتْ سُبَيْعَةُ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةُ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِنِصْفِ شَهْرٍ فَخَطَبَهَا رَجُلَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا شَابٌّ وَالْآخَرُ كَهْلٌ فَحَطَّتْ إِلَى الشَّابِّ فَقَالَ الْكَهْلُ لَمْ تَحْلُلْ وَكَانَ أَهْلُهَا غَيْبًا وَرَجَا إِذَا جَاءَ أَهْلُهَا أَنْ يُؤْثِرُوهُ بِهَا فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «قَدْ حَلَلْتِ فَانْكِحِي مَنْ شِئْتِ»
✧ Abd Allah b. Abbas and Abu Hurayrah were asked about a woman whose husband died while she was pregnant. Ibn Abbas said, 'The later of the two terms,' and Abu Hurayrah said, 'When she gives birth, she has become lawful.' Then Abu Salamah entered upon Umm Salamah and asked her about that. She said: Subay'ah al-Aslamiyyah gave birth half a month after her husband's death. Two men proposed to her, one a young man and the other an older man, and she inclined to the young man. The older man said, 'You have not become lawful.' Her family was absent, and he hoped that when her family came, they would prefer him to her. She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said, 'You have become lawful, so marry whomever you wish.'
وَضَعَتْ سُبَيْعَةُ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِأَيَّامٍ قَلَائِلَ فَأَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ فِي النِّكَاحِ «فَأَذِنَ لَهَا»
✧ Subay'ah gave birth a few days after her husband's death. She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked his permission to marry, and he granted her permission.
وَضَعَتْ سُبَيْعَةُ حَمْلَهَا بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِثَلَاثَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ أَوْ خَمْسَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً فَلَمَّا وَضَعَتْ تَشَوَّفَتِ الْأَزْوَاجَ فَعِيبَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهَا فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «وَمَا يَمْنَعُهَا وَقَدِ انْقَضَى أَجَلُهَا»
✧ Subay'ah gave birth to her child twenty-three or twenty-five nights after her husband's death. When she gave birth, she adorned herself for suitors, and that was disapproved of for her. That was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he said, 'What prevents her? Her term has ended.'
لَا تُلْبِسُوا عَلَيْنَا سُنَّةَ نَبِيِّنَا ﷺ «عِدَّةُ أُمِّ الْوَلَدِ عِدَّةُ الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا»
✧ "Do not impose upon us the practice of our Prophet's Sunnah, 'iddah for the mother of the child, the 'iddah of the deceased from her husband."
«أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَحْتَ أَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ حَفْصِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَطَلَّقَهَا آخِرَ ثَلَاثِ تَطْلِيقَاتٍ فَزَعَمَتْ أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَفْتَتْ فِي خُرُوجِهَا مِنْ بَيْتِهَا فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَنْتَقِلَ إِلَى ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ الْأَعْمَى
✧ She was married to Abu 'Amr b. Hafs b. al-Mughirah, who divorced her with the last of three divorces. She claimed that she came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and sought his ruling about leaving her house, and he commanded her to move to the house of Ibn Umm Maktum, the blind man.
«لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمَ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تَحُدَّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا»
✧ It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a deceased person more than three nights, except for a husband, four months and ten days.
«لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تَحُدَّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ»
✧ It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a deceased person more than three days, except for a husband.
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ أَبُوهَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ فَدَعَتْ أُمُّ حَبِيبَةَ بِطِيبِ فِيهِ صُفْرَةٌ خَلُوقٌ أَوْ غَيْرُهُ فَدَهَنَتْ مِنْهُ جَارِيَةً ثُمَّ مَسَّتْ بِهِ بَطْنَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ مَا لِي بِالطِّيبِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرَ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تَحُدَّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا»
✧ I swear to Allah, I have no need for perfume other than that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a dead person for more than three nights, except for her husband for four months and ten days." Zainab said, "I entered upon Zainab bint Jahsh when her brother Abdullah ibn Jahsh died, and she called for perfume and applied it. Then she said, "I swear to Allah, I have no need for perfume other than that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say on the pulpit, "It is not permissible for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a dead person for more than three nights, except for her husband for four months and ten days."
وَسَمِعْتُ أُمِّي أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ تَقُولُ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ابْنَتِي تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَقَدِ اشْتَكَتْ عَيْنَاهَا فَنُكَحِّلُهَا؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا» مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ «لَا إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٌ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ تَرْمِي بِالْبَعْرَةِ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْحَوْلِ
✧ And I heard my mother, Umm Salamah, say: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, my daughter's husband has died, and her eyes are sore. Can we apply kohl to them?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'No,' twice or three times, each time saying, 'No. It is only four months and ten days. In the Jahiliyyah, one of you would throw a dung pellet at the end of a year.'
«لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تَحُدَّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ فَإِنَّهَا تَحُدُّ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا لَا تَكْتَحِلُ وَلَا تَلْبَسُ ثَوْبًا مَصْبُوغًا إِلَّا ثَوْبَ عَصْبٍ وَلَا تَمَسُّ طِيبًا إِلَّا عِنْدَ أَدْنَى طُهْرِهَا إِذَا اغْتَسَلَتْ مِنْ مَحِيضِهَا نُبْذَةَ قُسْطٍ وَأَظْفَارٍ»
✧ It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a deceased person more than three days, except for a husband, for she mourns for him four months and ten days. She should not apply kohl, nor wear a dyed garment except a garment of `asb, nor touch perfume except at the least of her purification when she has bathed from her menses, a little of costus and azfar.
«الْمُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا لَا تَلْبَسُ الْمُعَصْفَرَ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ وَلَا الْمُمَشَّقَةَ وَلَا الْحُلِيَّ وَلَا تَخْتَضِبُ وَلَا تَكْتَحِلُ»
✧ The woman whose husband has died should not wear saffron-dyed garments, nor those dyed with red earth, nor jewelry, nor apply henna, nor apply kohl.
«لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تَحُدَّ عَلَى هَالِكٍ أَكْثَرِ مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ فَإِنَّهَا تَحُدُّ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا»
✧ It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn for a deceased person more than three days, except for a husband, for she mourns for him four months and ten days.