10. Ṣalāh of Fear

1. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1245No grade recorded

   كُنَّا مَعَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ بِطَبَرِسْتَانَ فَقَالَ «أَيُّكُمْ صَلَّى مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ؟» فَقَامَ حُذَيْفَةُ «فَصَفَّ النَّاسَ خَلْفَهُ صَفًّا وَصَفًّا مُوَازِيَ الْعَدُوِّ فَصَلَّى بِالَّذِينَ خَلْفَهُ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ هَؤُلَاءِ مَكَانَ هَؤُلَاءِ وَجَاءَ أُولَئِكَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً وَلَمْ يَقْضُوا»

   "We were with Sa'eed bin Al-'Asi in Tabaristan, and Hudhaifah bin Al-Yaman was with us. He said: 'Which of you offered the fear prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?' Hudhaifah said: 'I did.' So Hudhaifah stood and the people formed two rows behind him, one row behind him and one row facing the enemy. He led those who were behind him in praying one rak'ah, then they went and took the place of the others, and the others came and he led them in praying one rak'ah, and they did not make it up." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 1530)

2. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1246No grade recorded

   «أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَّى بِذِي قَرَدٍ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ رَكْعَةً رَكْعَةً وَلَمْ يَقْضُوا» هَذَا شَاهِدٌ لِلْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي قَبْلَهُ «وَهُوَ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ»

   ✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the prayer of fear at Dhu Qarad, one rak'ah each, and they did not make up [the other rak'ahs]." This is a corroborating witness for the hadith before it, "and its chain is authentic."

3. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1247No grade recorded

   «صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ بِذِي قَرَدٍ فَصَفَّ خَلْفَهُ صَفًّا وَصَفًّا مُوَازِيَ الْعَدُوِّ فَصَلَّى مَعَهُ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ ذَهَبُوا إِلَى مَصَافِّ أُولَئِكَ وَجَاءَ أُولَئِكَ إِلَى مَصَافِّ هَؤُلَاءِ وَصَلَّوْا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ رَكْعَةً ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ»

   ✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the prayer of fear at Dhu Qarad. A row formed behind him and another row faced the enemy. He prayed one rak'ah with them, then they went to the positions of those others, and those others came to the positions of these, and they prayed one rak'ah with the Prophet ﷺ, then he said the salam to them."

4. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1248No grade recorded

   أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي الْقَوْسِ فَقَالَ «صَلِّ فِي الْقَوْسِ وَاطْرَحِ الْقَرْنَ»

   ✧ He asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about praying in a bow, so he said, "Pray in a bow and drop the horn."

5. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1249No grade recorded

   عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ قَالَ «قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَطَائِفَةٌ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ وَطَائِفَةٌ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الطَّائِفَةِ الَّتِي خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قُعُودٌ وُجُوهُهُمْ كُلُّهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَبَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَبَّرَتِ الطَّائِفَتَانِ فَرَكَعَ فَرَكَعَتْ مَعَهُ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي خَلْفَهُ وَالْآخَرُونَ قُعُودٌ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ فَسَجَدُوا أَيْضًا وَالْآخَرُونَ قُعُودٌ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَامُوا وَنَكَصُوا خَلْفَهُ حَتَّى كَانُوا مَكَانَ أَصْحَابِهِمْ قُعُودًا وَأَتَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الْأُخْرَى فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً وَسَجْدَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ وَالْآخَرُونَ قُعُودٌ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ فَقَامَتِ الطَّائِفَتَانِ كِلْتَاهُمَا فَصَلَّوْا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ رَكْعَةً وَسَجْدَتَيْنِ رَكْعَةً وَسَجْدَتَيْنِ»

   ✧ From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding the prayer of fear: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood with a group behind him and another group behind that group, seated, all of them facing the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the takbeer, and both groups said the takbeer. He bowed, and the group behind him bowed with him while the others remained seated. Then he prostrated, and they prostrated as well while the others remained seated. Then he stood, and they stood and moved backward until they were in the place of their companions, seated. Then the other group came forward, and he led them in one rak'ah and two prostrations, then he said the salam while the others were seated. Then he said the salam, and both groups stood up and prayed for themselves one rak'ah and two prostrations, one rak'ah and two prostrations."

6. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1250No grade recorded

   «صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ» قَالَتْ فَصَدَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ صَدْعَتَيْنِ فَصُفَّتْ طَائِفَةٌ وَرَاءَهُ وَقَامَتْ طَائِفَةٌ وِجَاءَ الْعَدُوُّ قَالَتْ فَكَبَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكَبَّرَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّذِينَ صَفُّوا خَلْفَهُ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ وَرَكَعُوا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدُوا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَرَفَعُوا ثُمَّ مَكَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَالِسًا وَسَجَدُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمِ السَّجْدَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ ثُمَّ قَامُوا ثُمَّ نَكَصُوا عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ يَمْشُونَ الْقَهْقَرَى حَتَّى قَامُوا مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ وَأَقْبَلَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الْأُخْرَى فَصَفُّوا خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَبَّرُوا ثُمَّ رَكَعُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَجْدَتَهُ الثَّانِيَةَ فَسَجَدُوا مَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي رَكْعَتِهِ وَسَجَدُوا لِأَنْفُسِهِمِ السَّجْدَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ ثُمَّ قَامَتِ الطَّائِفَتَانِ جَمِيعًا فَصَفُّوا خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَرَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً فَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ فَسَجَدُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَرَفَعُوا مَعَهُ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَرِيعًا جِدًّا لَا يَأْلُو أَنْ يُخَفِّفَ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَلَّمُوا ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ شَرَكَهُ النَّاسُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ كُلِّهَا

   ✧ "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the prayer of fear." She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided the people into two groups. One group formed a row behind him, and the other group stood facing the enemy. She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the takbeer, and the group that formed the row behind him said the takbeer. Then he bowed and they bowed, then he prostrated and they prostrated. Then he raised his head and they raised theirs. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained seated, and they prostrated the second prostration by themselves. Then they stood and moved backward on their heels, walking in reverse until they stood behind them. Then the other group came forward and formed a row behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said the takbeer, then they bowed by themselves. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prostrated his second prostration, and they prostrated with him. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood for his second rak'ah, and they prostrated the second prostration by themselves. Then both groups stood together and formed a row behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He led them in one rak'ah and they bowed together, then he prostrated and they prostrated together, then he raised his head and they raised theirs with him. All of this from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was very quick, sparing no effort to lighten it as much as he could. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the salam, and they said the salam. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood, having shared with the people in his entire prayer."

7. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1251No grade recorded

   «أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى بِالْقَوْمِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْخَوْفِ صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ ثَلَاثَ رَكَعَاتٍ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ وَجَاءَ الْآخَرُونَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ ثَلَاثَ رَكَعَاتٍ» سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظَ يَقُولُ

   ✧ "The Prophet ﷺ prayed Maghrib with the people in the prayer of fear, three rak'ahs, then he finished. Then the others came, and he led them in three rak'ahs." I heard Abu 'Ali al-Hafiz say this.

8. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1252No grade recorded

   كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِعُسْفَانَ وَعَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَصَلَّيْنَا الظُّهْرَ فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ لَقَدْ أَصَبْنَا غِرَّةً لَقَدْ أَصَبْنَا غَفْلَةً لَوْ كُنَّا حَمَلَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْقَصْرِ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الْعَصْرُ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ أَمَامَهُ فَصَفَّ خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَفٌّ وَصَفٌّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الصَّفِّ صَفٌّ آخَرُ فَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى هَؤُلَاءِ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ وَقَامُوا سَجَدَ الْآخَرُونَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا خَلْفَهُمْ ثُمَّ تَأَخَّرَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ إِلَى مَقَامِ الْآخَرِينَ وَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ سَجَدَ الْآخَرُونَ ثُمَّ جَلَسُوا جَمِيعًا فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَصَلَّاهَا بِعُسْفَانَ وَصَلَّاهَا يَوْمَ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ

   ✧ We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at 'Usfan, with Khalid b. al-Walid in command of the polytheists. We prayed Dhuhr, and the polytheists said: We have caught them off guard, we have caught them unawares. If only we had attacked them while they were praying. Then the verse of shortening was revealed between Dhuhr and 'Asr. When 'Asr arrived, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood facing the qiblah while the polytheists were in front of him. A row formed behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and behind that row another row. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ bowed and they all bowed. Then he prostrated, and the row nearest to him prostrated while the others remained standing guarding them. When those had performed the two prostrations and stood up, the others who were behind them prostrated. Then the row nearest to him moved back to the position of the others, and they all bowed. Then the row nearest to him prostrated while the others stood guarding them. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the row nearest to him sat, the others prostrated, then they all sat together, and he said the salam to them. He prayed it at 'Usfan and also prayed it on the day of Banu Sulaym.

9. al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1253No grade recorded

   أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ هَلْ صَلَّيْتَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ؟ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ نَعَمْ قَالَ مَرْوَانُ مَتَى؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ «عَامَ غَزْوَةِ نَجْدٍ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ فَقَامَتْ مَعَهُ طَائِفَةٌ وَطَائِفَةٌ أُخْرَى مُقَابِلَ الْعَدُوِّ وَظُهُورُهُمْ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَكَبَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَبَّرُوا جَمِيعًا الَّذِينَ مَعَهُ وَالَّذِينَ مُقَابِلَ الْعَدُوِّ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَكْعَةً وَاحِدَةً وَرَكَعَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي خَلْفَهُ ثُمَّ سَجَدَ فَسَجَدَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي تَلِيهِ وَالْآخَرُونَ قِيَامٌ مُقَابِلَ الْعَدُوِّ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَامَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي مَعَهُ وَذَهَبُوا إِلَى الْعَدُوِّ فَقَابَلُوهُمْ وَأَقْبَلَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي مُقَابِلَ الْعَدُوِّ فَرَكَعُوا وَسَجَدُوا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمٌ كَمَا هُوَ ثُمَّ قَامُوا فَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَكْعَةً أُخْرَى وَرَكَعُوا مَعَهُ وَسَجَدُوا مَعَهُ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي كَانَتْ مُقَابِلَ الْعَدُوِّ فَرَكَعُوا وَسَجَدُوا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَاعِدٌ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ كَانَ السَّلَامُ فَسَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَسَلَّمُوا جَمِيعًا فَكَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَكْعَتَانِ وَلِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ رَكْعَةٌ رَكْعَةٌ»

   ✧ He asked Abu Hurayrah: Did you pray the prayer of fear with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? Abu Hurayrah said: Yes. Marwan said: When? Abu Hurayrah said: "In the year of the Najd expedition. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood for the 'Asr prayer, and a group stood with him while another group faced the enemy with their backs to the qiblah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the takbeer, and all of them said the takbeer—those with him and those facing the enemy. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ bowed one rak'ah and the group behind him bowed. Then he prostrated, and the group nearest to him prostrated while the others remained standing facing the enemy. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood, and the group with him stood and went to face the enemy, and the group that had been facing the enemy came forward and bowed and prostrated while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained standing as he was. Then they stood, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ bowed another rak'ah and they bowed with him and prostrated with him. Then the group that had been facing the enemy came forward and bowed and prostrated while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was seated along with those with him. Then came the salam, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the salam, and they all said the salam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had two rak'ahs, and each man of the two groups had one rak'ah each."