Dalil
العربية

Musnad al-Tayalisi 45

✧ The solitary narrations from 'Umar

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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْخَوْلَانِيِّ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ فَضَالَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ:

" الشُّهَدَاءُ أَرْبَعَةٌ ; فَمُؤْمِنٌ جَيِّدُ الْإِيمَانِ لَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ فَصَدَقَ اللهَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ، فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَرْفَعُ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ أَعْيُنَهُمْ - وَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى وَقَعَتْ قَلَنْسُوَةٌ كَانَتْ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ، أَوْ عَلَى رَأْسِ عُمَرَ - فَهَذَا فِي الدَّرَجَةِ الْأُولَى، وَرَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ جَيِّدُ الْإِيمَانِ إِذَا لَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ كَأَنَّمَا يُضْرَبُ جِلْدَهُ شَوْكُ الطَّلْحِ مِنَ الْجُبْنِ، أَتَاهُ سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ فَقَتَلَهُ، فَهَذَا فِي الدَّرَجَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ، وَرَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ خَلَطَ عَمَلًا صَالِحًا وَآخَرَ سَيِّئًا لَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ فَصَدَقَ اللهَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ، فَهَذَا فِي الدَّرَجَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ، وَرَجُلٌ أَسْرَفَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ فَلَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ، فَهَذَا فِي الدَّرَجَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Abū Dāwud
  2. ʿAbdullāh b. al-Mubārak
  3. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUqbah al-Ḥaḍramī
  4. ʿAṭāʾ b. Dīnār al-Hudhalī
  5. Abū Yazīd al-Khawlānī
  6. Faḍālah b. ʿUbayd al-Anṣārī
  7. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
  8. Rasūl Allāh ﷺ

✧ "The martyrs are four: a believer with excellent faith who meets the enemy, is true to Allah, and fights until he is killed. That is the one to whom people raise their eyes—he raised his head until a cap that was on his head, or on Umar's head, fell—this one is in the first degree. And a man, a believer with excellent faith, who when he meets the enemy feels as if his skin is being struck by the thorns of a talh tree out of cowardice; a stray arrow comes and kills him. This one is in the second degree. And a believing man who mixed a righteous deed with another evil one; he meets the enemy and is true to Allah until he is killed. This one is in the third degree. And a man who transgressed against himself; he meets the enemy and fights until he is killed. This one is in the fourth degree."

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No grade is recorded for this wording.