Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 4656

✧ The Virtues of Umar b. al-Khattab, ᴿᴬ

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وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي بُكَيْرٍ، ثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، قَالَ:

شَهِدْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ غَدَاةَ طُعِنَ، فَكُنْتُ فِي الصَّفِّ الثَّانِي، وَمَا يَمْنَعُنِي أَنْ أَكُونَ فِي الصَّفِّ الْأَوَّلِ إِلَّا هَيْبَتُهُ، كَانَ ؓ يَسْتَقْبِلُ الصَّفَّ إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، فَإِنْ رَأَى إِنْسَانًا مُتَقَدِّمًا أَوْ مُتَأَخِّرًا أَصَابَهُ بِالدِّرَّةِ، فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي مَنَعَنِي أَنْ أَكُونَ فِي الصَّفِّ الْأَوَّلِ، فَكُنْتُ فِي الصَّفِّ الثَّانِي، فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ ؓ يُرِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ، فَعَرَضَ لَهُ أَبُو لُؤْلُؤَةَ غُلَامُ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ، فَنَاجَاهُ عُمَرُ ؓ غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ، ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ، ثُمَّ نَاجَاهُ، ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ، ثُمَّ نَاجَاهُ، ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ، ثُمَّ طَعَنَهُ، فَرَأَيْتُ عُمَرَ ؓ قَائِلًا بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا، يَقُولُ: دُونَكُمُ الْكَلْبَ فَقَدْ قَتَلَنِي، فَمَاجَ النَّاسُ، فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ: الصَّلَاةَ، عِبَادَ اللهِ، قَدْ طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ؓ بِأَقْصَرِ سُورَتَيْنِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ: إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَ إِنَّا أَعْطَيْنَاكَ الْكَوْثَرَ قَالَ: فَاحْتُمِلَ عُمَرُ ؓ، فَقَالَ: يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ، نَاوِلْنِي الْكَتِفَ، فَلَوْ أَرَادَ اللهُ تَعَالَى أَنْ يُمْضِيَ مَا فِيهَا أَمْضَاهُ، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ ؓ: أَنَا أَكْفِيكَ، أَمْحُوهَا، فَقَالَ: لَا، وَاللهِ لَا يَمْحُوهَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرِي، فَمَحَاهَا عُمَرُ ؓ بِيَدِهِ، وَكَانَ فِيهَا فَرِيضَةُ الْجَدِّ، ثُمَّ قَالَ ؓ: ادْعُوا لِي عَلِيًّا، وَعُثْمَانَ ؓ، وَطَلْحَةَ، وَالزُّبَيْرَ، وَعَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ، وَسَعْدًا - يَ ؓ -، قَالَ: فَدُعُوا، فَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْ ؓ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْقَوْمِ إِلَّا عَلِيًّا وَعُثْمَانَ ؓ، قَالَ: يَا عَلِيُّ، إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ لَعَلَّهُمْ أَنْ يَعْرِفُوا لَكَ قَرَابَتَكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، وَمَا أَعْطَاكَ اللهُ تَعَالَى مِنَ الْفِقْهِ وَالْعِلْمِ، فَإِنْ وَلَّوْكَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَاتَّقِ اللهَ فِيهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ ؓ: يَا عُثْمَانُ، لَعَلَّ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمَ أَنْ يَعْرِفُوا لَكَ صِهْرَكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَشَرَفَكَ، فَإِنْ وَلَّوْكَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فَاتَّقِ اللهَ، وَلَا تَحْمِلَنَّ بَنِي أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ عَلَى رِقَابِ النَّاسِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ ؓ: يَا صُهَيْبُ، صَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ ثَلَاثًا، وَأَدْخِلْ هَؤُلَاءِ فِي بَيْتٍ، فَإِذَا أَجْمَعُوا عَلَى رَجُلٍ، فَمَنْ خَالَفَهُمْ فَلْيَضْرِبُوا رَأْسَهُ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا قَالَ ؓ: إِنْ وَلَّوُا الْأَجْلَحَ سَلَكَ بِهِمُ الطَّرِيقَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ ؓ فَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ ؟ قَالَ ؓ: أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أَحْمِلَهَا حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. al-Ḥārith
  2. Yaḥyá b. Abū Bukayr
  3. Isrāʾīl
  4. Abū Isḥāq
  5. ʿAmr b. Maymūn

✧ I witnessed Umar ibn al-Khattab ؓ on the morning he was stabbed. I was in the second row, and nothing prevented me from being in the first row except awe of him. When the prayer was about to begin, he ؓ would face the rows, and if he saw anyone forward or back, he would strike him with the whip. That is what prevented me from being in the first row, so I was in the second row. Umar ؓ came to lead the prayer, and Abu Lu'lu'ah, the slave of al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah, intercepted him. Umar ؓ spoke privately with him not far away, then left him, then spoke privately again, then left him, then spoke privately again, then left him, then stabbed him. I saw Umar ؓ gesturing with his hand like this, saying: Stop the dog, for he has killed me. The people surged, and someone said: The prayer, O servants of Allah, the sun has risen. So Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf ؓ led them in prayer with the two shortest surahs in the Quran: 'When comes the help of Allah' and 'Indeed, We have granted you al-Kawthar.' Then Umar ؓ was carried, and he said: O Abdullah, hand me the shoulder blade. If Allah, the Exalted, willed to carry out what is in it, He would. Abdullah ؓ said: I will suffice you, I will erase it. He said: No, by Allah, no one will erase it but me. So Umar ؓ erased it with his hand, and in it was the share of the grandfather. Then he said ؓ: Call for me Ali, Uthman ؓ, Talhah, al-Zubayr, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, and Sa'd— ؓ. They were called, and he ؓ did not speak to any of the group except Ali and Uthman ؓ. He said: O Ali, perhaps these people will recognize your kinship to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and what Allah, the Exalted, has given you of understanding and knowledge. If they entrust you with this matter, fear Allah in it. Then he said ؓ: O Uthman, perhaps these people will recognize your relationship by marriage to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and your honor. If they entrust you with this matter, fear Allah and do not let the Banu Abi Mu'ayt ride on the necks of the people. Then he said ؓ: O Suhayb, lead the people in prayer for three days, and place these men in a house. If they agree upon a man, whoever opposes them, strike his head. When they went out, he said ؓ: If they appoint the bald one, he will lead them on the path. Abdullah ibn Umar ؓ said to him: What prevents you? He said ؓ: I dislike carrying it alive and dead.

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