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العربية
Sirat Ibn Hisham

76. The compensation ʿumra in Dhū al-Qaʿda of the year seven

  1. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1348No grade recorded

    عُمْرَةُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ [ خُرُوجُ الرَّسُولِ مُعْتَمِرًا فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ، أَقَامَ بِهَا شَهْرَيْ رَبِيعٍ وَجُمَادَيَيْنِ وَرَجَبًا وَشَعْبَانَ وَرَمَضَانَ وَشَوَّالًا، يَبْعَثُ فِيمَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَزْوِهِ وَسَرَايَاهُ ﷺ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ فِي الشَّهْرِ الَّذِي صَدَّهُ فِيهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ مُعْتَمِرًا عُمْرَةَ الْقَضَاءِ، مَكَانَ عُمْرَتِهِ الَّتِي صَدُّوهُ عَنْهَا. [ ابْنُ الْأَضْبَطِ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عُوَيْفَ بْنَ الْأَضْبَطِ الدِّيلِيَّ [ سَبَبُ تَسْمِيَتِهَا بِعُمْرَةِ الْقِصَاصِ ] وَيُقَالُ لَهَا عُمْرَةُ الْقِصَاصِ، لِأَنَّهُمْ صَدُّوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ فِي الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ مِنْ سَنَةِ سِتٍّ، فَاقْتَصَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْهُمْ، فَدَخَلَ مَكَّةَ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، فِي الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ الَّذِي صَدُّوهُ فِيهِ، مِنْ سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ. وَبَلَغَنَا عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ: وَالْحُرُمَاتُ قِصَاصٌ [ خُرُوجُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الَّذِينَ صُدُّوا أَوَّلًا مَعَهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ صُدَّ مَعَهُ فِي عُمْرَتِهِ تِلْكَ، وَهِيَ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِهِ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ خَرَجُوا عَنْهُ، وَتَحَدَّثَتْ قُرَيْشٌ بَيْنَهَا أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ فِي عُسْرَةٍ وَجَهْدٍ وَشِدَّةٍ.

    ✧ The ʿUmrat al-Qaḍāʾ in Dhū al-Qaʿdah of the year seven [ The departure of the Messenger to perform ʿumrah in Dhū al-Qaʿdah ] Ibn Isḥāq said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned to Madinah from Khaybar, he stayed there for the months of Rabīʿ, the two Jumādās, Rajab, Shaʿbān, Ramaḍān, and Shawwāl, sending out during that time his raids and expeditions ﷺ. Then he departed in Dhū al-Qaʿdah, in the month in which the polytheists had blocked him, to perform the ʿumrah of retribution, in place of his ʿumrah from which they had blocked him. [ Ibn al-Aḍbaṭ over Madinah ] Ibn Hishām said: He appointed ʿUwayf b. al-Aḍbaṭ al-Dīlī over Madinah. [ The reason for calling it the ʿumrah of retaliation ] It is also called the ʿumrah of retaliation, because they had blocked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Dhū al-Qaʿdah, in the sacred month, in the year six, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ retaliated against them by entering Makkah in Dhū al-Qaʿdah, in the sacred month in which they had blocked him, in the year seven. It has reached us from Ibn ʿAbbās that he said: Then Allah revealed concerning that: “And sacred things are subject to retaliation.” [ The departure of the Muslims who had been blocked the first time with him ] Ibn Isḥāq said: The Muslims who had been blocked with him in that ʿumrah of his, which was in the year seven, departed with him. When the people of Makkah heard of him, they left his way, and Quraysh talked among themselves that Muḥammad and his companions were in hardship, distress, and difficulty.

  2. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1349No grade recorded

    [ سَبَبُ الْهَرْوَلَةِ بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ ش ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي مَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؟ قَالَ: صَفُّوا لَهُ عِنْدَ دَارِ النَّدْوَةِ لِيَنْظُرُوا إلَيْهِ وَإِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَسْجِدَ اضْطَبَعَ بِرِدَائِهِ، وَأَخْرَجَ عَضُدَهُ الْيُمْنَى، ثُمَّ قَالَ: رَحِمَ اللَّهُ امْرَأً أَرَاهُمْ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ قُوَّةً، ثُمَّ اسْتَلَمَ الرُّكْنَ، وَخَرَجَ يُهَرْوِلُ وَيُهَرْوِلُ أَصْحَابُهُ مَعَهُ، حَتَّى إذَا وَارَاهُ الْبَيْتُ مِنْهُمْ، وَاسْتَلَمَ الرُّكْنَ الْيَمَانِيَّ، مَشَى حَتَّى يَسْتَلِمَ الرُّكْنَ الْأَسْوَدَ، ثُمَّ هَرْوَلَ كَذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَطْوَافٍ وَمَشَى سَائِرَهَا فَكَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ: كَانَ النَّاسُ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إنَّمَا صَنَعَهَا لِهَذَا الْحَيِّ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ لِلَّذِي بَلَغَهُ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى إذَا حَجَّ حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ فَلَزِمَهَا، فَمَضَتْ السَّنَّةُ: بِهَا

    ✧ [The reason for the jogging between al-Ṣafā and al-Marwah] Ibn Isḥāq said: Someone I do not suspect narrated to me, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: They lined up for him at Dār al-Nadwah to look at him and his companions. When the Messenger of God ﷺ entered the mosque, he wrapped his cloak under his right arm, bared his right arm, and said: “May God have mercy on a man who shows them strength from himself today.” Then he touched the corner, and went out jogging, and his companions jogged with him, until the House concealed him from them. When he touched the Yemeni corner, he walked until he touched the Black Corner, then jogged like that for three circuits and walked the rest of them. Ibn ʿAbbās used to say: The people used to think that it was not obligatory upon them. That is because the Messenger of God ﷺ only did it for this clan of Quraysh, because of what had reached him about them, until he performed the Farewell Pilgrimage and adhered to it, and so the sunnah was established by it.

  3. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1350No grade recorded

    [ ارْتِجَازُ ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ وَهُوَ يَقُودُ نَاقَةَ الرَّسُولِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ فِي تِلْكَ الْعُمْرَةِ دَخَلَهَا وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ آخِذٌ بِخِطَامِ نَاقَتِهِ يَقُولُ: خَلُّوا بَنِي الْكُفَّارِ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ خَلُّوا فَكُلُّ الْخَيْرِ فِي رَسُولِهِ يَا رَبِّ إنِّي مُؤْمِنٌ بِقِيلِهِ أَعْرِفُ حَقَّ اللَّهِ فِي قَبُولِهِ نَحْنُ قَتَلْنَاكُمْ عَلَى تَأْوِيلِهِ كَمَا قَتَلْنَاكُمْ عَلَى تَنْزِيلِهِ ضَرْبًا يُزِيلُ الْهَامَ عَنْ مَقِيلِهِ وَيُذْهِلُ الْخَلِيلَ عَنْ خَلِيلِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: نَحْنُ قَتَلْنَاكُمْ عَلَى تَأْوِيلِهِ إلَى آخِرِ الْأَبْيَاتِ، لِعَمَّارِ بْنِ يَاسِرٍ فِي غَيْرِ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ، وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنَّ ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ إنَّمَا أَرَادَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ لَمْ يُقِرُّوا بِالتَّنْزِيلِ، وَإِنَّمَا يُقْتَلُ عَلَى التَّأْوِيلِ مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِالتَّنْزِيلِ

    ✧ The Rajaz of Ibn Rawāḥah while leading the Prophet's she-camel. Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr narrated to me that when the Messenger of God ﷺ entered Makkah for that ʿumrah, he entered it while ʿAbd Allāh b. Rawāḥah was holding the nose-rein of his she-camel, saying: Make way, O sons of the disbelievers, from his path; make way, for every good is in his Messenger. O Lord, I truly believe in his word; I acknowledge God's right in accepting it. We have slain you for its interpretation, just as we slew you for its revelation, with a blow that removes heads from their resting place and makes the dear friend forget his dear friend. Ibn Hishām said: "We have slain you for its interpretation" to the end of the verses belongs to ʿAmmār b. Yāsir on a day other than this. The proof of that is that Ibn Rawāḥah only meant the polytheists, and the polytheists did not acknowledge the revelation (tanzīl); only those who acknowledged the revelation are slain for the interpretation (taʾwīl).

  4. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1351No grade recorded

    [ زَوَاجُ الرَّسُولِ بِمَيْمُونَةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبَانُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ. عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ أَبِي الْحَجَّاجِ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَزَوَّجَ مَيْمُونَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ فِي سَفَرِهِ ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ حَرَامٌ وَكَانَ الَّذِي زَوَّجَهُ إيَّاهَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَكَانَتْ جَعَلَتْ أَمْرَهَا إلَى أُخْتِهَا أُمِّ الْفَضْلِ وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ الْفَضْلِ تَحْتَ الْعَبَّاسِ، فَجَعَلَتْ أُمُّ الْفَضْلِ أَمْرَهَا إلَى الْعَبَّاسِ، فَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ وَأَصْدَقَهَا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ مِئَةِ دِرْهَمٍ. [ إرْسَالُ قُرَيْشٍ حُوَيْطِبًا إلَى الرَّسُولِ يَطْلُبُ مِنْهُ الْخُرُوجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ ثَلَاثًا فَأَتَاهُ حُوَيْطِبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ وَدِّ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ حِسْلٍ، فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ، وَكَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ قَدْ وَكَّلَتْهُ بِإِخْرَاجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ مَكَّةَ ؟ فَقَالُوا لَهُ: إنَّهُ قَدْ انْقَضَى أَجَلُكَ، فَاخْرُجْ عَنَّا؛ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَمَا عَلَيْكُمْ لَوْ تَرَكْتُمُونِي فَأَعْرَسْتُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِكُمْ، وَصَنَعْنَا لَكُمْ طَعَامًا فَحَضَرْتُمُوهُ قَالُوا: لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِي طَعَامِكَ فَاخْرُجْ عَنَّا فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَخَلَّفَ أَبَا رَافِعٍ مَوْلَاهُ عَلَى مَيْمُونَةَ، حَتَّى أَتَاهُ بِهَا بِسَرِفَ. فَبَنَى بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هُنَالِكَ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فِي ذِي الْحِجَّةِ. [ مَا نَزَلَ مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ فِي عُمْرَةِ الْقَضَاءِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِ، فِيمَا حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ: لَقَدْ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ الرُّؤْيَا بِالْحَقِّ لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ آمِنِينَ مُحَلِّقِينَ رُءُوسَكُمْ وَمُقَصِّرِينَ لَا تَخَافُونَ فَعَلِمَ مَا لَمْ تَعْلَمُوا فَجَعَلَ مِنْ دُونِ ذَلِكَ فَتْحًا قَرِيبًا يَعْنِي خَيْبَرَ

    ✧ [The marriage of the Messenger to Maymūnah] Ibn Isḥāq said: Abān b. Ṣāliḥ and ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Najīḥ related to me, from ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ and Mujāhid Abū al-Ḥajjāj, from Ibn ʿAbbās: The Messenger of God ﷺ married Maymūnah bt. al-Ḥārith during that journey of his while he was in the state of ritual consecration, and the one who gave her in marriage to him was al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib. Ibn Hishām said: She had delegated her affair to her sister Umm al-Faḍl, and Umm al-Faḍl was married to al-ʿAbbās, so Umm al-Faḍl delegated her affair to al-ʿAbbās, and he gave her in marriage to the Messenger of God ﷺ in Makkah and paid as her dower on behalf of the Messenger of God ﷺ four hundred dirhams. [Quraysh sending Ḥuwayṭib to the Messenger requesting him to leave Makkah] Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of God ﷺ stayed in Makkah three days, and Ḥuwayṭib b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. Abī Qays b. ʿAbd Wadd b. Naṣr b. Mālik b. Ḥisl came to him on the third day, among a group of Quraysh. Quraysh had charged him with expelling the Messenger of God ﷺ from Makkah. They said to him: Your term has expired, so leave us. The Prophet ﷺ said: What harm would it do you if you left me and I consummated my marriage among you and we prepared food for you and you attended it? They said: We have no need of your food, so leave us. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ departed and left Abū Rāfiʿ, his freedman, behind with Maymūnah until he brought her to him at Sarif. The Messenger of God ﷺ consummated his marriage with her there. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ returned to Madinah in Dhū al-Ḥijjah. [What was revealed of the Qurʾān concerning the ʿUmrat al-Qaḍāʾ] Ibn Hishām said: Then God, mighty and glorious, sent down to him, as Abū ʿUbaydah related to me: “God has indeed fulfilled His Messenger’s vision in truth: you shall surely enter the Sacred Mosque, if God wills, in safety, with shaven heads or trimmed hair, fearing no one. He knew what you did not know, and He appointed besides that a near victory,” meaning Khaybar.