Sirat Ibn Hisham 1348
The Messenger's departure for the ʿumra in Dhū al-Qaʿda
عُمْرَةُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ [ خُرُوجُ الرَّسُولِ مُعْتَمِرًا فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ، أَقَامَ بِهَا شَهْرَيْ رَبِيعٍ وَجُمَادَيَيْنِ وَرَجَبًا وَشَعْبَانَ وَرَمَضَانَ وَشَوَّالًا، يَبْعَثُ فِيمَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ غَزْوِهِ وَسَرَايَاهُ ﷺ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ فِي الشَّهْرِ الَّذِي صَدَّهُ فِيهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ مُعْتَمِرًا عُمْرَةَ الْقَضَاءِ، مَكَانَ عُمْرَتِهِ الَّتِي صَدُّوهُ عَنْهَا. [ ابْنُ الْأَضْبَطِ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عُوَيْفَ بْنَ الْأَضْبَطِ الدِّيلِيَّ [ سَبَبُ تَسْمِيَتِهَا بِعُمْرَةِ الْقِصَاصِ ] وَيُقَالُ لَهَا عُمْرَةُ الْقِصَاصِ، لِأَنَّهُمْ صَدُّوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ فِي الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ مِنْ سَنَةِ سِتٍّ، فَاقْتَصَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْهُمْ، فَدَخَلَ مَكَّةَ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، فِي الشَّهْرِ الْحَرَامِ الَّذِي صَدُّوهُ فِيهِ، مِنْ سَنَةِ سَبْعٍ. وَبَلَغَنَا عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ: وَالْحُرُمَاتُ قِصَاصٌ [ خُرُوجُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الَّذِينَ صُدُّوا أَوَّلًا مَعَهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ صُدَّ مَعَهُ فِي عُمْرَتِهِ تِلْكَ، وَهِيَ سَنَةَ سَبْعٍ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِهِ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ خَرَجُوا عَنْهُ، وَتَحَدَّثَتْ قُرَيْشٌ بَيْنَهَا أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ فِي عُسْرَةٍ وَجَهْدٍ وَشِدَّةٍ.
Translation
✧ The ʿUmrat al-Qaḍāʾ in Dhū al-Qaʿdah of the year seven [ The departure of the Messenger to perform ʿumrah in Dhū al-Qaʿdah ] Ibn Isḥāq said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned to Madinah from Khaybar, he stayed there for the months of Rabīʿ, the two Jumādās, Rajab, Shaʿbān, Ramaḍān, and Shawwāl, sending out during that time his raids and expeditions ﷺ. Then he departed in Dhū al-Qaʿdah, in the month in which the polytheists had blocked him, to perform the ʿumrah of retribution, in place of his ʿumrah from which they had blocked him. [ Ibn al-Aḍbaṭ over Madinah ] Ibn Hishām said: He appointed ʿUwayf b. al-Aḍbaṭ al-Dīlī over Madinah. [ The reason for calling it the ʿumrah of retaliation ] It is also called the ʿumrah of retaliation, because they had blocked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Dhū al-Qaʿdah, in the sacred month, in the year six, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ retaliated against them by entering Makkah in Dhū al-Qaʿdah, in the sacred month in which they had blocked him, in the year seven. It has reached us from Ibn ʿAbbās that he said: Then Allah revealed concerning that: “And sacred things are subject to retaliation.” [ The departure of the Muslims who had been blocked the first time with him ] Ibn Isḥāq said: The Muslims who had been blocked with him in that ʿumrah of his, which was in the year seven, departed with him. When the people of Makkah heard of him, they left his way, and Quraysh talked among themselves that Muḥammad and his companions were in hardship, distress, and difficulty.
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