66. The expedition of the Trench
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1123No grade recorded
غَزْوَةُ الْخَنْدَقِ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ [ تَارِيخُهَا ]: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا زِيَادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْبَكَّائِيُّ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إسْحَاقَ الْمُطَّلِبِيِّ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ كَانَتْ غَزْوَةُ الْخَنْدَقِ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ.
✧ The expedition of al-Khandaq in Shawwāl of the year five [its date]: Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Malik b. Hishām related to us, saying: Ziyād b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Bakkāʾī related to us, from Muḥammad b. Isḥāq al-Muṭṭalibī, who said: Then the expedition of al-Khandaq took place in Shawwāl of the year five.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1124No grade recorded
[ تَحْرِيضُ الْيَهُودِ لِقُرَيْشِ وَمَا نَزَلَ فِيهِمْ ] فَحَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ رُومَانَ مَوْلَى آلِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، وَمَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيِّ، وَالزُّهْرِيِّ، وَعَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَغَيْرِهِمْ مِنْ عُلَمَائِنَا، كُلُّهُمْ قَدْ اجْتَمَعَ حَدِيثُهُ فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ الْخَنْدَقِ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ يُحَدِّثُ مَا لَا يُحَدِّثُ بِهِ بَعْضٌ، قَالُوا: إنَّهُ كَانَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْخَنْدَقِ أَنَّ نَفَرًا مِنْ الْيَهُودِ، مِنْهُمْ: سَلَّامُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحَقِيقِ النَّضْرِيُّ، وَحُيَيُّ بْنُ أَخْطَبَ النَّضْرِيُّ، وَكِنَانَةُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحَقِيقِ النَّضْرِيُّ، وَهَوْذَةُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْوَائِلِيُّ، وَأَبُو عَمَّارٍ الْوَائِلِيُّ، فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ، وَنَفَرٍ مِنْ بَنِي وَائِلٍ، وَهُمْ الَّذِينَ حَزَّبُوا الْأَحْزَابَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، خَرَجُوا حَتَّى قَدِمُوا عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ مَكَّةَ، فَدَعَوْهُمْ إلَى حَرْبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَقَالُوا: إنَّا سَنَكُونُ مَعَكُمْ عَلَيْهِ، حَتَّى نَسْتَأْصِلَهُ، فَقَالَتْ لَهُمْ قُرَيْشٌ: يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ، إنَّكُمْ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ الْأَوَّلِ وَالْعِلْمِ بِمَا أَصْبَحْنَا نَخْتَلِفُ فِيهِ نَحْنُ وَمُحَمَّدٌ، أَفَدِينُنَا خَيْرٌ أَمْ دِينُهُ ؟ قَالُوا: بَلْ دِينُكُمْ خَيْرٌ مِنْ دِينِهِ، وَأَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى بِالْحَقِّ ( مِنْهُ ). فَهُمْ الَّذِينَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا نَصِيبًا مِنَ الْكِتَابِ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْجِبْتِ وَالطَّاغُوتِ وَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا هَؤُلَاءِ أَهْدَى مِنَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا سَبِيلًا أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَمَنْ يَلْعَنِ اللَّهُ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لَهُ نَصِيرًا إلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: أَمْ يَحْسُدُونَ النَّاسَ عَلَى مَا آتَاهُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ أَيْ النُّبُوَّةَ فَقَدْ آتَيْنَا آلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَآتَيْنَاهُمْ مُلْكًا عَظِيمًا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ صَدَّ عَنْهُ وَكَفَى بِجَهَنَّمَ سَعِيرًا
✧ [The Jews’ incitement of Quraysh and what was revealed concerning them] Yazīd b. Rūmān, the mawlā of the family of al-Zubayr b. ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr, and those whom I do not suspect, narrated to me from ʿAbd Allāh b. Kaʿb b. Mālik, Muḥammad b. Kaʿb al-Quraẓī, al-Zuhrī, ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah, ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr, and others among our scholars—all of their narratives have come together in the account of the Khandaq, while some of them relate what others do not. They said: It was part of the account of the Khandaq that a group of Jews, among them Sallām b. Abī al-Ḥuqayq al-Naḍrī, Ḥuyayy b. Akhṭab al-Naḍrī, Kinānah b. Abī al-Ḥuqayq al-Naḍrī, Hawdhah b. Qays al-Wāʾilī, and Abū ʿAmmār al-Wāʾilī, along with a group from Banū al-Naḍīr and a group from Banū Wāʾil—these were the ones who formed the confederates against the Messenger of God ﷺ—went out until they came to Quraysh in Makkah and summoned them to war against the Messenger of God ﷺ, saying, “We shall be with you against him until we uproot him utterly.” Quraysh said to them, “O company of Jews, you are the people of the first Scripture and of knowledge concerning what we and Muḥammad have come to differ about: is our religion better or his religion?” They said, “Rather, your religion is better than his religion, and you are more entitled to the truth than he.” It was concerning them that God, may He be exalted, sent down: “Have you not seen those who were given a portion of the Scripture believing in al-Jibt and al-Ṭāghūt and saying to those who disbelieve, ‘These are better guided on the way than those who believe’? Those are the ones whom God has cursed; and he whom God curses, you will never find for him any helper,” up to His saying, may He be exalted: “Or do they envy the people for what God has given them of His bounty?”—that is, prophethood—“For We gave the family of Ibrāhīm the Scripture and wisdom, and We gave them a mighty kingdom. And among them were those who believed in it, and among them were those who turned away from it; and sufficient is Jahannam as a blazing fire.”
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1125No grade recorded
[ تَحْرِيضُ الْيَهُودِ لِغَطَفَانَ ] قَالَ: فَلَمَّا قَالُوا ذَلِكَ لِقُرَيْشٍ، سَرَّهُمْ وَنَشَطُوا لِمَا دَعَوْهُمْ إلَيْهِ، مِنْ حَرْبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا لِذَلِكَ وَاتَّعَدُوا لَهُ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ أُولَئِكَ النَّفَرُ مِنْ يَهُودَ، حَتَّى جَاءُوا غَطَفَانَ، مِنْ قَيْسِ عَيْلَانَ، فَدَعَوْهُمْ إلَى حَرْبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَأَخْبَرُوهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ سَيَكُونُونَ مَعَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَدْ تَابَعُوهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا مَعَهُمْ فِيهِ
✧ [The Jews’ incitement of Ghatfan] He said: When they said that to Quraysh, it pleased them and they were stirred up for what they called them to, of war against the Messenger of God ﷺ, so they gathered for that and made an appointment for it. Then that band of Jews went out until they came to Ghatfan, of Qays ʿAylan, and called them to war against the Messenger of God ﷺ, and told them that they would be with them against him, and that Quraysh had followed them in that, so they joined with them in it.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1126No grade recorded
[ خُرُوجُ الْأَحْزَابِ مِنْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَخَرَجَتْ قُرَيْشٌ، وَقَائِدُهَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ؛ وَخَرَجَتْ غَطَفَانُ، وَقَائِدُهَا عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ بَدْرٍ، فِي بَنِي فَزَارَةَ؛ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ عَوْفِ بْنِ أَبِي حَارِثَةَ الْمُرِّيُّ، فِي بَنِي مُرَّةَ؛ وَمِسْعَرُ بْنُ رُخَيْلَةَ بْنِ نُوَيْرَةَ بْنِ طَرِيفِ بْنِ سُحْمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ هِلَالِ بْنِ خَلَاوَةَ بْنِ أَشْجَعَ بْنِ رَيْثِ بْنِ غَطَفَانَ، فِيمَنْ تَابَعَهُ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ
✧ The advance of the confederates from among the polytheists. Ibn Ishāq said: Quraysh went forth, led by Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb; and Ghaṭafān went forth, led by ʿUyaynah b. Ḥiṣn b. Ḥudhayfah b. Badr, among the Banū Fazārah; and al-Ḥārith b. ʿAwf b. Abī Ḥārithah al-Murrī, among the Banū Murrah; and Misʿar b. Rukhaylah b. Nuwayrah b. Ṭarīf b. Suḥmah b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Hilāl b. Khalāwah b. Ashjaʿ b. Rayth b. Ghaṭafān, with those of his people of Ashjaʿ who followed him.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1127No grade recorded
[ حَفْرُ الْخَنْدَقِ وَتَخَاذُلُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَجِدُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ] فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَمَا أَجْمَعُوا لَهُ مِنْ الْأَمْرِ، ضَرَبَ الْخَنْدَقَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَعَمِلَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَرْغِيبًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي الْأَجْرِ، وَعَمِلَ مَعَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِيهِ، فَدَأَبَ فِيهِ وَدَأَبُوا. وَأَبْطَأَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي عَمَلِهِمْ ذَلِكَ رِجَالٌ مِنْ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، وَجَعَلُوا يُوَرُّونَ بِالضَّعِيفِ مِنْ الْعَمَلِ، وَيَتَسَلَّلُونَ إلَى أَهْلِيهِمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَلَا إذْنٍ. وَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إذَا نَابَتْهُ النَّائِبَةُ، مِنْ الْحَاجَةِ الَّتِي لَا بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْهَا، يَذْكُرُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَيَسْتَأْذِنُهُ فِي اللُّحُوقِ بِحَاجَتِهِ، فَيَأْذَنُ لَهُ، فَإِذَا قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ رَجَعَ إلَى مَا كَانَ فِيهِ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ، رَغْبَةً فِي الْخَيْرِ، وَاحْتِسَابًا لَهُ
✧ [The digging of the trench, the slackening of the hypocrites, and the diligence of the believers] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard of them, and of what they had resolved upon against him, he ordered a trench to be dug around Madinah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ worked at it himself to encourage the Muslims to seek reward, and the Muslims worked with him. He labored persistently, and so did they. Some men of the hypocrites, however, lagged behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the Muslims in their work; they pretended to be weak and slipped away to their families without the knowledge of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ or his permission. But whenever a Muslim faced some necessity that he could not avoid, he would mention it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and ask his permission to attend to it, and he would grant him leave. When he had taken care of his need, he would return to his work, desiring good and seeking reward from Allah.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1128No grade recorded
[ مَا نَزَلَ فِي الْعَامِلِينَ فِي الْخَنْدَقِ مُؤْمِنِينَ وَمُنَافِقِينَ ] فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي أُولَئِكَ مِنْ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: إِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَإِذَا كَانُوا مَعَهُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ جَامِعٍ لَمْ يَذْهَبُوا حَتَّى يَسْتَأْذِنُوهُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَكَ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَإِذَا اسْتَأْذَنُوكَ لِبَعْضِ شَأْنِهِمْ فَأْذَنْ لِمَنْ شِئْتَ مِنْهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمُاللَّهَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِيمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحِسْبَةِ وَالرَّغْبَةِ فِي الْخَيْرِ، وَالطَّاعَةِ لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ. ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَى، يَعْنِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَتَسَلَّلُونَ مِنْ الْعَمَلِ، وَيَذْهَبُونَ بِغَيْرِ إذْنٍ مِنْ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: لَا تَجْعَلُوا دُعَاءَ الرَّسُولِ بَيْنَكُمْ كَدُعَاءِ بَعْضِكُمْ بَعْضًا قَدْ يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ يَتَسَلَّلُونَ مِنْكُمْ لِوَاذًا فَلْيَحْذَرِ الَّذِينَ يُخَالِفُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ تُصِيبَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ أَوْ يُصِيبَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ [ تَفْسِيرُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ لِبَعْضِ الْغَرِيبِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: اللِّوَاذُ: الِاسْتِتَارُ بِالشَّيْءِ عِنْدَ الْهَرَبِ، قَالَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ: وَقُرَيْشٌ تَفِرُّ مِنَّا لِوَاذًا أَنْ يُقِيمُوا وَخَفَّ مِنْهَا الْحُلُومُ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ، قَدْ ذَكَرْتهَا فِي أَشْعَارِ يَوْمِ أُحُدٍ. أَلَا إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: مِنْ صَدْقٍ أَوْ كَذِبٍ. وَيَوْمَ يُرْجَعُونَ إِلَيْهِ فَيُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا عَمِلُوا وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ
✧ What was revealed concerning those who worked on the trench, believers and hypocrites. God Most High revealed concerning those believers: “The believers are only those who believe in God and His Messenger and, when they are with him on a collective matter, do not depart until they ask his permission. Indeed, those who ask your permission—those are the ones who believe in God and His Messenger. So when they ask your permission for some matter of theirs, give permission to whom you will among them and ask God’s forgiveness for them. Indeed, God is Forgiving, Merciful.” This verse was revealed concerning those Muslims who were people of standing and desire for good and obedience to God and His Messenger ﷺ. Then He Most High said, meaning the hypocrites who used to slip away from the work and depart without permission from the Prophet ﷺ: “Do not make the calling of the Messenger among yourselves like the calling of one another. God already knows those of you who slip away, seeking shelter. So let those who contravene his command beware lest a trial befall them or a painful punishment befall them.” Ibn Hishām said: al-liwādh means hiding behind something while fleeing. Ḥassān b. Thābit said: “And Quraysh flee from us secretly, refusing to stand, their minds grown light.” This verse is in an ode of his, which I have mentioned among the poems of the day of Uḥud. “Surely to God belongs what is in the heavens and the earth. He knows what you are upon.” Ibn Isḥāq said: of truth or falsehood. “And on the day when they are returned to Him, He will tell them what they did. And God has knowledge of all things.”
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1129No grade recorded
[ ارْتِجَازُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي حَفْرِ الْخَنْدَقِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَعَمِلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِيهِ حَتَّى أَحْكَمُوهُ، وَارْتَجَزُوا فِيهِ بِرَجُلِ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، يُقَالُ لَهُ جُعَيْلٌ، سَمَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: عَمْرًا، فَقَالُوا: سَمَّاهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ جُعَيْلٍ عَمْرَا وَكَانَ لِلْبَائِسِ يَوْمًا ظَهْرَا فَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِعَمْرٍو قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: عَمْرًا، وَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِظَهْرٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: ظَهْرًا
✧ The Muslims’ chanting of rajaz verses while digging the trench. Ibn Isḥāq said: The Muslims worked on it until they had made it secure, and they chanted rajaz verses about a man of the Muslims called Juʿayl, whom the Messenger of God ﷺ named ʿAmr. They said: “He named him after Juʿayl ʿAmrā; and he was for the wretched one day a support.” When they came to “ʿAmrā,” the Messenger of God ﷺ said, “ʿAmrā,” and when they came to “a support,” the Messenger of God ﷺ said, “a support.”
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1130No grade recorded
[ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْ الْمُعْجِزَاتِ يوم الخندق ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ فِي حَفْرِ الْخَنْدَقِ أَحَادِيثُ بَلَغَتْنِي، فِيهَا مِنْ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عِبْرَةٌ فِي تَصْدِيقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَتَحْقِيقِ نُبُوَّتِهِ، عَايَنَ ذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ. [ مُعْجِزَةُ الْكُدْيَةِ يوم الخندق ] فَكَانَ مِمَّا بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ: أَنَّهُ اشْتَدَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي بَعْضِ الْخَنْدَقِ كُدْيَةٌ، فَشَكَوْهَا إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَدَعَا بِإِنَاءِ مِنْ مَاءٍ، فَتَفَلَ فِيهِ؛ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ بِهِ، ثُمَّ نَضَحَ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْكُدْيَةِ؛ فَيَقُولُ مَنْ حَضَرَهَا: فَوَاَلَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ نَبِيًّا، لَانْهَالَتْ حَتَّى عَادَتْ كَالْكَثِيبِ، لَا تَرُدُّ فَأْسًا وَلَا مِسْحَاةً
✧ [What appeared of the miracles on the day of al-Khandaq] Ibn Isḥāq said: In the digging of the trench there were accounts that reached me, in which there is from God Most High a lesson in confirming the Messenger of God ﷺ, and verifying his prophethood, which the Muslims witnessed. [The miracle of the hard rock on the day of al-Khandaq] Among what reached me is that Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh used to relate: that a hard rock became difficult for them in part of the trench, and they complained of it to the Messenger of God ﷺ. He called for a vessel of water, then spat into it; then he supplicated with whatever God willed that he supplicate; then he sprinkled that water upon that hard rock. Those who were present said: By Him who sent him with the truth as a prophet, it crumbled until it became like a sand heap, not repelling a pickaxe or a shovel.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1131No grade recorded
[ الْبَرَكَةُ فِي تَمْرِ ابْنَةِ بَشِيرٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ مِينَا أَنَّهُ حُدِّثَ: أَنَّ ابْنَةً لِبَشِيرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، أُخْتِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ، قَالَتْ: دَعَتْنِي أُمِّي عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ رَوَاحَةَ، فَأَعْطَتْنِي حَفْنَةً مِنْ تَمْرٍ فِي ثَوْبِي، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ: أَيْ بُنَيَّةُ. اذْهَبِي إلَى أَبِيكَ وَخَالِكَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ بِغَدَائِهِمَا، قَالَتْ: فَأَخَذْتهَا، فَانْطَلَقْتُ بِهَا، فَمَرَرْتُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا أَلْتَمِسُ أَبِي وَخَالِي، فَقَالَ: تَعَالَيْ يَا بُنَيَّةُ، مَا هَذَا مَعَكَ ؟ قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَذَا تَمْرٌ، بَعَثَتْنِي بِهِ أُمِّي إلَى أَبِي بَشِيرِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، وَخَالِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ يَتَغَدَّيَانِهِ، قَالَ: هَاتِيهِ، قَالَتْ: فَصَبَبْتُهُ فِي كَفَّيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَمَا مَلَأَتْهُمَا، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِثَوْبِ فَبُسِطَ لَهُ، ثُمَّ دَحَا بِالتَّمْرِ عَلَيْهِ، فَتَبَدَّدَ فَوْقَ الثَّوْبِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِإِنْسَانِ عِنْدَهُ: اُصْرُخْ فِي أَهْلِ الْخَنْدَقِ: أَنْ هَلُمَّ إلَى الْغَدَاءِ. فَاجْتَمَعَ أَهْلُ الْخَنْدَقِ عَلَيْهِ، فَجَعَلُوا يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْهُ، وَجَعَلَ يَزِيدُ، حَتَّى صَدَرَ أَهْلُ الْخَنْدَقِ عَنْهُ، وَإِنَّهُ لَيَسْقُطُ مِنْ أَطْرَافِ الثَّوْبِ
✧ [The blessing in the dates of the daughter of Bashir] Ibn Ishaq said: Sa'id b. Mina told me that he was told: A daughter of Bashir b. Sa'd, the sister of al-Nu'man b. Bashir, said: My mother 'Amrah bt. Rawahah called me and gave me a handful of dates in my garment, then said, 'My little daughter, go to your father and your maternal uncle 'Abd Allah b. Rawahah with their breakfast.' She said: I took it and went off with it. I passed by the Messenger of God ﷺ while I was looking for my father and maternal uncle. He said, 'Come here, my little daughter. What is this with you?' She said: I said, 'Messenger of God, these are dates. My mother sent me with them to my father Bashir b. Sa'd and my maternal uncle 'Abd Allah b. Rawahah to have as their breakfast.' He said, 'Give them to me.' She said: I poured them into the palms of the Messenger of God ﷺ, and they did not fill them. Then he ordered a garment and it was spread out for him. Then he scattered the dates over it, and they dispersed over the garment. Then he said to a person near him, 'Call out to the people of the trench: "Come to breakfast."' The people of the trench gathered around it, and they began to eat from it, and it kept increasing, until the people of the trench went away from it, and it was still spilling from the edges of the garment.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1132No grade recorded
[ الْبَرَكَةُ فِي طَعَامِ جَابِرٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ مِينَا، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: عَمِلْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْخَنْدَقِ، فَكَانَتْ عِنْدِي شُوَيْهَةٌ، غَيْرُ جِدٍّ سَمِينَةٌ. قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: وَاَللَّهِ لَوْ صَنَعْنَاهَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؛ قَالَ: فَأَمَرْتُ امْرَأَتِي، فَطَحَنَتْ لَنَا شَيْئًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ، فَصَنَعَتْ لَنَا مِنْهُ خُبْزًا، وَذَبَحَتْ تِلْكَ الشَّاةَ، فَشَوَيْنَاهَا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَمْسَيْنَا وَأَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الِانْصِرَافَ عَنْ الْخَنْدَقِ - قَالَ: وَكُنَّا نَعْمَلُ فِيهِ نَهَارَنَا، فَإِذَا أَمْسَيْنَا رَجَعْنَا إلَى أَهَالِيِنَا - قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنِّي قَدْ صَنَعْتُ لَكَ شُوَيْهَةً كَانَتْ عِنْدَنَا، وَصَنَعْنَا مَعَهَا شَيْئًا مِنْ خُبْزِ هَذَا الشَّعِيرِ، فَأُحِبُّ أَنْ تَنْصَرِفَ مَعِي إلَى مَنْزِلِي، وَإِنَّمَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ مَعِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحْدَهُ. قَالَ: فَلَمَّا أَنْ قُلْتُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ صَارِخًا فَصَرَخَ: أَنْ انْصَرِفُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى بَيْتِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؛ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: إنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ قَالَ: فَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ، قَالَ: فَجَلَسَ وَأَخْرَجْنَاهَا إلَيْهِ. قَالَ: فَبَرَّكَ وَسَمَّى ( اللَّهَ )، ثُمَّ أَكَلَ، وَتَوَارَدَهَا النَّاسُ، كُلَّمَا فَرَغَ قَوْمٌ قَامُوا وَجَاءَ نَاسٌ، حَتَّى صَدَرَ أَهْلُ الْخَنْدَقِ عَنْهَا
✧ The Blessing in the Food of Jābir Ibn Isḥāq said: Saʿīd b. Mīnā related to me, from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, who said: We worked with the Messenger of God ﷺ at the Trench, and I had a small ewe, not very fat. He said: I said: By God, if only we could prepare it for the Messenger of God ﷺ. He said: So I ordered my wife, and she ground some barley for us, and made bread from it, and slaughtered that ewe, and we roasted it for the Messenger of God ﷺ. He said: When evening came and the Messenger of God wanted to leave the Trench — he said: We used to work in it during our day, and when evening came we returned to our families — he said: I said: O Messenger of God, I have prepared for you a small ewe that we had, and we made with it some bread from this barley, and I would like you to leave with me to my house, and I only want the Messenger of God ﷺ to leave with me alone. He said: When I said that to him, he said: Yes. Then he ordered a caller, and he called out: Depart with the Messenger of God ﷺ to the house of Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh. He said: I said: Truly we belong to God, and truly to Him we return. He said: So the Messenger of God ﷺ came, and the people came with him. He said: He sat down, and we brought it out to him. He said: He invoked blessing and mentioned the name of God, then ate, and the people came to it in succession; whenever a group had finished they rose, and other people came, until the people of the Trench had all returned from it.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1133No grade recorded
[ مَا أَرَى اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ مِنْ الْفَتْحِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحُدِّثْتُ عَنْ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيِّ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: ضَرَبْتُ فِي نَاحِيَةٍ مِنْ الْخَنْدَقِ، فَغَلُظَتْ عَلَيَّ صَخْرَةٌ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَرِيبٌ مِنِّي؛ فَلَمَّا رَآنِي أَضْرِبُ وَرَأَى شِدَّةَ الْمَكَانِ عَلَيَّ، نَزَلَ فَأَخَذَ الْمِعْوَلَ مِنْ يَدِي، فَضَرَبَ بِهِ ضَرْبَةً لَمَعَتْ تَحْتَ الْمِعْوَلِ بُرْقَةٌ؛ قَالَ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ بِهِ ضَرْبَةً أُخْرَى، فَلَمَعَتْ تَحْتَهُ بُرْقَةٌ أُخْرَى؛ قَالَ: ثُمَّ ضَرَبَ بِهِ الثَّالِثَةَ، فَلَمَعَتْ تَحْتَهُ بُرْقَةٌ أُخْرَى. قَالَ: قُلْتُ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا هَذَا الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ لَمَعَ تَحْتَ الْمِعْوَلِ وَأَنْتَ تَضْرِبُ ؟ قَالَ: أَوَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ يَا سَلْمَانُ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ؛ قَالَ: أَمَّا الْأُولَى فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ فَتَحَ عَلَيَّ بِهَا الْيَمَنَ؛ وَأَمَّا الثَّانِيَةُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ فَتَحَ عَلَيَّ بِهَا الشَّامَ وَالْمَغْرِبَ؛ وَأَمَّا الثَّالِثَةُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ فَتَحَ عَلَيَّ بِهَا الْمَشْرِقَ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي مَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ، حِينَ فُتِحَتْ هَذِهِ الْأَمْصَارُ فِي زَمَانِ عُمَرَ وَزَمَانِ عُثْمَانَ وَمَا بَعْدَهُ: افْتَتِحُوا مَا بَدَا لَكُمْ، فَوَاَلَّذِي نَفْسِي أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ بِيَدِهِ، مَا افْتَتَحْتُمْ مِنْ مَدِينَةٍ وَلَا تَفْتَتِحُونَهَا إلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ إلَّا وَقَدْ أَعْطَى اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ مَفَاتِيحَهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ
✧ What God showed His Messenger of the conquest. Ibn Isḥāq said: I was told from Salmān al-Fārisī that he said: I was striking in a part of the trench, and a rock became hard for me, and the Messenger of God ﷺ was near me. When he saw me striking and saw the severity of the place upon me, he came down and took the pickaxe from my hand and struck with it a blow, and a flash gleamed beneath the pickaxe. He said: Then he struck with it another blow, and another flash gleamed beneath it. He said: Then he struck with it the third, and another flash gleamed beneath it. He said: I said: By my father and my mother, O Messenger of God, what is this that I saw gleaming beneath the pickaxe while you were striking? He said: Did you indeed see that, O Salmān? He said: I said: Yes. He said: As for the first, God opened for me by it Yemen; as for the second, God opened for me by it Syria and the West; and as for the third, God opened for me by it the East. Ibn Isḥāq said: And one whom I do not suspect told me from Abū Hurayrah that he used to say, when these garrison towns were conquered in the time of ʿUmar and the time of ʿUthmān and after: Conquer whatever appears to you, for by Him in Whose hand is the soul of Abū Hurayrah, you have not conquered any city, nor will you conquer it until the Day of Resurrection, but God, glorified be He, had already given Muḥammad ﷺ its keys before that.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1134No grade recorded
[ نُزُولُ قُرَيْشٍ الْمَدِينَةَ يوم الخندق ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَلَمَّا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ الْخَنْدَقِ، أَقْبَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ بِمُجْتَمَعِ الْأَسْيَالِ مِنْ رُومَةَ، بَيْنَ الْجُرُفِ وَزَغَابَةَ فِي عَشْرَةِ آلَافٍ مِنْ أَحَابِيشِهِمْ، وَمَنْ تَبِعَهُمْ مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ وَأَهْلِ تِهَامَةَ، وَأَقْبَلَتْ غَطَفَانُ وَمَنْ تَبِعَهُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْدٍ، حَتَّى نَزَلُوا بِذَنَبِ نَقْمَى، إلَى جَانِبِ أُحُدٍ. وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ، حَتَّى جَعَلُوا ظُهُورَهُمْ إلَى سَلْعٍ، فِي ثَلَاثَةِ آلَافٍ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَضَرَبَ هُنَالِكَ عَسْكَرَهُ، وَالْخَنْدَقُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ
✧ [The encampment of Quraysh at Madinah on the day of the Trench] Ibn Isḥāq said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had finished the trench, Quraysh advanced until they encamped at the meeting-place of the torrents from Rūmah, between al-Jurf and Zaghābah, with ten thousand of their Aḥābīsh and those who followed them from Banū Kinānah and the people of Tihāmah. And Ghaṭafān advanced, along with those who followed them from the people of Najd, until they encamped at Dhanab Naqmā, beside Uḥud. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the Muslims went out until they put their backs to Salʿ, with three thousand of the Muslims; he pitched his camp there, with the trench between him and the people.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1135No grade recorded
[ اسْتِعْمَالُ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ يوم الخندق ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَأَمَرَ بِالذَّرَارِيِّ وَالنِّسَاءِ فَجُعِلُوا فِي الْآطَامِ
✧ He said Ibn Hishām: And he appointed Ibn Umm Maktūm over Madinah. He said Ibn Isḥāq: And he commanded that the children and women be placed in the strongholds.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1136No grade recorded
[ حَمْلُ حُيَيٍّ كَعْبًا عَلَى نَقْضِ عَهْدِهِ لِلرَّسُولِ يوم الخندق ] ( قَالَ ): وَخَرَجَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ حُيَيُّ بْنُ أَخْطَبَ النَّضْرِيُّ، حَتَّى أَتَى كَعْبَ بْنَ أَسَدٍ الْقُرَظِيَّ، صَاحِبَ عَقْدِ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ وَعَهْدِهِمْ، وَكَانَ قَدْ وَادَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ، وَعَاقَدَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَعَاهَدَهُ؛ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ كَعْبٌ بِحُيَيِّ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ أَغْلَقَ دُونَهُ بَابَ حِصْنِهِ، فَاسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَيْهِ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَفْتَحَ لَهُ، فَنَادَاهُ حُيَيٌّ: وَيْحَكَ يَا كَعْبُ افْتَحْ لِي؛ قَالَ: وَيْحكَ يَا حُيَيُّ: إنَّكَ امْرُؤٌ مَشْئُومٌ، وَإِنِّي قَدْ عَاهَدْتُ مُحَمَّدًا، فَلَسْتُ بِنَاقِضٍ مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ، وَلَمْ أَرَ مِنْهُ إلَّا وَفَاءً وَصِدْقًا؛ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ افْتَحْ لِي أُكَلِّمْكَ؛ قَالَ: مَا أَنَا بِفَاعِلِ، قَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ إنْ أَغْلَقْتُ دُونِي إلَّا عَنْ جَشِيشَتِكَ أَنْ آكُلَ مَعَكَ مِنْهَا؛ فَاحْفَظْ الرَّجُلَ، فَفَتَحَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ: وَيْحَكَ يَا كَعْبُ، جِئْتُكَ بِعِزِّ الدَّهْرِ وَبِبَحْرٍ طَامٍّ، جِئْتُكَ بِقُرَيْشٍ عَلَى قَادَتِهَا وَسَادَتِهَا، حَتَّى أَنْزَلْتهمْ بِمُجْتَمَعِ الْأَسْيَالِ مِنْ رُومَةَ، وَبِغَطَفَانَ عَلَى قَادَتِهَا وَسَادَتِهَا حَتَّى أَنْزَلَتْهُمْ بِذَنَبِ نَقْمَى إلَى جَانِبِ أُحُدٍ، قَدْ عَاهَدُونِي وَعَاقَدُونِي عَلَى أَنْ لَا يَبْرَحُوا حَتَّى نَسْتَأْصِلَ مُحَمَّدًا وَمَنْ مَعَهُ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ لَهُ كَعْبٌ: جِئْتنِي وَاَللَّهِ بِذُلِّ الدَّهْرِ، وَبِجَهَامٍ، قَدْ هَرَاقَ مَاءَهُ، فَهُوَ يَرْعَدُ وَيَبْرُقُ، لَيْسَ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، وَيْحَكَ يَا حُيَيُّ فَدَعْنِي وَمَا أَنَا عَلَيْهِ، فَإِنِّي لَمْ أَرَ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ إلَّا صِدْقًا وَوَفَاءً. فَلَمْ يَزَلْ حُيَيٌّ بِكَعْبِ يَفْتِلُهُ فِي الذَّرْوَةِ وَالْغَارِبِ، حَتَّى سَمَحَ لَهُ، عَلَى أَنْ أَعْطَاهُ عَهْدًا ( مِنْ اللَّهِ ) وَمِيثَاقًا: لَئِنْ رَجَعَتْ قُرَيْشٌ وَغَطَفَانُ، وَلَمْ يُصِيبُوا مُحَمَّدًا أَنْ أَدْخُلَ مَعَكَ فِي حِصْنِكَ حَتَّى يُصِيبَنِي مَا أَصَابَكَ. فَنَقَضَ كَعْبُ بْنُ أَسَدٍ عَهْدَهُ، وَبَرِئَ مِمَّا كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ
✧ The carrying of Huyayy to Kaʿb to break his covenant with the Messenger on the day of al-Khandaq. He said: And the enemy of God, Huyayy b. Akhṭab al-Naḍrī, went out until he came to Kaʿb b. Asad al-Quraẓī, the holder of the pact of Banū Qurayẓa and their covenant, who had made peace with the Messenger of God ﷺ on behalf of his people, and had contracted with him upon that and covenanted with him. When Kaʿb heard of Huyayy b. Akhṭab, he shut the gate of his fortress against him, and he sought permission to enter, but Kaʿb refused to open for him. Huyayy called to him: “Woe to you, O Kaʿb, open for me.” He said: “Woe to you, O Huyayy! You are an ill-omened man, and I have covenanted with Muḥammad, so I will not break what is between me and him. I have seen from him only faithfulness and truthfulness.” He said: “Woe to you, open for me and let me speak with you.” He said: “I will not do it.” He said: “By God, you have closed the gate against me only because of your barley porridge, lest I eat of it with you. So beware of the man.” Then he opened for him, and he said: “Woe to you, O Kaʿb, I have brought you the glory of the age and a flooding sea. I have brought you Quraysh with their leaders and their chiefs, until I made them encamp at the meeting place of the torrents from Rūmah, and Ghatafān with their leaders and their chiefs, until they encamped at the tail of Naqmā beside Uḥud. They have covenanted with me and contracted with me that they will not depart until we root out Muḥammad and those with him.” He said: Then Kaʿb said to him: “By God, you have brought me the humiliation of the age and a rainless cloud that has poured out its water, so it thunders and lightens, but there is nothing in it. Woe to you, O Huyayy, leave me and what I am upon, for I have seen from Muḥammad only truthfulness and faithfulness.” But Huyayy kept at Kaʿb, twisting him in the forelock and the withers, until he yielded to him, on condition that he gave him a covenant from God and a solemn pact: if Quraysh and Ghatafān withdrew without striking Muḥammad, he would enter with him into his fortress until whatever befell him befell him. So Kaʿb b. Asad broke his covenant and renounced what was between him and the Messenger of God ﷺ.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1137No grade recorded
[ تَحَرِّي الرَّسُولِ عَنْ نَقْضِ كَعْبٍ لِلْعَهْدِ يوم الخندق ] فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْخَبَرُ وَإِلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ، وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ سَيِّدُ الْأَوْسِ، وَسَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ دُلَيْمٍ، أَحَدَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ سَيِّدُ الْخَزْرَجِ وَمَعَهُمَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ، أَخُو بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ، وَخَوَّاتُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ، أَخُو بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ. فَقَالَ: انْطَلِقُوا حَتَّى تَنْظُرُوا، أَحَقٌّ مَا بَلَغَنَا عَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمِ أَمْ لَا ؟ فَإِنْ كَانَ حَقًّا فَالْحَنُوا لِي لَحْنًا أَعْرِفُهُ، وَلَا تَفُتُّوا فِي أَعْضَادِ النَّاسِ وَإِنْ كَانُوا عَلَى الْوَفَاءِ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ فَاجْهَرُوا بِهِ لِلنَّاسِ قَالَ: فَخَرَجُوا حَتَّى أَتَوْهُمْ، فَوَجَدُوهُمْ عَلَى أَخْبَثِ مَا بَلَغَهُمْ عَنْهُمْ، ( فِيمَا ) نَالُوا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَقَالُوا: مَنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ؟ لَا عَهْدَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَلَا عَقْدَ. فَشَاتَمَهُمْ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ وَشَاتَمُوهُ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا فِيهِ حِدَّةٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ: دَعْ عَنْكَ مُشَاتَمَتَهُمْ، فَمَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ أَرْبَى مِنْ الْمُشَاتَمَةِ. ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ سَعْدٌ وَسَعْدٌ وَمَنْ مَعَهُمَا، إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالُوا: عَضَلٌ وَالْقَارَّةُ؛ أَيْ كَغَدْرِ عَضَلٍ وَالْقَارَّةِ بِأَصْحَابِ الرَّجِيعِ، خُبَيْبٍ وَأَصْحَابِهِ؛ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، أَبْشِرُوا يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
✧ [The Messenger’s ascertaining of Kaʿb’s breaking of the covenant on the Day of al-Khandaq] When the news reached the Messenger of God ﷺ and the Muslims, the Messenger of God ﷺ sent Saʿd b. Muʿādh b. al-Nuʿmān, who was that day the chief of the Aws, and Saʿd b. ʿUbādah b. Dulaym, one of the Banū Sāʿidah b. Kaʿb b. al-Khazraj, who was that day the chief of the Khazraj, and with them ʿAbd Allāh b. Rawāḥah, brother of the Banū al-Ḥārith b. al-Khazraj, and Khawwāt b. Jubayr, brother of the Banū ʿAmr b. ʿAwf. He said: ‘Go and see whether what has reached us about these people is true or not. If it is true, then speak to me in a veiled manner that I will recognize, and do not weaken the people’s resolve. But if they remain faithful to what is between us and them, then proclaim it openly to the people.’ So they went out until they came to them, and found them in the worst state of what had been reported about them, in their abuse of the Messenger of God ﷺ, and they said: ‘Who is the Messenger of God? There is no covenant between us and Muḥammad and no pact.’ Saʿd b. Muʿādh reviled them and they reviled him, for he was a man of sharp temper. Saʿd b. ʿUbādah said to him: ‘Leave off reviling them, for what is between us and them is more serious than reviling.’ Then Saʿd and Saʿd and those with them returned to the Messenger of God ﷺ, greeted him, and then said: ‘ʿAḍal and al-Qārah’—that is, like the treachery of ʿAḍal and al-Qārah toward the companions of al-Rajīʿ, Khubayb and his companions. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: ‘God is greatest. Rejoice, O company of Muslims.’
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1138No grade recorded
[ مَا عَمَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ الْخَوْفِ وَظُهُورُ نِفَاقِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ يوم الخندق ] ( قَالَ ): وَعَظُمَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ الْبَلَاءُ، وَاشْتَدَّ الْخَوْفُ، وَأَتَاهُمْ عَدُوُّهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُمْ، حَتَّى ظَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ كُلَّ ظَنٍّ، وَنَجَمَ النِّفَاقُ مِنْ بَعْضِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، حَتَّى قَالَ مُعَتِّبُ بْنُ قُشَيْرٍ، أَخُو بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ: كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ يَعِدُنَا أَنْ نَأْكُلَ كُنُوزَ كِسْرَى وَقَيْصَرَ، وَأَحَدُنَا الْيَوْمَ لَا يَأْمَنُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ إلَى الْغَائِطِ. [ رَأْيُ ابْنِ هِشَامٍ فِي نِفَاقِ مُعَتِّبٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي مَنْ أَثِقُ بِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: أَنَّ مُعَتِّبَ بْنَ قُشَيْرٍ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِنْ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، وَاحْتَجَّ بِأَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَتَّى قَالَ أَوْسُ بْنُ قَيْظِيٍّ، أَحَدُ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنَّ بُيُوتَنَا عَوْرَةٌ مِنْ الْعَدُوِّ، وَذَلِكَ عَنْ مَلَأٍ مِنْ رِجَالِ قَوْمِهِ، فَأْذَنْ لَنَا أَنْ نَخْرُجَ فَنَرْجِعَ إلَى دَارِنَا، فَإِنَّهَا خَارِجٌ مِنْ الْمَدِينَةِ فَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَقَامَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِضْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً، قَرِيبًا مِنْ شَهْرٍ، لَمْ تَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمْ حَرْبٌ إلَّا الرَّمِّيا بِالنَّبْلِ وَالْحِصَارُ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ الرَّمْيَا
✧ He said: The affliction then grew severe, the fear intensified, and their enemy came upon them from above them and from below them, until the believers thought every thought, and hypocrisy emerged from some of the hypocrites. Muʿattib b. Qushayr, brother of the Banū ʿAmr b. ʿAwf, even said: “Muḥammad used to promise us that we would eat the treasures of Kisrā and Caesar, while one of us today does not feel safe for himself even to go to the privy.” Ibn Hishām said: One of the people of knowledge whom I trust informed me that Muʿattib b. Qushayr was not among the hypocrites, arguing that he was one of the people of Badr. Ibn Isḥāq said: Aws b. Qayẓī, one of the Banū Ḥārithah b. al-Ḥārith, even said, on behalf of a group of men of his people: “O Messenger of God, our houses are exposed to the enemy, so permit us to leave and return to our dwellings, for they are outside Madinah.” The Messenger of God ﷺ remained, and the polytheists remained besieging him for over twenty nights, nearly a month, with no fighting between them except the shooting of arrows and the siege. Ibn Hishām said: It is also said: “the shooting.”
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1139No grade recorded
[ هَمَّ الرَّسُولُ بِعَقْدِ الصُّلْحِ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ غَطَفَانَ ثُمَّ عَدَلَ يوم الخندق ] فَلَمَّا اشْتَدَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ الْبَلَاءُ، بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ وَمَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيِّ، إلَى عُيَيْنَةَ بْنِ حِصْنِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ بَدْرٍ، وَإِلَى الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَوْفِ بْنِ أَبِي حَارِثَةَ الْمُرِّيِّ، وَهُمَا قَائِدَا غَطَفَانَ، فَأَعْطَاهُمَا ثُلُثَ ثِمَارِ الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى أَنْ يَرْجِعَا بِمَنْ مَعَهُمَا عَنْهُ وَعَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَجَرَى بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمَا الصُّلْحُ، حَتَّى كَتَبُوا الْكِتَابَ وَلَمْ تَقَعْ الشَّهَادَةُ وَلَا عَزِيمَةُ الصُّلْحِ، إلَّا الْمُرَاوَضَةُ فِي ذَلِكَ. فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَفْعَلَ، بَعَثَ إلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ وَسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ، فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُمَا، وَاسْتَشَارَهُمَا فِيهِ، فَقَالَا لَهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَمْرًا نُحِبُّهُ فَنَصْنَعُهُ، أَمْ شَيْئًا أَمَرَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ، لَا بُدَّ لَنَا مِنْ الْعَمَلِ بِهِ، أَمْ شَيْئًا تَصْنَعُهُ لَنَا ؟ قَالَ: بَلْ شَيْءٌ أَصْنَعُهُ لَكُمْ، وَاَللَّهِ مَا أَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ إلَّا لِأَنَّنِي رَأَيْتُ الْعَرَبَ قَدْ رَمَتْكُمْ عَنْ قَوْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ، وَكَالَبُوكُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَكْسِرَ عَنْكُمْ مِنْ شَوْكَتِهِمْ إلَى أَمْرٍ مَا، فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، قَدْ كُنَّا نَحْنُ وَهَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ عَلَى الشِّرْكِ بِاَللَّهِ وَعِبَادَةِ الْأَوْثَانِ، لَا نَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ وَلَا نَعْرِفُهُ، وَهُمْ لَا يَطْمَعُونَ أَنْ يَأْكُلُوا مِنْهَا تَمْرَةً إلَّا قِرًى أَوْ بَيْعًا، أَفَحِينَ أَكْرَمْنَا اللَّهُ بِالْإِسْلَامِ وَهَدَانَا لَهُ وَأَعَزَّنَا بِكَ وَبِهِ، نُعْطِيهِمْ أَمْوَالَنَا ( وَاَللَّهِ ) مَا لَنَا بِهَذَا مِنْ حَاجَةٍ، وَاَللَّهِ لَا نُعْطِيهِمْ إلَّا السَّيْفَ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ؛ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: فَأَنْتَ وَذَاكَ. فَتَنَاوَلَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الصَّحِيفَةَ، فَمَحَا مَا فِيهَا مِنْ الْكِتَابِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: لِيَجْهَدُوا عَلَيْنَا
✧ [The Messenger's intention to conclude a peace between him and Ghaṭafān, then his turning away from it, on the day of al-Khandaq] When the affliction became severe upon the people, the Messenger of God ﷺ sent, as ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah and one whom I do not suspect related to me on the authority of Muḥammad b. Muslim b. ʿUbayd Allāh b. Shihāb al-Zuhrī, to ʿUyaynah b. Ḥiṣn b. Ḥudhayfah b. Badr and to al-Ḥārith b. ʿAwf b. Abī Ḥārithah al-Murrī, the two leaders of Ghaṭafān. He offered them a third of the fruits of al-Madīnah on condition that they withdraw with their forces from him and his companions. A peace agreement was negotiated between him and them until they wrote the document, though the witnessing had not taken place nor was the peace firmly concluded—only the discussion of it. When the Messenger of God ﷺ was about to carry it out, he sent to Saʿd b. Muʿādh and Saʿd b. ʿUbādah and mentioned that to them and consulted them about it. They said to him: "O Messenger of God, is this something we love and so we do it, or something God has commanded you with that we must carry out, or something you are doing for our sake?" He said: "Rather, it is something I do for your sake. By God, I do that only because I have seen the Arabs shooting at you from a single bow and assailing you from every side. I wanted to break some of their strength from you for a time." Saʿd b. Muʿādh said to him: "O Messenger of God, we and these people were upon polytheism and the worship of idols; we did not worship God nor know Him, and they never hoped to eat a single date from it except through hospitality or purchase. Now, when God has honored us with Islam, guided us to it, and strengthened us through you and through it, shall we give them our wealth? By God, we have no need of this. By God, we will give them nothing but the sword until God judges between us and them." The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "You and that." Saʿd b. Muʿādh took the sheet and erased what was in it of writing. Then he said: "Let them strive against us!"
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1140No grade recorded
[ عُبُورُ نَفَرٍ مِنْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ الْخَنْدَقَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ، وَعَدُوُّهُمْ مُحَاصِرُوهُمْ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَيْنَهُمْ قِتَالٌ، إلَّا أَنَّ فَوَارِسَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، مِنْهُمْ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ وُدِّ بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ، أَخُو بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ - قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَعِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ، وَهُبَيْرَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَهْبٍ الْمَخْزُومِيَّانِ، وَضِرَارُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ الشَّاعِرُ بْنُ مِرْدَاسٍ، أَخُو بَنِي مُحَارِبِ بْنِ فِهْرٍ، تَلَبَّسُوا لِلْقِتَالِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجُوا عَلَى خَيْلِهِمْ، حَتَّى مَرُّوا بِمَنَازِلِ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ، فَقَالُوا: تَهَيَّئُوا يَا بَنِي كِنَانَةَ لِلْحَرْبِ، فَسَتَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ الْفُرْسَانُ الْيَوْمَ. ثُمَّ أَقْبَلُوا تُعْنِقُ بِهِمْ خَيْلُهُمْ، حَتَّى وَقَفُوا عَلَى الْخَنْدَقِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ قَالُوا: وَاَللَّهِ إنَّ هَذِهِ لَمَكِيدَةٌ مَا كَانَتْ الْعَرَبُ تَكِيدُهَا
✧ Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of God ﷺ and the Muslims remained, with their enemy besieging them, and there was no fighting between them, except that horsemen from Quraysh—among them ʿAmr b. ʿAbd Wudd b. Abī Qays, brother of the Banū ʿĀmir b. Luʾayy (Ibn Hishām said: It is also said ʿAmr b. ʿAbd b. Abī Qays); Ibn Isḥāq said: and ʿIkrimah b. Abī Jahl and Hubayrah b. Abī Wahb, the two Makhzūmīs, and Ḍirār b. al-Khaṭṭāb the poet, son of Mirdās, brother of the Banū Muḥārib b. Fihr—armed themselves for battle. Then they went out on their horses until they passed by the dwellings of the Banū Kinānah, and they said: "Prepare, O Banū Kinānah, for war, and you will know today who the horsemen are." Then they came on, their horses speeding, until they stopped at the trench. When they saw it, they said: "By God, this is a stratagem the Arabs have never contrived."
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1141No grade recorded
[ سَلْمَانُ وَإِشَارَتُهُ بِحَفْرِ الْخَنْدَقِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: يُقَالُ: إنَّ سَلْمَانَ الْفَارِسِيَّ أَشَارَ بِهِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَحَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ: أَنَّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ قَالُوا: سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا؛ وَقَالَتْ الْأَنْصَارُ: سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا؛ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: سَلْمَانُ مِنَّا أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ
✧ Salmān and his advice to dig the trench Ibn Hishām said: It is said that Salmān al-Fārisī advised it to the Messenger of God ﷺ. And a certain scholar related to me that on the day of the trench the Emigrants said, “Salmān is one of us,” and the Helpers said, “Salmān is one of us,” so the Messenger of God ﷺ said, “Salmān is one of us, the people of the house.”
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1142No grade recorded
[ قَتْلُ عَلِيٍّ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ وَشِعْرُهُ فِي ذَلِكَ يوم الخندق ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ تَيَمَّمُوا مَكَانًا ضَيِّقًا مِنْ الْخَنْدَقِ، فَضَرَبُوا خَيْلَهُمْ فَاقْتَحَمَتْ مِنْهُ، فَجَالَتْ بِهِمْ فِي السَّبْخَةِ بَيْنَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَسَلْعٍ، وَخَرَجَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي نَفَرٍ مَعَهُ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، حَتَّى أَخَذُوا عَلَيْهِمْ الثَّغْرَةَ الَّتِي أَقْحَمُوا مِنْهَا خَيْلَهُمْ وَأَقْبَلَتْ الْفُرْسَانُ تُعْنِقُ نَحْوَهُمْ، وَكَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ قَدْ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ حَتَّى أَثْبَتَتْهُ الْجِرَاحَةُ، فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ؛ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْخَنْدَقِ خَرَجَ مُعْلِمًا لِيُرِيَ مَكَانَهُ: فَلَمَّا وَقَفَ هُوَ وَخَيْلُهُ، قَالَ: مَنْ يُبَارِزُ ؟ فَبَرَزَ لَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا عَمْرُو، إنَّكَ قَدْ كُنْتُ عَاهَدْتُ اللَّهَ أَلَّا يَدْعُوكَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إلَى إحْدَى خَلَّتَيْنِ إلَّا أَخَذْتَهَا مِنْهُ، قَالَ لَهُ: أَجَلْ؛ قَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ إلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ، وَإِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ؛ قَالَ: لَا حَاجَةَ لِي بِذَلِكَ، قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ إلَى النِّزَالِ؛ فَقَالَ لَهُ: لِمَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي ؟ فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْتُلَكَ، قَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: لَكِنِّي وَاَللَّهِ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْتُلَكَ؛ فَحَمَى عَمْرٌو عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ، فَاقْتَحَمَ عَنْ فَرَسِهِ، فَعَقَرَهُ، وَضَرَبَ وَجْهَهُ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ، فَتَنَازَلَا وَتَجَاوَلَا، فَقَتَلَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ. وَخَرَجَتْ خَيْلُهُمْ مُنْهَزِمَةً، حَتَّى اقْتَحَمَتْ مِنْ الْخَنْدَقِ هَارِبَةً. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ: نَصَرَ الْحِجَارَةَ مِنْ سَفَاهَةِ رَأْيِهِ وَنَصَرْتُ رَبَّ مُحَمَّدٍ بِصَوَابِي فَصَدَدْتُ حِينَ تَرَكْتُهُ مُتَجَدِّلًا كَالْجِذْعِ بَيْنَ دَكادِكٍ وَرَوَافِي وَعَفَفْتُ عَنْ أَثْوَابِهِ وَلَوْ أَنَّنِي كُنْتُ الْمُقَطَّرَ بَزَّنِى أَثْوَابِي لَا تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ خَاذِلَ دِينِهِ وَنَبِيِّهِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَحْزَابِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَأَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالشِّعْرِ يَشُكُّ فِيهَا لِعَلِيَّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ
✧ [ʿAlī's killing of ʿAmr b. ʿAbd Wudd and his poetry on that on the day of al-Khandaq] Ibn Isḥāq said: Then they made for a narrow place in the trench, struck their horses so that they plunged through it, and they carried them into the salt marsh between the trench and Salʿ. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ﷺ went out with a band of Muslims with him until they held against them the gap through which they had forced their horses. The horsemen came on at a gallop toward them. ʿAmr b. ʿAbd Wudd had fought on the day of Badr until wounds disabled him, so he had not witnessed the day of Uḥud. When the day of al-Khandaq came, he went out marked to show his place. When he and his horse halted, he said, "Who will come out to single combat?" ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib went out to him and said to him, "O ʿAmr, you made a covenant with God that no man of Quraysh would call you to one of two things but you would accept it from him." He said to him, "Yes." ʿAlī said to him, "Then I call you to God and His Messenger and to Islam." He said, "I have no need of that." He said, "Then I call you to al-nizāl." He said to him, "Why, O son of my brother? By God, I would not like to kill you." ʿAlī said to him, "But I, by God, would like to kill you." ʿAmr became angry at that, dismounted from his horse, hamstrung it, struck its face, then came at ʿAlī. They fought and circled each other, and ʿAlī ؓ killed him. Their horsemen came out in rout until they plunged through the trench in flight. Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, may God's good pleasure be upon him, said about that: He aided stones out of folly of his judgment, while I aided the Lord of Muḥammad with my rightness. So I turned aside when I left him laid low like a palm trunk among hillocks and watercourses. And I refrained from his garments, though had I been the one unhorsed his garments would have stripped me. Do not reckon, O company of the confederates, that God is forsaking His religion and His Prophet. Ibn Hishām said: Most of the people of knowledge in poetry doubt that these verses belong to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1143No grade recorded
[ شِعْرُ حَسَّانَ فِي فِرَارِ عِكْرِمَةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَأَلْقَى عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ رُمْحَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَهُوَ مُنْهَزِمٌ عَنْ عَمْرٍو؛ فَقَالَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فِي ذَلِكَ: فَرَّ وَأَلْقَى لَنَا رُمْحَهُ لَعَلَّكَ عِكْرِمَ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ وَوَلَّيْتَ تَعْدُو كَعَدْوِ الظَّلِيمِ مَا إنْ تَجُورُ عَنْ الْمَعْدِلِ وَلَمْ تَلْقَ ظَهْرَكَ مُسْتَأْنِسًا كَأَنَّ قَفَاكَ قَفَا فُرْعُلِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْفُرْعُلُ: صَغِيرُ الضِّبَاعِ، وَهَذِهِ الْأَبْيَاتُ فِي أَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ
✧ [Ḥassān's poetry on ʿIkrimah's flight] Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿIkrimah b. Abī Jahl threw down his lance that day while he was fleeing from ʿAmr; and Ḥassān b. Thābit said about that: He fled and threw down to us his lance — perhaps you, ʿIkrim, did not do [what you should have] And you turned away, running like the ostrich, never swerving from the road; And you did not meet your back as one at ease, as if the back of your neck were the back of a hyena cub. Ibn Hishām said: al-furʿul is the young of hyenas, and these verses are among verses of his.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1144No grade recorded
[ شِعَارُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ ] وَكَانَ شِعَارُ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَبَنِيَّ قُرَيْظَةَ: حم، لَا يُنْصَرُونَ [ شَأْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ في الأحزاب ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو لَيْلَى عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَهْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَهْلٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، أَخُو بَنِي حَارِثَةَ: أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَانَتْ فِي حِصْنِ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحْرَزِ حُصُونِ الْمَدِينَةِ. قَالَ: وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ مَعَهَا فِي الْحِصْنِ؛ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ عَلَيْنَا الْحِجَابُ: فَمَرَّ سَعْدٌ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ لَهُ مُقَلَّصَةٌ، قَدْ خَرَجَتْ مِنْهَا ذِرَاعُهُ كُلُّهَا، وَفِي يَدِهِ حَرْبَتُهُ يَرْقُدُ بِهَا وَيَقُولُ لَبِّثْ قَلِيلًا يَشْهَدْ الْهَيْجَا جَمَلْ لَا بَأْسَ بِالْمَوْتِ إذَا حَانَ الْأَجَلْ ( قَالَ ) فَقَالَتْ لَهُ أُمُّهُ: الْحَقُّ: أَيْ بني، فَقَدْ وَاَللَّهِ أَخَّرْتُ؛ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: فَقُلْتُ لَهَا: يَا أُمَّ سَعْدٍ، وَاَللَّهِ لَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ دِرْعَ سَعْدٍ كَانَتْ أَسْبَغَ مِمَّا هِيَ؛ قَالَتْ: وَخِفْتِ عَلَيْهِ حَيْثُ أَصَابَ السَّهْمُ مِنْهُ، فَرُمِيَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ بِسَهْمِ، فَقَطَعَ مِنْهُ الْأَكْحَلَ، رَمَاهُ كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، حِبَّانُ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ الْعَرِقَةِ، أَحَدُ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ، فَلَمَّا أَصَابَهُ، قَالَ: خُذْهَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا ابْنُ الْعَرِقَةِ؛ فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدُ: عَرَّقَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَكَ فِي النَّارِ، اللَّهُمَّ إنْ كُنْتَ أَبْقَيْتَ مِنْ حَرْبِ قُرَيْشٍ شَيْئًا فَأَبْقِنِي لَهَا، فَإِنَّهُ لَا قَوْمَ أَحَبَّ إلَيَّ أَنْ أُجَاهِدَهُمْ مِنْ قَوْمٍ آذَوْا رَسُولَكَ وَكَذَّبُوهُ وَأَخْرَجُوهُ، اللَّهُمَّ وَإِنْ كُنْتُ قَدْ وَضَعْتُ الْحَرْبَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ فَاجْعَلْهُ لِي شَهَادَةً، وَلَا تُمِتْنِي حَتَّى تُقِرَّ عَيْنِي مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ
✧ [The battle-cry of the Muslims on the day of the trench] The battle-cry of the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ on the day of the trench and against the Banū Qurayẓah was: Ḥā Mīm, they will not be helped. [The affair of Saʿd b. Muʿādh during the Aḥzāb] Ibn Isḥāq said: Abū Laylā ʿAbd Allāh b. Sahl b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Sahl al-Anṣārī, the brother of the Banū Ḥārithah, related to me that ʿĀʾishah, the Mother of the Believers, was in the fortress of the Banū Ḥārithah on the day of the trench, and it was one of the most secure fortresses of Madinah. He said: The mother of Saʿd b. Muʿādh was with her in the fortress. ʿĀʾishah said—and that was before the veil was imposed upon us: Saʿd passed by, wearing a short coat of mail of his, from which his entire forearm had emerged, and in his hand was his short spear, with which he was thrusting, and he was saying: Tarry a little, let the clamor of battle witness, O camel; there is no harm in death when the appointed time comes. He said: His mother said to him, “Catch up, my son, for by God, you have delayed.” ʿĀʾishah said: I said to her, “O Umm Saʿd, by God, I wish that Saʿd’s coat of mail were more ample than it is.” She said: I feared for him, where the arrow struck him. Saʿd b. Muʿādh was shot with an arrow, which severed his median vein. It was shot at him, as ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah related to me, by Ḥibbān b. Qays b. al-ʿAriqah, one of the Banū ʿĀmir b. Luʾayy. When it struck him, he said, “Take it from me, and I am the son of al-ʿAriqah.” Saʿd said to him, “May God make your face sweat in the Fire. O God, if You have left anything of the war of Quraysh, then keep me alive for it; for there is no people I would rather strive against than a people who harmed Your Messenger, called him a liar, and expelled him. O God, if You have laid down the war between us and them, then make it a martyrdom for me, and do not let me die until You cool my eye from the Banū Qurayẓah.”
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1145No grade recorded
[ شِعْرٌ لِأُسَامَةَ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ قَاتِلُ سَعْدٍ يوم الخندق ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي مَنْ لَا أَتَّهِمُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: مَا أَصَابَ سَعْدًا يَوْمَئِذٍ إلَّا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ الجشمي، حَلِيفُ بَنِي مَخْزُومٍ. وَقَدْ قَالَ أَبُو أُسَامَةَ فِي ذَلِكَ شِعْرًا لِعِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ أَبِي جَهْلٍ: أَعِكْرِمُ هَلَّا لُمْتنِي إذْ تَقُولُ لِي فِدَاكَ بِآطَامِ الْمَدِينَةِ خَالِدُ أَلَسْتُ الَّذِي أَلْزَمْتُ سَعْدًا مُرِشَّةً لَهَا بَيْنَ أَثْنَاءِ الْمَرَافِقِ عَانِدُ قَضَى نَحْبَهُ مِنْهَا سَعِيدٌ فَأَعْوَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ مَعَ الشُّمْطِ الْعَذَارَى النَّوَاهِدُ وَأَنْتَ الَّذِي دَافَعْتَ عَنْهُ وَقَدْ دَعَا عُبَيْدَةُ جَمْعًا مِنْهُمْ إذْ يُكَابِدُ عَلَى حِينِ مَا هُمْ جَائِرٌ عَنْ طَرِيقِهِ وَآخَرُ مَرْعُوبٌ عَنْ الْقَصْدِ قَاصِدُ ( وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ أَيَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ ). [ قَاتِلُ سَعْدٍ فِي رَأْيِ ابْنِ هَشَّامٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: إنَّ الَّذِي رَمَى سَعْدًا خَفَاجَةُ بْنُ عَاصِمِ بْنِ حِبَّانَ
✧ [Poetry by Usāmah indicating that he was the killer of Saʿd on the day of the trench] Ibn Isḥāq said: Someone I do not distrust related to me from ʿAbd Allāh b. Kaʿb b. Mālik that he used to say: Nothing struck Saʿd on that day except Abū Usāmah al-Jushamī, the ally of Banū Makhzūm. Abū Usāmah said poetry about that to ʿIkrimah b. Abī Jahl: O ʿIkrimah, would you not have blamed me when you said to me, "Khālid is your ransom by the fortresses of Madinah"? Am I not the one who caused Saʿd to cling to a wound, with an arrow stuck between his elbow and upper arm? Saʿīd met his fate from it, and the young full-breasted maidens wept over him along with the gray-haired women. And you are the one who defended against him, while ʿUbaydah summoned a group of them, struggling so, at a time when they were deviating from his path, and another, terrified, turned away from the intended course. (And God knows best which of those it was.) [The killer of Saʿd in the opinion of Ibn Hishām] Ibn Hishām said: It is said that the one who shot Saʿd was Khafājah b. ʿĀṣim b. Ḥibbān.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1146No grade recorded
[ صَفِيَّةُ وَحَسَّانُ وَمَا ذَكَرَتْهُ عَنْ جُبْنِهِ يوم الخندق ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَبَّادٍ قَالَ: كَانَتْ صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فِي فَارِعٍ، حِصْنُ حَسَّانِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ؛ قَالَتْ: وَكَانَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ مَعَنَا فِيهِ، مَعَ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ. قَالَتْ صَفِيَّةُ؛ فَمَرَّ بِنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ يَهُودَ، فَجَعَلَ يُطِيفُ بِالْحِصْنِ، وَقَدْ حَارَبَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ، وَقَطَعَتْ مَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَلَيْسَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ أَحَدٌ يَدْفَعُ عَنَّا، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي نُحُورِ عَدُوِّهِمْ، لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفُوا عَنْهُمْ إلَيْنَا إنْ أَتَانَا آتٍ. قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا حَسَّانُ، إنَّ هَذَا الْيَهُودِيَّ كَمَا تَرَى يُطِيفُ بِالْحِصْنِ، وَإِنِّي وَاَللَّهِ مَا آمَنُهُ أَنْ يَدُلَّ عَلَى عَوْرَتِنَا مَنْ وَرَاءَنَا مِنْ يَهُودَ، وَقَدْ شُغِلَ عَنَّا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، فَانْزِلْ إلَيْهِ فَاقْتُلْهُ، قَالَ: يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لَكَ يَا بْنَةَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَاَللَّهِ لَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ هَذَا: قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا قَالَ لِي ذَلِكَ، وَلَمْ أَرَ عِنْدَهُ شَيْئًا، احْتَجَزْتُ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ عَمُودًا، ثُمَّ نَزَلْتُ مِنْ الْحِصْنِ إلَيْهِ، فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالْعَمُودِ حَتَّى قَتَلْتُهُ. قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا فَرَغْتُ مِنْهُ، رَجَعْتُ إلَى الْحِصْنِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا حَسَّانُ، انْزِلْ إلَيْهِ فَاسْلُبْهُ، فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي مِنْ سَلَبِهِ إلَّا أَنَّهُ رَجُلٌ؛ قَالَ: مَا لِي بِسَلَبِهِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ يَا بْنَةَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ
✧ [Ṣafiyyah, Ḥassān and what she related of his cowardice on the day of al-Khandaq] Ibn Isḥāq said: Yaḥyā b. ʿAbbād b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr related to me, from his father ʿAbbād, who said: Ṣafiyyah bt. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib was in Fāriʿ, the fortress of Ḥassān b. Thābit; she said: Ḥassān b. Thābit was with us in it, along with the women and children. Ṣafiyyah said: A man of the Jews passed by us and began to go around the fortress, while Banū Qurayẓah had made war and cut off what was between them and the Messenger of God ﷺ, and there was no one between us and them to defend us, while the Messenger of God ﷺ and the Muslims were at the throats of their enemy, unable to turn away from them to us if someone came to us. She said: I said, “O Ḥassān, this Jew, as you see, is going around the fortress, and by God, I do not feel safe that he may point out our vulnerable spot to those behind us from the Jews, while the Messenger of God ﷺ and his companions are occupied from us; so go down to him and kill him.” He said, “May God forgive you, O daughter of ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib; by God, you know that I am not one for this.” She said: When he said that to me, and I saw nothing in him, I girded myself, took a club, then descended from the fortress to him and struck him with the club until I killed him. She said: When I had finished with him, I returned to the fortress and said, “O Ḥassān, go down to him and strip him, for nothing prevented me from stripping him except that he is a man.” He said, “I have no need of his spoils, O daughter of ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib.”
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1147No grade recorded
[ شَأْنُ نُعَيْمٍ فِي تَخْذِيلِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عَنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يوم الخندق ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ، فِيمَا وَصَفَ اللَّهُ مِنْ الْخَوْفِ وَالشِّدَّةِ، لِتَظَاهُرِ عَدُوِّهِمْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَإِتْيَانِهِمْ إيَّاهُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُمْ. ( قَالَ ): ثُمَّ إنَّ نُعَيْمَ بْنَ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ أُنَيْفِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ قُنْفُدِ بْنِ هِلَالِ بْنِ خَلَاوَةَ بْنِ أَشْجَعَ بْنِ رَيْثِ بْنِ غَطَفَانَ، أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنِّي قَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ، وَإِنَّ قَوْمِي لَمْ يَعْلَمُوا بِإِسْلَامِي، فَمُرْنِي بِمَا شِئْتُ؛ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إنَّمَا أَنْتُ فِينَا رَجُلٌ وَاحِدٌ، فَخَذِّلْ عَنَّا إنْ اسْتَطَعْتُ، فَإِنَّ الْحَرْبَ خُدْعَةٌ فَخَرَجَ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ حَتَّى أَتَى بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ، وَكَانَ لَهُمْ نَدِيمًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَقَالَ: يَا بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ، قَدْ عَرَفْتُمْ وُدِّي إيَّاكُمْ، وَخَاصَّةً مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ؛ قَالُوا: صَدَقْتُ، لَسْتُ عِنْدَنَا بِمُتَّهَمٍ؛ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: إنَّ قُرَيْشًا وَغَطَفَانَ لَيْسُوا كَأَنْتُمْ، الْبَلَدُ بَلَدُكُمْ، فِيهِ أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ وَنِسَاؤُكُمْ، لَا تَقْدِرُونَ عَلَى أَنْ تَحَوَّلُوا مِنْهُ إلَى غَيْرِهِ، وَإِنَّ قُرَيْشًا وَغَطَفَانَ قَدْ جَاءُوا لِحَرْبِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، وَقَدْ ظَاهَرْتُمُوهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، وَبَلَدُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ وَنِسَاؤُهُمْ بِغَيْرِهِ، فَلَيْسُوا كَأَنْتُمْ، فَإِنْ رَأَوْا نُهْزَةً أَصَابُوهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ لَحِقُوا بِبِلَادِهِمْ وَخَلَّوْا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ بِبَلَدِكُمْ، وَلَا طَاقَةَ لَكُمْ بَهْ إنْ خَلَا بِكُمْ، فَلَا تُقَاتِلُوا مَعَ الْقَوْمِ حَتَّى تَأْخُذُوا مِنْهُمْ رَهْنًا مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ، يَكُونُونَ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ ثِقَةً لَكُمْ عَلَى أَنْ تُقَاتِلُوا مَعَهُمْ مُحَمَّدًا حَتَّى تُنَاجِزُوهُ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ: لَقَدْ أَشَرْتُ بِالرَّأْيِ. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى قُرَيْشًا، فَقَالَ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ رِجَالِ قُرَيْشٍ: قَدْ عَرَفْتُمْ وُدِّي لَكُمْ وَفِرَاقِي مُحَمَّدًا، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَمْرٌ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ عَلَيَّ حَقًّا أَنْ أُبْلِغَكُمُوهُ، نُصْحًا لَكُمْ، فَاكْتُمُوا عَنِّي؛ فَقَالُوا: نَفْعَلُ؛ قَالَ: تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ قَدْ نَدِمُوا عَلَى مَا صَنَعُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَقَدْ أَرْسَلُوا إلَيْهِ: إنَّا قَدْ نَدِمْنَا عَلَى مَا فَعَلْنَا فَهَلْ يُرْضِيكَ أَنْ نَأْخُذَ لَكَ مِنْ الْقَبِيلَتَيْنِ، مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَغَطَفَانَ رِجَالًا مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ فَنُعْطِيكَهُمْ، فَتَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ ثُمَّ نَكُونُ مَعَكَ عَلَى مَنْ بَقِيَ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى نَسْتَأْصِلَهُمْ ؟ فَأَرْسَلَ إلَيْهِمْ: أَنْ نَعَمْ. فَإِنْ بَعَثَتْ إلَيْكُمْ يَهُودُ يَلْتَمِسُونَ مِنْكُمْ رَهْنًا مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ فَلَا تَدْفَعُوا إلَيْهِمْ مِنْكُمْ رَجُلًا وَاحِدًا. ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى غَطَفَانَ، فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ غَطَفَانَ، إنَّكُمْ أَصْلِي وَعَشِيرَتِي، وَأَحَبُّ النَّاسِ إلَيَّ، وَلَا أَرَاكُمْ تَتَّهِمُونِي؛ قَالُوا: صَدَقْتُ، مَا أَنْتَ عِنْدَنَا بِمُتَّهَمٍ؛ قَالَ: فَاكْتُمُوا عَنِّي؛ قَالُوا: نَفْعَلُ، فَمَا أَمْرُكَ ؟، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ لِقُرَيْشِ وَحَذَّرَهُمْ مَا حَذَّرَهُمْ
✧ [Nuʿaym's role in dissuading the polytheists from the Muslims on the day of al-Khandaq] Ibn Isḥāq said: And the Messenger of God ﷺ and his companions remained, in the fear and hardship that God described, because of their enemies banding together against them and coming at them from above them and from below them. (He said:) Then Nuʿaym b. Masʿūd b. ʿĀmir b. Unayf b. Thaʿlaba b. Qunfudh b. Hilāl b. Khalāwa b. Ashjaʿ b. Rayth b. Ghaṭafān came to the Messenger of God ﷺ and said: O Messenger of God, I have become a Muslim, but my people do not know of my Islam; so command me whatever you wish. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: You are but one man among us, so sow dissension among them from us if you can, for war is deceit. So Nuʿaym b. Masʿūd went out until he came to the Banū Qurayẓa, for he had been a boon companion of theirs in the Jāhiliyya, and said: O Banū Qurayẓa, you know my affection for you and especially what is between me and you. They said: You speak truly; you are not suspect among us. He said to them: Quraysh and Ghaṭafān are not like you. The land is your land; in it are your wealth, your children, and your women. You cannot move from it to another, while Quraysh and Ghaṭafān have come to fight Muḥammad and his companions, and you have aided them against him, but their land, their wealth, and their women are elsewhere; they are not like you. If they see an opportunity, they will seize it; but if it is otherwise, they will return to their lands and leave you alone with the man in your land, and you will have no strength against him if he is left alone with you. So do not fight with the people until you take from them hostages from their nobles, who will be in your hands as a surety for you, so that you may fight with them against Muḥammad until you come to grips with him. They said to him: You have advised well. Then he went out until he came to Quraysh and said to Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb and the men of Quraysh who were with him: You know my affection for you and my separation from Muḥammad. A matter has reached me that I saw it as my duty to convey to you, out of sincere counsel for you, so keep it secret from me. They said: We will. He said: Know that the company of the Jews have regretted what they did between themselves and Muḥammad. They have sent to him: We have regretted what we did; would it please you that we take for you from the two tribes, from Quraysh and Ghaṭafān, men of their nobles and give them to you, that you may strike their necks, and then we will be with you against those who remain of them until we exterminate them? And he sent to them: Yes. So if the Jews send to you seeking hostages from your men, do not hand over to them a single man of yours. Then he went out until he came to Ghaṭafān and said: O company of Ghaṭafān, you are my origin and my clan, and the dearest of people to me, and I do not think you suspect me. They said: You speak truly; you are not suspect among us. He said: Then keep it secret from me. They said: We will; what is your affair? Then he said to them the like of what he had said to Quraysh and warned them as he had warned them.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1148No grade recorded
[ دَبِيبُ الْفُرْقَةِ بَيْنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يوم الخندق ] فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ السَّبْتِ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ، وَكَانَ مِنْ صُنْعِ اللَّهِ لِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَرْسَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَرُءُوسُ غَطَفَانَ إلَى بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ، فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَغَطَفَانَ، فَقَالُوا لَهُمْ: إنَّا لَسْنَا بِدَارِ مُقَامٍ، قَدْ هَلَكَ الْخُفُّ وَالْحَافِرُ، فَاغْدُوَا لِلْقِتَالِ حَتَّى نُنَاجِزَ مُحَمَّدًا، وَنَفْرُغَ مِمَّا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ، فَأَرْسَلُوا إلَيْهِمْ: إنَّ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ السَّبْتِ، وَهُوَ ( يَوْمٌ ) لَا نَعْمَلُ فِيهِ شَيْئًا، وَقَدْ كَانَ أَحْدَثَ فِيهِ بَعْضُنَا حَدَثًا، فَأَصَابَهُ مَا لَمْ يَخْفَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَلَسْنَا مَعَ ذَلِكَ بِاَلَّذِينَ نُقَاتِلُ مَعَكُمْ مُحَمَّدًا حَتَّى تُعْطُونَا رَهْنًا مِنْ رِجَالِكُمْ، يَكُونُونَ بِأَيْدِينَا ثِقَةً لَنَا حَتَّى نُنَاجِزَ مُحَمَّدًا، فَإِنَّا نَخْشَى إنَّ ضَرَّسَتْكُمْ الْحَرْبُ، وَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْكُمْ الْقِتَالُ أَنْ تَنْشَمِرُوا إلَى بِلَادِكُمْ وَتَتْرُكُونَا، وَالرَّجُلَ فِي بَلَدِنَا، وَلَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِذَلِكَ مِنْهُ. فَلَمَّا رَجَعَتْ إلَيْهِمْ الرُّسُلُ بِمَا قَالَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ، قَالَتْ قُرَيْشٌ وَغَطَفَانُ: وَاَللَّهِ إنَّ الَّذِي حَدَّثَكُمْ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ لَحَقٌّ، فَأَرْسِلُوا بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ: إنَّا وَاَللَّهِ لَا نَدْفَعُ إلَيْكُمْ رَجُلًا وَاحِدًا مِنْ رِجَالِنَا، فَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ الْقِتَالَ فَاخْرُجُوا فَقَاتِلُوا؛ فَقَالَتْ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ، حِينَ انْتَهَتْ الرُّسُلُ إلَيْهِمْ بِهَذَا: إنَّ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ لَكُمْ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ لَحَقٌّ، مَا يُرِيدُ الْقَوْمُ إلَّا أَنْ يُقَاتِلُوا، فَإِنْ رَأَوْا فُرْصَةً انْتَهَزُوهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ انْشَمَرُوا إلَى بِلَادِهِمْ. وَخَلَّوْا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ فِي بَلَدِكُمْ، فَأَرْسِلُوا إلَى قُرَيْشٍ وَغَطَفَانَ: إنَّا وَاَللَّهِ لَا نُقَاتِلُ مَعَكُمْ مُحَمَّدًا حَتَّى تُعْطُونَا رَهْنًا؛ فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهِمْ، وَخَذَّلَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمْ، وَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ الرِّيحَ فِي لَيَالٍ شَاتِيَةٍ بَارِدَةٍ شَدِيدَةِ الْبَرْدِ، فَجَعَلَتْ تَكْفَأُ قُدُورَهُمْ، وَتَطْرَحُ أَبْنِيَتَهُمْ
✧ [The creeping of division among the polytheists on the day of al-Khandaq] When it was the night of Saturday in Shawwāl of the year five, it was part of God's working for His Messenger ﷺ that Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb and the chiefs of Ghaṭafān sent to the Banū Qurayẓah ʿIkrimah b. Abī Jahl, in a group of Quraysh and Ghaṭafān, and they said to them: 'We are not in a place of staying; the camel and the horse have perished. So come out in the morning to fight, so that we may engage Muḥammad and be done with what is between us and him.' They sent back to them: 'Today is Saturday, and it is a day on which we do no work. One of us had previously committed an offense on it, and what befell him is not hidden from you. And with that, we are not ones to fight Muḥammad alongside you until you give us hostages from your men, who will be in our hands as a surety for us until we engage Muḥammad. For we fear that if the war bites you and fighting presses hard upon you, you will withdraw to your lands and leave us, and the man is in our land, and we have no strength against him there.' When the messengers returned to them with what the Banū Qurayẓah said, Quraysh and Ghaṭafān said: 'By God, what Nuʿaym b. Masʿūd told you is true.' So they sent to the Banū Qurayẓah: 'By God, we will not hand over to you a single one of our men. If you want to fight, then come out and fight.' The Banū Qurayẓah said, when the messengers reached them with this: 'What Nuʿaym b. Masʿūd mentioned to you is true. The people want nothing but to fight. If they see an opportunity, they will seize it; and if it is otherwise, they will withdraw to their lands and leave you between the man in your land.' So they sent to Quraysh and Ghaṭafān: 'By God, we will not fight Muḥammad alongside you until you give us hostages.' They refused them, and God caused division among them, and God sent upon them the wind in cold, wintry, bitterly cold nights, and it began to overturn their pots and throw down their tents.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1149No grade recorded
[ أَرْسَلَ الرَّسُولُ حُذَيْفَةَ لِيَتَعَرَّفَ مَا حَلَّ بِالْمُشْرِكِينَ يوم الخندق ] ( قَالَ ): فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا اخْتَلَفَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ، وَمَا فَرَّقَ اللَّهُ مِنْ جَمَاعَتِهِمْ، دَعَا حُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ الْيَمَانِ، فَبَعَثَهُ إلَيْهِمْ، لِيَنْظُرَ مَا فَعَلَ الْقَوْمُ لَيْلًا. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي يَزِيدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ لِحُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَرَأَيْتُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَصَحِبْتُمُوهُ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ كُنْتُمْ تَصْنَعُونَ ؟ قَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ لَقَدْ كُنَّا نَجْهَدُ؛ قَالَ: فَقَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ لَوْ أَدْرَكْنَاهُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ يَمْشِي عَلَى الْأَرْضِ وَلَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى أَعْنَاقِنَا. قَالَ: فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، وَاَللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْخَنْدَقِ، وَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هُوِيًّا مِنْ اللَّيْلِ، ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إلَيْنَا فَقَالَ: مَنْ رَجُلٌ يَقُومُ فَيَنْظُرُ لَنَا مَا فَعَلَ الْقَوْمُ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ - يَشْرِطُ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الرَّجْعَةَ - أَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَكُونَ رَفِيقِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ ؟ فَمَا قَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْقَوْمِ، مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْخَوْفِ، وَشِدَّةِ الْجُوعِ، وَشِدَّةِ الْبَرْدِ؛ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَقُمْ أَحَدٌ، دَعَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِي بُدٌّ مِنْ الْقِيَامِ حِينَ دَعَانِي؛ فَقَالَ: يَا حُذَيْفَةُ، اذْهَبْ فَادْخُلْ فِي الْقَوْمِ، فَانْظُرْ مَاذَا يَصْنَعُونَ، وَلَا تُحْدِثَنَّ شَيْئًا حَتَّى تَأْتِيَنَا. قَالَ: فَذَهَبْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ فِي الْقَوْمِ وَالرِّيحُ وَجُنُودُ اللَّهِ تَفْعَلُ بِهِمْ مَا تَفْعَلُ، لَا تُقِرُّ لَهُمْ قِدْرًا وَلَا نَارًا وَلَا بِنَاءً. فَقَامَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ، فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ: لِيَنْظُرْ امْرُؤٌ مَنْ جَلِيسُهُ ؟ قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ: فَأَخَذْتُ بِيَدِ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي كَانَ إلَى جَنْبِي، فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ: فُلَانُ بْنُ فُلَانٍ
✧ [The Messenger sent Hudhayfah to ascertain what had befallen the polytheists on the day of al-Khandaq] (He said): When the Messenger of God ﷺ learned of their dissension and how God had broken their unity, he summoned Hudhayfah b. al-Yaman and dispatched him to them to see what the people had done that night. Ibn Ishaq said: Yazid b. Ziyad related to me, from Muhammad b. Ka'b al-Qurazi, who said: A man from the people of Kufah said to Hudhayfah b. al-Yaman: "O Abu 'Abd Allah, did you see the Messenger of God ﷺ and accompany him?" He said: "Yes, O son of my brother." He said: "How did you act?" He said: "By God, we strove hard." He said: "By God, had we met him, we would not have let him walk on the ground; we would have carried him on our necks." Hudhayfah said: "O son of my brother, by God, I saw us with the Messenger of God ﷺ at al-Khandaq. The Messenger of God ﷺ prayed for a portion of the night, then turned to us and said: 'Who is the man who will rise and observe for us what the people have done, then return—the Messenger of God ﷺ stipulating for him the return—I ask God, may He be exalted, that he be my companion in Paradise?' But not one of the people rose, because of the intensity of fear, intense hunger, and intense cold. When no one rose, the Messenger of God ﷺ called me, and I had no choice but to rise when he called me. He said: 'O Hudhayfah, go and enter among the people and see what they are doing, but do not do anything until you come back to us.' He said: So I went and entered among the people, while the wind and the soldiers of God were doing to them what they were doing, not leaving them any pot, fire, or building. Abu Sufyan rose and said: 'O assembly of Quraysh, let each man look who his companion is.' Hudhayfah said: I took the hand of the man next to me and said: 'Who are you?' He said: 'So-and-so b. so-and-so.'
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1150No grade recorded
[ مُنَادَاةُ أَبَى سُفْيَانَ فِيهِمْ بِالرَّحِيلِ يوم الخندق ] ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، إنَّكُمْ وَاَللَّهِ مَا أَصْبَحْتُمْ بِدَارِ مُقَامٍ، لَقَدْ هَلَكَ الْكُرَاعُ وَالْخُفُّ، وَأَخْلَفَتْنَا بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ، وَبَلَغَنَا عَنْهُمْ الَّذِي نَكْرَهُ، وَلَقِينَا مِنْ شِدَّةِ الرِّيحِ مَا تَرَوْنَ، مَا تَطْمَئِنُّ لَنَا قِدْرٌ، وَلَا تَقُومُ لَنَا نَارٌ، وَلَا يَسْتَمْسِكُ لَنَا بِنَاءٌ، فَارْتَحِلُوا فَإِنِّي مُرْتَحِلٌ؛ ثُمَّ قَامَ إلَى جَمَلِهِ وَهُوَ مَعْقُولٌ، فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ ضَرَبَهُ، فَوَثَبَ بِهِ عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ، فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا أَطْلَقَ عِقَالَهُ إلَّا وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ، وَلَوْلَا عَهْدُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَيَّ أَنْ لَا تُحْدِثَ شَيْئًا حَتَّى تَأْتِيَنِي، ثُمَّ شِئْتُ، لَقَتَلْتُهُ بِسَهْمِ
✧ [Abū Sufyān calling out among them to depart on the day of al-Khandaq] Then Abū Sufyān said: “O company of Quraysh, by God, you have not awakened in an abode of staying. The horses and camels have perished, the Banū Qurayẓah have broken with us, and there has reached us from them that which we dislike. We have met from the violence of the wind what you see: no cooking pot settles for us, no fire stays lit for us, and no structure holds firm for us. So depart, for I am departing.” Then he rose to his camel, which was hobbled, and sat upon it, then struck it, and it sprang up with him on three legs. By God, he did not loosen its hobble until it was standing. Had it not been for the pact of the Messenger of God ﷺ to me that I should not do anything until you come to me, then had I wished, I would have killed him with an arrow.
Sirat Ibn Hisham 1151No grade recorded
[ رُجُوعُ حُذَيْفَةَ إلَى الرَّسُولِ بِتَخَاذُلِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَانْصِرَافِهِمْ يوم الخندق ]: قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ: فَرَجَعْتُ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فِي مِرْطٍ لِبَعْضِ نِسَائِهِ، مَرَاجِلُ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْمَرَاجِلُ: ضَرْبٌ مِنْ وَشَى الْيَمَنِ. فَلَمَّا رَآنِي أَدْخَلَنِي إلَى رِجْلَيْهِ، وَطَرَحَ عَلَيَّ طَرَفَ الْمِرْطِ، ثُمَّ رَكَعَ وَسَجَدَ، وَإِنِّي لِفِيهِ، فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ أَخْبَرْتُهُ الْخَبَرَ، وَسَمِعَتْ غَطَفَانُ بِمَا فَعَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ، فَانْشَمَرُوا رَاجِعِينَ إلَى بِلَادِهِمْ. [ انْصِرَافُ الرَّسُولِ عَنْ الْخَنْدَقِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ انْصَرَفَ عَنْ الْخَنْدَقِ رَاجِعًا إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ، وَوَضَعُوا السِّلَاحَ
✧ [Hudhayfah’s return to the Messenger with the news of the polytheists’ failure and their departure on the day of al-Khandaq]: Hudhayfah said: I returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was standing praying in a mirṭ belonging to one of his wives, a marājil. Ibn Hishām said: al-marājil is a kind of Yemeni embroidered cloth. When he saw me, he brought me close to his feet and threw over me the end of the mirṭ, then he bowed and prostrated while I was within it. When he had pronounced the salutation, I told him the news. And Ghaṭafān heard of what Quraysh had done, so they hastily departed, returning to their lands. [The Messenger’s departure from al-Khandaq]: Ibn Isḥāq said: When morning came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ departed from al-Khandaq, returning to Madinah with the Muslims, and they laid down their weapons.