Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 1997

✧ The Husband's Right Over the Woman

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وَقَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ وَكِيعٍ، ثَنَا أَبِي، ثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَبِي سَلَّامٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ السَّكْسَكِيِّ هُوَ ابْنُ يُخَامِرَ قَالَ: إِنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ ؓ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ:

« لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تَأْخُذُ مِنْ بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا، وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَهَا أَنْ تَأْخُذَهُ وَهُوَ كَارِهٌ، وَلَا تَخْرُجَ وَهُوَ كَارِهٌ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ، وَلَا تُطْمِعَ فِيهِ أَحَدًا مَا اصْطَحَبَا، وَلَا تُخَشِّنَ بِصَدْرِهِ، وَلَا تَعْتَزِلَ فِرَاشَهُ. وَلَا تُضَارَّ بِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ هُوَ أَظْلَمَ مِنْهَا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُ حَتَّى تُرْضِيَهُ ; فَإِنْ هُوَ قَبِلَ مِنْهَا فَبِهَا وَنِعْمَتْ، قَبِلَ اللهُ عُذْرَهَا، وَأَفْلَحَ حُجَّتَهَا، وَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهَا. وَإِنْ أَبَى الزَّوْجُ أَنْ يَرْضَى فَقَدْ أَبْلَغَتْ إِلَيْهِ عُذْرَهَا. وَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا، فَرَضِيَتْ بِالصِّرَامِ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ لَهَا ثَلَاثُ لَيَالٍ. وَإِنْ أَذِنَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ، أَوْ أَتَتْ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ فِي زِيَارَةِ وَالِدٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ مَا شَهِدَ عِنْدَهَا، فَأَحْنَثَتْ لَهُ قَسَمًا، وَأَطَاعَتْ فِيهِ وَالِدًا أَوْ وَلَدًا، أَوِ اعْتَزَلَتْ لَهُ مَضْجَعًا، أَوْ خَشَّنَتْ لَهُ صَدْرًا - فَإِنَّهُنَّ لَا يَزَالُ يُكْتَبُ عَلَيْهِنَّ ثَلَاثٌ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ مَا فَعَلْنَ ذَلِكَ: أَكْبَرُ الْكَبَائِرِ: الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللهِ، وَقَتْلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ مُتَعَمِّدًا، وَالثَّالِثُ: أَكْلُ الرِّبَا. وَكَفَى بِالْمَرْأَةِ إِثْمًا أَنْ تَأْتِيَ كُلَّمَا غَضِبَ عَلَيْهَا زَوْجُهَا ثَلَاثًا مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ، اسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهَا الشَّيْطَانُ، فَأَصْبَحَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ ». قَالَ: وَحَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذٌ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: « لَا تَزَالُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَلْعَنُهَا، وَيَلْعَنُهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى، وَخُزَّانُ دَارِ الرَّحْمَةِ وَدَارِ الْعَذَابِ مِمَّا انْتَهَكَتْ مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Abū Yaʿlá
  2. Sufyān b. Wakīʿ
  3. my father
  4. ʿAlī b. al-Mubārak
  5. Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr
  6. Zayd b. Sallām
  7. Jaddih Abū Sallām
  8. Mālik al-Saksakī
  9. Ibn Yukhāmir
  10. In Muʿādh b. Jabal
  11. Rasūl Allāh ﷺ

✧ "It is not lawful for a woman to take from her husband's house except with her husband's permission. It is not lawful for her to take it while he is unwilling, nor to go out while he is unwilling without his permission, nor to make anyone covet him as long as they are together, nor to be harsh toward him, nor to keep away from his bed. She should not harm him, even if he is more unjust than her, until she comes to him and pleases him. If he accepts from her, then it is good and excellent; God accepts her excuse, and her argument prevails, and there is no sin upon her. If the husband refuses to be pleased, she has presented her excuse to him. If she does none of that, and she is content with separation until three nights pass for her. If she permits without his permission, or comes without his permission to visit a parent or someone else, and she breaks an oath for him, and obeys a parent or child in that, or keeps away from his bed, or is harsh toward him—then three major sins are written against them as long as they do that: the greatest of major sins: associating partners with God, killing a believer deliberately, and the third: consuming usury. It is a sufficient sin for a woman that every time her husband is angry with her, three major sins come, the devil takes control of her, and she becomes one of the people of the Fire." He said: "And Muʿādh ؓ narrated to us that the Messenger of God ﷺ said: 'The angels continue to curse her, and God Almighty curses her, and the keepers of the abode of mercy and the abode of punishment curse her because of what she has violated of disobedience to God, Mighty and Majestic.'"

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