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العربية

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1548

What Has Been Related About Calling (To Islam) Before Fighting

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حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ

أَنَّ جَيْشًا مِنْ جُيُوشِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانَ أَمِيرَهُمْ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ حَاصَرُوا قَصْرًا مِنْ قُصُورِ فَارِسَ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَلاَ نَنْهَدُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ دَعُونِي أَدْعُهُمْ كَمَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدْعُوهُمْ فَأَتَاهُمْ سَلْمَانُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّمَا أَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْكُمْ فَارِسِيٌّ تَرَوْنَ الْعَرَبَ يُطِيعُونَنِي فَإِنْ أَسْلَمْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ مِثْلُ الَّذِي لَنَا وَعَلَيْكُمْ مِثْلُ الَّذِي عَلَيْنَا وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ إِلاَّ دِينَكُمْ تَرَكْنَاكُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَأَعْطُونَا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَأَنْتُمْ صَاغِرُونَ قَالَ وَرَطَنَ إِلَيْهِمْ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ وَأَنْتُمْ غَيْرُ مَحْمُودِينَ وَإِنْ أَبَيْتُمْ نَابَذْنَاكُمْ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ قَالُوا مَا نَحْنُ بِالَّذِي نُعْطِي الْجِزْيَةَ وَلَكِنَّا نُقَاتِلُكُمْ فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَلاَ نَنْهَدُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ لاَ فَدَعَاهُمْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ إِلَى مِثْلِ هَذَا ثُمَّ قَالَ انْهَدُوا إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ فَنَهَدْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فَفَتَحْنَا ذَلِكَ الْقَصْرَ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Qutaybah
  2. Abū ʿAwānah
  3. ʿAṭāʾ b. al-Sāʾib
  4. Abū al-Bakhtarī

"An Army from the armies of the Muslims, whose commander was Salman Al-Farisi, besieged one of the Persian castles. They said: 'O Abu 'Abdullah! Should we charge them?' He said: 'Leave me to call them (to Islam) as I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ call them.' So Salman went to them and said: 'I am only a man from among you, a Persian, and you see that the Arabs obey me. If you become Muslims then you will have the likes of what we have, and from you will be required that which is required from us. If you refuse, and keep your religion, then we will leave you to it, and you will give us the Jizyah from your hands while you are submissive.' He said to them in Persian: 'And you are other than praiseworthy and if you refuse then we will equally resist you.' They said: 'We will not give you the Jizyah, we will fight you instead.' So they said: 'O Abu 'Abdullah! Should we charge them?' He said: 'No.'" He said: "So for three days he called them to the same (things), and then he said: 'Charge them.'" He said: "So we charged them, and we conquered the castle."

Notes

  • قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ وَالنُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَحَدِيثُ سَلْمَانَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ لاَ نَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ وَسَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يَقُولُ أَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ سَلْمَانَ لأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عَلِيًّا وَسَلْمَانُ مَاتَ قَبْلَ عَلِيٍّ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَى هَذَا وَرَأَوْا أَنْ يُدْعَوْا قَبْلَ الْقِتَالِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ إِنْ تُقُدِّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي الدَّعْوَةِ فَحَسَنٌ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ أَهْيَبَ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ لاَ دِعْوَةَ الْيَوْمَ وَقَالَ أَحْمَدُ لاَ أَعْرِفُ الْيَوْمَ أَحَدًا يُدْعَى وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ لاَ يُقَاتَلُ الْعَدُوُّ حَتَّى يُدْعَوْا إِلاَّ أَنْ يَعْجَلُوا عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ فَقَدْ بَلَغَتْهُمُ الدَّعْوَةُ

    machine translationHe said: On this topic there are also narrations from Buraydah, al-Nuʿmān b. Muqarrin, Ibn ʿUmar and Ibn ʿAbbās. The hadith of Salmān is a good (ḥasan) hadith; we do not know it except through the hadith of ʿAṭāʾ b. al-Sāʾib. I heard Muḥammad say: Abū al-Bakhtarī did not meet Salmān, because he did not meet ʿAlī, and Salmān died before ʿAlī. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ held this view, and they considered that the enemy should be invited (to Islam) before fighting. This is the saying of Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm. He said: If the invitation is presented to them beforehand, it is good, as that is more awe-inspiring. Some of the people of knowledge said: There is no invitation today. Aḥmad said: I do not know anyone today who is invited. Al-Shāfiʿī said: The enemy is not fought until they are invited, unless they hasten to attack before that; if he did not do so, the invitation has already reached them.

Grades by grader

Zubair Ali ZaiWeakfawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com
Ahmad Muhammad ShakirDaiffawazahmed0
al-AlbaniDaiffawazahmed0

What scholars said about it

In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.

  • al-Tirmidhi

    وحديث سلمان حديث حسن

    machine translationThe hadith of Salmān is a good (ḥasan) hadith.

    in جامع الترمذي, p. 1647
  • al-Bukhari

    أبو البختري لم يدرك سلمان لأنه لم يدرك عليا وسلمان مات قبل علي

    machine translationAbū al-Bakhtarī did not meet Salmān, because he did not meet ʿAlī, and Salmān died before ʿAlī.

    in جامع الترمذي, p. 1647
  • al-Tirmidhi

    أبو البختري لم يدرك سلمان لأنه لم يدرك عليا وسلمان مات قبل علي

    machine translationAbū al-Bakhtarī did not meet Salmān, because he did not meet ʿAlī, and Salmān died before ʿAlī.

    in جامع الترمذي, p. 1647
  • al-Tirmidhi

    حسن وسمعت البخاري يقول أبو البختري لم يدرك سلمان

    machine translationGood (ḥasan). And I heard al-Bukhārī say: Abū al-Bakhtarī did not meet Salmān.

    in سنن الترمذي, p. 1548

Other narrations of this report

Musnad Ahmad 23734Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 33300Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah 33725Musnad al-Bazzar 2549

Narrators

  1. Salmān al-Fārisī
    Companion (ṣaḥābī)d. 34 AH or before it, or 35 AH or 36 AH or 37 AH
    سَلْمَان الْفَارِسِيّصحابي
    في حكم العنعنة
  2. Abū al-Bakhtarī
    trustworthy (thiqah), firm (thabt), there is a little Shīʿism in him, frequently narrates mursald. 81 AH or 82 AH or 83 AH
    أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّثقة ثبت، فيه تشيع قليل، كثير الإرسال
    عن
  3. ʿAṭāʾ b. al-Sāʾib
    Truthful (ṣadūq), became confused (ikhtalaṭa)d. 133 AH, or 134 AH, or 136 AH, or 137 AH
    عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِصدوق اختلط
    عن
  4. Abū ʿAwānah
    trustworthy and meticulous (thiqah thabt), from the seventh generation (ṭabaqah)d. 175, or 176 AH
    أَبُو عَوَانَةَثقة ثبت ، من السابعة
    حدثنا
  5. Qutaybah b. Saʿīd
    trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 240 AH, or: 241 AH
    قُتَيْبَةُثقة ثبت
    حدثنا
  6. al-Tirmidhī
    trustworthy, a memorizer (thiqah ḥāfiẓ)d. 279 AH, in Ikmāl al-Tahdhīb: 275 AH
    التِّرْمِذِيُّثقة حافظ

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

Commentaries

Tuḥfat al-Aḥwadhī (Mubārakpūrī)

Read them on Hadith Unlocked

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