Ash-Shama'il al-Muhammadiyah 373
Lifestyle
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حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ
خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي سَاعَةٍ لا يَخْرُجُ فِيهَا وَلا يَلْقَاهُ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ مَا جَاءَ بِكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ؟ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ أَلْقَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنْظُرُ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَالتَّسْلِيمَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ أَنْ جَاءَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ مَا جَاءَ بِكَ يَا عُمَرُ؟ قَالَ الْجُوعُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ ﷺ وَأَنَا قَدْ وَجَدْتُ بَعْضَ ذَلِكَ فَانْطَلَقُوا إِلَى مَنْزِلِ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ التَّيْهَانِ الأَنْصَارِيِّ وَكَانَ رَجُلا كَثِيرَ النَّخْلِ وَالشَّاءِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ خَدَمٌ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ فَقَالُوا لامْرَأَتِهِ أَيْنَ صَاحِبُكِ؟ فَقَالَتِ انْطَلَقَ يَسْتَعْذِبُ لَنَا الْمَاءَ فَلَمْ يَلْبَثُوا أَنْ جَاءَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ بِقِرْبَةٍ يَزْعَبُهَا فَوَضَعَهَا ثُمَّ جَاءَ يَلْتَزِمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَيُفَدِّيهِ بِأَبِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ بِهِمْ إِلَى حَدِيقَتِهِ فَبَسَطَ لَهُمْ بِسَاطًا ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى نَخْلَةٍ فَجَاءَ بِقِنْوٍ فَوَضَعَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَفَلا تَنَقَّيْتَ لَنَا مِنْ رُطَبِهِ؟ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَرَدْتُ أَنْ تَخْتَارُوا أَوْ تَخَيَّرُوا مِنْ رُطَبِهِ وَبُسْرِهِ فَأَكَلُوا وَشَرِبُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ فَقَالَ ﷺ هَذَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مِنِ النَّعِيمِ الَّذِي تُسْأَلُونَ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ظِلٌّ بَارِدٌ وَرُطَبٌ طَيِّبٌ وَمَاءٌ بَارِدٌ فَانْطَلَقَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ لِيَصْنَعَ لَهُمْ طَعَامًا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لا تَذْبَحَنَّ ذَاتَ دَرٍّ فَذَبَحَ لَهُمْ عَنَاقًا أَوْ جَدْيًا فَأَتَاهُمْ بِهَا فَأَكَلُوا فَقَالَ ﷺ هَلْ لَكَ خَادِمٌ؟ قَالَ لا قَالَ فَإِذَا أَتَانَا سَبْيٌ فَأْتِنَا فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِرَأْسَيْنِ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمَا ثَالِثٌ فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اخْتَرْ مِنْهُمَا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اخْتَرْ لِي فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ الْمُسْتَشَارَ مُؤْتَمَنٌ خُذْ هَذَا فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّي وَاسْتَوْصِ بِهِ مَعْرُوفًا فَانْطَلَقَ أَبُو الْهَيْثَمِ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَأَخْبَرَهَا بِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ مَا أَنْتَ بِبَالِغٍ حَقَّ مَا قَالَ فِيهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلا بِأَنْ تَعْتِقَهُ قَالَ فَهُوَ عَتِيقٌ فَقَالَ ﷺ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَبْعَثْ نَبِيًّا وَلا خَلِيفَةً إِلا وَلَهُ بِطَانَتَانِ بِطَانَةٌ تَأْمُرُهُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنْهَاهُ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَبِطَانَةٌ لا تَأْلُوهُ خَبَالا وَمَنْ يُوقَ بِطَانَةَ السُّوءِ فَقَدْ وُقِيَ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Muḥammad b. Ismāʿīl
- Ādam b. Abū Iyās
- Shaybān Abū Muʿāwiyah
- ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr
- Abū Salamah b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman
- Abū Hurayrah
"Allah’s Messenger ﷺ went out during an hour in which he did not usually go out, and in which no one used to meet him, but Abu Bakr came to him, so he said: “What has brought you forth, O Abu Bakr?” He replied: “I came out to meet Allah’s Messenger ﷺ, behold his face, and greet him with the salutation of peace.” Shortly thereafter "Umar came along, so he said: “What has brought you forth, O 'Umar?” He replied: “Hunger, O Messenger of Allah!” He said ﷺ: “I have also experienced some of that!” Then they went to the house of Ibn at-Tihan al-Ansari, who was owned many date palms and sheep, but who had no servants, so they did not find him. They therefore asked his wife: “Where is your mate?” She said: “He has gone to draw sweet water for us.” They did not have to wait long before Abu’l-Haitham brought a waterskin that he was carrying full, so he set it down, and came to embrace the Prophet ﷺ, offering his father and his mother as ransom for him. Then he took them to his garden, and spread a carpet for them. Then he went to a date palm, brought a bunch of dates and set it down. The Prophet said ﷺ: “Have you not selected for us some of its ripe dates?” He replied: “O Messenger of Allah, I intended to let you choose or prefer some of its ripe and its unripe dates,” so they ate dates and drank from that water. Then the Prophet said ﷺ: “By the One in whose Hand is my soul, this is some of the gracious favor about which you shall be asked on the Day of Resurrection: cool shade, good dates and cold water!” Then Abu’l-Haitham went to make a meal for them, so the Prophet said ﷺ: “Do not slaughter a milch-animal for us.” He therefore slaughtered a young she-goat or a young billy goat, and brought it to them, so they ate. The Prophet said ﷺ: “Do you have a servant?” When the answer was “No,” he said: “If a prisoner of war comes to us, come to us!” Then he ﷺ was brought two captives, unaccompanied by a third. Abu’l-Haitham then came to him, and the Prophet said ﷺ: “Choose from the pair of them,” so he said: “O Messenger of Allah, choose for me!” The Prophet said ﷺ: “The person whose opinion is requested deserves to be trusted. Take this one, for I have seen him performing the ritual prayer, and expect well of him!” Abu l-Haitham then went to his wife and told her what Allah’s Messenger had said, so his wife said: “You cannot arrive at the truth of what the Prophet ﷺ said about him, except by setting him free!” He said: “He is free, then!” The Prophet said ﷺ: “Allah has not sent any Prophet, nor any Caliph, without his having two intimate friends: one who commands him to do what is right and fair, and forbids him to do what is wrong and unfair, and one who will spare no effort to corrupt him. If one is wary of the evil companion, he will be preserved from harm.”
Grades by grader
| Zubair Ali Zai | Da'if Isnād | sunnah.com |
|---|
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Dāraquṭnī
يرويه عبد الملك بن عمير واختلف عنه فرواه شيبان بن عبد الرحمن وأبو حمزة السكري وعبيد الله بن عمرو عن عبد الملك بن عمير عن أبي سلمة عن أبي هريرة وكذلك روي عن هدبة بن المنهال عن عبد الملك بن عمير مختصرا واختلف عن أبي عوانة فرواه أحمد بن إسحاق الحضرمي عن أبي عوانة عن عبد الملك بن عمير عن أبي سلمة عن عبد الله بن الزبير وخالفه إبراهيم بن الحجاج فرواه عن أبي عوانة عن عبد الملك بن عمير عن أبي سلمة مرسلا واختلف عن شريك فرواه جبارة عن شريك عن عبد الملك بن عمير عن أبي سلمة عن أبي هريرة وخالفه منجاب فرواه عن شريك عن عبد الملك عن أبي سلمة مرسلا وقال محمد بن الطفيل عن شريك عن عبد الملك بن عمير عن أبي سلمة عن أم سلمة حدثنا ابن مخلد ثنا حمدان بن عمر ثنا يحيى بن أبي بكير ثنا شيبان عن يحيى عن أبي سلمة عن أبي هريرة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم المستشار مؤتمن ووهم فيه حمدان وإنما هذا في حديث شيبان عن عبد الملك وقوله عن يحيى بن أبي كثير وهم وقال عبد الحكيم بن منصور عن عبد الملك بن عمير عن أبي سلمة عن أبي الهيثم بن التيهان ويشبه أن يكون الاضطراب من عبد الملك والأشبه بالصواب قول شيبان وأبي حمزة
machine translationʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr narrates it, and there is disagreement about him. Shaybān b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Abū Ḥamzah al-Sukkarī and ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAmr narrated it from ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr, from Abū Salamah, from Abū Hurayrah. It was likewise narrated, in abridged form, from Hudbah b. al-Minhāl from ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr. There is disagreement about Abū ʿAwānah: Aḥmad b. Isḥāq al-Ḥaḍramī narrated it from Abū ʿAwānah, from ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr, from Abū Salamah, from ʿAbdullāh b. al-Zubayr. Ibrāhīm b. al-Ḥajjāj contradicted him and narrated it from Abū ʿAwānah, from ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr, from Abū Salamah, as a mursal. There is also disagreement about Sharīk: Jubārah narrated it from Sharīk, from ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr, from Abū Salamah, from Abū Hurayrah. Minjāb contradicted him and narrated it from Sharīk, from ʿAbd al-Malik, from Abū Salamah, as a mursal. Muḥammad b. al-Ṭufayl said, from Sharīk, from ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr, from Abū Salamah, from Umm Salamah. Ibn Makhlad narrated to us, Ḥamdān b. ʿUmar narrated to us, Yaḥyā b. Abī Bukayr narrated to us, Shaybān narrated to us, from Yaḥyā, from Abū Salamah, from Abū Hurayrah, from the Prophet ﷺ: "The one consulted is trusted." Ḥamdān made an error in it; this belongs only to the hadith of Shaybān from ʿAbd al-Malik, and his saying "from Yaḥyā b. Abī Kathīr" is an error. ʿAbd al-Ḥakīm b. Manṣūr said, from ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr, from Abū Salamah, from Abū al-Haytham b. al-Tayyihān. It seems that the inconsistency (iḍṭirāb) comes from ʿAbd al-Malik, and the closest to correct is the report of Shaybān and Abū Ḥamzah.
in الشمائل المحمدية, p. 372
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- The illustrious Companion, the memorizer among the Companions (ḥāfiẓ al-ṣaḥābah)d. 57 AH, or: 58 AH, or: 59 AHأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ الدَّوْسِيُّالصحابي الجليل ، حافظ الصحابةعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), a prolific narrator (mukthir)d. 94 AH, or 104 AHأَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِثقة ، مكثرعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), eloquent, a scholar; his memory changed and he sometimes practiced concealment (tadlīs)d. 133 AH or 136 AHعَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍثقة , فصيح عالم ، تغير حفظه وربما دلسحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), he has a bookd. 164 AHشَيْبَانُ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَثقة , صاحب كتابحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), devout (ʿābid)d. 220 AH, also said: 221 AHآدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍثقة عابدحدثنا
- a mountain of memorization and the leader of the world in the comprehension of hadith (jabal al-ḥifẓ wa-imām al-dunyā fī fiqh al-ḥadīth)d. 256 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَجبل الحفظ وإمام الدنيا في فقه الحديثحدثنا
- trustworthy, a memorizer (thiqah ḥāfiẓ)d. 279 AH, in Ikmāl al-Tahdhīb: 275 AHالتِّرْمِذِيُّثقة حافظ
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
Jamʿ al-Wasāʾil fī Sharḥ al-Shamāʾil
Khaṣāʾil Nabawī (Zakariyyah)
Read them on Hadith Unlocked