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Sunan an-Nasa'i 4067

The Ruling on Apostates

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أَخْبَرَنَا الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ دِينَارٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَسْبَاطُ قَالَ زَعَمَ السُّدِّيُّ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَمَّنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلاَّ أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ اقْتُلُوهُمْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ مُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ وَمِقْيَسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّرْحِ فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ فَأُدْرِكَ وَهُوَ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَاسْتَبَقَ إِلَيْهِ سَعِيدُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ وَعَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَسَبَقَ سَعِيدٌ عَمَّارًا وَكَانَ أَشَبَّ الرَّجُلَيْنِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَمَّا مِقْيَسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَأَمَّا عِكْرِمَةُ فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَصَابَتْهُمْ عَاصِفٌ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ السَّفِينَةِ أَخْلِصُوا فَإِنَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ لاَ تُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ شَيْئًا هَا هُنَا فَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ يُنَجِّنِي مِنَ الْبَحْرِ إِلاَّ الإِخْلاَصُ لاَ يُنَجِّينِي فِي الْبَرِّ غَيْرُهُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ لَكَ عَلَىَّ عَهْدًا إِنْ أَنْتَ عَافَيْتَنِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ أَنْ آتِيَ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ حَتَّى أَضَعَ يَدِي فِي يَدِهِ فَلأَجِدَنَّهُ عَفُوًّا كَرِيمًا فَجَاءَ فَأَسْلَمَ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّرْحِ فَإِنَّهُ اخْتَبَأَ عِنْدَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ فَلَمَّا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ جَاءَ بِهِ حَتَّى أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَايِعْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثَلاَثًا كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَأْبَى فَبَايَعَهُ بَعْدَ ثَلاَثٍ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ رَشِيدٌ يَقُومُ إِلَى هَذَا حَيْثُ رَآنِي كَفَفْتُ يَدِي عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَيَقْتُلَهُ فَقَالُوا وَمَا يُدْرِينَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ هَلاَّ أَوْمَأْتَ إِلَيْنَا بِعَيْنِكَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ خَائِنَةُ أَعْيُنٍ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. al-Qāsim b. Zakariyyā b. Dīnār
  2. Aḥmad b. Mufaḍḍal
  3. Asbāṭ
  4. Zaʿam al-Suddī
  5. Muṣʿab b. Saʿd
  6. his father

"On the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah [SAW] granted amnesty to the people, except four men and two women. He said: 'Kill them, even if you find them clinging to the covers of Ka'bah.' (They were) 'Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl, 'Abdullah bin Khatal, Miqyas bin Subabah and 'Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi As-Sarh. 'Abdullah bin Khatl was caught while he was clinging to the covers of Ka'bah. Sa'eed bin Huraith and 'Ammar bin Yasir both rushed toward him, but Sa'eed, who was the younger of the two, got there before 'Ammar, and he killed him. Miqyas bin Subabah was caught by the people in the marketplace, and they killed him. 'Ikrimah traveled by sea, and he was caught in a storm. The crew of the ship said: 'Turn sincerely toward Allah, for your (false) gods cannot help you at all in this situation.' 'Ikrimah said: 'By Allah, if nothing came to save me at sea except sincerity toward Allah then nothing else will save me on land. O Allah, I promise You that if You save me from this predicament I will go to Muhammad [SAW] and put my hand in his, and I am sure that I will find him generous and forgiving.' So he came, and accepted Islam. 'Abdullah (bin Sa'd) bin Abi Sarh hid in the house of 'Uthman bin 'Affan, and when the Messenger of Allah [SAW] called the people to give their Oath of Allegiance, he brought him, and made him stand before the Prophet [SAW]. He ('Uthman) said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Accept the allegiance of 'Abdullah.' He raised his head and looked at him three times, refusing his allegiance each time, then he accepted his allegiance after three times. Then he turned to his Companions and said: 'Was there not any sensible man among you who would get up when he saw me refusing to give him my hand and kill him?' They said: 'We did not know, O Messenger of Allah, what was in your heart. Why did you not gesture to us with your eyes?' He said: 'It is not befitting for a Prophet that his eyes be deceitful.'"

Grades by grader

Zubair Ali ZaiGoodfawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com
Abu GhuddahSahihfawazahmed0
al-AlbaniSoundin صحيح سنن النسائي, p. 4078fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked

What scholars said about it

In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.

  • Dāraquṭnī

    سئل عنه الدارقطني فقال يرويه أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن السدي عن مصعب بن سعد عن سعد ورواه محمد بن عثمان بن أبي شيبة عن أبيه عن أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن سماك ووهم في قوله عن سماك وإنما هو عن السدي

    machine translational-Dāraquṭnī was asked about it and said: Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal narrates it from Asbāṭ, from al-Suddī, from Muṣʿab b. Saʿd, from Saʿd. And Muḥammad b. ʿUthmān b. Abī Shaybah narrated it from his father, from Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal, from Asbāṭ, from Simāk, and he erred (wahima) in saying "from Simāk"; it is only from al-Suddī.

    in سنن النسائي, p. 4078
  • ابن الملقن

    هذا الحديث صحيح

    machine translationThis hadith is authentic (ṣaḥīḥ).

    in سنن النسائي, p. 4078
  • Dāraquṭnī

    يرويه أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن السدي عن مصعب بن سعد عن سعد ورواه محمد بن عثمان بن أبي شيبة عن أبيه عن أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن سماك ووهم في قوله عن سماك وإنما هو عن السدي

    machine translationAḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal narrates it from Asbāṭ, from al-Suddī, from Muṣʿab b. Saʿd, from Saʿd. And Muḥammad b. ʿUthmān b. Abī Shaybah narrated it from his father, from Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal, from Asbāṭ, from Simāk, and he erred (wahima) in saying "from Simāk"; it is only from al-Suddī.

    in سنن النسائي, p. 4078

Other narrations of this report

Sunan Abi Dawud 2684al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 5537al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 16963al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18347al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18850Sunan al-Daraqutni 3022

Narrators

  1. Saʿd b. Abū Waqqāṣ
    One of the Ten (promised Paradise), and the first to shoot an arrow in the path of Godd. 50 AH or 51 AH or 54 AH, also said: 56 AH, also said: 57 AH, also said: 58 AH. And the second is better known
    سَعْد بْن أَبِي وَقَّاصأحد العشرة ، وأول من رمى بسهم في سبيل الله
    عن
  2. Muṣʿab b. Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ
    trustworthy (thiqah)d. 103 AH
    مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍثقة
    عن
  3. al-Suddī al-Kabīr
    truthful (ṣadūq), makes errors (yahim), accused of Shiism (tashayyuʿ)d. 127 AH, or 129 AH
    السُّدِّيُّصدوق ، يهم ، ورمي بالتشيع
    زعم
  4. Asbāṭ b. Naṣr
    truthful (ṣadūq), makes many mistakes, narrates odd reports (yughrib)d. between 161 and 170 AH
    أَسْبَاطٌصدوق كثير الخطأ يغرب
    حدثنا
  5. Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal
    truthful (ṣadūq), Shiite (shīʿī), there is some weakness in his memoryd. 215 AH, also said: 214 AH
    أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍصدوق ، شيعي ، في حفظه شيء
    حدثني
  6. Al-Qāsim b. Zakariyyā b. Dīnār
    trustworthy (thiqah)d. around 250 AH
    الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ دِينَارٍثقة
    أخبرنا
  7. al-Nasāʾī
    the preserver (al-Ḥāfiẓ)d. 302 AH, or 303 AH
    النَّسَائِيُّالحافظ

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

Commentaries

شرح مشكل الآثار
الاعتبار في الناسخ والمنسوخ
Hāshiyat al-Sindī on Nasāʾī

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