Tarikh (al-Tabari) 980
The Great Expedition of Badr
الْتِحَامِ الْقِتَالِ وَمَقْتَلِ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ الْحُمَامِ ؓ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَغَيْرُهُ: ثُمَّ تَزَاحَفَ النَّاسُ وَدَنَا بَعْضُهُمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ، فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى النَّاسِ فَحَرَّضَهُمْ فَقَالَ: «قُومُوا إِلَى جَنَّةٍ عَرْضُهَا السَّمَوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يُقَاتِلُهُمُ الْيَوْمَ رَجُلٌ فَيُقْتَلُ صَابِرًا مُحْتَسِبًا مُقْبِلًا غَيْرَ مُدْبِرٍ إِلَّا أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ». فَقَالَ -كَمَا فِي صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ وَغَيْرِهِ- عُمَيْرُ بْنُ الْحُمَامِ أَخُو بَنِي سَلِمَةَ وَفِي يَدِهِ تَمَرَاتٌ يَأْكُلُهُنَّ: بَخٍ بَخٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، عَرْضُهَا السَّمَوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ ؟ ! قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». قَالَ: أَفَمَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ أَنْ أَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَقْتُلَنِي هَؤُلَاءِ ؟ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ قَالَ: لَئِنْ حَيِيتُ حَتَّى آكُلَ تَمَرَاتِي هَذِهِ إِنَّهَا لَحَيَاةٌ طَوِيلَةٌ، ثُمَّ قَذَفَ التَّمَرَاتِ مِنْ يَدِهِ، وَأَخَذَ سَيْفَهُ فَقَاتَلَ الْقَوْمَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ. وَذَكَرَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ أَنَّ عُمَيْرًا قَاتَلَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: رَكْضًا إِلَى اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ زَادِ إِلَّا التُّقَى وَعَمَلَ الْمَعَادِ وَالصَّبْرَ فِي اللَّهِ عَلَى الْجِهَادِ وَكُلُّ زَادٍ عُرْضَةُ النَّفَادِ غَيْرَ التُّقَى وَالْبِرِّ وَالرَّشَادِ قَالَ ابْنُ عُقْبَةَ: فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ قَتِيلٍ قُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: مِهْجَعٌ مَوْلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ. مَقْتَلُ عَوْفِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ: أَنَّ عَوْفَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَفْرَاءَ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ: مِمَّ يَضْحَكُ الرَّبُّ مِنْ عَبْدِهِ ؟ قَالَ: «غَمْسُهُ يَدَهُ فِي الْعَدُوِّ حَاسِرًا ؟ » فَنَزَعَ دِرْعًا كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَأَلْقَاهَا، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ سَيْفَهُ فَقَاتَلَ الْقَوْمَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ ؓ. وَقَاتَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِنَفْسِهِ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَكَذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ، كَمَا كَانَا فِي الْعَرِيشِ يُجَاهِدَانِ بِالدُّعَاءِ وَالتَّضَرُّعِ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَا فَحَرَّضَا وَحَثَّا عَلَى الْقِتَالِ، وَقَاتَلَا بِأَبْدَانِهِمَا، جَمْعًا بَيْنَ الْمَقَامَيْنِ. رَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ، وَالْفِرْيَابِيُّ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ وَحَضَرَ الْبَأْسُ أَمَّنَّا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَاتَّقَيْنَا بِهِ، وَكَانَ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ بَأْسًا يَوْمَئِذٍ. وَمَا كَانَ أَحَدٌ أَقْرَبَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ مِنْهُ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بِلَفْظِ: «لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَنَحْنُ نَلُوذُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ » وَالنَّسَائِيُّ بِلَفْظِ: «كُنَّا إِذَا حَمِيَ الْبَأْسُ وَلَقِيَ الْقَوْمُ الْقَوْمَ اتَّقَيْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ » .
Translation
✧ The joining of battle and the killing of ʿUmayr b. al-Ḥumām ؓ Ibn Isḥāq and others said: Then the people advanced and drew near to one another. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out to the people and exhorted them, saying: "Rise to a garden whose width is the heavens and the earth. By Him in whose hand is my soul, no man fights them today and is killed, patient, seeking reward, advancing and not retreating, but Allah will admit him to the Garden." Then — as in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim and elsewhere — ʿUmayr b. al-Ḥumām, a brother of the Banū Salimah, with dates in his hand that he was eating, said: "Excellent, excellent, O Messenger of Allah! Its width is the heavens and the earth?!" He said: "Yes." He said: "Is there nothing between me and entering the Garden except that these people kill me?" In another narration he said: "If I live until I eat these dates of mine, that would indeed be a long life." Then he threw the dates from his hand, took his sword, and fought the people until he was killed. Ibn Jarīr mentioned that ʿUmayr fought while saying: Rushing to Allah without provision except piety and the work of the Hereafter, and patience in Allah upon the struggle. Every provision is subject to depletion except piety, righteousness, and guidance. Ibn ʿUqbah said: He was the first slain among the Muslims. Ibn Saʿd said: Mihjaʿ, the freedman of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb. The killing of ʿAwf b. al-Ḥārith Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah narrated to me that ʿAwf b. al-Ḥārith — that is, Ibn ʿAfrāʾ — said: "O Messenger of Allah, what makes the Lord laugh at His servant?" He said: "His plunging his hand into the enemy, bareheaded?" So he took off a coat of mail that was upon him and threw it away, then took his sword and fought the people until he was killed ؓ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought that day himself with fierce fighting, and likewise Abū Bakr ؓ, just as they had been in the arbor struggling with supplication and humility. Then they descended and exhorted and urged on the fighting, and fought with their own bodies, combining the two stations. Ibn Saʿd and al-Firyābī narrated from ʿAlī ؓ, who said: On the day of Badr, when the fighting was intense, we sought refuge with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and shielded ourselves with him. He was the fiercest of the people in battle that day, and no one was closer to the polytheists than he. Imām Aḥmad narrated with the wording: "I saw us on the day of Badr while we were taking refuge with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ," and al-Nasāʾī with the wording: "When the battle grew hot and the people met the people, we shielded ourselves with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.