Tarikh (al-Tabari) 964
The Great Expedition of Badr
خُرُوجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ. قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ لِاثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: لِثَمَانِ لَيَالٍ خَلَوْنَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ، وَضَرَبَ عَسْكَرَهُ بِبِئْرِ أَبِي عِنَبَةَ -بِكَسْرِ الْعَيْنِ وَفَتْحِ النُّونِ بِلَفْظِ اسْمِ الْمَأْكُولِ- وَهِيَ عَلَى مِيلٍ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ. فَعَرَضَ أَصْحَابَهُ، وَرَدَّ مَنِ اسْتَصْغَرَ مِنْهُمْ، فَرَدَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، وَأُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ، وَرَافِعَ بْنَ خَدِيجٍ، وَالْبَرَاءَ بْنَ عَازِبٍ، وَأُسَيْدَ بْنَ حُضَيْرٍ، وَزَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ، وَزَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ، وَعُمَيْرَ بْنَ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، فَقَالَ: ارْجِعْ، فَبَكَى فَأَجَازَهُ، فَقُتِلَ بِبَدْرٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً، وَأَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَقُوا مِنْ بِئْرِ السُّقْيَا، وَشَرِبَ مِنْ مَائِهَا، وَصَلَّى عِنْدَ بُيُوتِ السُّقْيَا، وَدَعَا يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَبْدَكَ وَخَلِيلَكَ وَنَبِيَّكَ دَعَاكَ لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، وَإِنِّي مُحَمَّدٌ عَبْدُكَ وَنَبِيُّكَ أَدْعُوكَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، أَنْ تُبَارِكَ لَهُمْ فِي صَاعِهِمْ وَمُدِّهِمْ وَثِمَارِهِمُ، اللَّهُمَّ حَبِّبْ إِلَيْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ، وَاجْعَلْ مَا بِهَا مِنَ الْوَبَاءِ بِخُمٍّ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا كَمَا حَرَّمَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُكَ مَكَّةَ. وَكَانَ خُبَيْبُ بْنُ إِسَافٍ ذَا بَأْسٍ وَنَجْدَةٍ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ أَسْلَمَ، وَلَكِنَّهُ خَرَجَ مُنْجِدًا لِقَوْمِهِ مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ طَالِبًا لِلْغَنِيمَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: لَا يَصْحَبُنَا إِلَّا مَنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِنَا، فَأَسْلَمَ وَأَبْلَى بَلَاءً حَسَنًا، وَرَاحَ عَشِيَّةَ الْأَحَدِ مِنْ بُيُوتِ السُّقْيَا. وَقَالَ ﷺ حِينَ فَصَلَ مِنْهَا: اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ حُفَاةٌ فَاحْمِلْهُمْ، وَعُرَاةٌ فَاكْسُهُمْ، وَجِيَاعٌ فَأَشْبِعْهُمْ، وَعَالَةٌ فَأَغْنِهِمْ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ. وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ - وَيُقَالُ اسْمُهُ: عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ أَخَا بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ، عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ بِالنَّاسِ، ثُمَّ رَدَّ أَبَا لُبَابَةَ مِنْ الرَّوْحَاءِ، وَاسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ. [ صَاحِبُ اللِّوَاءِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَدَفَعَ اللِّوَاءَ إلَى مُصْعَبِ بْنِ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ هَاشِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الدَّارِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَكَانَ أَبْيَضَ. قَالَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ: كَانَ لِوَاءُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ مَعَ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، وَلِوَاءُ الْخَزْرَجِ مَعَ الْحُبَابِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ، وَلِوَاءُ الْأَوْسِ مَعَ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ، وَجَزَمَ بِذَلِكَ فِي الْهَدْيِ. قَالَ أَبُو الْفَتْحِ: وَالْمَعْرُوفُ أَنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ مُعَاذٍ كَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَى حَرَسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْعَرِيشِ، وَأَنَّ لِوَاءَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ كَانَ بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ. قُلْتُ: الْعَرِيشُ كَانَ بِبَدْرٍ، وَالَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ كَانَ فِي الطَّرِيقِ.
Translation
✧ The departure of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ departed from Madinah in Ramadan. Ibn Saʿd said: on Saturday, after twelve nights had passed, while Ibn Hishām said: after eight nights had passed of the month of Ramadan. He pitched his camp at the well of Abī ʿInabah — with kasrah on the ʿayn and fatḥah on the nūn, in the form of the name of the edible — which is one mile from Madinah. He reviewed his companions and sent back those he considered too young. He sent back ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar, Usāmah b. Zayd, Rāfiʿ b. Khadīj, al-Barāʾ b. ʿĀzib, Usayd b. Ḥuḍayr, Zayd b. Arqam, Zayd b. Thābit, and ʿUmayr b. Abī Waqqāṣ. He said: “Go back.” He wept, so he allowed him to proceed. He was killed at Badr when he was sixteen years old. He commanded his companions to draw water from the well of al-Suqyā, and he drank from its water and prayed near the houses of al-Suqyā. That day he supplicated for Madinah, saying: “O Allah, Ibrāhīm was Your servant, Your friend, and Your prophet; he called upon You for the people of Makkah. I am Muḥammad, Your servant and Your prophet; I call upon You for the people of Madinah, that You bless them in their ṣāʿ, their mudd, and their fruits. O Allah, make Madinah beloved to us, and put whatever plague is in it in Khumm. O Allah, I have made sacred what lies between its two lava tracts, just as Ibrāhīm, Your friend, made Makkah sacred.” Khubayb b. Isāf was a man of courage and bravery, and he had not become a Muslim, but he went out to aid his people of the Khazraj, seeking booty. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: “No one may accompany us except one who is upon our religion.” So he became a Muslim and fought excellently. He set out on Sunday evening from the houses of al-Suqyā. When he departed from there, he ﷺ said: “O Allah, they are barefoot, so carry them; they are naked, so clothe them; they are hungry, so feed them; and they are poor, so enrich them from Your bounty.” He appointed ʿAmr b. Umm Maktūm — and it is said his name is ʿAbd Allāh b. Umm Maktūm, the brother of Banū ʿĀmir b. Luʾayy — to lead the people in prayer. Then he sent back Abū Lubābah from al-Rawḥāʾ and appointed him over Madinah. [The bearer of the banner] Ibn Isḥāq said: He handed the banner to Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr b. Hāshim b. ʿAbd Manāf b. ʿAbd al-Dār. Ibn Hishām said: It was white. Ibn Saʿd said: The banner of the Muhājirūn was with Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr, the banner of the Khazraj was with al-Ḥubāb b. al-Mundhir, and the banner of the Aws was with Saʿd b. Muʿādh, and he affirmed this in al-Hady. Abū al-Fatḥ said: What is well known is that Saʿd b. Muʿādh was that day in charge of the guard of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the arbor, and that the banner of the Muhājirūn was in the hand of ʿAlī. I say: The arbor was at Badr, and what Ibn Saʿd mentioned was on the way.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.