Tarikh (al-Tabari) 792
The Night Journey and the Ascension
الْإِسْرَاءُ وَالْمِعْرَاجُ اخْتَلَفَ الْعُلَمَاءُ فِي وَقْتِ الْإِسْرَاءِ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فِي أَيِّ عَامٍ كَانَ وَفِي أَيِّ شَهْرٍ كَانَ، فَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ بِسَنَةٍ، وَعَنْ غَيْرِهِ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ بِسِتَّةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا. وَعَلَى قَوْلِ الزُّهْرِيِّ يَكُونُ فِي شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ، وَعَلَى قَوْلِ غَيْرِهِ يَكُونُ فِي شَهْرِ ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ. وَقَدْ أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْبُرَاقِ وَهِيَ الدَّابَّةُ الَّتِي تَحْمِلُ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ وَتَضَعُ حَافِرَهَا فِي مُنْتَهَى طَرَفِهَا فَجَاءَ بَيْتَ الْمَقْدِسِ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ بِالْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ وَجِيءَ إِلَيْهِ ﷺ بِلَبَنٍ وَخَمْرٍ وَمَاءٍ فَشَرِبَ اللَّبَنَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: "هُدِيتَ وَهُدِيَتْ أُمَّتُكَ". ثُمَّ صُعِدَ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَى السَّمَوَاتِ الْعُلَى مِنْ سَمَاءٍ إِلَى سَمَاءٍ، وَقَدْ وَصَفَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي كُلِّ سَمَاءٍ مَا وَجَدَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ سِدْرَةَ الْمُنْتَهَى. وَفِي رِحْلَةِ الْمِعْرَاجِ شُرِعَتِ الصَّلَاةُ خَمْسِينَ وَمَا زَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَطْلُبُ التَّخْفِيفَ حَتَّى صَارَتْ خَمْسًا فِي الْعَمَلِ وَخَمْسِينَ فِي الْأَجْرِ. وَقَدْ رَأَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي رِحْلَتِهِ الْعَدِيدَ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ وَالَّتِي مِنْ أَبْرَزِهَا: رُؤْيَةُ عُقُوبَةِ الزُّنَاةِ، وَعُقُوبَةِ النِّسَاءِ اللَّوَاتِي يُدْخِلْنَ عَلَى الرِّجَالِ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِنَّ، وَآكِلِي أَمْوَالِ الْيَتَامَى، وَآكِلِي الرِّبَا، وَمَنْ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ زَكَاتَهُ وَعُقُوبَةِ الْمُتَثَاقِلِ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ، وَخُطَبَاءِ الْفِتْنَةِ، وَمَنْ يَأْكُلُ لُحُومَ النَّاسِ وَيَقَعُ فِي أَعْرَاضِهِمْ وَمَنْ لَمْ يُؤَدِّ الْأَمَانَةَ، إِلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ عُقُوبَاتِ أَصْحَابِ الْكَبَائِرِ. وَقَدْ رَأَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ النَّارَ وَمَا أَعَدَّهُ اللَّهُ فِيهَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ وَالْعُصَاةِ الظَّالِمِينَ. كَمَا رَأَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْجَنَّةَ وَزِينَتَهَا وَمَا أَعَدَّهُ اللَّهُ فِيهَا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ، كَمَا رَأَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا أَعَدَّهُ اللَّهُ مِنَ النَّعِيمِ لِمَاشِطَةِ بِنْتِ فِرْعَوْنَ، وَمَا أَعَدَّهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِلْمُجَاهِدِينَ فِي سَبِيلِهِ، إِلَى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ نَعِيمِ أَهْلِ الْإِيمَانِ. هَذَا وَقَدْ حَكَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا رَآهُ لِقُرَيْشٍ فِي رِحْلَةِ الْإِسْرَاءِ وَالْمِعْرَاجُ فَكَذَّبُوهُ وَهَلَكَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَفْتُونُونَ وَثَبَتَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ. وَمِمَّا تَجْدُرُ الْإِشَارَةُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ ثَمَّةَ نِقَاشًا بَيْنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ حَوْلَ هَلِ الْإِسْرَاءُ وَالْمِعْرَاجُ كَانَ بِالْجَسَدِ وَالرُّوحِ مَعًا أَمْ بِالرُّوحِ فَقَطْ وَهَلْ كَانَ حَقِيقَةً أَوْ مَنَامًا، وَهَلْ رَأَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ رَبَّهُ، كَمَا بَحَثَ الْعُلَمَاءُ شُبَهَ مُنْكِرِي الْإِسْرَاءِ وَالْمِعْرَاجِ وَقَامُوا بِالرَّدِّ عَلَيْهَا رَدًّا شَافِيًا وَافِيًا وَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ.
Translation
✧ The Night Journey and the Ascension The scholars differed concerning the time of the Night Journey of the Prophet ﷺ to Jerusalem as to in which year and in which month it occurred. Al-Zuhrī said that it was one year before the Hijrah, and from others it was sixteen months before the Hijrah. According to the statement of al-Zuhrī it would be in the month of Rabīʿ al-Awwal, and according to the statement of others it would be in the month of Dhū al-Qaʿdah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought the Burāq, which is the mount that carries the prophets and places its hoof at the farthest extent of its gaze. He came to Jerusalem and prayed in it with the prophets (peace be upon them). Milk, wine, and water were brought to him ﷺ, and he drank the milk. Jibrīl ﷺ said to him: “You have been guided, and your community has been guided.” Then the Prophet ﷺ was taken up to the highest heavens, from one heaven to another. The Prophet ﷺ described in each heaven what he found therein of the prophets until he reached the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary. In the journey of the Ascension, prayer was prescribed as fifty prayers, and the Prophet ﷺ kept requesting reduction until it became five in practice and fifty in reward. The Prophet ﷺ saw in his journey numerous signs, the most prominent of which include: Seeing the punishment of adulterers, the punishment of women who bring into men’s households those who are not of their children, those who consume the property of orphans, those who consume usury, those who do not pay their zakāt, the punishment of those who are sluggish about prayer, the preachers of discord, those who eat the flesh of people and assail their honor, and those who do not fulfill the trust, among other punishments of the people of major sins. The Prophet ﷺ saw the Fire and what Allah has prepared therein for the disbelievers and the wrongdoing sinners. Likewise, the Prophet ﷺ saw Paradise and its adornment and what Allah has prepared therein for the believers. He also saw ﷺ what Allah has prepared of bliss for the hairdresser of Pharaoh’s daughter, and what Allah, Exalted is He, has prepared for those who strive in His path, among other bliss of the people of faith. Thus, the Prophet ﷺ related what he saw to Quraysh in the journey of the Night Journey and the Ascension, and they called him a liar, and the deluded perished in that while the believers remained steadfast. Among what deserves mention is that there is discussion among the scholars about whether the Night Journey and the Ascension were with body and soul together or with soul only, and whether it was real or a dream, and whether the Prophet ﷺ saw his Lord. The scholars also examined the doubts of those who deny the Night Journey and the Ascension and refuted them with a sufficient and complete refutation, and praise be to Allah.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.