Tarikh (al-Tabari) 4371
Then the year 366 AH began
ذِكْرُ مَسِيرِ الْهِنْدِ إِلَى بِلَادِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ مَعَ سُبُكْتِكِينَ لَمَّا فَرَغَ سُبُكْتِكِينُ مَنْ بُسْتَ وَقُصْدَارَ غَزَا الْهِنْدَ، فَافْتَتَحَ قِلَاعًا حَصِينَةً عَلَى شَوَاهِقِ الْجِبَالِ، وَعَادَ سَالِمًا ظَافِرًا. وَلَمَّا رَأَى جِيبَالُ مَلِكُ الْهِنْدِ مَا دَهَاهُ، وَأَنَّ بِلَادَهُ تُمْلَكُ مِنْ أَطْرَافِهَا، أَخَذَهُ مَا قَدُمَ وَحَدُثَ، فَحَشَدَ وَجَمَعَ وَاسْتَكْثَرَ مِنَ الْفُيُولِ، وَسَارَ حَتَّى اتَّصَلَ بِوِلَايَةِ سُبُكْتِكِينَ، وَقَدْ بَاضَ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي رَأْسِهِ وَفَرَّخَ، فَسَارَ سُبُكْتِكِينُ عَنْ غَزْنَةَ إِلَيْهِ وَمَعَهُ عَسَاكِرُهُ ( وَخَلْقٌ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ الْمُتَطَوِّعَةِ، فَالْتَقَوْا وَاقْتَتَلُوا أَيَّامًا كَثِيرَةً، وَصَبَرَ الْفَرِيقَانِ ). ( وَكَانَ بِالْقُرْبِ مِنْهُمْ ) عَقَبَةُ غُورَكَ، وَفِيهَا عَيْنُ مَاءٍ لَا تَقْبَلُ نَجَسًا وَلَا قَذَرًا، وَإِذَا أُلْقِيَ بِهَا شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ اكْفَهَرَّتِ السَّمَاءُ وَهَبَّتِ الرِّيَاحُ، وَكَثُرَ الرَّعْدُ وَالْبَرْقُ وَالْأَمْطَارُ وَلَا تَزَالُ كَذَلِكَ إِلَى أَنْ تَطْهُرَ مِنَ الَّذِي أُلْقِيَ فِيهَا فَأَمَرَ سُبُكْتِكِينُ بِإِلْقَاءِ نَجَاسَةٍ فِي تِلْكَ الْعَيْنِ، فَجَاءَ الْغَيْمُ وَالرَّعْدُ وَالْبَرْقُ، وَقَامَتِ الْقِيَامَةُ عَلَى الْهُنُودِ لِأَنَّهُمْ رَأَوْا مَا لَمْ يَرَوْا مِثْلَهُ، وَتَوَالَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّوَاعِقُ وَالْأَمْطَارُ، وَاشْتَدَّ الْبَرْدُ، حَتَّى هَلَكُوا، وَعَمِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَذَاهِبُ، وَاسْتَسْلَمُوا لِشِدَّةِ مَا عَايَنُوهُ. وَأَرْسَلَ مَلِكُ الْهِنْدِ إِلَى سُبُكْتِكِينَ يَطْلُبُ الصُّلْحَ، وَتَرَدَّدَتِ الرُّسُلُ فَأَجَابَهُمْ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدَ امْتِنَاعٍ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ مَحْمُودٍ، عَلَى مَالٍ يُؤَدِّيهِ، وَبِلَادٍ يُسَلِّمُهَا، وَخَمْسِينَ فِيلًا يَحْمِلُهَا إِلَيْهِ، فَاسْتَقَرَّ ذَلِكَ، وَرَهَنَ عِنْدَهُ جَمَاعَةً مِنْ أَهْلِهِ ( عَلَى تَسْلِيمِ الْبِلَادِ )، وَسَيَّرَ مَعَهُ سُبُكْتِكِينُ مَنْ يَتَسَلَّمُهَا، فَإِنَّ الْمَالَ وَالْفِيَلَةَ كَانَتْ مُعَجَّلَةً، فَلَمَّا أَبْعَدَ جِيبَالُ مَلِكُ الْهِنْدِ قَبَضَ عَلَى مَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَجَعَلَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ عِوَضًا عَنْ رَهَائِنِهِ. فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ سُبُكْتِكِينُ بِذَلِكَ جَمَعَ الْعَسَاكِرَ وَسَارَ نَحْوَ الْهِنْدِ، فَأَخْرَبَ كُلَّ مَا مَرَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ بِلَادِهِمْ، وَقَصَدَ لَمْغَانَ، وَهِيَ مِنْ أَحْصَنِ قِلَاعِهِمْ، فَافْتَتَحَهَا عَنْوَةً وَهَدَمَ بُيُوتَ الْأَصْنَامِ، وَأَقَامَ فِيهَا شِعَارَ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَسَارَ عَنْهَا يَفْتَحُ الْبِلَادَ وَيَقْتُلُ أَهْلَهَا فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَا أَرَادَهُ عَادَ إِلَى غَزْنَةَ. فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْخَبَرُ إِلَى جِيبَالَ سُقِطَ فِي يَدِهِ، وَجَمَعَ الْعَسَاكِرَ وَسَارَ فِي مِائَةِ أَلْفَ مُقَاتِلٍ، فَلَقِيَهُ سُبُكْتِكِينُ، وَأَمَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ أَنْ يَتَنَاوَبُوا الْقِتَالَ مَعَ الْهُنُودِ فَفَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فَضَجِرَ الْهُنُودُ مِنْ دَوَامِ الْقِتَالِ مَعَهُمْ، وَحَمَلُوا حَمْلَةً وَاحِدَةً، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ اشْتَدَّ الْأَمْرُ وَعَظُمَ الْخَطْبُ، وَحَمَلَ أَيْضًا الْمُسْلِمُونَ جَمِيعُهُمْ، وَاخْتَلَطَ بَعْضُهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ، فَانْهَزَمَ الْهُنُودُ، وَأَخَذَهُمُ السَّيْفُ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ، وَأَسَرَ مِنْهُمْ مَا لَا يُعَدُّ وَغَنِمَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَأَثْقَالَهُمْ وَدَوَابَّهُمُ الْكَثِيرَةَ. وَذَلَّ الْهُنُودُ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْوَقْعَةِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ بَعْدَهَا رَايَةٌ، وَرَضُوا بِأَنْ لَا يُطْلَبُوا فِي أَقَاصِي بِلَادِهِمْ، وَلَمَّا قَوِيَ سُبُكْتِكِينُ، بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْوَقْعَةِ، أَطَاعَهُ الْأَفْغَانِيَّةُ وَالْخُلْجُ وَصَارُوا فِي طَاعَتِهِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the march of the Indians to the lands of Islam and what befell them with Subuktigīn When Subuktigīn had finished with Bust and Quṣdār, he raided India, conquered strong fortresses on mountain peaks, and returned safe and victorious. When Jaybāl, the king of India, saw what had befallen him and that his territories were being seized from their outskirts, he was seized by what was past and what was new. He gathered, assembled, accumulated many elephants, and marched until he reached the province of Subuktigīn, with Satan having laid eggs and hatched in his head. Subuktigīn marched from Ghazna against him with his troops and a great multitude of volunteers, and they met and fought for many days, and both parties endured. Near them was the mountain pass of Ghūrak, in which there was a spring of water that would not accept any impurity or filth; if anything of that was thrown into it, the sky would darken, winds would blow, thunder and lightning and rains would increase, and it would remain so until it was cleansed of what had been thrown into it. Subuktigīn ordered that impurity be thrown into that spring, and clouds, thunder, and lightning came, and a cataclysm arose against the Indians because they saw what they had never seen the like of. Thunderbolts and rains fell upon them in succession, and the cold intensified until they perished, their ways became obscured, and they surrendered to the severity of what they witnessed. The king of India sent to Subuktigīn seeking peace. Messengers went back and forth, and he assented to them after refusal on the part of his son Maḥmūd, on condition of wealth he would pay, lands he would surrender, and fifty elephants he would deliver to him. That was settled, and he gave as hostages a group of his family for the surrender of the lands. Subuktigīn sent with him someone to receive them, for the wealth and the elephants were to be delivered immediately. But when Jaybāl, the king of India, had gone far, he seized the Muslims who were with him and kept them as a substitute for his hostages. When Subuktigīn heard of that, he assembled the troops and marched toward India. He destroyed all the lands of theirs that he passed by and headed for Lamghān, one of their strongest fortresses. He conquered it by force, demolished the houses of idols, and established the rites of Islam there. He departed from it, conquering lands and killing their people. When he had achieved what he wanted, he returned to Ghazna. When the news reached Jaybāl, he was confounded. He assembled troops and marched with one hundred thousand fighters. Subuktigīn met him and ordered his companions to take turns fighting the Indians. They did so, and the Indians grew weary of the constant fighting with them. They launched a single charge, and at that the matter became severe and the affair became grave. The Muslims also charged all together, and they mixed with one another. The Indians fled, and the sword took them from every side. He took from them captives beyond count and seized their wealth, baggage, and numerous mounts. The Indians were humiliated after this battle, and after it they had no banner. They accepted not being pursued into the farthest parts of their lands. When Subuktigīn grew strong after this battle, the Afghāniyya and the Khalaj obeyed him and came under his obedience.
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