Tarikh (al-Tabari) 3856
Then the Year 323 AH Began
ذِكْرُ فِتْنَةِ الْحَنَابِلَةِ بِبَغْدَاذَ وَفِيهَا عَظُمَ أَمْرُ الْحَنَابِلَةِ، وَقَوِيَتْ شَوْكَتُهُمْ، وَصَارُوا يَكْسِبُونَ مِنْ دُورِ الْقُوَّادِ وَالْعَامَّةِ، وَإِنْ وَجَدُوا نَبِيذًا أَرَاقُوهُ، وَإِنْ وَجَدُوا مُغَنِّيَةً ضَرَبُوهَا وَكَسَرُوا آلَةَ الْغِنَاءِ، وَاعْتَرَضُوا فِي الْبَيْعِ وَالشِّرَاءِ، وَمَشَى الرِّجَالُ مَعَ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ، فَإِذَا رَأَوْا ذَلِكَ سَأَلُوهُ عَنِ الَّذِي مَعَهُ مَنْ هُوَ، فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ، وَإِلَّا ضَرَبُوهُ وَحَمَلُوهُ إِلَى صَاحِبِ الشُّرْطَةِ، وَشَهِدُوا عَلَيْهِ بِالْفَاحِشَةِ، فَأَرْهَجُوا بَغْدَاذَ. فَرَكِبَ بَدْرٌ الْخَرْشَنِيُّ، وَهُوَ صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَةِ، عَاشِرَ جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ وَنَادَى فِي جَانِبَيْ بَغْدَاذَ، فِي أَصْحَابِ أَبِي مُحَمَّدِ الْبَرْبَهَارِيِّ الْحَنَابِلَةِ، أَلَا يَجْتَمِعُ مِنْهُمُ اثْنَانِ وَلَا يَتَنَاظَرُوا فِي مَذْهَبِهِمْ، وَلَا يُصَلِّي مِنْهُمْ إِمَامٌ إِلَّا إِذَا جَهَرَ بِبِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ فِي صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ وَالْعِشَاءَيْنِ، فَلَمْ يُفِدْ فِيهِمْ، وَزَادَ شَرُّهُمْ وَفِتْنَتُهُمْ، وَاسْتَظْهَرُوا بِالْعُمْيَانِ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَأْوُونَ الْمَسَاجِدَ، وَكَانُوا إِذَا مَرَّ بِهِمْ شَافِعِيُّ الْمَذْهَبِ أَغْرَوْا بِهِ الْعُمْيَانَ، فَيَضْرِبُونَهُ بِعِصِيِّهِمْ، حَتَّى يَكَادَ يَمُوتُ. فَخَرَجَ تَوْقِيعُ الرَّاضِي بِمَا يُقْرَأُ عَلَى الْحَنَابِلَةِ يُنْكِرُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَهُمْ، وَيُوَبِّخُهُمْ بِاعْتِقَادِ التَّشْبِيهِ وَغَيْرِهِ، فَمِنْهُ تَارَةً أَنَّكُمْ تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ صُورَةَ وُجُوهِكُمُ الْقَبِيحَةِ السَّمِجَةِ عَلَى مِثَالِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَهَيْئَتَكُمُ الرَّذْلَةِ عَلَى هَيْئَتِهِ، وَتَذْكُرُونَ الْكَفَّ وَالْأَصَابِعَ وَالرِّجْلَيْنِ وَالنَّعْلَيْنِ الْمُذَهَّبَيْنِ، وَالشَّعْرَ الْقَطَطِ، وَالصُّعُودَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، وَالنُّزُولَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا، تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ عَمَّا يَقُولُ الظَّالِمُونَ وَالْجَاحِدُونَ عُلُوًّا كَبِيرًا، ثُمَّ طَعْنُكُمْ عَلَى خِيَارِ الْأَئِمَّةِ، وَنِسْبَتُكُمْ شِيعَةَ آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ ( إِلَى الْكُفْرِ وَالضَّلَالِ، ثُمَّ اسْتِدْعَاؤُكُمُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى الدِّينِ بِالْبِدَعِ الظَّاهِرَةِ وَالْمَذَاهِبِ الْفَاجِرَةِ الَّتِي لَا يَشْهَدُ بِهَا الْقُرْآنُ، وَإِنْكَارُكُمْ زِيَارَةَ قُبُورِ الْأَئِمَّةِ، وَتَشْنِيعِكُمْ عَلَى زُوَّارِهَا بِالِابْتِدَاعِ )، وَأَنْتُمْ مَعَ ذَلِكَ تَجْتَمِعُونَ عَلَى زِيَارَةِ قَبْرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْعَوَامِّ لَيْسَ بِذِي شَرَفٍ وَلَا نَسَبٍ، ( وَلَا سَبَبٍ ) بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَتَأْمُرُونَ بِزِيَارَتِهِ، وَتَدَّعُونَ لَهُ مُعْجِزَاتِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، وَكَرَامَاتِ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ، فَلَعَنَ اللَّهُ شَيْطَانًا زَيَّنَ لَكُمْ هَذِهِ الْمُنْكَرَاتِ، وَمَا أَغْوَاهُ. وَأَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ قَسَمًا جَهْدًا إِلَيْهِ يَلْزَمُهُ الْوَفَاءُ بِهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ تَنْتَهُوا عَنْ مَذْمُومِ مَذْهَبِكُمْ وَمُعْوَجِّ طَرِيقَتِكُمْ لَيُوسِعَنَّكُمْ ضَرْبًا وَتَشْرِيدًا، وَقَتْلًا وَتَبْدِيدًا، وَلَيَسْتَعْمِلَنَّ السَّيْفَ فِي رِقَابِكُمْ، وَالنَّارَ فِي مَنَازِلِكُمْ وَمَحَالِّكُمْ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the fitnah of the Hanbalis in Baghdad In this year the affair of the Hanbalis grew grave, and their strength increased. They began to raid the houses of the commanders and the common people; if they found nabīdh they spilled it, if they found a singing-girl they beat her and broke the instrument of music. They interfered in buying and selling, and when men walked with women and boys, if they saw that they asked him who the one with him was, and he informed them; otherwise they beat him and carried him to the ṣāḥib al-shurṭah, and testified against him of indecency. Thus they threw Baghdad into turmoil. Badr al-Kharshanī, who was the ṣāḥib al-shurṭah, rode out on the tenth of Jumādā al-Ākhirah and proclaimed in both sides of Baghdad, concerning the followers of Abū Muḥammad al-Barbahārī the Hanbalis, that no two of them should gather or dispute about their madhhab, and that no imām among them should pray unless he recited aloud “Bismillāh al-Raḥmān al-Raḥīm” in the morning prayer and the two evening prayers. But it did not benefit them; their evil and fitnah increased, and they sought support from the blind men who used to shelter in the mosques. Whenever a Shāfiʿī in madhhab passed by them, they incited the blind men against him, and they would beat him with their sticks until he nearly died. The tawqīʿ of al-Rāḍī came out with what was to be read to the Hanbalis, condemning their action and rebuking them for their belief in tashbīh and other things. Among it was: “At one time you claim that the form of your ugly, repulsive faces is after the likeness of the Lord of the worlds, and your vile appearance is after His appearance, and you mention the palm, the fingers, the two feet, the two gilded sandals, the curly hair, the ascent to heaven, and the descent to the world. Blessed be Allah, high and exalted, above what the wrongdoers and deniers say! Then your slander of the best of the imāms, and your attributing the Shīʿah of the family of Muḥammad ﷺ to unbelief and error. Then your summoning the Muslims to religion by manifest innovations and wicked madhhabs that the Qurʾān does not attest, and your rejecting the visitation of the graves of the imāms and your denouncing their visitors as innovators. Yet with all that you gather to visit the grave of a common man who has no nobility, no lineage, and no connection to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and you command visiting him, and you claim for him the miracles of the prophets and the charismatic gifts of the saints. May Allah curse the devil who adorned these abominations for you—how he has led you astray! The Commander of the Faithful swears by Allah a solemn oath by which he is bound to abide: if you do not desist from your blameworthy madhhab and your crooked path, he will surely subject you to abundant beating and banishment, killing and dispersal, and he will surely employ the sword against your necks and fire in your homes and dwellings.”
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