Tarikh (al-Tabari) 330
The story of ʿĪsā b. Maryam (peace be upon him)
وَمِنَ الْحَوَادِثِ: إِيفَادُ عِيسَى رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْحَوَارِيِّينَ إِلَى أَنْطَاكِيَةَ لِإِنْذَارِ أَهْلِهَا: عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ مَثَلا أَصْحَابَ الْقَرْيَةِ إِذْ جَاءَهَا الْمُرْسَلُونَ . قَالَ: " ذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنَّ عِيسَى بْنَ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بَعَثَ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْحَوَارِيِّينَ إِلَى أَنْطَاكِيَةَ [ مَدِينَةٍ بِالرُّومِ ] فَكَذَّبُوهُمَا، فَبَعَثَ ثَالِثًا ". وَإِلَى هَذَا الْمَعْنَى ذَهَبَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ. وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ قَوْمٌ مِنْهُمْ كَعْبٌ، وَوَهْبٌ [ إِلَى ] أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَرْسَلَهُمْ، وَالْأَوَّلُ أَثْبَتُ. وَمِنَ الْجَائِزِ أَنْ يُضَافَ إِرْسَالُهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ عِيسَى قَدْ أَرْسَلَهُمْ، لِأَنَّهُمْ رُسُلُ رَسُولِهِ. وَاخْتَلَفَ الْعُلَمَاءُ فِي اسْمَيْهِمَا عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَقْوَالٍ: أَحَدُهُمَا: صَادِقٌ، وَصَدُوقٌ، قَالَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، وَكَعْبٌ. وَالثَّانِي: يُحَنَّا، وَيُونُسُ، قَالَهُ وَهْبٌ. وَالثَّالِثُ: يُومَارُ، وَبُولِسُ. قَالَهُ مُقَاتِلٌ، قَالَ: وَاسْمُ الثَّالِثِ شَمْعُونُ، وَكَانَ مِنَ الْحَوَارِيِّينَ، وَهُوَ وَصِيُّ عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ. قَالَ كَعْبٌ: كَانَ بِأَنْطَاكِيَةَ فِرْعَوْنٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ: أَنْطَبْجَسُ، يَعْبُدُ الْأَصْنَامَ، فَبَعَثَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَكَذَّبَهُمْ وَأَرَادَ قَتْلَهُمْ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ حَبِيبًا، وَكَانَ مَجْذُومًا، فَجَاءَ يَسْعَى وَيَقُولُ: يَا قَوْمِ اتَّبِعُوا الْمُرْسَلِينَ فَقَتَلُوهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: وَوَطِئُوهُ بِأَرْجُلِهِمْ، فَلَمَّا مَضَى إِلَى رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: يَا لَيْتَ قَوْمِي يَعْلَمُونَ، وَغَضِبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ لِاسْتِضْعَافِهِمْ إِيَّاهُ، فَعَجَّلَ الِانْتِقَامَ مِنْهُمْ، فَصِيحَ بِهِمْ فَهَلَكُوا. وَقَدْ قَالَ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْمُنَادِي: حَبِيبٌ النَّجَّارُ هُوَ نَبِيُّ أَصْحَابِ الرَّسِّ الْمَذْكُورُ فِي سُورَةِ الْفُرْقَانِ. قَالَ ابن الجوزي: وَفِي هَذَا بُعْدٌ. وَمِنَ الْحَوَادِثِ: لِقَاءُ عِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ إِبْلِيسَ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ : عَنْ أَبِي الْجَلْدِ، قَالَ: لَقِيَ عِيسَى بْنُ مَرْيَمَ إِبْلِيسَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَسْأَلُكَ بِالْحَيِّ الْقَيُّومِ الَّذِي جَعَلَ عَلَيْكَ اللَّعْنَةَ، مَا الَّذِي يُسِيلُ جِسْمَكَ وَيَقْطَعُ ظَهْرَكَ ؟ فَضَرَبَ بِنَفْسِهِ الْأَرْضَ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ: لَوْلَا أَنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي بِالْحَيِّ الْقَيُّومِ مَا أَخْبَرْتُكَ، أَمَّا الَّذِي يَقْطَعُ ظَهْرِي فَصَلَاةُ الرَّجُلِ فِي بَيْتِهِ نَافِلَتَهُ، وَفِي الْجَمَاعَةِ فَرْضَهُ. وَأَمَّا الَّذِي يُسِيلُ جِسْمِي فَصَهِيلُ الْخَيْلِ - أَوْ قَالَ الْفَرَسِ - فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ. وَمِنَ الْحَوَادِثِ فِي زَمَانِهِ قَتْلُ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا : وَقَدْ سَبَقَ ذِكْرُ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّهُ قُتِلَ وَعِيسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي الْأَرْضِ
Translation
✧ Among the events: ʿĪsā dispatched two men of the disciples to Antioch to warn its people: From Qatādah regarding His saying, Exalted is He: “And strike for them a parable: the people of the town when the messengers came to it” (Yā Sīn 36:13). He said: “It was mentioned to us that ʿĪsā b. Maryam ﷺ sent two men of the disciples to Antioch [a city in Byzantine territory], and they called them liars, so he sent a third.” To this meaning went Ibn Jurayj. A group of them, such as Kaʿb and Wahb, went [to the view] that God, Exalted is He, sent them. The former is more firmly established. It is permissible to attribute their sending to God even if ʿĪsā had sent them, because they are messengers of His messenger. The scholars differed concerning their two names according to three statements: One of them: Ṣādiq and Ṣadūq; said by Ibn ʿAbbās and Kaʿb. The second: Yuḥannā and Yūnus; said by Wahb. The third: Yūmār and Būlus; said by Muqātil. He said: The name of the third was Shamʿūn, and he was one of the disciples, and he was the legatee of ʿĪsā ﷺ. Kaʿb said: In Antioch there was a Pharaoh called Anṭabjasus who worshiped idols. God, Mighty and Majestic, sent them to them, but he called them liars and wanted to kill them. That reached Ḥabīb, who was a leper, and he came hastening and saying: “O my people, follow the messengers.” So they killed him. Ibn Masʿūd said: They trampled him with their feet. When he passed on to the mercy of God, he said: “Would that my people knew.” God became angry with them because they deemed him weak, so He hastened vengeance upon them, and a cry was raised against them and they perished. Abū al-Ḥusayn b. al-Munādī said: Ḥabīb the carpenter is the prophet of the people of al-Rass mentioned in Sūrat al-Furqān. Ibn al-Jawzī said: There is remoteness in this. Among the events: the meeting of ʿĪsā ﷺ with Iblīs, may God curse him: From Abū al-Jald, he said: ʿĪsā b. Maryam met Iblīs and said to him: I ask you by the Living, the Self-Subsisting who placed the curse upon you, what is it that makes your body flow and breaks your back? He threw himself to the ground, then stood up and said: Had you not asked me by the Living, the Self-Subsisting, I would not have informed you. As for what breaks my back, it is a man’s prayer in his house as his supererogatory prayer, and in congregation as his obligatory prayer. As for what makes my body flow, it is the neighing of horses — or he said the horse — in the path of God, Mighty and Majestic. Among the events in his time: the killing of Yaḥyā b. Zakariyyā: Its mention has preceded, for he was killed while ʿĪsā ﷺ was on earth.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.