Tarikh (al-Tabari) 289
The story of ʿUzayr
مُلَخَّصُ قِصَّةِ عُزَيْرٍ وَمَا جَاءَ فِي هَلْ كَانَ عُزَيْرٌ نَبِيًّا أَمْ لَا؟ هُوَ عُزَيْرُ بْنُ حَيْوَةَ وَيُقَالُ: ابْنُ سُورَيْقَ بْنِ عِرْنَا بْنِ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ دِرِثْنَا بْنِ عَرَى بْنِ تَقَى بْنِ السُّبُوعِ بْنِ فِنْحَاصَ بْنِ الْعَازِرِ بْنِ هَارُونَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ. وَقَدْ وَرَدَ فِي الْأَثَرِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَرْفُوعًا: وَلَا أَدْرِي أَكَانَ عُزَيْرٌ نَبِيًّا أَمْ لَا. وَالْمَشْهُورُ أَنَّ عُزَيْرًا نَبِيٌّ مِنْ أَنْبِيَاءِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ دَاوُدَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ، وَبَيْنَ زَكَرِيَّا وَيَحْيَى، وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا لَمْ يَبْقَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مَنْ يَحْفَظُ التَّوْرَاةَ أَلْهَمَهُ اللَّهُ حِفْظَهَا، فَسَرَدَهَا عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ. وَهُوَ الَّذِي ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى قِصَّتَهُ فِي الْقُرْآنِ حِينَمَا دَخَلَ قَرْيَةً قَدْ بَادَ أَهْلَهَا وَهَلَكَتْ وَصَارَتْ خَاوِيَةً عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا فَتَعَجَّبَ كَيْفَ يُحْيِيهَا اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا فَأَمَاتَهُ اللَّهُ مِائَةَ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ. وَقَدْ عَادَ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ وَجَدَّدَ لَهُمُ التَّوْرَاةَ وَجَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى آيَةً لَهُمْ.
Translation
✧ Summary of the story of ʿUzayr and what has been reported as to whether ʿUzayr was a prophet or not: He is ʿUzayr b. Ḥaywah, and it is said: b. Sūrayq b. ʿIrnā b. Ayyūb b. Dirithnā b. ʿArā b. Taqā b. al-Subūʿ b. Finḥāṣ b. al-ʿĀzir b. Hārūn b. ʿImrān. It has been reported in the tradition from Ibn ʿAbbās, raised to the Prophet ﷺ: “I do not know whether ʿUzayr was a prophet or not.” The well-known view is that ʿUzayr was a prophet among the prophets of the Children of Israel, and that he lived between Dāwūd and Sulaymān, and between Zakariyyā and Yaḥyā (peace be upon them), and that when no one remained among the Children of Israel who preserved the Torah, Allah inspired him to memorize it, and he recited it in full to the Children of Israel. He is the one whose story Allah, may He be exalted, mentioned in the Qurʾān when he entered a village whose people had perished and died, and it had become empty, falling upon its roofs. He wondered how Allah, glory be to Him, would bring it back to life after its death. So Allah caused him to die for a hundred years, then raised him up. He returned from death to his people and renewed the Torah for them, and Allah, may He be exalted, made him a sign for them.
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