Tarikh (al-Tabari) 290
The story of ʿUzayr
وَهَذِهِ قِصَّةُ الْعُزَيْرِ قَالَ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ: هُوَ عُزَيْرُ بْنُ حَيْوَةَ وَيُقَالُ: ابْنُ سُورَيْقَ بْنِ عِرْنَا بْنِ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ دِرِثْنَا بْنِ عَرَى بْنِ تَقَى بْنِ السُّبُوعِ بْنِ فِنْحَاصَ بْنِ الْعَازِرِ بْنِ هَارُونَ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ. وَيُقَالُ: عُزَيْرُ بْنُ شُرُوخَا. جَاءَ فِي بَعْضِ الْآثَارِ أَنَّ قَبْرَهُ بِدِمَشْقَ. هل كان العزير نبيا أم لا؟ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَرْفُوعًا: لَا أَدْرِي أَلُعِنَ تُبَّعٌ أَمْ لَا، وَلَا أَدْرِي أَكَانَ عُزَيْرٌ نَبِيًّا أَمْ لَا ؟. وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ، أَنَّ عُزَيْرًا هُوَ الْعَبْدُ الَّذِي أَمَاتَهُ اللَّهُ مِائَةَ عَامٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ. وَقِيلَ: إِنَّ عُزَيْرًا كَانَ عَبْدًا صَالِحًا حَكِيمًا خَرَجَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِلَى ضَيْعَةٍ لَهُ يَتَعَاهَدُهَا، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ انْتَهَى إِلَى خَرِبَةٍ حِينَ قَامَتِ الظَّهِيرَةُ وَأَصَابَهُ الْحَرُّ، وَدَخَلَ الْخَرِبَةَ وَهُوَ عَلَى حِمَارِهِ، فَنَزَلَ عَنْ حِمَارِهِ وَمَعَهُ سَلَّةٌ فِيهَا تِينٌ، وَسَلَّةٌ فِيهَا عِنَبٌ، فَنَزَلَ فِي ظِلِّ تِلْكَ الْخَرِبَةِ وَأَخْرَجَ قَصْعَةً مَعَهُ، فَاعْتَصَرَ مِنَ الْعِنَبِ الَّذِي كَانَ مَعَهُ فِي الْقَصْعَةِ، ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَ خُبْزًا يَابِسًا مَعَهُ، فَأَلْقَاهُ فِي تِلْكَ الْقَصْعَةِ فِي الْعَصِيرِ ; لِيَبْتَلَّ لِيَأْكُلَهُ، ثُمَّ اسْتَلْقَى عَلَى قَفَاهُ وَأَسْنَدَ رِجْلَيْهِ إِلَى الْحَائِطِ فَنَظَرَ سَقْفَ تِلْكَ الْبُيُوتِ وَرَأَى مَا فِيهَا وَهِيَ قَائِمَةٌ عَلَى عُرُوشِهَا وَقَدْ بَادَ أَهْلُهَا، وَرَأَى عِظَامًا بَالِيَةً فَقَالَ: أَنَّى يُحْيِي هَذِهِ اللَّهُ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا فَلَمْ يَشُكَّ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُحْيِيهَا وَلَكِنْ قَالَهَا تَعَجُّبًا، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ مَلَكَ الْمَوْتِ، فَقَبَضَ رُوحَهُ، فَأَمَاتَهُ اللَّهُ مِائَةَ عَامٍ، فَلَمَّا أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ مِائَةُ عَامٍ، وَكَانَتْ فِيمَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أُمُورٌ وَأَحْدَاثٌ. قَالَ: فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ إِلَى عُزَيْرٍ مَلَكًا فَخَلَقَ قَلْبَهُ لِيَعْقِلَ بِهِ، وَعَيْنَيْهِ لِيَنْظُرَ بِهِمَا ; فَيَعْقِلَ كَيْفَ يُحْيِي اللَّهُ الْمَوْتَى، ثُمَّ رَكَّبَ خَلْقَهُ وَهُوَ يَنْظُرُ، ثُمَّ كَسَى عِظَامَهُ اللَّحْمَ، وَالشَّعْرَ، وَالْجِلْدَ، ثُمَّ نَفَخَ فِيهِ الرُّوحَ، كُلُّ ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ يَرَى وَيَعْقِلُ، فَاسْتَوَى جَالِسًا، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ: كَمْ لَبِثْتَ، قَالَ: لَبِثْتُ يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ نَامَ فِي صَدْرِ النَّهَارِ عِنْدَ الظَّهِيرَةِ، وَبُعِثَ فِي آخِرِ النَّهَارِ وَالشَّمْسُ لَمْ تَغِبْ، فَقَالَ: أَوْ بَعْضَ يَوْمٍ وَلَمْ يَتِمَّ لِي يَوْمٌ. فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ: بَلْ لَبِثْتَ مِائَةَ عَامٍ فَانْظُرْ إِلَى طَعَامِكَ وَشَرَابِكَ يَعْنِي الطَّعَامَ ; الْخُبْزَ الْيَابِسَ، وَشَرَابَهُ ; الْعَصِيرَ الَّذِي كَانَ اعْتَصَرَ فِي الْقَصْعَةِ، فَإِذَا هُمَا عَلَى حَالِهِمَا لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرِ الْعَصِيرُ وَالْخُبْزُ يَابِسٌ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: لَمْ يَتَسَنَّهْ يَعْنِي لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ، وَكَذَلِكَ التِّينُ وَالْعِنَبُ غَضٌّ لَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْ حَالِهِمَا، فَكَأَنَّهُ أَنْكَرَ فِي قَلْبِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ: أَنْكَرْتَ مَا قُلْتُ لَكَ ؟ انْظُرْ إِلَى حِمَارِكَ. فَنَظَرَ فَإِذَا حِمَارُهُ قَدْ بَلِيَتْ عِظَامُهُ وَصَارَتْ نَخِرَةً، فَنَادَى الْمَلَكُ عِظَامَ الْحِمَارِ، فَأَجَابَتْ وَأَقْبَلَتْ مِنْ كُلِّ نَاحِيَةٍ حَتَّى رَكَّبَهُ الْمَلَكُ، وَعُزَيْرٌ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أَلْبَسَهَا الْعُرُوقَ وَالْعَصَبَ، ثُمَّ كَسَاهَا اللَّحْمَ، ثُمَّ أَنْبَتَ عَلَيْهَا الْجِلْدَ وَالشَّعْرَ، ثُمَّ نَفَخَ فِيهِ الْمَلَكُ، فَقَامَ الْحِمَارُ رَافِعًا رَأْسَهُ وَأُذُنَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، نَاهِقًا يَظُنُّ الْقِيَامَةَ قَدْ قَامَتْ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: وَانْظُرْ إِلَى الْعِظَامِ كَيْفَ نُنْشِزُهَا ثُمَّ نَكْسُوهَا لَحْمًا [ الْبَقَرَةِ: 259 ]. يَعْنِي انْظُرْ إِلَى عِظَامِ حِمَارِكَ كَيْفَ نُرَكِّبُ بَعْضَهَا بَعْضًا فِي أَوْصَالِهَا، حَتَّى إِذَا صَارَتْ عِظَامًا مُصَوَّرًا حِمَارًا بِلَا لَحْمٍ، ثُمَّ انْظُرْ كَيْفَ نَكْسُوهَا لَحْمًا، فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ قَالَ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ مِنْ إِحْيَاءِ الْمَوْتَى وَغَيْرِهِ. قَالَ: فَرَكِبَ حِمَارَهُ حَتَّى أَتَى مَحِلَّتَهُ فَأَنْكَرَهُ النَّاسُ، وَأَنْكَرَ النَّاسَ، وَأَنْكَرَ مَنَازِلَهُمْ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَهَمٍ مِنْهُ، حَتَّى أَتَى مَنْزِلَهُ، فَإِذَا هُوَ بِعَجُوزٍ عَمْيَاءَ مُقْعَدَةٍ قَدْ أَتَى عَلَيْهَا مِائَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ سَنَةً، كَانَتْ أَمَةً لَهُمْ، فَخَرَجَ عَنْهُمْ عُزَيْرٌ وَهِيَ بِنْتُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً، كَانَتْ عَرَفَتْهُ وَعَقَلَتْهُ، فَلَمَّا أَصَابَهَا الْكِبَرُ أَصَابَهَا الزَّمَانَةُ فَقَالَ لَهَا عُزَيْرٌ: يَا هَذِهِ أَهَذَا مَنْزِلُ عُزَيْرٍ ؟ قَالَتْ: نَعَمْ هَذَا مَنْزِلُ عُزَيْرٍ. فَبَكَتْ وَقَالَتْ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا مِنْ كَذَا وَكَذَا سَنَةٍ يَذْكُرُ عُزَيْرًا وَقَدْ نَسِيَهُ النَّاسُ. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أَنَا عُزَيْرٌ، كَانَ اللَّهُ أَمَاتَنِي مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَنِي. قَالَتْ: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ! فَإِنَّ عُزَيْرًا قَدْ فَقَدْنَاهُ مُنْذُ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ، فَلَمْ نَسْمَعْ لَهُ بِذِكْرٍ. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي أَنَا عُزَيْرٌ. قَالَتْ: فَإِنَّ عُزَيْرًا رَجُلٌ مُسْتَجَابُ الدَّعْوَةِ، يَدْعُو لِلْمَرِيضِ وَلِصَاحِبِ الْبَلَاءِ بِالْعَافِيَةِ وَالشِّفَاءِ، فَادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ بَصَرِي حَتَّى أَرَاكَ، فَإِنْ كُنْتَ عُزَيْرًا عَرَفْتُكَ. قَالَ: فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ وَمَسَحَ بِيَدِهِ عَلَى عَيْنَيْهَا فَصَحَّتَا وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهَا وَقَالَ: قُومِي بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ. فَأَطْلَقَ اللَّهُ رِجْلَيْهَا، فَقَامَتْ صَحِيحَةً كَأَنَّمَا نَشِطَتْ مِنْ عِقَالٍ، فَنَظَرَتْ فَقَالَتْ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ عُزَيْرٌ وَانْطَلَقَتْ إِلَى مَحِلَّةِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَهُمْ فِي أَنْدِيَتِهِمْ وَمَجَالِسِهِمْ، وَابْنٌ لِعُزَيْرٍ شَيْخٌ ابْنُ مِائَةِ سَنَةٍ وَثَمَانِي عَشْرَ سَنَةً وَبَنُو بَنِيهِ شُيُوخٌ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ، فَنَادَتْهُمْ فَقَالَتْ: هَذَا عُزَيْرٌ قَدْ جَاءَكُمْ. فَكَذَّبُوهَا، فَقَالَتْ: أَنَا فُلَانَةٌ مَوْلَاتُكُمْ دَعَا لِي رَبَّهُ، فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ بَصَرِي وَأَطْلَقَ رِجْلَيَّ، وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَاتَهُ مِائَةَ سَنَةٍ ثُمَّ بَعَثَهُ. قَالَ: فَنَهَضَ النَّاسُ، فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَيْهِ، فَنَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ابْنُهُ: كَانَ لِأَبِي شَامَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ. فَكَشَفَ عَنْ كَتِفَيْهِ، فَإِذَا هُوَ عُزَيْرٌ فَقَالَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ: فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِينَا أَحَدٌ حَفِظَ التَّوْرَاةَ فِيمَا حُدِّثْنَا غَيْرُ عُزَيْرٍ وَقَدْ حَرَّقَ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ التَّوْرَاةَ وَلَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا مَا حَفِظَتِ الرِّجَالُ فَاكْتُبْهَا لَنَا. وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ سَرُوخَا قَدْ دَفَنَ التَّوْرَاةَ أَيَّامَ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ لَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ أَحَدٌ غَيْرُ عُزَيْرٍ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِمْ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ فَحَفَرَهُ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ التَّوْرَاةَ، وَكَانَ قَدْ عَفِنَ الْوَرَقُ، وَدَرَسَ الْكِتَابُ. قَالَ: وَجَلَسَ فِي ظِلِّ شَجَرَةٍ وَبَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ حَوْلَهُ، فَجَدَّدَ لَهُمُ التَّوْرَاةَ، وَنَزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ شِهَابَانِ، حَتَّى دَخَلَا جَوْفَهُ، فَتَذَكَّرَ التَّوْرَاةَ، فَجَدَّدَهَا لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ. فَمِنْ ثَمَّ قَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ: عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ - جَلَّ اللَّهُ وَعَزَّ - لِلَّذِي كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الشِّهَابَيْنِ وَتَجْدِيدِهِ التَّوْرَاةَ وَقِيَامِهِ بِأَمْرِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، وَكَانَ جَدَّدَ لَهُمُ التَّوْرَاةَ بِأَرْضِ السَّوَادِ بِدَيْرِ حَزْقِيلَ. وَالْقَرْيَةُ الَّتِي مَاتَ فِيهَا يُقَالُ لَهَا: سَايْرَابَاذَ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَكَانَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَلِنَجْعَلَكَ آيَةً لِلنَّاسِ يَعْنِي لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ. وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَجْلِسُ مَعَ بَنِيهِ وَهُمْ شُيُوخٌ وَهُوَ شَابٌّ ; لِأَنَّهُ مَاتَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً، فَبَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ شَابًّا، كَهَيْئَةِ يَوْمَ مَاتَ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: بُعِثَ بَعْدَ بُخْتُ نَصَّرَ. وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَ الْحَسَنُ. وَقَدْ أَنْشَدَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّ فِي مَعْنَى مَا قَالَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: وَأَسْوَدُ رَأْسٍ شَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ ابْنُهُ وَمِنْ قَبْلِهِ ابْنُ ابْنِهِ فَهْوَ أَكْبَرُ يَرَى ابْنَ ابْنِهِ شَيْخًا يَدِبُّ عَلَى عَصَا وَلِحْيَتُهُ سَوْدَاءُ وَالرَّأْسُ أَشْقَرُ وَمَا لِابْنِهِ حَيْلٌ وَلَا فَضْلُ قُوَّةٍ يَقُومُ كَمَا يَمْشِي الصَّبِيُّ فَيَعْثِرُ يُعَدَّ ابْنُهُ فِي النَّاسِ تِسْعِينَ حِجَّةً وَعِشْرِينَ لَا يَجْرِي وَلَا يَتَبَخْتَرُ وَعُمْرُ أَبْيهِ أَرْبَعُونَ أَمَرَّهَا وَلِابْنِ ابْنِهِ تِسْعُونَ فِي النَّاسِ غُبَّرُ فَمَا هُوَ فِي الْمَعْقُولِ إِنْ كُنْتَ دَارِيًا وَإِنَّ كُنْتَ لَا تَدْرِي فَبِالْجَهْلِ تُعْذَرُ
Translation
✧ And this is the story of ʿUzayr. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū al-Qāsim Ibn ʿAsākir said: He is ʿUzayr b. Ḥaywah, and it is said: b. Sūrayq b. ʿIrnā b. Ayyūb b. Dirithnā b. ʿArā b. Taqā b. al-Subūʿ b. Finḥāṣ b. al-ʿĀzir b. Hārūn b. ʿImrān. And it is said: ʿUzayr b. Shurūkhā. It is related in some traditions that his grave is in Damascus. Was ʿUzayr a prophet or not? On the authority of Ibn ʿAbbās, raised to the Prophet ﷺ: “I do not know whether Tubbaʿ was cursed or not, and I do not know whether ʿUzayr was a prophet or not.” And on the authority of ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām, that ʿUzayr is the servant whom Allah caused to die for a hundred years, then raised him. And it is said: ʿUzayr was a righteous, wise servant. He went out one day to an estate of his to tend to it. When he turned back, he came to a ruin at noon, when the heat struck him. He entered the ruin while he was on his donkey. He dismounted from his donkey, and with him was a basket containing figs and a basket containing grapes. He descended into the shade of that ruin, and brought out a bowl with him. He pressed some of the grapes that were with him into the bowl. Then he brought out dry bread with him and cast it into that bowl, into the juice, so that it might soften and he might eat it. Then he lay on his back, propped his feet against the wall, and looked at the ceiling of those houses and saw what was in them, and they were standing on their trellises, while their people had perished. He saw decayed bones and said: “How will Allah bring this to life after its death?” He did not doubt that Allah would bring it to life, but he said it in wonder. So Allah sent the angel of death, and he seized his soul. Allah caused him to die for a hundred years. When a hundred years had passed over him, and during that interval there had been matters and events among the Children of Israel, he said: Allah sent to ʿUzayr an angel, and He created his heart so that he might reason with it, and his eyes so that he might see with them, so that he might understand how Allah revives the dead. Then He assembled his creation while he was looking. Then He clothed his bones with flesh, hair, and skin. Then He breathed the spirit into him, all of this while he was seeing and reasoning. He sat up straight. The angel said to him: “How long did you tarry?” He said: “I tarried a day or part of a day.” That was because he had slept at the beginning of the day, around noon, and he was resurrected at the end of the day, while the sun had not set. He said: “or part of a day,” and a day was not completed for me. The angel said to him: “Rather, you tarried a hundred years. Look at your food and your drink”—meaning the food: the dry bread, and his drink: the juice that he had pressed into the bowl. And behold, they were in their same state; the juice and the bread had not changed, the bread was still dry. That is His saying: “it has not changed” (lam yatasannah), meaning it has not altered. Likewise, the figs and grapes were fresh, unchanged in any of their condition. It was as if he felt denial in his heart. The angel said to him: “Do you deny what I told you? Look at your donkey.” So he looked, and behold, his donkey's bones had decayed and become crumbled. The angel called to the bones of the donkey, and they responded and came from every direction, until the angel reassembled them, while ʿUzayr was looking at it. Then he clothed them with veins and sinews. Then he covered them with flesh. Then he grew upon them skin and hair. Then the angel breathed into it, and the donkey stood up, raising its head and ears to the sky, braying, thinking the Resurrection had come. That is His saying: “And look at the bones, how We raise them up and then clothe them with flesh” [al-Baqarah: 259]. Meaning: look at the bones of your donkey, how We join them one to another in their joints, until they become bones formed as a donkey without flesh. Then look at how We clothe them with flesh. When it became clear to him, he said: “I know that Allah is over all things competent,” from reviving the dead and other than that. He said: So he mounted his donkey until he came to his place. The people did not recognize him, and he did not recognize the people, and he did not recognize their dwellings. He went on, uncertain of himself, until he came to his house. There he found a blind, crippled old woman, over whom one hundred and twenty years had passed. She had been a slave-girl of theirs. ʿUzayr had departed from them when she was twenty years old; she had known him and had reason. When old age came upon her, chronic illness afflicted her. ʿUzayr said to her: “O this one, is this the dwelling of ʿUzayr?” She said: “Yes, this is the dwelling of ʿUzayr.” She wept and said: “I have not seen anyone for such-and-such years mention ʿUzayr, and the people have forgotten him.” He said: “Then I am ʿUzayr. Allah caused me to die for a hundred years, then raised me.” She said: “Glory be to Allah! For we have missed ʿUzayr for a hundred years, and we have not heard any mention of him.” He said: “I am indeed ʿUzayr.” She said: “ʿUzayr was a man whose supplication was answered. He would pray for the sick and the afflicted for well-being and healing. So pray to Allah to restore my sight so that I may see you. If you are ʿUzayr, I will recognize you.” He said: So he called upon his Lord and wiped his hand over her eyes, and they were healed. He took her by the hand and said: “Rise, by Allah's permission.” Allah released her legs, and she stood sound, as if she had been loosed from a tether. She looked and said: “I bear witness that you are ʿUzayr.” She went off to the quarter of the Children of Israel, while they were in their assemblies and gatherings. A son of ʿUzayr was an old man of one hundred and eighteen years, and his grandsons were elders in the gathering. She called to them and said: “This is ʿUzayr who has come to you.” They called her a liar. She said: “I am so-and-so, your freedwoman. He prayed to his Lord for me, and He restored my sight and released my legs. He claims that Allah caused him to die for a hundred years, then raised him.” He said: So the people rose and came to him. They looked at him, and his son said: “My father had a black mole between his shoulders.” So he uncovered his shoulders, and behold, he was ʿUzayr. The Children of Israel said: “There has been no one among us who memorized the Torah, as we have been told, other than ʿUzayr. Bukht Naṣṣar [Nebuchadnezzar] burned the Torah, and nothing of it remained except what men had memorized. So write it down for us.” His father Sarūkhā had buried the Torah in the days of Bukht Naṣṣar in a place that no one knew except ʿUzayr. So he went with them to that place and dug it up and brought out the Torah. The paper had rotted and the writing was effaced. He said: He sat in the shade of a tree, with the Children of Israel around him, and he renewed the Torah for them. Two meteors descended from the sky until they entered his interior, and he remembered the Torah and renewed it for the Children of Israel. From that, the Jews said: “ʿUzayr is the son of Allah”—may Allah be exalted and glorified—because of the matter of the two meteors and his renewal of the Torah and his undertaking of the affairs of the Children of Israel. He renewed the Torah for them in the land of al-Sawād, at the monastery of Ḥazqīl. The village in which he died is called Sāyirābādh. Ibn ʿAbbās said: It was as Allah, exalted is He, said: “and so that We may make you a sign for the people” [al-Baqarah: 259], meaning for the Children of Israel. That was because he would sit with his sons while they were elders and he was a youth, for he had died at the age of forty years, and Allah raised him as a young man, in the likeness of the day he died. Ibn ʿAbbās said: He was raised after Bukht Naṣṣar. Likewise al-Ḥasan said. Abū Ḥātim al-Sijistānī recited poetry in the meaning of what Ibn ʿAbbās said: A black-haired man whose son turned gray before him, and before him his son's son, so he is the elder. He sees his son's son an old man creeping on a staff, while his beard is black and the head is reddish. His son has no strength nor surplus of power; he rises as a boy walks, and he stumbles. His son is counted among the people as ninety years and twenty, not running nor strutting. His father's age was forty, which he passed through, while his son's son has ninety years among the people, remaining. What is he in reason, if you are knowledgeable? And if you do not know, then by ignorance you are excused.
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