Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1838
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
فَصْلٌ فِي مَوْلِدِهِ، وَمَنْشَئِهِ وُلِدَ بَعْدَ مَوْلِدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِسَنَتَيْنِ وَأَشْهُرٍ ; فَإِنَّهُ مَاتَ وَلَهُ ثَلَاثٌ وَسِتُّونَ سَنَةً. قَالَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ: (وَأَمَّا مَا أَخْرَجَهُ خَلِيفَةُ بْنُ خَيَّاطٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْأَصَمِّ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ: «أَنَا أَكْبَرُ أَوْ أَنْتَ؟» قَالَ: «أَنْتَ أَكْبَرُ وَأَنَا أَسَنُّ مِنْكَ».. فَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ غَرِيبٌ جِدًّا، وَالْمَشْهُورُ خِلَافُهُ، وَإِنَّمَا صَحَّ ذَلِكَ عَنِ الْعَبَّاسِ). وَكَانَ مَنْشَؤُهُ بِمَكَّةَ، لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا لِتِجَارَةٍ، وَكَانَ ذَا مَالٍ جَزِيلٍ فِي قَوْمِهِ، وَمُرُوءَةٍ تَامَّةٍ، وَإِحْسَانٍ وَتَفَضُّلٍ فِيهِمْ، كَمَا قَالَ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ: (إِنَّكَ لَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ، وَتَصْدُقُ الْحَدِيثَ، وَتُكْسِبُ الْمَعْدُومَ، وَتُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الدَّهْرِ، وَتَقْرِي الضَّيْفَ). قَالَ النَّوَوِيُّ: (وَكَانَ مِنْ رُؤَسَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَأَهْلِ مُشَاوَرَتِهِمْ، وَمُحَبَّبًا فِيهِمْ، وَمَأْلَفًا لَهُمْ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ الْإِسْلَامُ.. آثَرَهُ عَلَى مَا سِوَاهُ، وَدَخَلَ فِيهِ أَكْمَلَ دُخُولٍ). وَعَنْ مَعْرُوفِ بْنِ خَرَّبُوذَ قَالَ:) إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ أَحَدُ عَشَرَةٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ اتَّصَلَ لَهُمْ شَرَفُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ بِشَرَفِ الْإِسْلَامِ، فَكَانَ إِلَيْهِ أَمْرُ الدِّيَاتِ وَالْغُرْمِ)، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ قُرَيْشًا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا مَلِكٌ تَرْجِعُ الْأُمُورُ كُلُّهَا إِلَيْهِ، بَلْ كَانَ فِي كُلِّ قَبِيلَةٍ وِلَايَةٌ عَامَّةٌ تَكُونُ لِرَئِيسِهَا. فَكَانَتْ فِي بَنِي هَاشِمٍ السِّقَايَةُ، وَالرِّفَادَةُ، وَمَعْنَى ذَلِكَ: أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْكُلُ وَلَا يَشْرَبُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا مِنْ طَعَامِهِمْ وَشَرَابِهِمْ. وَكَانَتْ فِي بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ: الْحِجَابَةُ، وَاللِّوَاءُ، وَالنَّدْوَةُ، أَيْ: لَا يَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِمْ، وَإِذَا عَقَدَتْ قُرَيْشٌ رَايَةَ حَرْبٍ.. عَقَدَهَا لَهُمْ بَنُو عَبْدِ الدَّارِ، وَإِذَا اجْتَمَعُوا لِأَمْرٍ إِبْرَامًا أَوْ نَقْضًا لَا يَكُونُ اجْتِمَاعُهُمْ لِذَلِكَ إِلَّا فِي دَارِ النَّدْوَةِ، وَلَا يَنْفُذُ إِلَّا بِهَا، وَكَانَتْ لِبَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ.
Translation
✧ Section On his birth and upbringing He was born two years and some months after the birth of the Prophet ﷺ; for he died at the age of sixty-three. Ibn Kathīr said: (As for what Khalīfa b. Khayyāṭ transmitted from Yazīd b. al-Aṣamm: that the Prophet ﷺ said to Abū Bakr, “Am I older or are you?” He said, “You are older, and I am older than you in years”.. it is a very strange mursal report, and the well-known is contrary to it. That only is authentically established from al-ʿAbbās). His upbringing was in Makkah; he did not leave it except for trade. He possessed great wealth among his people, complete manliness, and kindness and generosity toward them, as Ibn al-Daghina said: (You maintain ties of kinship, speak truthfully, provide for the destitute, help in the calamities of time, and host guests). Al-Nawawī said: (He was among the chiefs of Quraysh in the Jāhiliyya, their counselors, beloved among them, and a source of familiarity for them. When Islam came.. he preferred it over all else, and entered it with the most complete entry). From Maʿrūf b. Kharrbūdh, who said:) Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ؓ was one of ten men of Quraysh for whom the nobility of the Jāhiliyya was joined to the nobility of Islam. To him belonged the matter of blood monies and fines), because Quraysh had no king to whom all affairs reverted; rather, in every clan there was a general authority belonging to its chief. Among the Banū Hāshim were the watering of pilgrims and the provision of food, the meaning of which is that no one ate or drank except from their food and drink. Among the Banū ʿAbd al-Dār were the guarding of the Kaʿba, the banner, and the assembly hall, that is: no one entered the House except by their permission; when Quraysh tied a war banner.. the Banū ʿAbd al-Dār tied it for them; and when they gathered to decide a matter, whether to confirm or annul it, their gathering for that was only in the assembly hall, and nothing was effective except through it. And it belonged to the Banū ʿAbd al-Dār.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.