Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1837
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
ذِكْرُ خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ وَأَحْوَالِهِ ذِكْرُ اسْمِهِ وَنَسَبِهِ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ، وَاسْمُهُ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ، وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا بَكْرٍ. وَأُمُّهُ أُمُّ الْخَيْرِ سَلْمَى بِنْتُ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ. قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ الْبَرَاءِ وُلِدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِمِنًى. وَفِي تَسْمِيَتِهِ بِعَتِيقٍ ثَلَاثَةُ أَقْوَالٍ: أَحَدُهُمَا: عَنْ عَائِشَةَ: أَنَّهَا سُئِلَتْ: لِمَ سُمِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَتِيقًا؟ فَقَالَتْ: نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: "هَذَا عَتِيقُ اللَّهِ مِنَ النَّارِ". قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ: وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِنْتِ طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، قَالَتْ: إِنَّنِي لَفِي بَيْتِي وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ فِي الْفِنَاءِ وَبَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمُ السِّتْرُ، إِذْ أَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى عَتِيقٍ مِنَ النَّارِ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى هَذَا". [قَالَتْ:] وَإِنَّ اسْمَهُ الَّذِي سَمَّاهُ بِهِ أَهْلُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ [بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو]، لَكِنْ غَلَبَ عَلَيْهِ عَتِيقٌ. وَالثَّانِي: أَنَّهُ اسْمُهُ، سَمَّتْهُ بِهِ أُمُّهُ. قَالَهُ مُوسَى بْنُ طَلْحَةَ. وَالثَّالِثُ: أَنَّهُ سُمِّيَ بِهِ لِجَمَالِ وَجْهِهِ. قَالَهُ اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ قُتَيْبَةَ: لَقَّبَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ لِجَمَالِ وَجْهِهِ. وَسَمَّاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ صِدِّيقًا، قَالَ: "يَكُونُ بَعْدِي اثْنَا عَشَرَ خَلِيفَةً، أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصَّدِّيقُ لَا يَلْبَثُ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا". وَكَانَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَحْلِفُ بِاللَّهِ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَ اسْمَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ الصِّدِّيقَ. عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَيْلَةَ أُسْرِيَ بِهِ لِجِبْرِيلَ: "إِنَّ قَوْمِي لَا يُصَدِّقُونِي"، فَقَالَ لَهُ جِبْرِيلُ: يُصَدِّقُكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَهُوَ الصِّدِّيقُ.
Translation
✧ Mention of the caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq and his circumstances; mention of his name and lineage His name is ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Quḥāfah, whose name is ʿUthmān b. ʿĀmir b. ʿAmr b. Kaʿb b. Saʿd b. Taym b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy, and he is given the kunyah Abū Bakr. His mother is Umm al-Khayr Salmā bt. Ṣakhr b. ʿĀmir. Abū al-Ḥasan b. al-Barāʾ said: Abū Bakr was born at Minā. Regarding his being named ʿAtīq there are three statements: One of them is from ʿĀʾishah: that she was asked, “Why was Abū Bakr ؓ named ʿAtīq?” She said, “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at him and said, ‘This is Allah’s ʿAtīq from the Fire.’” Muḥammad b. Saʿd said: And from ʿĀʾishah bt. Ṭalḥah, from ʿĀʾishah the Mother of the Believers, she said: “I was in my house while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions were in the courtyard, with the curtain between me and them, when Abū Bakr came. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ‘Whoever is pleased to look at one who is freed (ʿatīq) from the Fire, let him look at this man.’” [She said:] “And his name which his family gave him is ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUthmān [b. ʿĀmir b. ʿAmr], but ʿAtīq predominated over it.” The second is that it is his name, given to him by his mother. This was said by Mūsā b. Ṭalḥah. The third is that he was named that because of the beauty of his face. This was said by al-Layth b. Saʿd. Ibn Qutaybah said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave him that title because of the beauty of his face. The Prophet ﷺ named him Ṣiddīq, saying: “After me there will be twelve caliphs; Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq will remain only a little while.” ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib used to swear by Allah that Allah sent down the name of Abū Bakr from heaven as al-Ṣiddīq. From Abū Hurayrah: that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the night he was taken on the Night Journey to Jibrīl, “My people will not believe me.” Jibrīl said to him, “Abū Bakr will believe you, and he is al-Ṣiddīq.”
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.