Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1788
The wives of the Prophet, blessings and peace of Allah be upon him, and ᴿᴬ
[ زَوَاجُهُ بِسَوْدَةِ ] وَتَزَوَّجَ ﷺ سَوْدَةَ بِنْتَ زَمْعَةَ بْنِ قَيْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدِّ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ حَسْلِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ، وَكَانَتْ قَبْلَهُ تَحْتَ السَّكْرَانِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ، مَاتَ عَنْهَا مُسْلِمًا بَعْدَ رُجُوعِهِ وَإِيَّاهَا مِنْ أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ؓ. فَلَمَّا حَلَّتْ خَطَبَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ الْعَقْدِ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ ؓ ثُمَّ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي السَّنَةِ الْعَاشِرَةِ أَوْ (الثَّامِنَةِ ) مِنَ النُّبُوَّةِ، وَدَخَلَ بِهَا بِمَكَّةَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِ خَدِيجَةَ ؓ، قَالَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ: وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ عَقَدَ عَلَيْهَا قَبْلَ سَوْدَةَ، وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِعَائِشَةَ إِلَّا فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ، وَأَمَّا سَوْدَةُ فَإِنَّهُ دَخَلَ بِهَا بِمَكَّةَ، وَسَبَقَهُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ وَجَزَمَ بِهِ الْجُمْهُورُ، وَمِنْهُمْ قَتَادَةُ، وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَعْمَرُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَالزُّهْرِيُّ فِي رِوَايَةِ عُقَيْلٍ، وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُقَيْلٍ: تَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ عَائِشَةَ. وَرُوِيَ الْقَوْلَانِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، وَقَالَ يُونُسُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ عَنْهُ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَزَوَّجَ سَوْدَةَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، قُلْتُ: وَهِيَ رِوَايَةٌ شَاذَّةٌ وَقَعَ فِيهَا وَهْمٌ، وَالصَّحِيحُ: أَنَّهَا عَائِشَةُ لَا سَوْدَةُ كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ، وَتَقَدَّمَ فِي مَنَاقِبِ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّ خَوْلَةَ بِنْتَ حَكِيمٍ امْرَأَةَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ - ؓ وَعَنْهَا - أَشَارَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: بِزَوَاجِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاذْكُرِيهَا عَلَيَّ فَذَهَبَتْ إِلَى سَوْدَةَ وَأَبِيهَا فَقُلْتُ: مَاذَا أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ، فَقَالَتْ: وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ قَالَتْ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَنِي إِلَيْكِ لِأَخْطُبَكِ عَلَيْهِ، قَالَتْ: وَدِدْتُ ذَلِكَ وَلَكِنِ ادْخُلِي عَلَى أَبِي، وَاذْكُرِي لَهُ ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا قَدْ أَدْرَكَتْهُ السِّنُّ، فَحَيَّيْتُهُ بِتَحِيَّةِ أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَقُلْتُ: أَنْعَمَ صَبَاحَكَ، فَقَالَ: وَمَنْ أَنْتِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ: خَوْلَةُ فَرَحَّبَ بِي، وَقَالَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ. قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: إِنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ يَذْكُرُ ابْنَتَكَ، قَالَ: هُوَ كُفْءٌ كَرِيمٌ، فَمَا تَقُولُ صَاحِبَتُكِ ؟ قُلْتُ: تُحِبُّ ذَاكَ، قَالَ: قُولِي لَهُ فَلْيَأْتِ، قَالَتْ: فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَلَكَهَا وَقَدِمَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ فَوَجَدَ أُخْتَهُ قَدْ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَحَثَا التُّرَابَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ، فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ، قَالَ: إِنِّي لَسَفِيهٌ يَوْمَ أَحْثُو التُّرَابَ عَلَى رَأْسِي أَنْ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أُخْتِي. رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِرِجَالٍ ثِقَاتٍ وَالْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ بِسَنَدٍ جَيِّدٍ وَعُمَرُ الْمُلَّا وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ: كَانَتْ سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ تَحْتَ السَّكْرَانِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَرَأَتْ فِي الْمَنَامِ كَأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَقْبَلَ يَمْشِي حَتَّى وَطِئَ عُنُقَهَا، فَأَخْبَرَتْ زَوْجَهَا بِذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ لَئِنْ صَدَّقَتْ رُؤْيَاكِ لَأَمُوتَنَّ وَلَيَتَزَوَّجَنَّكِ مُحَمَّدٌ ثُمَّ رَأَتْ فِي الْمَنَامِ لَيْلَةً أُخْرَى أَنَّ قَمَرًا انْقَضَّ عَلَيْهَا، [مِنَ السَّمَاءِ ] وَهِيَ مُضْطَجِعَةٌ فَأَخْبَرَتْ زَوْجَهَا فَقَالَ: إِنْ صَدَقَتْ رُؤْيَاكِ، لَمْ أَلْبَثْ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى أَمُوتَ وَتَتَزَوَّجِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِي فَاشْتَكَى السَّكْرَانُ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى مَاتَ، وَتَزَوَّجَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - ﷺ. وزَوَّجَهُ إيَّاهَا سَلِيطُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، وَيُقَالُ أَبُو حَاطِبِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ وُدِّ بْنِ نَصْرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ حِسْلٍ وَأَصْدَقَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ مِئَةِ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ يُخَالِفُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ، يَذْكُرُ أَنَّ سَلِيطًا وَأَبَا حَاطِبٍ كَانَا غَائِبَيْنِ بِأَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ فِي هَذَا الْوَقْتِ.
Translation
✧ [ His marriage to Sawdah ] And he ﷺ married Sawdah bt. Zamʿah b. Qays b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Wudd b. Naṣr b. Mālik b. Ḥasl b. ʿĀmir b. Luʾayy. Before him, she was under al-Sakrān b. ʿAmr, brother of Suhayl b. ʿAmr b. ʿAbd Shams. He died from her as a Muslim after he and she returned from the land of Abyssinia to Makkah ؓ. When she became lawful, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ proposed to her after the contract with ʿĀʾishah ؓ. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ married her in the tenth or (eighth) year of prophethood, and he consummated the marriage with her in Makkah after the death of Khadījah ؓ. Ibn Kathīr said: The correct view is that he contracted ʿĀʾishah before Sawdah, and he did not consummate with ʿĀʾishah except in the second year of the Hijrah. As for Sawdah, he consummated with her in Makkah. Abū Nuʿaym preceded him in this, and the majority asserted it, among them Qatādah, Abū ʿUbaydah Maʿmar b. al-Muthannā, and al-Zuhrī in the narration of ʿUqayl. ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. ʿUqayl said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ married her after ʿĀʾishah. Both opinions were narrated from Ibn Shihāb, and Yūnus b. Yazīd narrated from him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ married Sawdah in Madinah. I [Ibn Kathīr] say: This is an anomalous narration in which an error occurred. The correct view is that it was ʿĀʾishah, not Sawdah, as previously mentioned. It was previously mentioned in the merits of ʿĀʾishah ؓ that Khawlah bt. Ḥakīm, wife of ʿUthmān b. Maẓʿūn — ؓ and from her — suggested to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he marry her. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Mention her to me.” So she went to Sawdah and her father and said: “What good and blessing has Allah brought to you!” She said: “And what is that?” She said: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to you to propose to you on his behalf.” She said: “I would love that, but go in to my father and mention that to him.” He was a very old man who had reached advanced age. So I greeted him with the greeting of the people of the Jāhiliyyah and said: “May your morning be pleasant.” He said: “Who are you?” I said: “Khawlah.” He welcomed me and said what Allah willed him to say. She said: I said: “Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib mentions your daughter.” He said: “He is a suitable, noble match. What does your companion say?” I said: “She would love that.” He said: “Tell him to come.” She said: So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and contracted the marriage with her. Then ʿAbd Allāh b. Zamʿah arrived and found that his sister had married the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he threw dust on his head. When he embraced Islam, he said: “I was foolish on the day I threw dust on my head because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ married my sister.” Al-Ṭabarānī narrated it with trustworthy narrators, and Imam Aḥmad from ʿĀʾishah with a good chain, and ʿUmar al-Mullā. Ibn Saʿd narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās ؓ who said: Sawdah bt. Zamʿah was under al-Sakrān b. ʿAmr, brother of Suhayl b. ʿAmr. She saw in a dream as if the Prophet ﷺ came walking until he stepped on her neck. She told her husband about that, and he said: “If your vision is true, I will surely die and Muḥammad will surely marry you.” Then she saw in another dream that a moon fell upon her [from the sky] while she was lying down. She told her husband, and he said: “If your vision is true, I will not remain except a short while until I die and you marry after me.” Then al-Sakrān fell ill that very day and did not remain except a little while until he died, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ married her. Salīṭ b. ʿAmr gave her in marriage to him, and it is said Abū Ḥāṭib b. ʿAmr b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Wudd b. Naṣr b. Mālik b. Ḥisl. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave her a dowry of four hundred dirhams. Ibn Hishām said: Ibn Isḥāq contradicts this report; he mentions that Salīṭ and Abū Ḥāṭib were absent in the land of Abyssinia at this time.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.