Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1633
The Farewell Pilgrimage
لَا خِلَافَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَحُجَّ بَعْدَ هِجْرَتِهِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ سِوَى حَجَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَهِيَ حَجَّةُ الْوَدَاعِ، وَلَا خِلَافَ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ سَنَةَ عَشْرٍ. وَاخْتُلِفَ: هَلْ حَجَّ قَبْلَ الْهِجْرَةِ ؟ فَرَوَى الترمذي، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ قَالَ: ( حَجَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثَلَاثَ حِجَجٍ : حَجَّتَيْنِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُهَاجِرَ، وَحَجَّةً بَعْدَمَا هَاجَرَ مَعَهَا عُمْرَةٌ ). قَالَ الترمذي: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سفيان. قَالَ وَسَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا - يَعْنِي الْبُخَارِيَّ - عَنْ هَذَا، فَلَمْ يَعْرِفْهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الثَّوْرِيِّ، وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لَا يُعَدُّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مَحْفُوظًا. فَائِدَةٌ: قَالَ فِي «زَادِ الْمَعَادِ»: دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ بَعْدَ الْهِجْرَةِ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ، سِوَى الْمَرَّةِ الْأُولَى، فَإِنَّهُ وَصَلَ إِلَى الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَصُدَّ عَنِ الدُّخُولِ إِلَيْهَا أَحْرَمَ فِي أَرْبَعٍ مِنْهُنَّ مِنَ الْمِيقَاتِ لَا قَبْلَهُ فَأَحْرَمَ عَامَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ مِنْ ذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَهَا الْمَرَّةَ الثَّانِيَةَ فَقَضَى عُمْرَتَهُ، وَأَقَامَ بِهَا ثَلَاثًا، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَهَا الْمَرَّةَ الثَّالِثَةَ، عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي رَمَضَانَ بِغَيْرِ إِحْرَامٍ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْهَا إِلَى حُنَيْنٍ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَهَا الْمَرَّةَ الرَّابِعَةَ بِعُمَرَةٍ مِنَ الْجِعْرَانَةِ، وَدَخَلَهَا فِي هَذِهِ الْعُمَرَةِ لَيْلًا وَخَرَجَ لَيْلًا فَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْجِعْرَانَةِ لِيَعْتَمِرَ، كَمَا يَفْعَلُ أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ الْيَوْمَ، الْمَرَّةَ الْخَامِسَةَ فِي حِجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ.
Translation
✧ There is no disagreement that he did not perform the pilgrimage after his emigration to Madinah except a single pilgrimage, which is the Farewell Pilgrimage, and there is no disagreement that it was in the year ten. It is disputed: did he perform the pilgrimage before the emigration? Al-Tirmidhī narrated, from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh ؓ who said: (The Prophet ﷺ performed three pilgrimages: two pilgrimages before he emigrated, and one pilgrimage after he emigrated, along with a ʿumrah). Al-Tirmidhī said: This is a strange ḥadīth from the ḥadīth of Sufyān. He said: And I asked Muḥammad—meaning al-Bukhārī—about this, but he did not recognize it from the ḥadīth of al-Thawrī, and in one narration this ḥadīth is not considered preserved. Benefit: He said in "Zād al-Maʿād": The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Makkah after the emigration five times, besides the first time, for he reached al-Ḥudaybiyah and was prevented from entering it. He entered the state of iḥrām in four of them from the mīqāt, not before it. He entered iḥrām in the year of al-Ḥudaybiyah from Dhū al-Ḥulayfah, then he entered it the second time and fulfilled his ʿumrah, and stayed there three days, then left. Then he entered it the third time, in the year of the conquest, in Ramaḍān, without iḥrām, then he left it for Ḥunayn. Then he entered it the fourth time for ʿumrah from al-Jiʿrānah, and he entered it during this ʿumrah at night and left at night, so he did not leave Makkah for al-Jiʿrānah to perform ʿumrah, as the people of Makkah do today. The fifth time was in the Farewell Pilgrimage.
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