Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1580
Mention of Year Nine and Its Designation as the Year of Delegations
فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ تُوُفِّيَتْ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَزَوْجُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ، كَمَا تُوُفِّيَ أَيْضًا النَّجَاشِيُّ ؓ وَنَعَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ. وَتُسَمَّى هَذِهِ السَّنَةُ بِعَامِ الْوُفُودِ لِكَثْرَةِ مَا جَاءَ فِيهَا مِنَ الْوُفُودِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُبَايِعِينَ. وَكَانَ مِنْ أَبْرَزِ هَذِهِ الْوُفُودِ: وَفْدُ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ، وَفِيهِمْ نَزَلَتْ آيَاتٌ مِنْ سُورَةِ الْحُجُرَاتِ، وَوَفْدُ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ وَبَنِي عُذْرَةَ، وَبَنِي كِلَابٍ، وَبَنِي أَسَدٍ، وَبَنِي تُجِيبَ، وَبَنِي فَزَارَةَ، وَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ ﷺ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فِي وَفْدِ كِنْدَةَ، وَزَيْدٌ الْخَيْلُ فِي وَفْدِ طَيِّءٍ، كَمَا جَاءَهُ عَدِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ مُسْلِمًا، وَعَمْرُو بْنُ مَعْدِ يكَرِبَ فِي أُنَاسٍ مِنْ بَنِي زُبَيْدٍ، وَصُرَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَزْدِيُّ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ ثُمَّ قُدُومِ أَهْلِ جُرَشَ بَعْدَهُمْ، وَفَرْوَةَ بْنِ مُسَيْكٍ الْمُرَادِيِّ، وَرِفَاعَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الْجُذَامِيِّ، وَجَاءَ وَفْدُ بَلِيٍّ وَبَهْرَاءَ، وَبَارِقٍ، وَالدَّارَيْنِ، وَالْبَكَّاءِ، وَبَاهِلَةَ، وَهَمْدَانَ. كَمَا كَانَ فِيهَا إِسْلَامُ بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، وَبَعْثُ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ، وَفَرْوَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْجُذَامِيِّ صَاحِبِ بِلَادِ مَعَانٍ. وَفِيهَا أَيْضًا أَرْسَلَ الرَّسُولُ ﷺ مُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ وَأَوْصَاهُ بِهِمْ. وَقَدْ وَفَدَ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ وَأَرْبَدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ وَقَدْ نَوَيَا الْغَدْرَ فَحَالَ اللَّهُ دُونَ ذَلِكَ فَطُعِنَ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ، وَضُرِبَتْ صَاعِقَةُ أَرْبَدَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ فَهَلَكَ. كَمَا كَانَ مِنْ أَبْرَزَ الْوُفُودِ الَّتِي جَاءَتْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَفْدُ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ قَوْمُ مُسَيْلِمَةَ الْكَذَّابِ وَهُوَ فِيهِمْ، وَكَانُوا قَدْ خَلَّفُوهُ فِي رِحَالِهِمْ يَحْفَظُهَا وَسَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَنْ يُعْطِيَهُ كَمَا أَعْطَى الْوَفْدَ فَقَالَ ﷺ: «أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِشَرِّكُمْ مَكَانًا» يَعْنِي لِحِفْظِهِ ضَيْعَةَ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرُوا مُسَيْلِمَةَ بِمَا قَالَ ﷺ وَرَجَعَ مَعَ قَوْمِهِ ارْتَدَّ وَتَنَبَّأَ وَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ إِنَّمَا قَالَ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ لِأَنَّهُ عَلِمَ أَنَّهُ شَرِيكٌ لَهُ فِي الْأَمْرِ وَظَلَّ يُلْقِي عَلَيْهِمْ مِمَّا يُوحِيهِ إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنَ الْخِطَابِ الْمَسْجُوعِ. وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «بَيْنَا أَنَا نَائِمٌ أُتِيتُ بِخَزَائِنِ الْأَرْضِ فَوُضِعَ فِي كَفِّي سِوَارَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَكَبُرَا عَلَيَّ فَأُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَنْفُخَهُمَا فَنَفَخْتُهُمَا فَذَهَبَا، فَأَوَّلْتُهُمَا الْكَذَّابَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ أَنَا بَيْنَهُمَا صَاحِبُ صَنْعَاءَ وَصَاحِبُ الْيَمَامَةِ »
Translation
✧ In this year Umm Kulthūm bt. the Prophet ﷺ, the wife of ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān ؓ, died, and the Negus ؓ also died, and the Prophet ﷺ announced his death to the Muslims. This year is called the Year of Delegations because of the many delegations that came to the Prophet ﷺ to pledge allegiance. Among the most prominent of these delegations were: the delegation of Banū Tamīm, concerning whom verses from Sūrat al-Ḥujurāt were revealed; the delegation of ʿAbd al-Qays; Banū ʿUdhrah; Banū Kilāb; Banū Asad; Banū Tujīb; and Banū Fazārah. Al-Ashʿath b. Qays came to him ﷺ in the delegation of Kindah, and Zayd al-Khayl in the delegation of Ṭayyiʾ. ʿAdī b. Ḥātim also came to him as a Muslim, and ʿAmr b. Maʿdīkarib among people of Banū Zubayd, and Ṣurad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Azdī among a group of his people, then the arrival of the people of Jurash after them, and Farwah b. Musayk al-Murādī, and Rifāʿah b. Zayd al-Judhāmī. And there came the delegation of Balī, Bahrāʾ, Bāriq, al-Dārayn, al-Bakkāʾ, Bāhilah, and Hamdān. Also in it was the conversion of Banū al-Ḥārith b. Kaʿb, the dispatch of ʿAmr b. Ḥazm to Yemen, and Farwah b. ʿAmr al-Judhāmī, the lord of the land of Maʿān. In it also the Messenger ﷺ sent Muʿādh to Yemen and enjoined him regarding them. In this year, ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl and Arbad b. Qays came as a delegation to the Prophet ﷺ intending treachery, but Allah prevented that. ʿĀmir b. al-Ṭufayl was struck with a plague, and Arbad b. Qays was struck by a thunderbolt and perished. Among the most prominent delegations that came to the Prophet ﷺ was the delegation of Banū Ḥanīfah, the people of Musaylimah the liar, and he was among them. They had left him behind with their baggage to guard it, and they asked the Prophet ﷺ to give him as he had given the delegation. He ﷺ said: "Indeed he is not the worst of you in standing," meaning because of his guarding the property of his companions. When they informed Musaylimah of what he ﷺ said, and he returned with his people, he apostatized and claimed prophethood, and told them that the Prophet ﷺ had said that only because he knew that he was a partner with him in the matter. He kept reciting to them rhymed pronouncements inspired to him by Satan. In the two Ṣaḥīḥs from the ḥadīth of Abū Hurayrah ؓ, he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "While I was sleeping, I was brought the treasures of the earth, and two bracelets of gold were placed in my palm, and they weighed heavily upon me. It was revealed to me to blow on them, so I blew on them and they vanished. I interpreted them as the two liars between whom I am: the lord of Ṣanʿāʾ and the lord of al-Yamāmah."
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