Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1439
The Conquest of Makkah
إِسْلَامِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ وَالِدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ - ؓ رَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ، وَالطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِرِجَالٍ ثِقَاتٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ قَالَتْ: لَمَّا كَانَ عَامُ الْفَتْحِ، وَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذِي طُوًى، قَالَ أَبُو قُحَافَةَ لِابْنَةٍ لَهُ - قَالَ الْبَلَاذُرِيُّ - - اسْمُهَا أَسْمَاءُ، قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ تُسَمَّى: قَرِيبَةَ - ضِدَّ بَعِيدَةٍ، كَانَتْ مِنْ أَصْغَرِ وَلَدِهِ: يَا بُنَيَّةُ، أَشْرِفِي بِي عَلَى أَبِي قَبِيسٍ - وَقَدْ كُفَّ بَصَرُهُ - فَأَشْرَفَتْ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: أَيْ بُنَيَّةُ!! مَاذَا تَرَيْنَ ؟ ” قَالَتْ: أَرَى سَوَادًا مُجْتَمِعًا كَثِيرًا، وَأَرَى رَجُلًا يَشْتَدُّ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ السَّوَادِ مُقْبِلًا وَمُدْبِرًا، فَقَالَ: ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ الْوَازِعُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: مَاذَا تَرَيْنَ ؟ قَالَتْ: أَرَى السَّوَادَ قَدِ انْتَشَرَ وَتَفَرَّقَ، فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ إِذَنِ انْتَشَرَتِ الْخَيْلُ، فَأَسْرِعِي بِي إِلَى بَيْتِي، فَخَرَجَتْ سَرِيعًا حَتَّى إِذَا هَبَطَتْ بِهِ الْأَبْطَحَ لَقِيَتْهَا الْخَيْلُ، وَفِي عُنُقِهَا طَوْقٌ لَهَا مِنْ وَرِقٍ، فَاقْتَلَعَهُ إِنْسَانٌ مِنْ عُنُقِهَا، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَسْجِدَ، خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِأَبِيهِ ؓ يَقُودُهُ، وَكَانَ رَأْسُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ ثَغَامَةً، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «هَلَّا تَرَكَتِ الشَّيْخَ فِي بَيْتِهِ حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَنَا آتِيهِ فِيهِ ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هُوَ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يَمْشِيَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ أَنْ تَمْشِيَ أَنْتَ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَجْلَسَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَسَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَدْرَهُ، وَقَالَ: أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ، فَأَسْلَمَ، ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ أُخْتِهِ فَقَالَ: أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ طَوْقَ أُخْتِي، فَوَ اللَّهِ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ، ثُمَّ قَالَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَمَا جَاءَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ، فَقَالَ: يَا أُخَيَّةُ، احْتَسِبِي طَوْقَكِ، فَوَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْأَمَانَةَ فِي النَّاسِ الْيَوْمَ لَقَلِيلٌ. يَعْنِي الصِّدِّيقُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عَلَى التَّعْيِينِ، لِأَنَّ الْجَيْشَ فِيهِ كَثْرَةٌ، وَلَا يَكَادُ أَحَدٌ يَلْوِي عَلَى أَحَدٍ مَعَ انْتِشَارِ النَّاسِ، وَلَعَلَّ الَّذِي أَخَذَهُ تَأَوَّلَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ حَرْبِيٍّ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَرَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ بِسَنَدٍ جَيِّدٍ قَوِيٍّ عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ: أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَخَذَ بِيَدِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ، فَأَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا وَقَفَ بِهِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: غَيِّرُوهُ وَلَا تُقَرِّبُوهُ سَوَادًا. قَالَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ: وَأَخْبَرَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَنَّأَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ بِإِسْلَامِ أَبِيهِ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ، وَابْنُ حِبَّانَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ قَالَ: جَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِأَبِيهِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ يَحْمِلُهُ حَتَّى وَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ: «لَوْ أَقْرَرْتَ الشَّيْخَ فِي بَيْتِهِ لَأَتَيْنَاهُ” - تَكْرِمَةً لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ - فَأَسْلَمَ وَرَأَسُهُ وَلِحْيَتُهُ كَالثَّغَامَةِ، فَقَالَ غَيِّرُوهُمَا قَالَ قَتَادَةُ هُوَ أَوَّلُ مَخْضُوبٍ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ. وَرَوَى مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: أُتِيَ بِأَبِي قُحَافَةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ وَرَأْسُهُ وَلِحْيَتُهُ مِثْلُ الثَّغَامَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «غَيِّرُوا هَذَا بِشَيْءٍ وَجَنِّبُوهُ السَّوَادَ”. قَالَ الْبَلَاذُرِيُّ: وَرَمَى بَعْضُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَبَا قُحَافَةَ فَشَجَّهُ، وَأُخِذَتْ قِلَادَةُ أَسْمَاءَ ابْنَتِهِ، فَأَدْرَكَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ يَسْتَدْمِي، فَمَسَحَ الدَّمَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ انْتَهَى.
Translation
✧ The Islam of Abū Quḥāfah ʿUthmān b. ʿĀmir, the father of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq — ؓ Imām Aḥmad, al-Ṭabarānī with trustworthy narrators, Muḥammad b. ʿUmar, and al-Bayhaqī narrated from Asmāʾ bt. Abī Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ؓ that she said: When it was the year of the conquest, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ encamped at Dhū Ṭuwā, Abū Quḥāfah said to a daughter of his — al-Balādhurī said her name was Asmāʾ; Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said she was called: Qarībah — the opposite of Baʿīdah; she was among the youngest of his children: "O my little daughter, get me up onto Abū Qubays" — and his sight had failed — so she took him up onto it. He said: "O my little daughter! What do you see?" She said: "I see a great gathered black mass, and I see a man moving quickly among that black mass, coming and going." He said: "That man is the commander (al-wāziʿ)." Then he said: "What do you see?" She said: "I see the black mass has spread out and dispersed." He said: "By Allah, then the cavalry have scattered. Hurry me to my house." She went quickly, and when she descended with him to al-Abṭaḥ, the cavalry met her, and on her neck was a necklace of hers made of silver, which a man snatched from her neck. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the mosque, Abū Bakr ؓ came out leading his father, and Abū Quḥāfah's head was like thaghāmah (a white-flowered plant). When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw him, he said: "Why did you not leave the old man in his house, so that I could come to him there?" Abū Bakr said: "O Messenger of Allah, he is more entitled to walk to you than you are to walk to him." So he seated him before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiped his chest and said: "Submit (aslim), and you will be safe (taslam)." So he submitted. Then Abū Bakr stood up, took his sister by the hand, and said: "I adjure you by Allah and by Islam to return my sister's necklace." By Allah, no one brought it. Then he said it a third time, and no one brought it. He said: "O my little sister, count your necklace as a loss, for by Allah, trustworthiness among people today is indeed scarce." Al-Ṣiddīq meant that day specifically, because the army was large, and hardly anyone attended to another amid the people's dispersal; perhaps the one who took it interpreted that it belonged to a belligerent. And Allah knows best. Al-Bayhaqī narrated with a sound, strong chain from Ibn Wahb, who said: Ibn Jurayj reported to me from Abū al-Zubayr from Jābir: that ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ took Abū Quḥāfah by the hand and brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When he stood him before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he said: "Change his [hair], and do not bring him near black [dye]." Ibn Wahb said: And ʿUmar b. Muḥammad reported to me from Zayd b. Aslam: that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ congratulated Abū Bakr on his father's Islam. Imām Aḥmad and Ibn Ḥibbān narrated from Anas ؓ, who said: Abū Bakr brought his father Abū Quḥāfah to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of the conquest of Makkah, carrying him until he placed him before him. He said to Abū Bakr: "If you had let the old man stay in his house, we would have gone to him" — as an honor to Abū Bakr. So he submitted, and his head and beard were like thaghāmah. He said: "Change both of them." Qatādah said: He was the first to have dyed hair in Islam. Muslim narrated from Jābir, who said: Abū Quḥāfah was brought in the year of the conquest, and his head and beard were like thaghāmah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Change this with something, and keep him away from black [dye]." Al-Balādhurī said: Some of the Muslims threw at Abū Quḥāfah and wounded his head, and the necklace of Asmāʾ his daughter was taken. Abū Bakr reached him while he was bleeding; he wiped the blood from his face. End.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording. Ask what scholars say about its grade