Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1386
The Compensatory ʿUmrah
ذِكْرُ خُرُوجِهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ وَإِحْرَامِهِ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى - عَنْ جَابِرٍ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى عَنْهُ - قَالَ: أَحْرَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ، لِأَنَّهُ سَلَكَ طَرِيقَ الْفَرْعِ، وَلَوْلَا ذَلِكَ لَأَهَلَّ مِنَ الْبَيْدَاءِ. قَالُوا: وَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُلَبِّي وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ مَعَهُ يُلَبُّونَ، حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى مَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ، وَقَدمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ السِّلَاحَ إِلَى بَطْنِ يَأْجُجَ حَيْثُ نَظَرَ إِلَى أَنْصَابِ الْحَرَمِ، وَبَعَثَتْ قُرَيْشٌ مِكْرِزَ - بِكَسْرِ الْمِيمِ، وَسُكُونِ الْكَافِ، وَكَسْرِ الرَّاءِ، وَبِالزَّاي - بْنَ حَفْصٍ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى لَقُوهُ بِبَطْنِ يَأْجُجَ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي أَصْحَابِهِ، وَالْهَدْيُ وَالسِّلَاحُ قَدْ تَلَاحَقَ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ: وَاللَّهِ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا عُرِفْتَ صَغِيرًا وَلَا كَبِيرًا - بِالْغَدْرِ، تَدْخُلُ بِالسِّلَاحِ فِي الْحُرُمِ عَلَى قَوْمِكَ، وَقَدْ شَرَطْتَ لَهُمْ أَلَّا تَدْخُلَ إِلَّا بِسِلَاحِ الْمُسَافِرِ، السُّيُوفُ فِي الْقُرْبِ!! فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنِّي لَا أَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِسِلَاحٍ. فَقَالَ مِكْرِزٌ: هُوَ الَّذِي تُعْرَفُ بِهِ، الْبِرُّ وَالْوَفَاءُ فوَضَعَ الْأَدَاةَ كُلَّهَا، الْحَجَفَ وَالْمَجَانَّ وَالرِّمَاحَ وَالنَّبْلَ، وَدَخَلُوا بِسِلَاحِ الرَّاكِبِ، السُّيُوفِ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ مِكْرِزٌ سَرِيعًا إِلَى مَكَّةَ بِأَصْحَابِهِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا لَا يَدْخُلُ بِسِلَاحٍ، وَهُوَ عَلَى الشَّرْطِ الَّذِي شَرَطَ لَكُمْ. ورَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ فِي عُمْرَتِهِ، بَلَغَ أَصْحَابُهُ أَنَّ قُرَيْشًا تَقُولُ مَا يَتَبَاعَثُونَ مِنَ الْعَجْفِ، فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ: لَوِ انْتَحَرْنَا مَنْ ظَهْرِنَا فَأَكَلْنَا مِنْ لَحْمِهِ وَحَسَوْنَا مِنْ مَرَقِهِ، أَصْبَحْنَا غَدًا حِينَ نَدْخُلُ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ وَبِنَا جَمَامَةٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - ﷺ: «لَا تَفْعَلُوا، وَلَكِنِ اجْمَعُوا إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَزْوَادِكُمْ”، فَجَمَعُوا لَهُ، وَبَسَطُوا الْأَنْطَاعَ فَأَكَلُوا حَتَّى تَرَكُوا، وَحَشَا كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ فِي جِرَابِهِ.
Translation
✧ Mention of his departure ﷺ from Madinah and his entering iḥrām Muḥammad b. ʿUmar—may Allah Almighty have mercy on him—narrated from Jābir—may Allah Almighty be pleased with him—who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered iḥrām from the gate of the mosque, because he took the road of al-Farʿ; were it not for that, he would have declared the talbiyah from al-Baydāʾ. They said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ proceeded reciting the talbiyah, and the Muslims with him recited the talbiyah, until he reached Marr al-Ẓahrān. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent the weapons ahead to Baṭn Yaʾjuj, where he looked toward the boundary markers of the sacred territory. Quraysh sent Mikraz—with a kasrah on the mīm, a sukūn on the kāf, a kasrah on the rāʾ, and the zāʾ—b. Ḥafṣ with a group of Quraysh until they met him at Baṭn Yaʾjuj, while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was among his companions and the sacrificial animals and weapons had caught up. They said to him: By Allah, O Muḥammad, you were not known, young or old, for treachery, that you would enter the sacred territory against your own people with weapons, when you stipulated to them that you would enter only with the weapons of a traveller—the swords in their sheaths!! The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “I shall not enter upon them with weapons.” Mikraz said: It is this for which you are known: righteousness and faithfulness. So he laid down all the equipment: the shields, the leather shields, the spears, and the arrows, and they entered with the weapon of the rider—the swords. Then Mikraz returned quickly to Makkah with his companions and said: Muḥammad will not enter with weapons; he is upon the condition that he stipulated to you. Imām Aḥmad narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās ؓ who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ alighted at Marr al-Ẓahrān during his ʿumrah, his companions learned that Quraysh were saying: They are only sending out the lean ones. So his companions said: If we were to slaughter some of our riding camels and eat of their meat and sip of their broth, we would enter upon the people tomorrow with strength. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Do not do that, but gather to me some of your provisions.” So they gathered them for him, and they spread the leather mats and ate until they left off, and each one filled his provision bag.
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