Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1372
The Expedition of Khaybar
بَعْضِ مَا قِيلَ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ فِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ - ؓ: وَنَحْنُ وَرَدْنَا خَيْبَرًا وَفُرُوضَهُ بِكُلِّ فَتًى عَارِي الْأَشَاجِعِ مُذَوَّدِ جَوَادٍ لَدَى الْغَايَاتِ لا وَاهِنِ الْقُوَى جَرِيءٍ عَلَى الْأَعْدَاءِ فِي كُلِّ مَشْهَدِ عَظِيمِ رَمَادِ الْقَدْرِ فِي كُلِّ شَتْوَةٍ ضَرُوبٍ بِنَصْلِ الْمَشْرَفِيِّ الْمُهَنَّدِ يَرَى الْقَتْلَ مَدْحًا إِنْ أَصَابَ شَهَادَةً مِنَ اللَّهِ يَرْجُوهَا وَفَوْزًا بِأَحْمَدِ يَذُودُ وَيَحْمِي عَنْ ذِمَارِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَيَدْفَعُ عَنْهُ بِاللِّسَانِ وَبِالْيَدِ وَيَنْصُرُهُ مِنْ كُلِّ أَمْرٍ يُرِيبُهُ يَجُودُ بِنَفْسٍ دُونِ نَفْسِ مُحَمَّدِ يُصَدِّقُ بِالْأَنْبَاءِ بِالْغَيْبِ مُخْلِصًا يُرِيدُ بِذَاكَ الْعِزِّ وَالْفَوْزِ فِي غَدِ [ شِعْرُ حَسَّانَ فِي يَوْمِ خَيْبَرَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ مِمَّا قِيلَ مِنْ الشِّعْرِ فِي يَوْمِ خَيْبَرَ قَوْلُ حَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ: بِئْسَمَا قَاتَلَتْ خَيَابِرُ عَمَّا جَمَعُوا مِنْ مَزَارِعَ وَنَخِيلِ كَرِهُوا الْمَوْتَ فَاسْتُبِيحَ حِمَاهُمْ وَأَقَرُّوا فِعْلَ اللَّئِيمِ الذَّلِيلِ أَمِنْ الْمَوْتِ يَهْرَبُونَ فَإِنَّ الْ مَوْتَ مَوْتُ الْهُزَالِ غَيْرُ جَمِيلِ [ شِعْرُ ابْنِ لُقَيْمٍ فِي فَتْحِ خَيْبَرَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي، قَدْ أَعْطَى ابْنَ لُقَيْمٍ الْعَبْسِيَّ، حِينَ افْتَتَحَ خَيْبَرَ، مَا بِهَا مِنْ دَجَاجَةٍ أَوْ دَاجِنٍ، وَكَانَ فَتْحُ خَيْبَرَ فِي صَفَرٍ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ لُقَيْمٍ الْعَبْسِيُّ فِي خَيْبَرَ: رُمِيَتْ نَطَاةٌ مِنْ الرَّسُولِ بِفَيْلَقٍ شَهْبَاءَ ذَاتِ مَنَاكِبَ وَفَقَارِ وَاسْتَيْقَنَتْ بِالذُّلِّ لَمَا شُيِّعَتْ وَرِجَالُ أَسْلَمَ وَسْطَهَا وَغِفَارِ صَبَّحَتْ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ زُرْعَةَ غُدْوَةً وَالشَّقُّ أَظْلَمَ أَهْلُهُ بِنَهَارِ جَرَّتْ بِأَبْطَحِهَا الذُّيُولُ فَلَمْ تَدَعْ إلَّا الدَّجَاجَ تَصِيحُ فِي الْأَسْحَارِ وَلِكُلِّ حِصْنٍ شَاغِلٌ مِنْ خَيْلِهِمْ مِنْ عَبْدِ أَشْهَلَ أَوْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ وَمُهَاجِرِينَ قَدْ اعْلَمُوا سِيمَاهُمْ فَوْقَ الْمَغَافِرِ لَمْ يَنُوا لِفِرَارِ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ لَيَغْلِبَنَّ مُحَمَّدٌ وَلَيَثْوِيَنَّ بِهَا إلَى أَصْفَارِ فَرَّتْ يَهُودٌ يَوْمَ ذَلِكَ فِي الْوَغَى تَحْتَ الْعَجَاجِ غَمَائِمَ الْأَبْصَارِ [ شِعْرُ حَسَّانَ فِي عُذْرِ أَيْمَنَ لِتَخَلُّفِهِ عَنْ خَيْبَرَ ] وَقَالَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ أَيْضًا، وَهُوَ يَعْذِرُ أَيْمَنَ بْنِ أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ، وَكَانَ قَدْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْ خَيْبَرَ، وَهُوَ مِنْ بَنِي عَوْفِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّهُ أُمَّ أَيْمَنَ مَوْلَاةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَهِيَ أُمُّ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، فَكَانَ أَخَا أُسَامَةَ لِأُمِّهِ: عَلَى حِينِ أَنْ قَالَتْ لِأَيْمَنَ أُمُّهُ جَبُنْتَ وَلَمْ تَشْهَدْ فَوَارِسَ خَيْبَرٍ وَأَيْمَنُ لَمْ يَجْبُنْ وَلَكِنَّ مُهْرَهُ أَضَرَّ بِهِ شُرْبُ الْمَدِيدِ الْمُخَمَّرِ وَلَوْلَا الَّذِي قَدْ كَانَ مِنْ شَأْنِ مُهْرِهِ لَقَاتَلَ فِيهِمْ فَارِسًا غَيْرَ أَعْسَرَ وَلَكِنَّهُ قَدْ صَدَّهُ فِعْلُ مُهْرِهِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْهُ عِنْدَهُ غَيْرَ أَيْسَرَ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: أَنْشَدَنِي أَبُو زَيْدٍ هَذِهِ الْأَبْيَاتَ لِكَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، وَأَنْشَدَنِي: وَلَكِنَّهُ قَدْ صَدَّهُ شَأْنُ مُهْرِهِ وَمَا كَانَ لَوْلَا ذَاكُمْ بِمُقَصِّرِ [ شِعْرُ نَاجِيَةَ فِي يَوْمِ خَيْبَرَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَالَ نَاجِيَةُ بْنُ جُنْدُبٍ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ: يَا لِعِبَادِ لَلَّهَ فِيمَ يُرْغَبُ مَا هُوَ إلَّا مَأْكَلٌ وَمَشْرَبُ وَجَنَّةٌ فِيهَا نَعِيمٌ مُعْجِبُ وَقَالَ نَاجِيَةُ بْنُ جُنْدُبٍ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ أَيْضًا: أَنَا لِمَنْ أَنْكَرَنِي ابْنُ جُنْدُبِ يَا رُبَّ قِرْنٍ فِي مَكَرِّي أَنْكَبِ طَاحَ بِمَغْدَى أَنْسُرٍ وَثَعْلَبِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَأَنْشَدَنِي بَعْضُ الرُّوَاةِ لِلشِّعْرِ قَوْلَهُ: في مَكَرِّي، وَطَاحَ بِمَغْدَى.
Translation
✧ Some of the poetry that was said concerning the expedition of Khaybar Kaʿb b. Mālik ؓ said: We came to Khaybar and its fortifications, with every young man bare of forearms, a defender, generous at the goals, not weak of strength, bold against the enemies in every witness-place, great of ash of the cooking-pot in every winter, striking with the blade of the Mashrafī Indian sword, he sees killing as praise if he attains martyrdom from God, hoping for it, and success through Aḥmad, he defends and protects what Muḥammad holds sacred, and repels from him with the tongue and the hand, and supports him in every matter that disturbs him, giving his own soul for the soul of Muḥammad, believing in the tidings of the unseen sincerely, desiring by that glory and success on the morrow. The poetry of Ḥassān on the day of Khaybar Ibn Isḥāq said: Among the poetry that was said on the day of Khaybar was the saying of Ḥassān b. Thābit: Evil is what Khaybar fought for, concerning what they gathered of farms and palm trees. They disliked death, so their sanctuary was made permissible, and they confirmed the deed of the vile, lowly one. Do they flee from death? For death, the death of emaciation, is not beautiful. The poetry of Ibn Luqaym on the conquest of Khaybar Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of God ﷺ, as it has reached me, had given Ibn Luqaym al-ʿAbsī, when he conquered Khaybar, what was there of chickens or domestic fowl. The conquest of Khaybar was in Ṣafar. Ibn Luqaym al-ʿAbsī said concerning Khaybar: Naṭāh was struck by the Messenger with a grey phalanx, possessing shoulders and vertebrae. It was certain of humiliation when it was escorted, with men of Aslam and Ghifār in its midst. They fell upon the Banū ʿAmr b. Zurʿah at morning, and the ravine whose people are in darkness at daytime. It dragged its skirts in its valley and did not leave except the chickens crying out in the pre-dawn. For every fortress there was an occupier of their horses, from ʿAbd al-Ashhal or the Banū al-Najjār, and Emigrants who had marked themselves with their sign, above the helmets, not slackening in flight. I have known that Muḥammad will surely prevail, and he will surely remain there until the month of Aṣfār. The Jews fled on that day in the battle, under the dust, like clouds to the eyesight. The poetry of Ḥassān in excusing Ayman for his absence from Khaybar Ḥassān b. Thābit also said, excusing Ayman b. Umm Ayman b. ʿUbayd, who had stayed behind from Khaybar, of the Banū ʿAwf b. al-Khazraj. His mother was Umm Ayman, the freedwoman of the Messenger of God ﷺ, and she was the mother of Usāmah b. Zayd, so he was the brother of Usāmah through his mother: At the time when his mother said to Ayman, "You have shown cowardice and did not witness the horsemen of Khaybar." Ayman did not show cowardice, but his colt was harmed by drinking the long-mixed, fermented drink. Had it not been for what had happened with his colt, he would have fought among them as a horseman, not left-handed. But the deed of his colt prevented him, and what he had from it was only easier. Ibn Hishām said: Abū Zayd recited these verses to me as being by Kaʿb b. Mālik, and he recited to me: But the matter of his colt prevented him, and had it not been for that he would not have fallen short. The poetry of Nājiyah on the day of Khaybar Ibn Isḥāq said: Nājiyah b. Jundub al-Aslamī said: O servants of God, in what is there desire? It is nothing but food and drink, and a garden in which there is wonderful bliss. Nājiyah b. Jundub al-Aslamī also said: I am, to whoever denies me, Ibn Jundub. Many a peer in my charge has been overthrown, perishing with the morning meal of vultures and foxes. Ibn Hishām said: Some of the transmitters of poetry recited to me his saying: "in my charge," and "perishing with the morning meal."
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