Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1233
The Expedition of al-Khandaq (the Confederates)
ذِكْرُ قَضَائِهِ ﷺ مَا فَاتَهُ مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ رَوَى الْخَمْسَةُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، قَالَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ: «مَلَأَ اللَّهُ بُيُوتَهُمْ وَقُبُورَهُمْ نَارًا، كَمَا شَغَلُونَا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى ، حَتَّى غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ». وَرَوَى الشَّيْخَانِ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ بَعْدَ مَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ، جَعَلَ يَسُبُّ كُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ، وَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا كِدْتُ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ حَتَّى كَادَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَنْ تَغْرُبَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «وَاللَّهِ مَا صَلَّيْتُهَا»، فَنَزَلْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بُطْحَانَ، فَتَوَضَّأَ لِلصَّلَاةِ، وَتَوَضَّأْنَا لَهَا، فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ بَعْدَ مَا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ، وَصَلَّى بَعْدَهَا الْمَغْرِبَ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، وَالْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، وَالْبَزَّارُ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ، قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: حُبِسْنَا. وَقَالَ جَابِرٌ وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ شَغَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعَشَاءِ ، فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ هُوِيٌّ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَأَذَّنَ وَأَقَامَ، فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ كَمَا كَانَ يُصَلِّيهَا فِي وَقْتِهَا، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ كَذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ، فَأَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ كَذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَأَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ كَذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «مَا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْأَرْضِ قَوْمٌ يَذْكُرُونَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى فِي هَذِهِ السَّاعَةِ غَيْرُكُمْ». قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْزِلَ صَلَاةُ الْخَوْفِ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ فَرِجَالا أَوْ رُكْبَانًا [الْبَقَرَةِ 239]. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ مِنْ طَرِيقِ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي جُمْعَةَ ؓ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَامَ الْأَحْزَابِ صَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ: «هَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ عَلِمَ أَنِّي صَلَّيْتُ الْعَصْرَ ؟ » قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا صَلَّيْتَ، فَأَمَرَ الْمُؤَذِّنَ فَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ فَصَلَّى الْعَصْرَ، ثُمَّ أَعَادَ الْمَغْرِبَ.
Translation
✧ Mention of his ﷺ making up the prayers he had missed The five narrated from ʿAlī ؓ that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of al-Khandaq: “May Allah fill their houses and graves with fire, just as they preoccupied us from the middle prayer, until the sun set.” Al-Bukhārī and Muslim, al-Tirmidhī, and al-Nasāʾī narrated from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh that ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb ؓ came on the day of al-Khandaq after the sun had set, and began cursing the disbelievers of Quraysh, and said: O Messenger of Allah, I could hardly pray until the sun almost set. The Prophet ﷺ said: “By Allah, I have not prayed it.” So we went down with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Buṭḥān, and he performed ablution for the prayer, and we performed ablution for it, and he prayed the afternoon prayer after the sun had set, and prayed the sunset prayer after it. Imam Aḥmad and al-Nasāʾī narrated from Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī, and Imam Aḥmad from Ibn Masʿūd, and al-Bazzār from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh ؓ. Abū Saʿīd said: We were detained. Jābir and Ibn Masʿūd said: The polytheists preoccupied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from the noon, afternoon, sunset, and night prayers. When a portion of the night had passed, he ordered Bilāl, who called the call to prayer and the commencement, and he prayed the noon prayer as he used to pray it at its time. Then he ordered him, and he pronounced the commencement, and he prayed the afternoon prayer likewise. Then he ordered him, and he pronounced the commencement, and he prayed the sunset prayer likewise. Then he ordered him, and he pronounced the commencement, and he prayed the night prayer likewise. Then he said: “There is no people on the face of the earth remembering Allah, Exalted is He, at this hour other than you.” Abū Saʿīd said: That was before the prayer of fear was revealed: And if you fear, then pray on foot or mounted [al-Baqarah 239]. Ibn Saʿd narrated from the route of Ibn Lahīʿah from Abū Jumʿah ؓ that the Prophet ﷺ in the year of the Confederates prayed the sunset prayer, and when he finished he said: “Does anyone among you know that I prayed the afternoon prayer?” They said: O Messenger of Allah, you did not pray. So he ordered the muezzin, who pronounced the commencement of the prayer, and he prayed the afternoon prayer, then repeated the sunset prayer.
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