Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1203
The Expedition of Badr al-Akhirah (Badr al-Maw'id, the Second Badr, the Minor Badr)
وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، وَابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَنْفَرَ النَّاسَ لِمَوْعِدِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَانْبَعَثَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ فِي النَّاسِ يُثَبِّطُونَهُمْ، فَسَلَّمَ اللَّهُ أَوْلِيَاءَهُ، وَخَرَجَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ صُحْبَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى بَدْرٍ. واسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ابْنِ أُبَيِّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ فِيمَا قَالَهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: اسْتَخْلَفَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ. وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فِي أَلْفٍ وَخَمْسِمِائَةٍ، فِيهِمْ عِدَّةُ أَفْرَاسٍ ، فَرَسٌ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَفَرَسٌ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، وَفَرَسٌ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، وَفَرَسٌ لِأَبِي قَتَادَةَ، وَفَرَسٌ لِسَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَفَرَسٌ لِلْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، وَفَرَسٌ لِلْحُبَابِ بْنِ الْمُنْذِرِ، وَفَرَسٌ لِلزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ، وَفَرَسٌ لِعَبَّادِ بْنِ بِشْرٍ. وَحَمَلَ لِوَاءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ. وَخَرَجَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِتِجَارَاتٍ لَهُمْ إِلَى بَدْرٍ فَرَبِحَتْ رِبْحًا كَثِيرًا. قَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ: رَبِحْتُ لِلدِّينَارِ دِينَارًا. فَانْتَهَوْا إِلَى بَدْرٍ لَيْلَةَ هِلَالِ ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ، وَقَامَ السُّوقُ صَبِيحَةَ الْهِلَالِ، فَأَقَامُوا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامِ، وَالسُّوقُ قَائِمَةٌ، وَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَدْرٍ يَنْتَظِرُ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ لِمِيعَادِهِ. فَأَتَاهُ مَخْشِيُّ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الضَّمْرِيُّ، وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَانَ وَادَعَهُ عَلَى بَنِي ضَمْرَةَ فِي غَزْوَةِ وَدَّانَ ، وَأَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْمَوْسِمِ، فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، لَقَدْ أُخْبِرْنَا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ، فَمَا أَعْلَمُكُمْ إِلَّا أَهْلَ الْمَوْسِمِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: وَإِنْ شِئْتَ مَعَ ذَلِكَ رَدَدْنَا مَا كَانَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ، فَقَالَ: لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا لَنَا بِذَلِكَ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ، بَلْ نَكُفُّ أَيْدِيَنَا عَنْكُمْ، وَنَتَمَسَّكُ بِحِلْفِكَ. ثُمَّ رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَلَمْ يَلْقَ كَيْدًا. وقَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ: فَأَقَامُوا بِبَدْرٍ مُدَّةَ الْمَوْسِمِ الَّذِي كَانَ يُعْقَدُ فِيهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَرَجَعُوا وَقَدْ رَبِحُوا مِنَ الدِّرْهَمِ دِرْهَمَيْنِ. وعَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ: الَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ النَّاسُ إِنَّ النَّاسُ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكُمْ فَاخْشَوْهُمْ فَزَادَهُمْ إِيمَانًا. قَالَ: هَذَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قَالَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَوْعِدُكُمْ بَدْرٌ حَيْثُ قَتَلْتُمْ أَصْحَابَنَا، فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ: عَسَى! فَانْطَلَقَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِمَوْعِدِهِ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا بَدْرًا، فَوَافَقُوا السُّوقَ فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَانْقَلَبُوا بِنِعْمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَفَضْلٍ وَالْفَضْلُ مَا أَصَابُوا مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ.
Translation
✧ Mūsā b. ʿUqbah mentioned, from al-Zuhrī, and Ibn Lahīʿah, from Abū al-Aswad, from ʿUrwah b. al-Zubayr, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called upon the people to march for the appointed meeting with Abū Sufyān, and the hypocrites went among the people discouraging them, but Allah protected His allies, and the Muslims set out in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Badr. He appointed ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAbd Allah b. Ubayy b. Salūl over Madinah, according to what Ibn Isḥāq said. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: He appointed ʿAbd Allah b. Rawāḥah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out with one thousand five hundred men, among whom were several horses: a horse belonging to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a horse belonging to Abū Bakr, a horse belonging to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, a horse belonging to Abū Qatādah, a horse belonging to Saʿīd b. Zayd, a horse belonging to al-Miqdād b. al-Aswad, a horse belonging to al-Ḥubāb b. al-Mundhir, a horse belonging to al-Zubayr b. al-ʿAwwām, and a horse belonging to ʿAbbād b. Bishr. ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ carried the banner of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Muslims set out with their trade goods to Badr and profited greatly. ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān ؓ said: I earned a dinar for every dinar. They reached Badr on the night of the new moon of Dhū al-Qaʿdah, and the market was set up on the morning of the new moon. They stayed eight days, with the market in operation, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained at Badr waiting for Abū Sufyān at his appointed time. Makhshī b. ʿAmr al-Ḍamrī came to him—he was the one who had made a peace treaty with him on behalf of Banū Ḍamrah during the expedition of Waddān—and the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were the largest group at the fair. He said: O Muḥammad, we were told that none of you remained, and I know you only as the people of the fair. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: And if you wish, along with that, we will return what was between us and you. He said: No, by Allah, we have no need of that; rather we will withhold our hands from you and hold fast to your treaty. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned to Madinah without encountering any treachery. Al-Wāqidī said: They stayed at Badr for the duration of the fair, which was held there for eight days, and they returned having earned two dirhams for every dirham. From Mujāhid: Those to whom the people said, "Indeed, the people have gathered against you, so fear them," but it increased them in faith. He said: This is Abū Sufyān who said on the day of Uḥud: O Muḥammad, your appointed time is Badr, where you killed our companions. Muḥammad ﷺ said: Perhaps! So the Prophet ﷺ set out for his appointed time until they camped at Badr, and they coincided with the market. That is the word of Allah, exalted: So they returned with favor from Allah and bounty—and the bounty is what they obtained from trade.
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