Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1202
The Expedition of Badr al-Akhirah (Badr al-Maw'id, the Second Badr, the Minor Badr)
فَلَمَّا دَنَا الْمَوْعِدُ كَرِهَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ الْخُرُوجَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَأَحَبَّ أَلَّا يُوَافِيَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَوْعِدُ، وَكَانَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَظْهَرُ أَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَغْزُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي جَمْعٍ كَثِيفٍ، فَيَبْلُغَ أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ يَجْمَعُ الْجُمُوعَ، وَتَسِيرُ فِي الْعَرَبِ، فَيَهَابُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ ذَلِكَ. وَقَدِمَ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ مَكَّةَ- وَأَسْلَمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ- فَبَصَّرَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَقُرَيْشًا بِتَهَيُّؤِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لِحَرْبِهِمْ. وَكَانَ عَامَ جَدْبٍ، فَأَعْلَمَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بِأَنَّهُ كَارِهٌ لِلْخُرُوجِ إِلَى لِقَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَاعْتَلَّ بِجَدْبِ الْأَرْضِ، وَجَعَلَ لِنُعَيْمٍ عِشْرِينَ فَرِيضَةً تُوضَعُ تَحْتَ يَدِ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَلَى أَنْ يُخَذِّلَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَنِ الْمَسِيرِ لِمَوْعِدِهِ، وَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ. فَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَأَرْجَفَ بِكَثْرَةِ جُمُوعِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ حَتَّى أَرْعَبَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَهُوَ يَطُوفُ فِيهِمْ حَتَّى قَذَفَ الرُّعْبَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ، وَلَمْ يُبْقِ لَهُمْ نِيَّةً فِي الْخُرُوجِ، وَاسْتَبْشَرَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالْيَهُودُ، وَقَالُوا: مُحَمَّدٌ لَا يُفْلِتُ مِنْ هَذَا الْجَمْعِ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى خَشِيَ أَلَّا يَخْرُجَ مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ، وَجَاءَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ ؓ وَقَدْ سَمِعَا مَا سَمِعَا، وَقَالَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مُظْهِرٌ دِينَهُ، وَمُعِزٌّ نَبِيَّهُ، وَقَدْ وَعَدْنَا الْقَوْمَ مَوْعِدًا لَا نُحِبُّ أَنْ نَتَخَلَّفَ عَنْهُ، فَيَرَوْنَ أَنَّ هَذَا جُبْنٌ، فَسِرْ لِمَوْعِدِهِمْ، فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَخَيْرَةً، فَسُرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأَخْرُجَنَّ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مَعِي أَحَدٌ. فَنَصَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَأَذْهَبَ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانَ الشَّيْطَانُ رَعَّبَهُمْ.
Translation
✧ When the appointed time drew near, Abū Sufyān disliked going out to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he hoped that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would not keep the appointment. Abū Sufyān made a show that he intended to raid the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a dense force, so that word would reach the people of Madinah that he was gathering troops and moving among the Arabs, and the Muslims would fear that. Nuʿaym b. Masʿūd al-Ashjaʿī came to Makkah—he embraced Islam after that—and he informed Abū Sufyān and Quraysh of the Muslims' readiness to fight them. It was a year of drought, so Abū Sufyān told him that he disliked going out to meet the Muslims, and he made the drought of the land an excuse. He gave Nuʿaym twenty camels to be placed under the authority of Suhayl b. ʿAmr, on condition that he discourage the Muslims from marching to their appointment, and he mounted him on a camel. He came to Madinah and spread alarming reports of the great numbers of Abū Sufyān's forces until he terrified the Muslims, going about among them until he cast fear into their hearts. He left them with no intention of going out, and the hypocrites and Jews rejoiced, saying: "Muḥammad will not escape from this force." Word of that reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, until he feared that no one would go out with him. Abū Bakr and ʿUmar ؓ came to him, having heard what they had heard, and said: "O Messenger of Allah, Allah Almighty will make His religion prevail and honor His Prophet. We have promised the people an appointment that we would not like to miss, lest they think this is cowardice. March to their appointment, for by Allah, there is good in that." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was pleased with that, then he said: "By Him in Whose hand is my soul, I will go out even if not one man goes out with me." Allah Almighty granted victory to the Muslims and removed from them the fear that Satan had cast into them.
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