Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1182
The Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa'
غَزْوَةُ ذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ وَقَعَتْ غَزْوَةُ ذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ عَلَى خِلَافٍ بَيْنِ الْعُلَمَاءِ فِي ذَلِكَ، كَمَا تَعَدَّدَتْ آرَاءُ الْعُلَمَاءِ حَوْلَ سَبَبِ تَسْمِيَتِهَا، وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُوسَى أَنَّهَا سُمِّيَتْ بِذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ لِأَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَرْبُطُونَ عَلَى أَرْجُلِهِمْ مِنَ الْخِرَقِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ. وَكَانَ سَبَبُهَا أَنَّ أَخْبَارًا وَصَلَتْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ أَنْمَارَ وَثَعْلَبَةَ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِحَرْبِهِ. فَخَرَجَ لَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي أَرْبَعِمِائَةٍ، وَقِيلَ: أَكْثَرُ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ أَبَا ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِيَّ وَقِيلَ: عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ، وَوَصَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى مَحَلِّ الْقَوْمِ وَبَثَّ سَرَايَاهُ لِيَكْشِفَ أَمْرَهُمْ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا أَحَدًا سِوَى نِسْوَةٍ فَأَخَذَهُنَّ وَهَرَبَ الْأَعْرَابُ فِي رُؤُوسِ الْجِبَالِ وَهُمْ مُطِلُّونَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ. وَفِي هَذِهِ الْغَزْوَةِ شُرِعَتْ صَلَاةُ الْخَوْفِ، وَفِيهَا جَاءَ غَوْرَثِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ مُحَاوِلًا قَتْلَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ وَسَقَطَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ، وَفِيهَا قُتِلَ عَبَّادُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ فِي الْحِرَاسَةِ حَيْثُ ضُرِبَ بِسَهْمٍ تِلْوَ الْآخَرِ فَنَزَعَهَا وَظَلَّ يُصَلِّي حَتَّى أُثْبِتَ. ثُمَّ عَادَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَتْ غَيْبَتُهُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً. وَقَدْ وَقَعَتْ فِي هَذِهِ الْغَزْوَةِ الْعَدِيدُ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ مِنْ أَبْرَزِهَا: تَخَلُّفُ جَمَلِ جَابِرٍ وَمَا أَخْبَرَهُ ﷺ بِشَأْنِ وَالِدِهِ، وَقِصَّةُ الصَّبِيِّ الَّذِي بِهِ جُنُونٌ، وَقِصَّةُ الْجَمَلِ الَّذِي شَكَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَالَهُ، وَقِصَّةُ الشَّجَرَتَيْنِ وَالْتِئَامُهُمَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَقِصَّةُ نَبْعِ الْمَاءِ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصَابِعِهِ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهَا مِنَ الْآيَاتِ.
Translation
✧ The Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa' The Expedition of Dhat al-Riqa' occurred in the year four of the Hijrah, with scholars differing on that, just as their views multiplied concerning the reason for its naming. In the hadith of Abu Musa, it was named Dhat al-Riqa' because they used to bind rags on their feet due to the intense heat. Its cause was that news reached the Prophet ﷺ that Anmar and Tha'labah had gathered against the Prophet ﷺ to fight him. The Prophet ﷺ went out against them with four hundred men, and it is said more, and he appointed Abu Dharr al-Ghifari as governor; it is said ʿUthman b. ʿAffan ؓ. The Prophet ﷺ reached the place of the people and dispatched his patrols to uncover their situation, but they found no one except some women, so he took them, and the Bedouins fled to the mountaintops, overlooking the Muslims. In this expedition, the Prayer of Fear was legislated, and in it came Ghawrath b. al-Harith attempting to kill the Prophet ﷺ but he could not, and the sword fell from his hand. In it, ʿAbbad b. Bishr was killed while on guard duty, where he was struck by one arrow after another, and he pulled them out and continued praying until he was pinned down. Then the Prophet ﷺ returned to Madinah, and his absence was fifteen nights. Many signs occurred in this expedition, the most prominent of which are: The lagging of Jabir's camel and what he ﷺ informed him concerning his father, the story of the boy who was insane, the story of the camel that complained to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of its condition, the story of the two trees and their joining together over the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, the story of the water springing from between his fingers ﷺ, and other signs.
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