Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1157
The Detachment of al-Mundhir b. 'Amr to Bi'r Ma'unah (the Detachment of the Qur'an Reciters)
سَرِيَّةِ الْمُنْذِرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو [السَّاعِدِيِّ] ؓ إِلَى بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ؛ وَهِيَ سَرِيَّةُ الْقُرَّاءِ ؓ. فِي صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَقِيَّةَ شَوَّالٍ وَذَا الْقَعْدَةِ وَذَا الْحِجَّةِ - وَوَلِيَ تِلْكَ الْحِجَّةَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَالْمُحَرَّمَ -، ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَصْحَابَ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ فِي صَفَرٍ، عَلَى رَأْسِ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ مِنْ أُحُدٍ. وَأَغْرَبَ مَكْحُولٌ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، حَيْثُ قَالَ: إِنَّهَا كَانَتْ بَعْدَ الْخَنْدَقِ. وَكَانَ سَبَبُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ مُلَاعِبَ الْأَسِنَّةِ، سَيِّدَ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ، قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَأَهْدَى لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ هَدِيَّةً، فَلَمْ يَقْبَلْهَا وَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا بَرَاءٍ، لَا أَقْبَلُ هَدِيَّةَ مُشْرِكٍ، ثُمَّ عَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ الْإِسْلَامَ فَلَمْ يَبْعُدْ عَنْهُ وَلَمْ يُسْلِمْ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَمْرَكَ هَذَا حَسَنٌ، فَلَوْ بَعَثْتَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ إِلَى أَهْلِ نَجْدٍ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى أَمْرِكَ لَرَجَوْتُ أَنْ يَسْتَجِيبُوا لَكَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - ﷺ: أَخْشَى عَلَيْهِمْ أَهْلَ نَجْدٍ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَرَاءٍ: أَنَا لَهُمْ جَارٌ. وَخَرَجَ عَامِرُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ نَجْدٍ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَجَارَ أَصْحَابَ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ فَلَا تَعْرِضُوا لَهُمْ. وَكَانَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا شَبَبَةٌ يُسَمَّوْنَ الْقُرَّاءَ. كَانُوا إِذَا أَمْسَوْا أَتَوْا نَاحِيَةً مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَعْلَمٍ لَهُمْ فَتَدَارَسُوا الْقُرْآنَ وَصَلَّوْا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ وَجْهُ الصُّبْحِ اسْتَعْذَبُوا مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَحَطَبُوا مِنَ الْحَطَبِ فَجَاءُوا بِهِ إِلَى حُجْرِ أَزْوَاجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ يَحْتَطِبُونَ فَيَبِيعُونَهُ وَيَشْتَرُونَ بِهِ [الطَّعَامَ] لِأَهْلِ الصُّفَّةِ وَلِلْفُقَرَاءِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: وَمَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ سَعَةٌ اجْتَمَعُوا وَاشْتَرَوُا الشَّاةَ فَأَصْلَحُوهَا فَيُصْبِحُ ذَلِكَ مُعَلَّقًا بِحُجْرِ أَزْوَاجِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَكَانَ أَهْلُوهُمْ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، وَكَانَ أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي أَهْلِيهِمْ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا، فِيهِمُ: الْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْأَنْصَارِيُّ الْمُعْنِقُ لِيَمُوتَ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ الصِّمَّةِ، وَحَرَامُ بْنُ مِلْحَانَ، وَعَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ، وَغَيْرُهُمْ، وَقِيلَ: كَانُوا أَرْبَعِينَ، فَسَارُوا حَتَّى نَزَلُوا بِبِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ بَيْنَ أَرْضِ بَنِي عَامِرٍ وَحَرَّةِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ كِلَا الْبَلَدَيْنِ مِنْهَا قَرِيبٌ، وَهِيَ إلَى حَرَّةِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ أَقْرَبُ.
Translation
✧ The detachment of al-Mundhir b. ʿAmr [al-Sāʿidī] ؓ to Biʾr Maʿūnah; this is the detachment of the Qurʾan reciters ؓ, in Safar of the year four. Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained for the rest of Shawwāl, Dhū al-Qaʿdah, and Dhū al-Ḥijjah—during which the polytheists were in charge of the pilgrimage—and al-Muḥarram. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent the companions of Biʾr Maʿūnah in Safar, at the beginning of four months after Uḥud. Makḥūl, may Allah have mercy on him, held an anomalous view when he said that it took place after the Khandaq. The reason for this was that Abū Barāʾ b. ʿĀzib b. ʿĀmir b. Mālik b. Jaʿfar Mulaʿib al-Asinnah, the chief of Banū ʿĀmir b. Ṣaʿṣaʿah, came to Madinah and gave the Prophet ﷺ a gift, but he did not accept it and said: "O Abū Barāʾ, I do not accept the gift of a polytheist." Then he presented Islam to him, but he did not distance himself from it and did not become Muslim. He said: "This matter of yours is good. If you were to send one of your companions to the people of Najd to call them to your cause, I would hope that they respond to you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "I fear the people of Najd for them." Abū Barāʾ said: "I am a protector for them." ʿĀmir b. Mālik went out to the region of Najd and informed them that he had granted protection to the companions of Muḥammad ﷺ, so do not confront them. Among the Anṣār there were seventy young men called the Qurʾan reciters. When evening came, they would go to a place in Madinah, to a landmark of theirs, and study the Qurʾan together and pray until the face of dawn appeared. Then they would draw fresh water and gather firewood and bring it to the chambers of the wives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. In one narration: they would gather firewood, sell it, and buy food with it for the people of the Ṣuffah and the poor. In another narration: those who had means would gather together and buy a sheep, prepare it, and by morning it would be hung at the chambers of the wives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Their families would think they were in the mosque, and the people of the mosque would think they were with their families. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent seventy men, among them: al-Mundhir b. ʿAmr al-Anṣārī, who hastened to die, al-Ḥārith b. al-Ṣimmah, Ḥarām b. Milḥān, ʿĀmir b. Fuhayrah, and others. It was also said that they were forty. They traveled until they camped at Biʾr Maʿūnah, between the land of Banū ʿĀmir and the Ḥarrah of Banū Sulaym, both territories being close to it, but it was closer to the Ḥarrah of Banū Sulaym.
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