Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1037
The Expedition of Dhū Amarr (the Expedition of Najd)
فَنَدَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَخَرَجَ لِاثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ الْأَوَّلِ فِي أَرْبَعِمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسِينَ، مَعَهُمْ عِدَّةُ أَفْرَاسٍ، وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ، فَأَصَابُوا بِالْمَدِينَةِ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ بِذِي الْقَصَّةِ يُقَالُ لَهُ: جَبَّارٌ مِنْ بَنِي ثَعْلَبَةَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ: أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ ؟ فَقَالَ: أُرِيدُ يَثْرِبَ لِأَرْتَادَ لِنَفْسِي وَأَنْظُرَ، فَأَدْخُلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ مِنْ خَبَرِهِمْ، قَالَ: قَالَ لَنْ يُلَاقُوكَ وَلَوْ سَمِعُوا بِسَيْرِكَ هَرَبُوا فِي رُؤُوسِ الْجِبَالِ وَأَنَا سَائِرٌ مَعَكَ، فَدَعَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَسْلَمَ، وَضَمَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى بِلَالٍ، فَأَخَذَ بِهِ جَبَّارٌ طَرِيقًا، وَهَبَطَ بِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَسَمِعَ الْقَوْمُ بِمَيْسِرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَهَرَبُوا فِي رُءُوسِ الْجِبَالِ، فَبَلَغَ مَاءً يُقَالُ لَهُ: ذُو أَمَرَّ، فَعَسْكَرَ بِهِ، وَأَصَابَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابَهُ مَطَرٌ كَثِيرٌ، فَابْتَلَّتْ ثِيَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَثِيَابُ أَصْحَابِهِ، فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ وَنَشَرَ ثِيَابَهُ لِتَجِفَّ، وَاضْطَجَعَ، وَذَلِكَ بِمَرْأَى مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَاشْتَغَلَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي شُؤُونِهِمْ، فَبَعَثَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ رَجُلًا شُجَاعًا مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ: دُعْثُورُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي الصَّحِيحِ أَنَّ اسْمَهُ عَوْرَبٌ، وَكَانَ سَيِّدَهَا وَأَشْجَعَهَا، وَمَعَهُ سَيْفٌ مُتَقَلِّدٌ بِهِ، فَبَادَرَ دُعْثُورٌ وَأَقْبَلَ مُشْتَمِلًا عَلَى السَّيْفِ، حَتَّى قَامَ عَلَى رَأْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالسَّيْفِ مَشْهُورًا، فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، مَنْ يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي الْيَوْمَ ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «اللَّهُ ». وَدَفَعَ جِبْرِيلُ فِي صَدْرِهِ، فَوَقَعَ السَّيْفُ مِنْ يَدِهِ، فَأَخَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَقَالَ لَهُ: «مَنْ يَمْنَعُكَ مِنِّي ؟ » فَقَالَ: لَا أَحَدَ، وَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَاللَّهِ لَا أُكْثِرُ عَلَيْكَ جَمْعًا أَبَدًا، فَأَعْطَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَيْفَهُ، ثُمَّ أَتَى قَوْمَهُ فَقَالُوا: مَا لَكَ ؟ وَيْلَكَ ! فَقَالَ: نَظَرْتُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ طَوِيلٍ، فَدَفَعَ فِي صَدْرِي، فَوَقَعْتُ لِظَهْرِي، فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ مَلَكٌ، وَشَهِدْتُ بِأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَاللَّهِ لَا أُكْثِرُ عَلَيْهِ جَمْعًا. وَجَعَلَ يَدْعُو قَوْمَهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ. وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ هَمَّ قَوْمٌ أَنْ يَبْسُطُوا إِلَيْكُمْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَكَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ [الْمَائِدَةِ 11 ]. وَعَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَلَمْ يَلْقَ كَيْدًا، وَكَانَتْ غَيْبَتُهُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً، وَقَالَ أَبُو عُمَرَ: قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِنَجْدٍ صَفَرَ كُلَّهُ. قَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ: سَيَأْتِي فِي غَزْوَةِ ذَاتِ الرِّقَاعِ قِصَّةٌ تُشْبِهُ قِصَّةَ دُعْثُورٍ، فَلَعَلَّهُمَا قِصَّتَانِ. قَالَ فِي الْبِدَايَةِ: إِنْ كَانَتْ هَذِهِ مَحْفُوظَةً فَهِيَ غَيْرُهَا قَطْعًا، لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلَ اسْمُهُ غُورَثُ [ابْنُ الْحَارِثِ ] أَيْضًا وَلَمْ يُسْلِمْ، بَلِ اسْتَمَرَّ عَلَى دِينِهِ، لَكِنْ عَاهَدَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَلَّا يُقَاتِلَهُ .
Translation
✧ The Messenger of Allah ﷺ summoned the Muslims, and he set out on the twelfth night of Rabīʿ al-Awwal with four hundred and fifty men, having with them a number of horses. He appointed ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān as his deputy over Madinah. They came upon a man of theirs at Dhū al-Qaṣṣah called Jabbār from Banū Thaʿlabah. The Muslims said to him: “Where do you intend to go?” He said: “I intend to go to Yathrib to seek pasture for myself and to look around, and to enter upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and inform him of their news.” He said: “He said: ‘They will not meet you; if they hear of your march, they will flee to the mountain tops, and I will travel with you.’” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him to Islam and he embraced Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ attached him to Bilāl. Jabbār took a route with him and brought him down upon them. The people heard of the Messenger of Allah's ﷺ march and fled to the mountain tops. He reached a watering place called Dhū Amarr and camped there. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions were caught by heavy rain, and the clothes of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the clothes of his companions became soaked. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ alighted under a tree, spread out his clothes to dry, and lay down. That was within sight of the polytheists, while the Muslims were occupied with their affairs. The polytheists sent a brave man of theirs called Duʿthūr b. al-Ḥārith—though it is narrated in the Ṣaḥīḥ that his name was ʿAwrab—and he was their chief and bravest, girded with a sword. Duʿthūr hastened forward, wrapped in his sword, until he stood over the head of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with the sword drawn. He said: “O Muḥammad, who will protect you from me today?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Allah.” Gabriel pushed him in the chest, and the sword fell from his hand. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took it and said to him: “Who will protect you from me?” He said: “No one. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allah. By Allah, I will never gather a force against you again.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave him back his sword. Then he came to his people and they said: “What is wrong with you? Woe to you!” He said: “I looked at a tall man who pushed me in the chest, and I fell on my back. I knew that he was an angel, and I bore witness that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allah. By Allah, I will never gather a force against him.” And he began calling his people to Islam. Allah, exalted is He, revealed: “O you who believe, remember Allah's favor upon you when a people intended to stretch out their hands against you, but He restrained their hands from you” [al-Māʾidah 11]. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned to Madinah without encountering any treachery. His absence was fifteen nights. Abū ʿUmar said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained in Najd for the whole of Ṣafar. Al-Bayhaqī said: In the expedition of Dhāt al-Riqāʿ there will come a story resembling the story of Duʿthūr, so perhaps they are two stories. He said in al-Bidāyah: If this is preserved, then it is certainly different from that one, because that man's name is Ghawrath [b. al-Ḥārith] also, and he did not embrace Islam, but rather persisted in his religion; however, he pledged to the Prophet ﷺ that he would not fight him.
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