Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1003
The Great Expedition of Badr
إِرْسَالِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ بَشِيرَيْنِ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ بِوَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ: الْأَوَّلُ لِأَهْلِ السَّافِلَةِ وَالثَّانِي لِأَهْلِ الْعَالِيَةِ رَوَى الْحَاكِمُ عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْأَسْلَمِيِّ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ أَيْضًا، عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ: قَالَ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ؓ: خَلَّفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ وَأُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ عَلَى رُقَيَّةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَيَّامَ بَدْرٍ، وَقَالُوا: وَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ مِنَ الْأُثَيْلِ، فَجَاءَا يَوْمَ الْأَحَدِ حِينَ اشْتَدَّ الضُّحَى، وَفَارَقَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ بِالْعَقِيقِ، فَجَعَلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يُنَادِي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَبْشِرُوا بِسَلَامَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَتْلِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَسْرِهِمْ، قُتِلَ ابْنَا رَبِيعَةَ، وَابْنَا الْحَجَّاجِ، وَأَبُو جَهْلٍ، وَزِمْعَةُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ، وَأُمَيَّةُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ. وَأُسِرَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو. قَالَ عَاصِمُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ: فَقُمْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَنَحَوْتُهُ، فَقُلْتُ: أَحَقًّا مَا تَقُولُ يَا ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ ؟ فَقَالَ: إِي وَاللَّهِ، وَغَدًا يَقْدَمُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْأَسْرَى مُقَرَّنِينَ، ثُمَّ اتَّبَعَ دُورَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِالْعَالِيَةِ يُبَشِّرُهُمْ دَارًا دَارًا وَالصِّبْيَانُ يَشْتَدُّونَ مَعَهُ وَيَقُولُونَ: قُتِلَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ الْفَاسِقُ. حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى بَنِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ. وَقَدِمَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ عَلَى نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْقَصْوَاءِ -قَالَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ: وَقَالَ أُسَامَةُ: الْعَضْبَاءِ- يُبَشِّرُ أَهْلَ السَّافِلَةِ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ جَاءَ الْمُصَلَّى صَاحَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ: قُتِلَ عُتْبَةُ وَشَيْبَةُ ابْنَا رَبِيعَةَ، وَابْنَا الْحَجَّاجِ، وَقُتِلَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ، وَأَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، وَزِمْعَةُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ، وَأُمَيَّةُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ، وَأُسِرَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ذُو الْأَنْيَابِ فِي أَسْرَى كَثِيرٍ، فَجَعَلَ [بَعْضُ] النَّاسِ لَا يُصَدِّقُونَ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ وَيَقُولُونَ: مَا جَاءَ زَيْدٌ إِلَّا فَلًّا، حَتَّى غَاظَ ذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَخَافُوا. قَالَ أُسَامَةُ: فَسَمِعْتُ الْهَيْعَةَ، فَخَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا زَيْدٌ عَلَى الْعَضْبَاءِ جَاءَ بِالْبِشَارَةِ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا صَدَّقْتُهُ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ الْأُسَارَى، وَقَدِمَ زَيْدٌ حِينَ سَوَّوْا عَلَى رُقَيَّةَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ التُّرَابَ بِالْبَقِيعِ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لِأَبِي لُبَابَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُنْذِرِ: قَدْ تَفَرَّقَ أَصْحَابُكُمْ تَفَرُّقًا لَا يَجْتَمِعُونَ بَعْدَهُ أَبَدًا، وَقَدْ قُتِلَ عِلْيَةُ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَقُتِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ، وَهَذِهِ نَاقَتُهُ نَعْرِفُهَا، وَهَذَا زَيْدٌ لَا يَدْرِي مَا يَقُولُ مِنَ الرُّعْبِ، وَجَاءَ فَلًّا. قَالَ أَبُو لُبَابَةَ: يُكَذِّبُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَوْلَكَ. وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ: مَا جَاءَ إِلَّا فَلًّا. قَالَ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ: فَجِئْتُ حَتَّى خَلَوْتُ بِأَبِي، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَهْ، أَحَقٌّ مَا تَقُولُ ؟ قَالَ: إِي وَاللَّهِ حَقًّا مَا أَقُولُ يَا بُنَيَّ، فَقَوِيتُ فِي نَفْسِي وَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى ذَلِكَ الْمُنَافِقِ، فَقُلْتُ: أَنْتَ الْمُرْجِفُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَبِالْمُسْلِمِينَ، لَنُقَدِّمَنَّكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا قَدِمَ فَلْيَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَكَ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ إِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْءٌ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنَ النَّاسِ يَقُولُونَهُ. قَالَ: فَجِيءَ بِالْأَسْرَى وَعَلَيْهِمْ شُقْرَانُ مَوْلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ.
Translation
✧ The dispatch of the Messenger of God ﷺ of Zayd b. Ḥārithah and ʿAbd Allāh b. Rawāḥah as bearers of good tidings to the people of Madinah about the battle of Badr: the former to the people of the lower quarter and the latter to the people of the upper quarter. Al-Ḥākim narrated from Usāmah b. Zayd, and al-Bayhaqī from Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-Aslamī, and al-Bayhaqī also from Ibn Isḥāq: Usāmah b. Zayd ؓ said: The Messenger of God ﷺ left ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān and Usāmah b. Zayd behind to care for Ruqayyah bt. the Messenger of God ﷺ during the days of Badr. They said: The Messenger of God ﷺ sent Zayd b. Ḥārithah and ʿAbd Allāh b. Rawāḥah ahead from al-Uthayl, and they arrived on Sunday when the forenoon had grown intense. ʿAbd Allāh b. Rawāḥah parted from Zayd b. Ḥārithah at al-ʿAqīq, and ʿAbd Allāh began calling out from his mount: "O assembly of the Anṣār, rejoice at the safety of the Messenger of God ﷺ and the killing of the polytheists and their capture. The two sons of Rabīʿah were killed, the two sons of al-Ḥajjāj, Abū Jahl, Zamʿah b. al-Aswad, and Umayyah b. Khalaf. Suhayl b. ʿAmr was taken captive." ʿĀṣim b. ʿAdī said: I rose to him and drew him aside, and I said, "Is what you say true, O Ibn Rawāḥah?" He said, "Yes, by God, and tomorrow the Messenger of God ﷺ will arrive with the captives bound in pairs." Then he went around the dwellings of the Anṣār in the upper quarter, giving them good tidings house by house, while the boys ran along with him saying, "Abū Jahl the reprobate has been killed," until he ended at Banū Umayyah b. Zayd. Zayd b. Ḥārithah arrived on the she-camel of the Messenger of God ﷺ, al-Qaṣwāʾ—al-Wāqidī said: and Usāmah said: al-ʿAḍbāʾ—bearing good tidings to the people of the lower quarter. When he reached the prayer place, he shouted from his mount: "ʿUtbah and Shaybah, the two sons of Rabīʿah, were killed, and the two sons of al-Ḥajjāj, and Abū Jahl was killed, and Abū al-Bakhtarī, and Zamʿah b. al-Aswad, and Umayyah b. Khalaf, and Suhayl b. ʿAmr, the one with prominent teeth, was taken captive among many captives." Some of the people did not believe Zayd b. Ḥārithah and said, "Zayd has come only as a fugitive," until that enraged the Muslims and they feared. Usāmah said: I heard the clamor and went out, and there was Zayd upon al-ʿAḍbāʾ, having come with the good news. By God, I did not believe him until I saw the captives. Zayd arrived just as they had leveled the earth over Ruqayyah bt. the Messenger of God ﷺ in al-Baqīʿ. A man from the hypocrites said to Abū Lubābah b. ʿAbd al-Mundhir: "Your companions have scattered in a way from which they will never gather again. The elite of his companions have been killed, and Muḥammad has been killed. This is his she-camel, which we recognize, and this Zayd does not know what he is saying out of terror; he has come as a fugitive." Abū Lubābah said: "May God Almighty prove your words false." The Jews said: "He has come only as a fugitive." Usāmah b. Zayd said: I came until I was alone with my father, and I said, "O father, is what you say true?" He said, "Yes, by God, what I say is true, O my little son." So I strengthened myself and returned to that hypocrite and said, "You are the one spreading false rumors about the Messenger of God ﷺ and the Muslims. We will surely bring you before the Messenger of God ﷺ when he arrives, and he will strike your neck." He said, "O Abū Muḥammad, it is only something I heard people saying." He said: The captives were brought, and Shuqrān, the freedman of the Prophet ﷺ, was in charge of them.
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