Dalil
العربية
Sirat Ibn Hisham

84. The affair of the delegation of Thaqīf and its acceptance of Islam

  1. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1500No grade recorded

    أَمْرُ وَفْدِ ثَقِيفٍ وَإِسْلَامُهَا [ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ ] [ إِسْلَامُ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَرُجُوعُهُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ مِنْ تَبُوكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ، وَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ الشَّهْرِ وَفْدُ ثَقِيفٍ. وَكَانَ مِنْ حَدِيثِهِمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُمْ، اتَّبَعَ أَثَرَهُ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ، حَتَّى أَدْرَكَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصِلَ إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَأَسْلَمَ وَسَأَلَهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ إلَى قَوْمِهِ بِالْإِسْلَامِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، كَمَا يَتَحَدَّثُ قَوْمُهُ: إنَّهُمْ قَاتَلُوكَ،: وَعَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّ فِيهِمْ نَخْوَةَ الِامْتِنَاعِ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا أَحَبُّ إلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَبْكَارِهِمْ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: فِي أَبْصَارِهِمْ. [ دُعَاؤُهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ وَمَقْتَلُهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ فِيهِمْ كَذَلِكَ مُحَبَّبًا مُطَاعًا، فَخَرَجَ يَدْعُو قَوْمَهُ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ رَجَاءَ أَنْ لَا يُخَالِفُوهُ، لِمَنْزِلَتِهِ فِيهِمْ؛ فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ لَهُمْ عَلَى عَلِيَّةٍ لَهُ، وَقَدْ دَعَاهُمْ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَأَظْهَرَ لَهُمْ دِينَهُ، رَمَوْهُ بِالنَّبْلِ مِنْ كُلِّ وَجْهٍ، فَأَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ، فَتَزْعُمُ بَنُو مَالِكٍ أَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ، يُقَالُ لَهُ أَوْسُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ، أَخُو بَنِي سَالِمِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، وَتَزْعُمُ الْأَحْلَافُ أَنَّهُ قَتَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ، مِنْ بَنِي عَتَّابِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، يُقَالُ لَهُ وَهْبُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ، فَقِيلَ لِعُرْوَةِ: مَا تَرَى فِي دَمِكَ ؟ قَالَ: كَرَامَةٌ أَكَرَمَنِي اللَّهُ بِهَا، وَشَهَادَةٌ سَاقَهَا اللَّهُ إلَيَّ، فَلَيْسَ فِيَّ إلَّا مَا فِي الشُّهَدَاءِ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ عَنْكُمْ، فَادْفِنُونِي مَعَهُمْ، فَدَفَنُوهُ مَعَهُمْ، فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِيهِ: إنَّ مِثْلَهُ فِي قَوْمِهِ لَكَمِثْلِ صَاحِبِ يَاسِينَ فِي قَوْمِهِ

    ✧ The affair of the delegation of Thaqīf and its Islam [in the month of Ramaḍān, year nine] [The Islam of ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd and his return to his people] Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of God ﷺ arrived in Madinah from Tabūk in Ramaḍān, and in that same month the delegation of Thaqīf came to him. Their story was that when the Messenger of God ﷺ turned away from them, ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd al-Thaqafī followed his trail until he caught up with him before he reached Madinah, and he became a Muslim. He asked him to return to his people with Islam, but the Messenger of God ﷺ said to him, as his people relate that they would fight you, and the Messenger of God ﷺ knew that in them was the pride of refusal that had been theirs. ʿUrwah said: O Messenger of God, I am dearer to them than their firstborn. Ibn Hishām said: It is also said: than their eyesight. [His call to Islam and his death] Ibn Isḥāq said: He was indeed beloved and obeyed among them, so he went out calling his people to Islam, hoping that they would not oppose him because of his standing among them. When he appeared to them on an upper room of his, after he had called them to Islam and shown them his religion, they shot arrows at him from every direction, and an arrow struck him and killed him. The Banū Mālik claim that he was killed by a man of theirs called Aws b. ʿAwf, brother of the Banū Sālim b. Mālik, while the Aḥlāf claim that he was killed by a man of theirs, of the Banū ʿAttāb b. Mālik, called Wahb b. Jābir. It was said to ʿUrwah: What do you think concerning your blood? He said: It is an honor with which God has honored me, and a martyrdom that God has brought to me. There is nothing in me except what is in the martyrs who were killed with the Messenger of God ﷺ before he departed from you, so bury me with them. So they buried him with them. They claim that the Messenger of God ﷺ said of him: His likeness among his people is like the likeness of the companion of Yā Sīn among his people.

  2. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1501No grade recorded

    [ ائْتِمَارُ ثَقِيفٍ عَلَى إرْسَالِ نَفَرٍ لِلرَّسُولِ ] ثُمَّ أَقَامَتْ ثَقِيفٌ بَعْدَ قَتْلِ عُرْوَةَ أَشْهُرًا، ثُمَّ إنَّهُمْ ائْتَمَرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ، وَرَأَوْا أَنَّهُ لَا طَاقَةَ لَهُمْ بِحَرْبِ مَنْ حَوْلَهُمْ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ وَقَدْ بَايَعُوا وَأَسْلَمُوا. حَدَّثَنِي يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ الْأَخْنَسِ أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ، أَخَا بَنِي عِلَاجٍ، كَانَ مُهَاجِرًا لِعَبْدِ يَالَيْلَ بْنِ عَمْرِو، الَّذِي بَيْنَهُمَا سُبِئَ، وَكَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ مِنْ أَدْهَى الْعَرَبِ، فَمَشَى إلَى عَبْدِ يَالَيْلَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، حَتَّى دَخَلَ دَارَهُ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إلَيْهِ أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ يَقُولُ لَكَ: اخْرَجْ إلَيَّ؛ قَالَ: فَقَالَ عَبْدُ يَالَيْلَ لِلرَّسُولِ: وَيْلَكَ أَعَمْرٌو أَرْسَلَكَ إلَيَّ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، وَهَا هُوَ ذَا وَاقِفًا فِي دَارِكَ، فَقَالَ: إنَّ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّهُ، لَعَمْرٌو كَانَ أَمْنَعَ فِي نَفْسِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَخَرَجَ إلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَحَّبَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرٌو: إنَّهُ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِنَا أَمْرٌ لَيْسَتْ مَعَهُ هِجْرَةٌ إنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ مَا قَدْ رَأَيْتُ، قَدْ أَسْلَمَتْ الْعَرَبُ كُلُّهَا، وَلَيْسَتْ لَكُمْ بِحَرْبِهِمْ طَاقَةٌ، فَانْظُرُوا فِي أَمْرِكُمْ. فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ ائْتَمَرَتْ ثَقِيفٌ بَيْنَهَا، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضِ: أَفَلَا تَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْمَنُ لَكُمْ سِرْبٌ، وَلَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ إلَّا اُقْتُطِعَ، فَأْتَمِرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ، وَأَجْمَعُوا أَنْ يُرْسِلُوا إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا، كَمَا أَرْسَلُوا عُرْوَةَ، فَكَلَّمُوا عَبْدَ يَالَيْلَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، وَكَانَ سِنُّ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، وَعَرَضُوا ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ، وَخَشِيَ أَنْ يُصْنَعَ بِهِ إذَا رَجَعَ كَمَا صُنِعَ بِعُرْوَةِ. فَقَالَ: لَسْتُ فَاعِلًا حَتَّى تُرْسِلُوا مَعِي رِجَالًا، فَأَجْمَعُوا أَنْ يَبْعَثُوا مَعَهُ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ الْأَحْلَافِ، وَثَلَاثَةً مِنْ بَنِي مَالِكٍ، فَيَكُونُوا سِتَّةً، فَبَعَثُوا مَعَ عَبْدِ يَالَيْلَ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُعَتِّبٍ، وَشُرَحْبِيلَ بْنَ غَيْلَانَ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ مُعَتِّبٍ، وَمِنْ بَنِي مَالِكٍ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ بِشْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ دُهْمَانَ، أَخَا بَنِي يَسَارٍ، وَأَوْسَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ، أَخَا بَنِي سَالِمِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَنُمَيْرَ بْنَ خَرَشَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، أَخَا بَنِي الْحَارِثِ فَخَرَجَ بِهِمْ عَبْدُ يَالَيْلَ، وَهُوَ نَابَ الْقَوْمَ وَصَاحِبُ أَمْرِهِمْ، وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ بِهِمْ إلَّا خَشْيَةَ مِنْ مِثْلِ مَا صُنِعَ بِعُرْوَةِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، لِكَيْ يَشْغَلَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ إذَا رَجَعُوا إلَى الطَّائِفِ رَهْطَهُ. [ قُدُومُهُمْ الْمَدِينَةَ وَسُؤَالُهُمْ الرَّسُولَ أَشْيَاءَ أَبَاهَا عَلَيْهِمْ ] فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا مِنْ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَنَزَلُوا قَنَاةَ، أَلْفَوْا بِهَا الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ، يَرْعَى فِي تَوْبَتِهِ رِكَابَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَتْ رِعْيَتُهَا نُوَبًا عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ﷺ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ تَرَكَ الرِّكَابَ عِنْدَ الثَّقَفِيِّينَ، وَضَبَرَ يَشْتَدُّ، لِيُبَشِّرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِقُدُومِهِمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَقِيَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ رَكْبِ ثَقِيفٍ أَنْ قَدْ قَدِمُوا يُرِيدُونَ الْبَيْعَةَ وَالْإِسْلَامَ، بِأَنْ يَشْرُطَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ شُرُوطًا، وَيَكْتَتِبُوا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ كِتَابًا فِي قَوْمِهِمْ وَبِلَادِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِلْمُغِيرَةِ: أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ بِاَللَّهِ لَا تَسْبِقُنِي إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَنَا أُحَدِّثُهُ؛ فَفَعَلَ الْمُغِيرَةُ. فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِقُدُومِهِمْ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ الْمُغِيرَةُ إلَى أَصْحَابِهِ، فَرَوَّحَ الظَّهْرَ مَعَهُمْ، وَعَلَّمَهُمْ كَيْفَ يُحَيُّونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَلَمْ يَفْعَلُوا إلَّا بِتَحِيَّةِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. وَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ قُبَّةً فِي نَاحِيَةِ مَسْجِدِهِ، كَمَا يَزْعُمُونَ، فَكَانَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ، هُوَ الَّذِي يَمْشِي بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى اكْتَتَبُوا كِتَابَهُمْ، وَكَانَ خَالِدٌ هُوَ الَّذِي كَتَبَ كِتَابَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ، وَكَانُوا لَا يَطْعَمُونَ طَعَامًا يَأْتِيهِمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ خَالِدٌ، حَتَّى أَسْلَمُوا وَفَرَغُوا مِنْ كِتَابِهِمْ، وَقَدْ كَانَ فِيمَا سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَدَعَ لَهُمْ الطَّاغِيَةَ، وَهِيَ اللَّاتِي، لَا يَهْدِمُهَا ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ، فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَمَا بَرِحُوا يَسْأَلُونَهُ سَنَةً سَنَةً، وَيَأْبَى عَلَيْهِمْ، حَتَّى سَأَلُوا شَهْرًا وَاحِدًا بَعْدَ مَقْدَمِهِمْ، فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَدَعَهَا شَيْئًا مُسَمًّى، وَإِنَّمَا يُرِيدُونَ بِذَلِكَ فِيمَا يُظْهِرُونَ أَنْ يَتَسَلَّمُوا بِتَرْكِهَا مِنْ سُفَهَائِهِمْ وَنِسَائِهِمْ وَذَرَارِيِّهِمْ وَيَكْرَهُونَ أَنْ يُرَوِّعُوا قَوْمَهُمْ بِهَدْمِهَا حَتَّى يَدْخُلَهُمْ الْإِسْلَامُ؛ فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَّا أَنْ يَبْعَثَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ وَالْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ فَيَهْدِمَاهَا، وَقَدْ كَانُوا سَأَلُوهُ مَعَ تَرْكِ الطَّاغِيَةِ أَنْ يُعْفِيَهُمْ مِنْ الصَّلَاةِ، وَأَنْ لَا يَكْسِرُوا أَوْثَانَهُمْ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَمَّا كَسْرُ أَوْثَانِكُمْ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ فَسَنُعْفِيكُمْ مِنْهُ، وَأَمَّا الصَّلَاةُ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا خَيْرَ فِي دِينٍ لَا صَلَاةَ فِيهِ: فَقَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، فَسَنُؤْتِيكهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ دَنَاءَةً [ تَأْمِيرُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ عَلَيْهِمْ ] فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمُوا وَكَتَبَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كِتَابَهُمْ، أَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحْدَثِهِمْ سِنًّا، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ أَحْرَصَهُمْ عَلَى التَّفَقُّهِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَتَعَلُّمِ الْقُرْآنِ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ هَذَا الْغُلَامَ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ أَحْرَصِهِمْ عَلَى التَّفَقُّهِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَتَعَلُّمِ الْقُرْآنِ

    ✧ Then Thaqīf remained after the killing of ʿUrwah for some months. Then they deliberated among themselves and saw that they had no strength to fight the Arabs around them, who had pledged allegiance and embraced Islam. Yaʿqūb b. ʿUtbah b. al-Mughīrah b. al-Akhnas related to me that ʿAmr b. Umayyah, the brother of the Banū ʿIlāj, was an ally of ʿAbd Yālīl b. ʿAmr. Between them there had been a falling out. ʿAmr b. Umayyah was among the most cunning of the Arabs. He went to ʿAbd Yālīl b. ʿAmr until he entered his house, then he sent word to him: “ʿAmr b. Umayyah says to you: Come out to me.” ʿAbd Yālīl said to the messenger: “Woe to you! Did ʿAmr send you to me?” He said: “Yes, and here he is, standing in your house.” He said: “This is something I would not have thought—ʿAmr was too protective of himself for that.” So he went out to him, and when he saw him, he welcomed him. ʿAmr said to him: “A matter has befallen us for which there is no avoiding emigration. What has happened with this man you have seen: all the Arabs have embraced Islam, and you do not have the strength to fight them. Consider your situation.” At that, Thaqīf deliberated among themselves, and some of them said to others: “Do you not see that no caravan is safe for you, and no one of you goes out but he is waylaid?” So they deliberated among themselves and agreed to send a man to the Messenger of God ﷺ, just as they had sent ʿUrwah. They spoke to ʿAbd Yālīl b. ʿAmr b. ʿUmayr, who was the same age as ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd, and proposed that to him. He refused to do it, fearing that if he returned he would be treated as ʿUrwah had been. He said: “I will not do it unless you send men with me.” So they agreed to send with him two men from the Aḥlāf and three from the Banū Mālik, making six. They sent with ʿAbd Yālīl: al-Ḥakam b. ʿAmr b. Wahb b. Muʿattib, Shuraḥbīl b. Ghaylān b. Salamah b. Muʿattib, and from the Banū Mālik: ʿUthmān b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ b. Bishr b. ʿAbd Duhmān, the brother of the Banū Yasār, Aws b. ʿAwf, the brother of the Banū Sālim b. ʿAwf, and Numayr b. Kharashah b. Rabīʿah, the brother of the Banū al-Ḥārith. ʿAbd Yālīl set out with them. He was the representative of the people and the one in charge of their affair, and he only went out with them out of fear of the like of what had been done to ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd, so that each man among them, when they returned to al-Ṭāʾif, would occupy his own kin. When they drew near to Madinah and alighted at Qanāh, they found there al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah, who in his repentance was pasturing the riding camels of the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ. The pasturing of them was assigned in turns among his companions ﷺ. When he saw them, he left the camels with the Thaqafīs and ran swiftly to bring the Messenger of God ﷺ the good news of their coming to him. Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq met him before he entered upon the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he told him of the riders of Thaqīf, that they had come seeking to pledge allegiance and embrace Islam, on the condition that the Messenger of God ﷺ grant them stipulations and that they obtain from the Messenger of God ﷺ a written document concerning their people, their lands, and their wealth. Abū Bakr said to al-Mughīrah: “I adjure you by God not to precede me to the Messenger of God ﷺ until I am the one to inform him.” Al-Mughīrah did so. Abū Bakr entered upon the Messenger of God ﷺ and told him of their coming to him. Then al-Mughīrah went out to his companions, brought the camels back with them, and taught them how to greet the Messenger of God ﷺ, but they did not do so except with the greeting of the Age of Ignorance. When they came to the Messenger of God ﷺ, he set up a tent for them in a corner of his mosque, as they assert. Khālid b. Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ was the one who went between them and the Messenger of God ﷺ until they wrote their document, and Khālid was the one who wrote their document with his own hand. They would not eat any food that came to them from the Messenger of God ﷺ until Khālid ate some of it, until they embraced Islam and completed their document. Among what they asked of the Messenger of God ﷺ was that he leave for them the idol, namely al-Lāt, not destroying it for three years. The Messenger of God ﷺ refused them that. They kept asking him year by year, and he refused them, until they asked for a single month after their arrival, and he refused to leave it for any named period. By that they only intended, as they made apparent, to be safe from their fools, their women, and their children by its being left, and they disliked alarming their people by its destruction until Islam should enter among them. The Messenger of God ﷺ refused except to send Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb and al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah to destroy it. They had also asked him, along with leaving the idol, to excuse them from prayer and from breaking their idols with their own hands. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “As for breaking your idols with your own hands, we shall excuse you from that. As for prayer, there is no good in a religion that has no prayer in it.” They said: “O Muḥammad, we will perform it, even if it is a lowliness.” When they embraced Islam and the Messenger of God ﷺ wrote their document for them, he appointed over them ʿUthmān b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ, who was the youngest of them in age. That was because he was the most eager of them to gain understanding in Islam and to learn the Qurʾān. Abū Bakr said to the Messenger of God ﷺ: “O Messenger of God, I have seen this lad among them to be the most eager of them to gain understanding in Islam and to learn the Qurʾān.”

  3. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1502No grade recorded

    [ بِلَالٌ وَوَفْدُ ثَقِيفٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عِيسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الثَّقَفِيُّ، عَنْ بَعْضِ وَفْدِهِمْ. قَالَ: كَانَ بَلَالٌ يَأْتِينَا حِينَ أَسْلَمْنَا وَصُمْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ، بِفِطْرِنَا وَسَحُورنَا مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَيَأْتِينَا بِالسَّحُورِ، وَإِنَّا لَنَقُولُ: إنَّا لَنَرَى الْفَجْرَ قَدْ طَلَعَ، فَيَقُولُ: قَدْ تَرَكْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَسَحَّرُ، لِتَأْخِيرِ السُّحُورِ: وَيَأْتِينَا بِفِطْرِنَا، وَإِنَّا لَنَقُولُ: مَا نَرَى الشَّمْسَ كُلَّهَا ذَهَبَتْ بَعْدُ. فَيَقُولُ: مَا جِئْتُكُمْ حَتَّى أَكَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، ثُمَّ يَضَعُ يَدَهُ فِي الْجَفْنَةِ، فَيَلْتَقِمُ مِنْهَا. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: بِفَطُورِنَا وَسَحُورِنَا

    ✧ [Bilāl and the delegation of Thaqīf in Ramaḍān] Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿĪsā b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAṭiyyah b. Sufyān b. Rabīʿah al-Thaqafī related to me, from one of their delegation. He said: When we accepted Islam and fasted with the Messenger of God ﷺ what remained of Ramaḍān, Bilāl used to come to us with our ifṭār and our saḥūr from the Messenger of God ﷺ. He would bring us the saḥūr, and we would say, “We see that dawn has risen.” He would say, “I left the Messenger of God ﷺ taking saḥūr,” because of delaying the saḥūr. And he would bring us our ifṭār, and we would say, “We do not see that the sun has entirely set yet.” He would say, “I did not come to you until the Messenger of God ﷺ had eaten.” Then he would put his hand into the bowl and take a mouthful from it. Ibn Hishām said: With our fuṭūr and our suḥūr.

  4. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1503No grade recorded

    [ عَهْدُ الرَّسُولِ لَابْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ حِينَ أَمَّرَهُ عَلَى ثَقِيفٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدٍ، عَنْ مُطَرِّفِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الشِّخِّيرِ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي الْعَاصِ، قَالَ: كَانَ مِنْ آخِرِ مَا عَهِدَ إلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ بَعَثَنِي عَلَى ثَقِيفٍ أَنْ قَالَ: يَا عُثْمَانُ، تُجَاوِزْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، وَاقْدُرْ النَّاسَ بِأَضْعَفِهِمْ، فَإِنَّ فِيهِمْ الْكَبِيرَ، وَالصَّغِيرَ، وَالضَّعِيفَ وَذَا الْحَاجَةِ [ هَدْمُ الطَّاغِيَةِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ، وَتَوَجَّهُوا إلَى بِلَادِهِمْ رَاجِعِينَ، بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَعَهُمْ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ وَالْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ، فِي هَدْمِ الطَّاغِيَةِ. فَخَرَجَا مَعَ الْقَوْمِ، حَتَّى إذَا قَدِمُوا الطَّائِفَ أَرَادَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ أَنْ يُقَدِّمَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ، فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَالَ: اُدْخُلْ أَنْتَ عَلَى قَوْمِكَ؛ وَأَقَامَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بِمَالِهِ بِذِي الْهَدْمِ؛ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ عَلَاهَا يَضْرِبُهَا بِالْمِعْوَلِ، وَقَامَ قَوْمُهُ دُونَهُ، بَنُو مُعَتِّبٍ، خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُرْمَى أَوْ يُصَابَ كَمَا أُصِيبَ عُرْوَةُ، وَخَرَجَ نِسَاءُ ثَقِيفٍ حُسَّرًا يَبْكِينَ عَلَيْهَا وَيَقُلْنَ: لَتُبْكَيَنَّ دُفَّاعُ أَسْلَمَهَا الرَّضَّاعُ لَمْ يُحْسِنُوا الْمِصَاعَ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: لَتُبْكَيَنَّ عَنْ غَيْرِ ابْنِ إسْحَاقَ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَيَقُولُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَالْمُغِيرَةُ يَضْرِبُهَا بِالْفَأْسِ: وَاهَا لَكَ آهَا لَكَ فَلَمَّا هَدَمَهَا الْمُغِيرَةُ وَأَخَذَ مَالَهَا وَحُلِيَّهَا أَرْسَلَ إلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَحُلِيُّهَا مَجْمُوعٌ، وَمَا لَهَا مِنْ الذَّهَبِ وَالْجَزْعِ

    ✧ [The Messenger's covenant to Ibn Abī al-ʿĀṣ when he appointed him over Thaqīf] Ibn Isḥāq said: Saʿīd b. Abī Hind related to me, from Muṭarrif b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Shikhkhīr, from ʿUthmān b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ, who said: Among the last things the Messenger of God ﷺ enjoined upon me when he sent me over Thaqīf was that he said: "O ʿUthmān, be brief in the prayer, and measure the people by their weakest, for among them are the old, the young, the weak, and the one with a need." [The demolition of al-Ṭāghiyah] Ibn Isḥāq said: When they had finished their affair and turned back toward their lands, the Messenger of God ﷺ sent with them Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb and al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah to demolish al-Ṭāghiyah. They went out with the people, and when they arrived at al-Ṭāʾif, al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah wanted to put Abū Sufyān forward, but Abū Sufyān refused that against him and said: "You enter upon your people." Abū Sufyān stayed with his property at Dhū al-Hadm. When al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah entered, he mounted it, striking it with the pickaxe, while his people, the Banū Muʿattib, stood before him, fearing that he would be shot or struck as ʿUrwah had been struck. The women of Thaqīf came out bareheaded, weeping over it and saying: "Weep for the defender; the sucklings abandoned her; they did not excel in battle." Ibn Hishām said: "Weep" is from other than Ibn Isḥāq. Ibn Isḥāq said: Abū Sufyān said, while al-Mughīrah struck it with the axe: "Alas for you, ah for you." When al-Mughīrah had demolished it and taken its wealth and jewelry, he sent to Abū Sufyān, with its jewelry gathered and its wealth of gold and onyx.

  5. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1504No grade recorded

    [ إسْلَامُ أَبِي مُلَيْحٍ وَقَارِبٍ ] وَقَدْ كَانَ أَبُو مُلَيْحِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ وَقَارِبُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ قَدِمَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ وَفْدِ ثَقِيفٍ، حِينَ قُتِلَ عُرْوَةُ، يُرِيدَانِ فِرَاقَ ثَقِيفٍ، وَأَنْ لَا يُجَامِعَاهُمْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ أَبَدًا، فَأَسْلَمَا؛ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَوَلَّيَا مَنْ شِئْتُمَا؛ فَقَالَا: نَتَوَلَّى اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ؛ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: وَخَالَكُمَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ، فَقَالَا: وَخَالَنَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ. [ سُؤَالُهُمَا الرَّسُولُ قَضَاءَ دَيْنٍ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ الطَّاغِيَةِ ] فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ أَهْلُ الطَّائِفِ وَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَالْمُغِيرَةَ إلَى هَدْمِ الطَّاغِيَةِ، سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبُو مُلَيْحِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عُرْوَةَ دَيْنًا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مَالِ الطَّاغِيَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: نَعَمْ، فَقَالَ لَهُ قَارِبُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ، وَعَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَاقْضِهِ، وَعُرْوَةُ وَالْأَسْوَدُ أَخَوَانِ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ؛ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إنَّ الْأَسْوَدَ مَاتَ مُشْرِكًا. فَقَالَ قَارِبٌ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لَكِنْ تَصِلُ مُسْلِمًا ذَا قَرَابَةٍ، يَعْنِي نَفْسَهُ، إنَّمَا الدَّيْنُ عَلَيَّ، وَإِنَّمَا أَنَا الَّذِي أُطْلَبُ بِهِ، فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ دَيْنَ عُرْوَةَ وَالْأَسْوَدِ مِنْ مَالِ الطَّاغِيَةِ، فَلَمَّا جَمَعَ الْمُغِيرَةُ مَالَهَا قَالَ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ: إنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ تَقْضِيَ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ وَالْأَسْوَدِ دَيْنَهُمَا، فَقَضَى عَنْهُمَا

    ✧ [ The Islam of Abū Mulayḥ and Qārib ] Abū Mulayḥ b. ʿUrwah and Qārib b. al-Aswad had come to the Messenger of God ﷺ before the delegation of Thaqīf, when ʿUrwah was killed, desiring to part from Thaqīf and never to join them in anything ever. They became Muslims. The Messenger of God ﷺ said to them: "Take as allies whom you will." They said: "We take God and His Messenger as allies." The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "And your maternal uncle Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb." They said: "And our maternal uncle Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb." [ Their asking the Messenger to settle a debt from the wealth of the idol ] When the people of al-Ṭāʾif became Muslims and the Messenger of God ﷺ dispatched Abū Sufyān and al-Mughīrah to demolish the idol, Abū Mulayḥ b. ʿUrwah asked the Messenger of God ﷺ to settle on behalf of his father ʿUrwah a debt that he owed from the wealth of the idol. The Messenger of God ﷺ said to him: "Yes." Then Qārib b. al-Aswad said to him: "And on behalf of al-Aswad, O Messenger of God, settle it." ʿUrwah and al-Aswad were full brothers. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "Al-Aswad died a polytheist." Qārib said to the Messenger of God ﷺ: "O Messenger of God, but you would be maintaining ties with a Muslim relative," meaning himself. "The debt is upon me, and I am the one sought for it." The Messenger of God ﷺ commanded Abū Sufyān to settle the debt of ʿUrwah and al-Aswad from the wealth of the idol. When al-Mughīrah collected its wealth, he said to Abū Sufyān: "The Messenger of God ﷺ has commanded you to settle the debt of ʿUrwah and al-Aswad on their behalf." So he settled it for them.

  6. Sirat Ibn Hisham 1505No grade recorded

    [ كِتَابُ الرَّسُولِ لِثَقِيفِ ] وَكَانَ كِتَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّذِي كَتَبَ لَهُمْ: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ: مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ، رَسُولِ اللَّهِ، إلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ: إنَّ عِضَاهَ وَجٌّ وَصَيْدَهُ لَا يُعْضَدُ، مَنْ وُجِدَ يَفْعَلُ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَإِنَّهُ يُجْلَدُ وَتُنْزَعُ ثِيَابُهُ، فَإِنْ تَعَدَّى ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّهُ يُؤْخَذُ فَيَبْلُغُ بِهِ إلَى النَّبِيِّ مُحَمَّدٍ. وَإِنَّ هَذَا أَمْرُ النَّبِيِّ مُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ. وَكَتَبَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ: بِأَمْرِ الرَّسُولِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، فَلَا يَتَعَدَّهُ أَحَدٌ، فَيَظْلِمَ نَفْسَهُ فِيمَا أَمَرَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ

    ✧ [The Messenger's letter to Thaqīf] The letter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ which he wrote for them was: In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful: From Muhammad the Prophet, Messenger of Allah, to the believers: The acacia trees of Wajj and its game shall not be cut down. Whoever is found doing any of that shall be flogged and his clothes stripped off. If he transgresses beyond that, he shall be seized and brought to the Prophet Muhammad. This is the command of the Prophet Muhammad, Messenger of Allah. Khālid b. Saʿīd wrote: By the command of the Messenger Muhammad b. ʿAbd Allāh, so let no one transgress it, lest he wrong himself in what Muhammad, Messenger of Allah ﷺ, has commanded.