Sirat Ibn Hisham 1501
Thaqīf's deliberation on sending a party to the Messenger
[ ائْتِمَارُ ثَقِيفٍ عَلَى إرْسَالِ نَفَرٍ لِلرَّسُولِ ] ثُمَّ أَقَامَتْ ثَقِيفٌ بَعْدَ قَتْلِ عُرْوَةَ أَشْهُرًا، ثُمَّ إنَّهُمْ ائْتَمَرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ، وَرَأَوْا أَنَّهُ لَا طَاقَةَ لَهُمْ بِحَرْبِ مَنْ حَوْلَهُمْ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ وَقَدْ بَايَعُوا وَأَسْلَمُوا. حَدَّثَنِي يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ الْأَخْنَسِ أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ، أَخَا بَنِي عِلَاجٍ، كَانَ مُهَاجِرًا لِعَبْدِ يَالَيْلَ بْنِ عَمْرِو، الَّذِي بَيْنَهُمَا سُبِئَ، وَكَانَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ مِنْ أَدْهَى الْعَرَبِ، فَمَشَى إلَى عَبْدِ يَالَيْلَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، حَتَّى دَخَلَ دَارَهُ، ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إلَيْهِ أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ يَقُولُ لَكَ: اخْرَجْ إلَيَّ؛ قَالَ: فَقَالَ عَبْدُ يَالَيْلَ لِلرَّسُولِ: وَيْلَكَ أَعَمْرٌو أَرْسَلَكَ إلَيَّ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، وَهَا هُوَ ذَا وَاقِفًا فِي دَارِكَ، فَقَالَ: إنَّ هَذَا الشَّيْءَ مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّهُ، لَعَمْرٌو كَانَ أَمْنَعَ فِي نَفْسِهِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، فَخَرَجَ إلَيْهِ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ رَحَّبَ بِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرٌو: إنَّهُ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِنَا أَمْرٌ لَيْسَتْ مَعَهُ هِجْرَةٌ إنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ مَا قَدْ رَأَيْتُ، قَدْ أَسْلَمَتْ الْعَرَبُ كُلُّهَا، وَلَيْسَتْ لَكُمْ بِحَرْبِهِمْ طَاقَةٌ، فَانْظُرُوا فِي أَمْرِكُمْ. فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ ائْتَمَرَتْ ثَقِيفٌ بَيْنَهَا، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضِ: أَفَلَا تَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْمَنُ لَكُمْ سِرْبٌ، وَلَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ إلَّا اُقْتُطِعَ، فَأْتَمِرُوا بَيْنَهُمْ، وَأَجْمَعُوا أَنْ يُرْسِلُوا إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا، كَمَا أَرْسَلُوا عُرْوَةَ، فَكَلَّمُوا عَبْدَ يَالَيْلَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ، وَكَانَ سِنُّ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، وَعَرَضُوا ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ، فَأَبَى أَنْ يَفْعَلَ، وَخَشِيَ أَنْ يُصْنَعَ بِهِ إذَا رَجَعَ كَمَا صُنِعَ بِعُرْوَةِ. فَقَالَ: لَسْتُ فَاعِلًا حَتَّى تُرْسِلُوا مَعِي رِجَالًا، فَأَجْمَعُوا أَنْ يَبْعَثُوا مَعَهُ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ الْأَحْلَافِ، وَثَلَاثَةً مِنْ بَنِي مَالِكٍ، فَيَكُونُوا سِتَّةً، فَبَعَثُوا مَعَ عَبْدِ يَالَيْلَ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ وَهْبِ بْنِ مُعَتِّبٍ، وَشُرَحْبِيلَ بْنَ غَيْلَانَ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ مُعَتِّبٍ، وَمِنْ بَنِي مَالِكٍ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ بِشْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ دُهْمَانَ، أَخَا بَنِي يَسَارٍ، وَأَوْسَ بْنَ عَوْفٍ، أَخَا بَنِي سَالِمِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَنُمَيْرَ بْنَ خَرَشَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، أَخَا بَنِي الْحَارِثِ فَخَرَجَ بِهِمْ عَبْدُ يَالَيْلَ، وَهُوَ نَابَ الْقَوْمَ وَصَاحِبُ أَمْرِهِمْ، وَلَمْ يَخْرُجْ بِهِمْ إلَّا خَشْيَةَ مِنْ مِثْلِ مَا صُنِعَ بِعُرْوَةِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، لِكَيْ يَشْغَلَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ إذَا رَجَعُوا إلَى الطَّائِفِ رَهْطَهُ. [ قُدُومُهُمْ الْمَدِينَةَ وَسُؤَالُهُمْ الرَّسُولَ أَشْيَاءَ أَبَاهَا عَلَيْهِمْ ] فَلَمَّا دَنَوْا مِنْ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَنَزَلُوا قَنَاةَ، أَلْفَوْا بِهَا الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ، يَرْعَى فِي تَوْبَتِهِ رِكَابَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَتْ رِعْيَتُهَا نُوَبًا عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ﷺ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُمْ تَرَكَ الرِّكَابَ عِنْدَ الثَّقَفِيِّينَ، وَضَبَرَ يَشْتَدُّ، لِيُبَشِّرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِقُدُومِهِمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَلَقِيَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ رَكْبِ ثَقِيفٍ أَنْ قَدْ قَدِمُوا يُرِيدُونَ الْبَيْعَةَ وَالْإِسْلَامَ، بِأَنْ يَشْرُطَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ شُرُوطًا، وَيَكْتَتِبُوا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ كِتَابًا فِي قَوْمِهِمْ وَبِلَادِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِلْمُغِيرَةِ: أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ بِاَللَّهِ لَا تَسْبِقُنِي إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَنَا أُحَدِّثُهُ؛ فَفَعَلَ الْمُغِيرَةُ. فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِقُدُومِهِمْ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ الْمُغِيرَةُ إلَى أَصْحَابِهِ، فَرَوَّحَ الظَّهْرَ مَعَهُمْ، وَعَلَّمَهُمْ كَيْفَ يُحَيُّونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَلَمْ يَفْعَلُوا إلَّا بِتَحِيَّةِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. وَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ قُبَّةً فِي نَاحِيَةِ مَسْجِدِهِ، كَمَا يَزْعُمُونَ، فَكَانَ خَالِدُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ، هُوَ الَّذِي يَمْشِي بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى اكْتَتَبُوا كِتَابَهُمْ، وَكَانَ خَالِدٌ هُوَ الَّذِي كَتَبَ كِتَابَهُمْ بِيَدِهِ، وَكَانُوا لَا يَطْعَمُونَ طَعَامًا يَأْتِيهِمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ خَالِدٌ، حَتَّى أَسْلَمُوا وَفَرَغُوا مِنْ كِتَابِهِمْ، وَقَدْ كَانَ فِيمَا سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَدَعَ لَهُمْ الطَّاغِيَةَ، وَهِيَ اللَّاتِي، لَا يَهْدِمُهَا ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ، فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَمَا بَرِحُوا يَسْأَلُونَهُ سَنَةً سَنَةً، وَيَأْبَى عَلَيْهِمْ، حَتَّى سَأَلُوا شَهْرًا وَاحِدًا بَعْدَ مَقْدَمِهِمْ، فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يَدَعَهَا شَيْئًا مُسَمًّى، وَإِنَّمَا يُرِيدُونَ بِذَلِكَ فِيمَا يُظْهِرُونَ أَنْ يَتَسَلَّمُوا بِتَرْكِهَا مِنْ سُفَهَائِهِمْ وَنِسَائِهِمْ وَذَرَارِيِّهِمْ وَيَكْرَهُونَ أَنْ يُرَوِّعُوا قَوْمَهُمْ بِهَدْمِهَا حَتَّى يَدْخُلَهُمْ الْإِسْلَامُ؛ فَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَّا أَنْ يَبْعَثَ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ وَالْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ فَيَهْدِمَاهَا، وَقَدْ كَانُوا سَأَلُوهُ مَعَ تَرْكِ الطَّاغِيَةِ أَنْ يُعْفِيَهُمْ مِنْ الصَّلَاةِ، وَأَنْ لَا يَكْسِرُوا أَوْثَانَهُمْ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَمَّا كَسْرُ أَوْثَانِكُمْ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ فَسَنُعْفِيكُمْ مِنْهُ، وَأَمَّا الصَّلَاةُ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا خَيْرَ فِي دِينٍ لَا صَلَاةَ فِيهِ: فَقَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، فَسَنُؤْتِيكهَا، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ دَنَاءَةً [ تَأْمِيرُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ عَلَيْهِمْ ] فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمُوا وَكَتَبَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كِتَابَهُمْ، أَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحْدَثِهِمْ سِنًّا، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ أَحْرَصَهُمْ عَلَى التَّفَقُّهِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَتَعَلُّمِ الْقُرْآنِ. فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ هَذَا الْغُلَامَ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ أَحْرَصِهِمْ عَلَى التَّفَقُّهِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ، وَتَعَلُّمِ الْقُرْآنِ
Translation
✧ Then Thaqīf remained after the killing of ʿUrwah for some months. Then they deliberated among themselves and saw that they had no strength to fight the Arabs around them, who had pledged allegiance and embraced Islam. Yaʿqūb b. ʿUtbah b. al-Mughīrah b. al-Akhnas related to me that ʿAmr b. Umayyah, the brother of the Banū ʿIlāj, was an ally of ʿAbd Yālīl b. ʿAmr. Between them there had been a falling out. ʿAmr b. Umayyah was among the most cunning of the Arabs. He went to ʿAbd Yālīl b. ʿAmr until he entered his house, then he sent word to him: “ʿAmr b. Umayyah says to you: Come out to me.” ʿAbd Yālīl said to the messenger: “Woe to you! Did ʿAmr send you to me?” He said: “Yes, and here he is, standing in your house.” He said: “This is something I would not have thought—ʿAmr was too protective of himself for that.” So he went out to him, and when he saw him, he welcomed him. ʿAmr said to him: “A matter has befallen us for which there is no avoiding emigration. What has happened with this man you have seen: all the Arabs have embraced Islam, and you do not have the strength to fight them. Consider your situation.” At that, Thaqīf deliberated among themselves, and some of them said to others: “Do you not see that no caravan is safe for you, and no one of you goes out but he is waylaid?” So they deliberated among themselves and agreed to send a man to the Messenger of God ﷺ, just as they had sent ʿUrwah. They spoke to ʿAbd Yālīl b. ʿAmr b. ʿUmayr, who was the same age as ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd, and proposed that to him. He refused to do it, fearing that if he returned he would be treated as ʿUrwah had been. He said: “I will not do it unless you send men with me.” So they agreed to send with him two men from the Aḥlāf and three from the Banū Mālik, making six. They sent with ʿAbd Yālīl: al-Ḥakam b. ʿAmr b. Wahb b. Muʿattib, Shuraḥbīl b. Ghaylān b. Salamah b. Muʿattib, and from the Banū Mālik: ʿUthmān b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ b. Bishr b. ʿAbd Duhmān, the brother of the Banū Yasār, Aws b. ʿAwf, the brother of the Banū Sālim b. ʿAwf, and Numayr b. Kharashah b. Rabīʿah, the brother of the Banū al-Ḥārith. ʿAbd Yālīl set out with them. He was the representative of the people and the one in charge of their affair, and he only went out with them out of fear of the like of what had been done to ʿUrwah b. Masʿūd, so that each man among them, when they returned to al-Ṭāʾif, would occupy his own kin. When they drew near to Madinah and alighted at Qanāh, they found there al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah, who in his repentance was pasturing the riding camels of the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ. The pasturing of them was assigned in turns among his companions ﷺ. When he saw them, he left the camels with the Thaqafīs and ran swiftly to bring the Messenger of God ﷺ the good news of their coming to him. Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq met him before he entered upon the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he told him of the riders of Thaqīf, that they had come seeking to pledge allegiance and embrace Islam, on the condition that the Messenger of God ﷺ grant them stipulations and that they obtain from the Messenger of God ﷺ a written document concerning their people, their lands, and their wealth. Abū Bakr said to al-Mughīrah: “I adjure you by God not to precede me to the Messenger of God ﷺ until I am the one to inform him.” Al-Mughīrah did so. Abū Bakr entered upon the Messenger of God ﷺ and told him of their coming to him. Then al-Mughīrah went out to his companions, brought the camels back with them, and taught them how to greet the Messenger of God ﷺ, but they did not do so except with the greeting of the Age of Ignorance. When they came to the Messenger of God ﷺ, he set up a tent for them in a corner of his mosque, as they assert. Khālid b. Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ was the one who went between them and the Messenger of God ﷺ until they wrote their document, and Khālid was the one who wrote their document with his own hand. They would not eat any food that came to them from the Messenger of God ﷺ until Khālid ate some of it, until they embraced Islam and completed their document. Among what they asked of the Messenger of God ﷺ was that he leave for them the idol, namely al-Lāt, not destroying it for three years. The Messenger of God ﷺ refused them that. They kept asking him year by year, and he refused them, until they asked for a single month after their arrival, and he refused to leave it for any named period. By that they only intended, as they made apparent, to be safe from their fools, their women, and their children by its being left, and they disliked alarming their people by its destruction until Islam should enter among them. The Messenger of God ﷺ refused except to send Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb and al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah to destroy it. They had also asked him, along with leaving the idol, to excuse them from prayer and from breaking their idols with their own hands. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “As for breaking your idols with your own hands, we shall excuse you from that. As for prayer, there is no good in a religion that has no prayer in it.” They said: “O Muḥammad, we will perform it, even if it is a lowliness.” When they embraced Islam and the Messenger of God ﷺ wrote their document for them, he appointed over them ʿUthmān b. Abī al-ʿĀṣ, who was the youngest of them in age. That was because he was the most eager of them to gain understanding in Islam and to learn the Qurʾān. Abū Bakr said to the Messenger of God ﷺ: “O Messenger of God, I have seen this lad among them to be the most eager of them to gain understanding in Islam and to learn the Qurʾān.”
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No grade is recorded for this wording.