Sunan Abi Dawud 2683
Killing A Captive Without Inviting Him To Islam
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حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَسْبَاطُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ قَالَ زَعَمَ السُّدِّيُّ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ
لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَمَّنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلاَّ أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ وَسَمَّاهُمْ وَابْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ وَأَمَّا ابْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَإِنَّهُ اخْتَبَأَ عِنْدَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ فَلَمَّا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ جَاءَ بِهِ حَتَّى أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ بَايِعْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثَلاَثًا كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَأْبَى فَبَايَعَهُ بَعْدَ ثَلاَثٍ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ رَشِيدٌ يَقُومُ إِلَى هَذَا حَيْثُ رَآنِي كَفَفْتُ يَدِي عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَيَقْتُلُهُ فَقَالُوا مَا نَدْرِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ أَلاَ أَوْمَأْتَ إِلَيْنَا بِعَيْنِكَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ خَائِنَةُ الأَعْيُنِ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- ʿUthmān b. Abū Shaybah
- Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal
- Asbāṭ b. Naṣr
- Zaʿam al-Suddī
- Muṣʿab b. Saʿd
- Saʿd
On the day when Mecca was conquered, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave protection to the People except four men and two women and he named them. Ibn AbuSarh was one of them. He then narrated the tradition. He said: Ibn AbuSarh hid himself with Uthman ibn Affan. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called the people to take the oath of allegiance, he brought him and made him stand before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: Messenger of Allah, receive the oath of allegiance from him. He raised his head and looked at him thrice, denying him every time. After the third time he received his oath. He then turned to his Companions and said: Is not there any intelligent man among you who would stand to this (man) when he saw me desisting from receiving the oath of allegiance, and kill him? They replied: We do not know, Messenger of Allah, what lies in your heart; did you not give us an hint with your eye? He said: It is not proper for a Prophet to have a treacherous eye. Abu Dawud said: 'Abd Allah (b. Abi Sarh) was the foster brother of 'Uthman, and Walid b. 'Uqbah was his brother by mother, and 'Uthman inflicted on him hadd punishment when he drank wine.
Notes
قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ كَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَخَا عُثْمَانَ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَكَانَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ أَخَا عُثْمَانَ لأُمِّهِ وَضَرَبَهُ عُثْمَانُ الْحَدَّ إِذْ شَرِبَ الْخَمْرَ
Grades by grader
| al-Albani | Soundin صحيح أبي داود, p. 2683 | fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked, sunnah.com |
|---|---|---|
| Muhammad Muhyi al-Din Abd al-Hamid | Sahih | fawazahmed0 |
| Shuayb al-Arnaut | Good Chainin تخريج سنن أبي داود, p. 2683 | fawazahmed0, hadithunlocked |
| Zubair Ali Zai | Isnaad Hasan | fawazahmed0 |
What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Dāraquṭnī
سئل عنه الدارقطني فقال يرويه أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن السدي عن مصعب بن سعد عن سعد ورواه محمد بن عثمان بن أبي شيبة عن أبيه عن أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن سماك ووهم في قوله عن سماك وإنما هو عن السدي
machine translational-Dāraquṭnī was asked about it and said: Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal narrates it from Asbāṭ, from al-Suddī, from Muṣʿab b. Saʿd, from Saʿd. And Muḥammad b. ʿUthmān b. Abī Shaybah narrated it from his father, from Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal, from Asbāṭ, from Simāk, and he erred (wahima) in saying "from Simāk"; it is only from al-Suddī.
in سنن أبي داود, p. 2678 - ابن الملقن
هذا الحديث صحيح
machine translationThis hadith is authentic (ṣaḥīḥ).
in سنن أبي داود, p. 2678 - ʿAbd al-ʿAẓīm al-Mudhirī
في إسناده إسماعيل بن عبد الرحمن السدي وقد احتج به مسلم وتكلم فيه غير واحد وفيه أيضا أسباط بن نصر وقد احتج به مسلم في صحيحه وتكلم فيه غير واحد
in سنن أبي داود, p. 2678 - Dāraquṭnī
يرويه أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن السدي عن مصعب بن سعد عن سعد ورواه محمد بن عثمان بن أبي شيبة عن أبيه عن أحمد بن المفضل عن أسباط عن سماك ووهم في قوله عن سماك وإنما هو عن السدي
machine translationAḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal narrates it from Asbāṭ, from al-Suddī, from Muṣʿab b. Saʿd, from Saʿd. And Muḥammad b. ʿUthmān b. Abī Shaybah narrated it from his father, from Aḥmad b. al-Mufaḍḍal, from Asbāṭ, from Simāk, and he erred (wahima) in saying "from Simāk"; it is only from al-Suddī.
in سنن أبي داود, p. 2678
Other narrations of this report
Sunan Abi Dawud 2684al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 5537al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 16963al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18347al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18850Sunan al-Daraqutni 3022
Narrators
- One of the Ten (promised Paradise), and the first to shoot an arrow in the path of Godd. 50 AH or 51 AH or 54 AH, also said: 56 AH, also said: 57 AH, also said: 58 AH. And the second is better knownسَعْد بْن أَبِي وَقَّاصأحد العشرة ، وأول من رمى بسهم في سبيل اللهعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 103 AHمُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍثقةعن
- truthful (ṣadūq), makes errors (yahim), accused of Shiism (tashayyuʿ)d. 127 AH, or 129 AHالسُّدِّيُّصدوق ، يهم ، ورمي بالتشيعزعم
- truthful (ṣadūq), makes many mistakes, narrates odd reports (yughrib)d. between 161 and 170 AHأَسْبَاطُ بْنُ نَصْرٍصدوق كثير الخطأ يغربحدثنا
- truthful (ṣadūq), Shiite (shīʿī), there is some weakness in his memoryd. 215 AH, also said: 214 AHأَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِصدوق ، شيعي ، في حفظه شيءحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a renowned memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), though he had some errors (awhām). It is also said: he did not memorize the Qurʾānd. 239 AHعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَثقة حافظ شهير ، وله أوهام . وقيل : كان لا يحفظ القرآنحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), the compiler of the Sunan and other works, one of the senior scholars.d. 275 AHأَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّثقة ، حافظ , مصنف السنن وغيرها ، من كبار العلماء
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
شرح مشكل الآثار
الاعتبار في الناسخ والمنسوخ
ʿAwn al-Maʿbūd (Ashraf)
Read them on Hadith Unlocked