Jami' al-Saghir / Jam' al-Jawami' (al-Suyuti) 2-3443b
"عَنِ ابنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أن الشُّرَّابَ كَانوا يُضرَبونَ في عَهْدِ رَسولِ اللهِ ﷺ بالأيَدْى والنَّعالِ والعِصِّي حتَّى تُوفِّى رَسُول اللهِ ﷺ فَكانُوا فِى خِلافَةِ أبِى بَكْرٍ أكثَر مِنْهم فِى عَهْد رسولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ أَبو بَكْرٍ: لَو فَرَضْنَا لَهُم حَدّا، فَتَوفَّى نَحوًا ممَّا كَانُوا يُضْرَبون فِى عَهد رسولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَكانَ أبو بَكْرٍ يَجْلِدُهم أرْبعِين حتَّى تُوفِّى ثمِ كَانَ عُمَرُ مِن بعَدهِ فَجلَدهُم كَذَلِكَ أَرْبَعين حتَّى أُتِىَ برجُل مِن المُهاجِرينَ الأوَّلِينَ قَدْ شرِبَ فَأمر به أَنْ يُجْلدَ، فَقَالَ: لِمَ تَجْلِدنى؟ بَيْنِى وَبْينَكَ كِتابُ الله، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: وفى أى كتابِ اللهِ تَجدُ أن لا أَجْلِدَكَ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ: إن الله يَقولُ في كتابهِ: {لَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جُنَاحٌ} () الآية. فَأنَا مِن الذَّين آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحاتِ ثَّم اتَّقَوا وآمَنُوا، ثَّم اتَقَوْا وَأَحْسَنُوا، شَهِدتُ مَعَ رسولِ الله ﷺ بَدْرًا وأُحُدًا وَالخندَقَ وَالمَشَاهِدَ، فَقالَ عُمَر: أَلا تَرُدونَ عَلَيْه مَا يقُولُ؟، فَقَالَ ابنُ عَبَّاسِ: إنَّ هذِه الآية أُنزِلَتْ عُذْرًا للمَاضين وحُجَّةً عَلَى البَاقِينَ، فَعُذرُ المَاضِين أَنَهم لَقُوا الله قَبْلَ أَنْ تحرّم عليهم الخَمْرُ، وَحُجّةٌ عَلَى البَاقِينَ لأنَّ الله تَعالى يَقُول: {يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنْصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ} ( )... الآية ثَّم قَرَأَ حَتى أَنَفَد الآيةَ، فإنْ كَانَ مِنَ الَّذين آمَنُوا وَعِملُوا الصَّالحات ثم اتَّقَوا وآمنوا ثم اتَقَوا وَأحْسنوا. فإنَّ الله قَد نَهَى أَنْ يُشْربَ الخَمْرُ، فقال: صَدَقْتَ، فَما تَرَونَ؟ قَالَ عَلىٌّ: نَرَى أَنَّه إذَا شَرِبَ سَكِرَ، وإذَا سَكِرَ هَذَى، وَإذا هَذَى افْتَرى، وعَلى المُفْترِى ثَمانونَ جلدَةً، فَأمَر عُمَرُ فجُلِدَ ثَمانينَ".
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Ibn ʿAbbās n al-Shurrāb Kānwā Yuḍrabwn Fy ʿAhd
Machine translation, not reviewed
"Ibn 'Abbas narrated that the drinkers were beaten during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with hands, sandals, and sticks until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away. They were more numerous during the caliphate of Abu Bakr than during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abu Bakr said: If we set a fixed punishment for them. So he set forty lashes, and Abu Bakr would flog them forty times until he died. Then 'Umar was after him and flogged them likewise forty times, until a man from the early Emigrants was brought who had drunk, and he ordered that he be flogged. The man said: Why are you flogging me? Between me and you is the Book of Allah. 'Umar said: In which Book of Allah do you find that I should not flog you? He said: Allah says in His Book: {There is no blame upon those who believe and do righteous deeds} () the verse. I am among those who believed and did righteous deeds, then feared Allah and believed, then feared Allah and did good. I witnessed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ Badr, Uhud, the Trench, and the battles. 'Umar said: Will you not respond to what he says? Ibn 'Abbas said: This verse was revealed as an excuse for those who passed away and as a proof against those who remain. The excuse for those who passed away is that they met Allah before wine was made forbidden to them. The proof against those who remain is that Allah the Exalted says: {O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan} () the verse. Then he recited until he finished the verse: {So avoid it that you may be successful}. If one is among those who believed and did righteous deeds, then feared Allah and believed, then feared Allah and did good, then indeed Allah has forbidden wine to be drunk. 'Umar said: You have spoken truly. So what do you think? 'Ali said: We think that when he drinks he becomes intoxicated, when he becomes intoxicated he talks nonsense, when he talks nonsense he slanders, and the punishment for slander is eighty lashes. So 'Umar ordered him flogged eighty times."
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Notes
أبو الشيخ، وابن مردويه، [كر] ابن عساكر في تاريخه [ق] البيهقى في السنن
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