Sahih Muslim 1154a
It is permissible to observe a voluntary fast with an intention formed during the day before the sun reaches its Zenith, and it is permissible for one who is observing a voluntary fast to break his fast with no excuse, although it is better for him to complete it
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وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ فُضَيْلُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ حَدَّثَنَا طَلْحَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ طَلْحَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؓ قَالَتْ
قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ: «يَا عَائِشَةُ، هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ شَىْءٌ؟» قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، مَا عِنْدَنَا شَىْءٌ. قَالَ: «فَإِنِّي صَائِمٌ». قَالَتْ: فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَأُهْدِيَتْ لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ أَوْ جَاءَنَا زَوْرٌ. قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أُهْدِيَتْ لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ أَوْ جَاءَنَا زَوْرٌ، وَقَدْ خَبَأْتُ لَكَ شَيْئًا. قَالَ: «مَا هُوَ؟» قُلْتُ: حَيْسٌ. قَالَ: «هَاتِيهِ». فَجِئْتُ بِهِ فَأَكَلَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: «قَدْ كُنْتُ أَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمًا».
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Kāmil Fuḍayl b. Ḥusayn
- ʿAbd al-Wāḥid b. Ziyād
- Ṭalḥah b. Yaḥyá b. ʿUbaydullāh
- ʿĀʾishah Bint Ṭalḥah
- ʿĀʾishah
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me one day: "O Aishah, do you have anything?" She said: I said, "O Messenger of Allah, we have nothing." He said: "Then I am fasting." She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out, then a gift was given to us, or visitors came to us. She said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned, I said, "O Messenger of Allah, a gift was given to us, or visitors came to us, and I have kept something aside for you." He said: "What is it?" I said, "Hays." He said: "Bring it." So I brought it to him and he ate, then he said: "I had begun the morning fasting." Talhah said: I narrated this hadith to Mujahid, and he said, "That is like a man who sets aside charity from his wealth: if he wishes, he may carry it through, and if he wishes, he may withhold it."
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