al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 3138
✧ Prohibition of Lying and Injustice
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قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الضَّبِّيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ بِهَذَا السَّنَدِ، قَالَ:
بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً، فَمَرُّوا بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ، فَقَالُوا: يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ، اجْزُرْ لَنَا شَاةً، قَالَ: فَأَتَاهُمْ بِعَتُودٍ مِنْ غَنَمِهِ، فَذَبَحُوهَا، قَالَ: فَظَلُّوا يَطْبُخُونَ وَيَشْوُونَ، حَتَّى انْتَصَفَ النَّهَارُ، وَأَظَلَّ بِظِلِّهِ عَلَى غَنَمِهِ، فَقَالُوا: يَا أَعْرَابِيُّ، أَخْرِجْ لَنَا غَنَمَكَ، حَتَّى نَقِيلَ فِي الْمِظَلَّةِ، قَالَ: أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللهَ، فَإِنَّهَا وُلَّدٌ، فَإِنْ أَنَا أَخْرَجْتُهَا فَضَرَبَتْهَا السَّمُومُ طَرَحَتْ، فَقَالُوا: أَنْفُسُنَا أَعَزُّ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ غَنَمِكَ، قَالَ: فَأَخْرَجُوهَا فَضَرَبَتْهَا السَّمُومُ، فَطَرَحَتْ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ رَاحُوا مِنْ عِنْدِهِ، وَتَرَكُوهُ، حَتَّى أَتَوُا الْمَدِينَةَ، فَإِذَا بِهِ قَدْ سَبَقَهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَأَخْبَرَهُ الْخَبَرَ، فَلَمَّا جَاءُوا سَأَلَهُمْ ﷺ عَمَّا ذَكَرَ، فَأَنْكَرُوا، فَاعْتَمَدَ رَجُلًا مِنْهُمْ، فَقَالَ: « يَا فُلَانُ، إِنْ كَانَ مَا فِي أَصْحَابِكَ خَيْرٌ، فَعَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ عِنْدَكَ، اصْدُقْنِي »، فَقَالَ: صَدَقَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، الْخَبَرُ مِثْلُ مَا قَالَ، فَقَالَ ﷺ: « أَتَهَافَتُونَ فِي الْكَذِبِ تَهَافُتَ الْفَرَاشِ فِي النَّارِ، كُلُّ كَذِبٍ مَكْتُوبٌ لَا مَحَالَةَ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكْذِبَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الْحَرْبِ، فَإِنَّ الْحَرْبَ خَدْعَةٌ، أَوْ يَكْذِبَ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ لِيُصْلِحَ بَيْنَهُمَا، أَوْ يَكْذِبَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ لِيُرْضِيَهَا ».
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Yaʿlá
- Aḥmad b. Ayyūb al-Ḍabbī
- Maslamah b. ʿAlqamah Bihadhā al-Sanad
✧ The Messenger of God ﷺ sent out a raiding party. They passed by a man from the desert dwellers. They said: 'O bedouin, slaughter a sheep for us.' He said: He brought them a young goat from his flock, and they slaughtered it. He said: They spent the day cooking and roasting until midday, and he shaded himself with his shadow over his flock. They said: 'O bedouin, bring out your flock so that we may take a midday nap in the shade.' He said: 'I adjure you by God, for they are pregnant; if I bring them out and the scorching wind strikes them, they will miscarry.' They said: 'Our own selves are dearer to us than your flock.' He said: So they brought them out, and the scorching wind struck them, and they miscarried. He said: Then they departed from him and left him, until they came to Madinah. There he was, having preceded them to the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he informed him of the news. When they came, he ﷺ asked them about what he mentioned, but they denied it. He leaned on a man among them and said: 'O so-and-so, if what is in your companions is good, then perhaps it is with you; tell me the truth.' The man said: 'The bedouin spoke the truth, O Messenger of God; the matter is as he said.' Then he ﷺ said: 'Do you fall into lying as moths fall into the fire? Every lie is written, no doubt, except that a man lies in war, for war is deception, or lies between two men to reconcile them, or a man lies to his wife to please her.'
Grades by grader
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Abū al-Ḥasan Nur al-Dīn ʿAlī b. Abi Bakr al-Haythamī
فيه محمد بن جامع العطار وهو ضعيف وقد تقدم في باب الصلح في الأحكام
machine translationIn it is Muḥammad b. Jāmiʿ al-ʿAṭṭār, and he is weak (ḍaʿīf); he was mentioned previously in the chapter on reconciliation in the rulings.
in المطالب العالية, p. 3138
Other narrations of this report
Musnad Ahmad 27597Musnad Ahmad 912Sahih Ibn Hibban 3370al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 17171al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Bayhaqi) 18519Musnad al-Bazzar 514
Narrators
- well-known Companiond. between 41 and 50 AHالنَّوَّاس بْن سَمْعَان الْكِلَابِيّصحابي ، مشهورعن
- الزبرقانعن
- Truthful (ṣadūq), frequently narrated mursal reports (kathīr al-irsāl) and made many errors (awhām)d. 98 AH, or 99 AH, or 100 AH, or 101 AH, or 111 AH, or 112 AHشهر بن حوشبصدوق , كثير الإرسال والأوهامعن
- Trustworthy and meticulous (thiqah mutqin), though he would make mistakes (yahim) toward the end of his lifed. 139 AH, or 140 AH, or: 141 AH, also said: 127 AHداود بن أبي هندثقة متقن ، كان يهم بآخرهحدثنا
- Truthful (ṣadūq) with some errors (awhām)d. between 171 AH and 180 AHمَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَصدوق له أوهامحدثنا
- acceptable (maqbūl)d. between 231 and 240 AHأَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الضَّبِّيُّمقبولحدثنا
- d. 307 AHأَبُو يَعْلَى
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.