Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 2300

✧ Prohibition of applying the name martyr to mere killing

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وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ: حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، ثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ مُرَّةَ: أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ الطَّائِيُّ قَالَ:

إِنَّ نَاسًا، كَانُوا بِالْكُوفَةِ مَعَ ابْنِ الْمُخْتَارِ - يَعْنِي وَالِدَ الْمُخْتَارِ بْنِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، حَيْثُ قُتِلَ بِجِسْرِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ - قَالَ: فَقُتِلُوا إِلَّا رَجُلَيْنِ حُمِلَا عَلَى الْعَدْوِ بِأَسْيَافِهِمَا، فَأَفْرَجُوا لَهُمَا فَنَجَيَا، أَوْ ثَلَاثَةً فَأَتَوُا الْمَدِينَةَ، فَخَرَجَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَهُمْ قُعُودٌ يَذْكُرُونَهُمْ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: عَمَّ قُلْتُمْ لَهُمْ ؟ قَالُوا: اسْتَغْفَرْنَا لَهُمْ وَدَعَوْنَا لَهُمْ. قَالَ ؓ: لَتُحَدِّثُنِّي بِمَا قُلْتُمْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لَتَلْقَوْنَ مِنِّي فُتُوحًا. قَالُوا: إِنَّا قُلْنَا: إِنَّهُمْ شُهَدَاءُ. قَالَ: وَالَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ، وَالَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّدًا بِالْحَقِّ، وَالَّذِي لَا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ، مَا تَعْلَمُ نَفْسٌ حَيَّةٌ مَاذَا عِنْدَ اللهِ لِنَفْسِ مَيِّتَةٍ، إِلَّا نَبِيُّ اللهِ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى غَفَرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ، وَالَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ، وَالَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّدًا بِالْحَقِّ، وَالَّذِي لَا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ، إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يُقَاتِلُ رِيَاءً وَيُقَاتِلُ حَمِيَّةً، وَيُقَاتِلُ يُرِيدُ الدُّنْيَا وَيُقَاتِلُ يُرِيدُ الْمَالَ، وَمَا لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَ عِنْدَ اللهِ إِلَّا مَا فِي نُفُوسِهِمْ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. al-Ḥārith
  2. Yaḥyá
  3. Shuʿbah
  4. ʿAmr b. Murrah
  5. Abū al-Bakhtarī al-Ṭāʾī

✧ Some people were in Kufa with Ibn al-Mukhtar (meaning the father of al-Mukhtar b. Abi 'Ubayd) when he was killed at the bridge of Abu 'Ubayd. He said: They were all killed except two men who charged the enemy with their swords, and they made way for them, so they escaped, or three. They came to Madinah, and 'Umar ؓ came out while they were sitting and mentioning them. 'Umar ؓ said: What did you say about them? They said: We sought forgiveness for them and prayed for them. He ؓ said: You must tell me what you said about them, or you will face severe consequences from me. They said: We said that they are martyrs. He said: By the One besides whom there is no god, and by the One who sent Muhammad with the truth, and by the One without whose permission the Hour will not come, no living soul knows what God has for a dead soul, except the Prophet of God, for God Almighty has forgiven him his past and future sins. By the One besides whom there is no god, and by the One who sent Muhammad with the truth, and by the One without whose permission the Hour will not come, a man fights for show, fights out of zeal, fights seeking this world, and fights seeking wealth. And those who fight will have nothing with God except that which is in their hearts.

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No grade is recorded for this wording.