Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah 2109
✧ The collection of chapters on the virtues of the month of Ramadan and its fasting
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُوسَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ يَزِيدَ - الْعَطَّارَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَّامٍ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ:
إِنَّ اللهَ أَوْحَى إِلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ، وَيَأْمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ، فَكَأَنَّهُ أَبْطَأَ بِهِنَّ، فَأَتَاهُ عِيسَى فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ أَمَرَكَ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ، وَيَأْمُرُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تُخْبِرَهُمْ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُخْبِرَهُمْ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَخِي، لَا تَفْعَلْ، فَإِنِّي أَخَافُ إِنْ تَسْبِقْنِي بِهِنَّ أَنْ يُخْسَفَ بِي، أَوْ أُعَذَّبَ. قَالَ: فَجَمَعَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ، حَتَّى امْتَلَأَ الْمَسْجِدَ، وَقَعَدُوا عَلَى الشُّرُفَاتِ، ثُمَّ خَطَبَهُمْ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللهَ أَوْحَى إِلَيَّ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ أَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ، وَآمُرَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ: أَوَّلُهُنَّ: أَنْ لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللهِ شَيْئًا؛ فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ مَنْ أَشْرَكَ بِاللهِ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى عَبْدًا مِنْ خَالِصِ مَالِهِ، بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ وَرِقٍ، ثُمَّ أَسْكَنَهُ دَارًا، فَقَالَ: اعْمَلْ وَارْفَعْ إِلَيَّ، فَجَعَلَ يَعْمَلُ وَيَرْفَعُ إِلَى غَيْرِ سَيِّدِهِ، فَأَيُّكُمْ يَرْضَى أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدُهُ كَذَلِكَ ؟ فَإِنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَكُمْ وَرَزَقَكُمْ، فَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَإِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَلَا تَلْتَفِتُوا؛ فَإِنَّ اللهَ يُقْبِلُ بِوَجْهِهِ إِلَى وَجْهِ عَبْدِهِ مَا لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصِّيَامِ، وَمَثَلُ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ فِي عِصَابَةٍ، مَعَهُ صُرَّةُ مِسْكٍ، كُلُّهُمْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَجِدَ رِيحَهَا، وَإِنَّ الصِّيَامَ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ، وَمَثَلُ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ أَسَرَهُ الْعَدُوُّ، فَأَوْثَقُوا يَدَهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ، وَقَرَّبُوهُ لِيَضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: هَلْ لَكُمْ أَنْ أَفْدِيَ نَفْسِيَ مِنْكُمْ ؟ وَجَعَلَ يُعْطِي الْقَلِيلَ وَالْكَثِيرَ حَتَّى فَدَى نَفْسَهُ، وَآمُرُكُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللهِ كَثِيرًا، وَمَثَلُ ذِكْرِ اللهِ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ طَلَبَهُ الْعَدُوُّ سِرَاعًا فِي أَثَرِهِ، حَتَّى أَتَى حِصْنًا حَصِينًا، فَأَحْرَزَ نَفْسَهُ فِيهِ، وَكَذَلِكَ الْعَبْدُ لَا يَنْجُو مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ إِلَّا بِذِكْرِ اللهِ ". قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: " وَأَنَا آمُرُكُمْ بِخَمْسٍ أَمَرَنِي اللهُ بِهِنَّ: الْجَمَاعَةِ، وَالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ، وَالْهِجْرَةِ، وَالْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، وَمَنْ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ، فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَةَ الْإِيمَانِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ، إِلَّا أَنْ يُرَاجِعَ، وَمَنِ ادَّعَى دَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جُثَى جَهَنَّمَ "، قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى ؟ قَالَ: " وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى، تَدَاعُوا بِدَعْوَى اللهِ الَّذِي سَمَّاكُمْ بِهَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عِبَادَ اللهِ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Mūsá Muḥammad b. al-Muthanná
- Abū Dāwud Sulaymān b. Dāwud
- Abān / Ibn Yazīd al-ʿAṭṭār
- Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr
- Zayd b. Sallām
- Abū Sallām
- al-Ḥārith al-Ashʿarī
- Rasūl Allāh ﷺ
✧ Allah revealed to Yahya b. Zakariyya five words to act upon and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them. He seemed to delay them, so 'Isa came to him and said: "Allah commanded you with five words to act upon and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them. Either you inform them, or I inform them." He said: "O my brother, do not do that, for I fear that if you precede me with them, the earth will swallow me or I will be punished." He said: He gathered the Children of Israel in the House of the Sanctuary, until the mosque was full and they sat on the balconies. Then he addressed them and said: "Allah revealed to me five words to act upon and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them: The first of them: that you do not associate anything with Allah, for the likeness of one who associates with Allah is like a man who bought a slave from his pure wealth with gold or silver, then lodged him in a house and said: 'Work and bring it to me.' He began to work and bring it to someone other than his master. Which of you would be pleased for his slave to be like that? Allah created you and provided for you, so do not associate anything with Him. When you stand for prayer, do not turn away, for Allah turns His face toward the face of His servant as long as he does not turn away. I command you with fasting. Its likeness is like a man in a group with a pouch of musk; all of them love to find its scent. Indeed, fasting is sweeter to Allah than the scent of musk. I command you with charity. Its likeness is like a man whom the enemy captured, and they bound his hand to his neck and brought him forward to strike his neck. He began to say: 'Would you let me ransom myself from you?' And he began to give little and much until he ransomed himself. I command you with much remembrance of Allah. The likeness of the remembrance of Allah is like a man whom the enemy pursued swiftly in his tracks until he came to a strong fortress and secured himself in it. Likewise, the servant does not escape from Satan except by the remembrance of Allah." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "And I command you with five things which Allah commanded me: the congregation, listening and obedience, emigration, and jihad in the way of Allah. Whoever separates from the congregation by a handspan has cast off the bond of faith and Islam from his head, unless he returns. Whoever claims the claim of the Jahiliyyah, he is among the heaps of Jahannam." It was said: "O Messenger of Allah, even if he fasts and prays?" He said: "Even if he fasts and prays. Call one another by the call of Allah, by which He named you: the believers, the Muslims, the servants of Allah."
Grades by grader
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Other narrations of this report
Sahih al-Bukhari 7053Sahih al-Bukhari 7143Sahih Muslim 1849a
Narrators
- Companion (ṣaḥābī)الْحَارِثُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْعَرِيُّصحابيعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), he narrates mursal reports (yursil)d. between 101 and 110 AHأَبِي سَلَّامٍثقة يرسلعن
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. between 121 AH and 130 AHزَيْدِ بْنِ [١]سَلَّامٍثقةعن
- trustworthy and reliable (thiqah thabt), but he practiced tadlīs and irsāld. 129 AH or 130 AH or 132 AHيَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍثقة ثبت ، لكنه يدلس ويرسلعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), with some unique narrations (afrād)d. around 160 AHأَبَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ يَزِيدَ - الْعَطَّارَثقة له أفرادحدثنا
- trustworthy (thiqah), a retentive memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), who erred in some hadithsd. 203 AH, or 204 AHأَبُو دَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَثقة حافظ , غلط في أحاديثحدثنا
- trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 252 AH, also said: 250 AH, also said: 251 AHأَبُو مُوسَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّىثقة ثبتحدثنا
- d. 311 AHابن خزيمة
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.